EP2586894A1 - Method for anodised finishing of an aluminium metal profile section with a pattern, and profile section thus obtained. - Google Patents

Method for anodised finishing of an aluminium metal profile section with a pattern, and profile section thus obtained. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2586894A1
EP2586894A1 EP12352004.1A EP12352004A EP2586894A1 EP 2586894 A1 EP2586894 A1 EP 2586894A1 EP 12352004 A EP12352004 A EP 12352004A EP 2586894 A1 EP2586894 A1 EP 2586894A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
pattern
aluminum
bath
coating layer
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Granted
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EP12352004.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2586894B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Lahbib
Bernard Montfort
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Norsk Hydro ASA
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Norsk Hydro ASA
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Publication of EP2586894A1 publication Critical patent/EP2586894A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02—Anodisation
    • C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates more particularly to the field of construction, more particularly the building.
  • Anodizing processes are well known in particular in the field of building profiles, with light alloy profiles based on aluminum.
  • the preparation generally consists of a degreasing of the surface of the profile, and / or a treatment in particular according to the surface condition that is desired at the end of the anodizing process.
  • the treatments are in principle of two types: mechanical and / or chemical.
  • mechanical treatment including pickling, shot blasting, sanding, polishing, etc; and as chemical treatment, etching or chemical satin, well known in the field of building.
  • chemical satin is to remove the natural oxides covering the surface of the profile, by immersing the profile in a bath containing the satin solution generally based on sodium hydroxide and complexing agents.
  • the immersion step in one or more anodizing baths is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail here. This step may differ depending on whether the desired anodic oxidation layer is colored or natural by the anodizing baths used, in particular baths containing electrolytically colored metal salts.
  • This well-known method of finishing by anodizing is not very flexible in use and allows to achieve exclusively a uniform finish of the surface of the profile by the principle of the bath: for example matte finish, satin, shiny, natural or colored.
  • an additional step of stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer is carried out by a known sealing operation, which consists for example in immersing the anodized section in a bath of hot water, especially boiling.
  • Such anodizing finishing process which offers excellent resistance to corrosion and abrasion, does not make it possible to carry out a marking or a pattern on the surface of the profile because of the nature of this electrolytic bath process which affects any the surface of the profile in contact with the bath.
  • the Applicant has devised and carried out a test consisting in marking an anodized finished profile by means of a method of marking by powder sintering by means of a laser known elsewhere for marking the ceramic. There was a spurt of sparks on the impact of the laser: the powder was projected and the pattern was not formed.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce any pattern on the surface of an aluminum-based metal profile, for example a decorative pattern that aims to give the visible part of the profile a particular aesthetic while benefiting from effective protection by anodizing the profile.
  • the color of the pattern is defined by the color of the sintered powder and the shape may for example be defined by a program of appropriate displacement of the laser beam according to the desired pattern.
  • Anodizing cooperates with laser sintering to provide homogeneous protection of the entire surface of the profile. Indeed, the sintering method provides both the realization of a pattern and the protection of the corresponding surface of the profile above which the pattern extends.
  • the anodizing process cooperates with the sintered surface portions with the powder to complete the protection of the entire surface of the profile, taking over the protective relay from the contours of the pattern and outside thereof.
  • Anodizing has no effect on the surfaces covered by the sintered powder, which, in turn, is not degraded by the anodizing bath.
  • the sintered powder-based coating is particularly resistant to corrosion and abrasion, like anodizing.
  • the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made consists in depositing said powdered substance mixed with water.
  • This feature has ergonomic advantages for placing the powder while attaching it to the surface of the profile before sintering is performed.
  • the process according to the invention further comprises a step of drying said coating layer after having deposited it on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made.
  • This step makes it possible to store the profile provided with its coating layer for a certain period of time and before carrying out the sintering then anodizing step, as required.
  • the drying is for example carried out by hot air.
  • said powder substance comprises at least one mineral powder, and according to another advantageous characteristic, said mineral powder is a ceramic powder.
  • This type of powder proves to combine the best qualities of adhesion to the aluminum-based metal profile, and resistance to corrosion, mainly due to weather, and friction.
  • the step of immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath, in order to form on its surface an anodic oxidation layer is preceded by a step of chemical saturation of the profile which is posterior to the sintering step.
  • the chemical satin stage which falls into the category of preparatory steps for anodizing process, offers a particularly interesting anodising surface finish.
  • the applicant has found that the chemical satin which has been positioned after the sintering operation, does not degrade the latter since the bathing time is preferably limited, for example for a period of between 2 and 10 minutes, of preferably of the order of 5 minutes.
  • the marking of the pattern is part of the preparatory operations phase for anodizing baths.
  • the step of preparing the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath comprises a mechanical treatment step which precedes the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one minus a powdery substance on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile on which a pattern is to be made.
  • mechanical treatment is meant a preparatory treatment of the surface of the profile on the principle of a mechanical attack of the surface, by example by blasting, sanding, polishing, etc.
  • a mechanical preparatory treatment, by shot blasting or sanding, is particularly suitable in the context of the process according to the invention, in combination with a low-saturation saturation, the production of the pattern by sintering being interposed between these two steps preparatory to anodization.
  • the method according to the invention further comprises a step consisting in stabilizing, by clogging, the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersing the metal profile in at least one anodizing bath, and according to another advantageous step, the The step of clogging stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersing the metal profile in at least one anodizing bath comprises immersing said profile in a high temperature water bath.
  • Clogging is a known step in conventional anodizing processes.
  • This step which generally consists of stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer, is preferably carried out, in the context of the process according to the invention, in a very hot, preferably boiling water bath.
  • the step of scanning said coating layer by means of a laser beam consists in scanning transversely the metal section with said laser beam, and in longitudinally scanning the metal section by a longitudinal displacement of the latter.
  • This characteristic offers a good compromise of speed and reduced cost for the realization of the pattern, which uses the elongated shape of the profile and simplifies the means for moving the laser beam.
  • said laser beam is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the metal section comprising the pattern to be produced.
  • the invention furthermore relates to a metal profile obtained according to a method according to the invention, and more particularly to an aluminum-based metal profile characterized in that it comprises, on an outer surface thereof, a pattern comprising a sintered powder which extends over a first portion of said outer surface having a surface area less than that of said outer surface, the second portion of said outer surface of the aluminum-based metal profile which is complementary to said first portion to form the entire surface of said outer surface, having a coating formed of an anodic oxide layer .
  • the profile according to the invention offers a plurality of possible finishes through the representation of a pattern determined as required, for example an aesthetic pattern, combined with the anodic oxide layer protection for surfaces having no pattern made by means of a sintered powder.
  • the figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an anodized finishing process of a patterned aluminum metal profile.
  • FIGS. 2 to 6 are five schematic sectional views, taken in the thickness at the surface of the profile on which the pattern is made, according to five steps of the anodized finishing process according to the figure 1 .
  • FIGS. 7 to 13 are perspective views of several examples of profiles according to the invention comprising patterns made on profiles according to a method according to the invention, said profiles being integrated into sash frames partially represented.
  • the realization of the pattern 11 is intercalated between operations of the preparatory phase to the anodization phase.
  • This preparatory phase advantageously comprises a mechanical treatment step which directly precedes the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance, on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, on which a pattern 11 is to be made.
  • Shot peening is an example of a particularly suitable mechanical pickling treatment according to the invention, and consists of a high-speed projection of steel microbeads on the surface of the profile.
  • the mechanical etching treatment is important in the example described because of a chemical etching treatment of reduced duration as will be explained later.
  • the powder substance comprises at least one mineral powder, preferably a ceramic powder, for example a glass powder mixed with pigments.
  • the powder thus obtained is mixed with water until a mixture sufficiently fluid to be sprayed with a gun.
  • the powder mixed with water can be distributed to the surface area of the profile with a relatively thin layer 16 of the order of 4 mg per cm2 on average and for example.
  • the amount of powder / water spray mixture per unit area of the profile 10 should be sufficient to cover the entire surface, appreciated for example in view.
  • other types of powder for example metal powders, can be used according to the process according to the invention with results however less satisfactory than with mineral powders.
  • the drying is carried out for example by means of a flow of air, preferably hot, in order to reduce the drying time.
  • the drying time can be of the order of a few seconds, ten for example, in the case of a hot air flow.
  • the coating 16 should not be handled with fingers, for example, and more generally should not be soiled for better subsequent laser scanning and better quality, homogeneity, and durability of the pattern 11 obtained.
  • the step of sweeping said coating layer 16 by means of a laser beam is preferably transversely scanning the metal section 10 with the laser beam, and longitudinally scanning the metal section 10 by a longitudinal displacement of this last.
  • the laser beam is preferably perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the metal section 10 comprising the pattern 11 to achieve.
  • the sintering step consists of baking the powder with the aid of a laser beam, on a surface corresponding to the pattern 11 to be produced.
  • a laser suitable for the process according to the invention is for example a laser "Ytterbium 50 Watts".
  • the heating temperature of the coating is of the order of 1000 ° C.
  • a thin layer 14 of mixed aluminum and ceramic zone is formed in the profile 10 at the junction of the coating layer 16 and the profile 10.
  • the pattern 11 that it is desired to achieve is prepared in computer form in the form of a data file defining the pattern to be produced.
  • the first option is preferred.
  • the laser beam thus fires the ceramic powder used in the example, at the location of the pattern 11 throughout the profile.
  • the precision obtained is of the order of 100 ⁇ m (micrometers) for example, with a laser dot diameter focused at the pattern 11 of the same value or substantially the same value.
  • Subsequent cleaning after sintering consists of removing the coating 16 of ceramic powder which has not been cooked by the sintering operation 5, that is to say at the places which are not part of the desired pattern 11.
  • the satin 7 which follows the sintering 5 and precedes the anodization 8, in the example described, can be advantageously carried out in a conventional satin bath used in the context of a conventional anodizing procedure.
  • a satin bath is for example made of soda and conventional complexing agents.
  • the difference with a conventional satin lies in the immersion time which is, in the context of the invention, reduced to a few minutes, for example of a duration of between 2 and 10 minutes, preferably 5 minutes, instead of the 25 minutes generally applied in the context of a conventional satin.
  • the satin 7 causes a removal of the surface layer of the aluminum profile 10 on its surface in contact with the bath.
  • the profile 10 is not etched under the surface of the pattern 11 which constitutes an insulation layer vis-à-vis the satin bath.
  • the thickness of material removed by the satin is advantageously determined so that the free surface of the pattern 11 preferably remains in relief relative to the free surface of the subsequent anodic oxidation layer.
  • the removed profile thickness is such that it exposes the wafer of the mixed layer 14, as shown.
  • Anodization 8 is conventionally carried out in anodizing baths, in particular according to the desired color and thickness of the anodizing layer, as shown in FIG. figure 6 , and will not be described in more detail here.
  • the sintered powder-based pattern 11 is resistant to the anodizing baths and prevents the anodizing reaction on the surface of the profile 10 which is located below the pattern 11, avoiding contact with the bath liquid at this surface. .
  • the clogging 9 of the anodic oxidation layer 15 in order to promote a good resistance to corrosion of this layer is advantageously in a conventional manner, for example either by steaming or by immersing the anodized profile and having the pattern in a bath water at high temperature, for example boiling or boiling, which has the effect of accelerating the kinetics of reaction.
  • a clogging with nickel salts can be practiced, which in addition to the hydration of the anodizing layer, a nickel hydroxide precipitation occurs inside the pores which makes it possible to improve the closure thereof.
  • the powder coating layer may adopt a thickness of between 10 and 15 ⁇ m (micrometers) after sintering, the mixed aluminum and ceramic layer 14 having been observed according to the described example of a thickness of the order of 5 microns (micrometers).
  • the layer removed from the profile 10, in the satin bath 7, has for example a thickness of the order of 10 microns (micrometers).
  • the anodic oxidation layer which penetrates slightly to the surface of the profile left free by the anodizing bath, has a total thickness in the example of the order of 20 microns (micrometers).
  • the pattern 11 is thus in the example slightly raised on the surface of the anodized section, a few micrometers.
  • the anodization layer 15 advantageously covers at least the edge of the mixed layer 14 aluminum and ceramic. Alternatively, it is possible to ensure that the free surface of the anodizing layer is located above the level of the free surface of the pattern so that the latter is ultimately recessed relative to the anodizing.
  • Figures 7 to 13 show examples of patterns made according to the example method described above on profiles according to the invention.
  • Figures 11 and 13 which represent perspective views of the profile alone
  • Figures 7, 8, 9 , and 10 represent a lower angle of a building opening closure frame, comprising an opening and a frame.
  • the figure 12 shows a lower chassis beam.
  • Each pattern 11 is shown in the black figures on a profile 10 shown on a gray background, solely for the purpose of contrasting representation, and constitutes a pattern 11 which extends for example longitudinally along the length of the profile 10 and preferably on a flat visible face of the profile.
  • a pattern 11 may be composed of a sequence of a given length much shorter than the length of the profile, said sequence being reproduced several times over the length of the section 10, or be original over the extent of this length.
  • the pattern may adopt various representations and be composed for example of lines and points combined ( figure 7 ), or exclusively of points assembled for example geometrically ( figure 8 on which the design of the pattern 11 has been shown in addition to the front view superimposed on the figure).
  • the pattern 11 may also consist of adjacent curved wire sections ( figure 9 ), or points distributed randomly ( figure 10 ), or straight lines that intersect ( figure 11 ), or geometric figures (triangles - Figures 12 and 13 ).
  • the pattern 11 appears on a profile 10 constituting the opening, but a similar or different pattern can be made also on the constituent section of the frame.
  • a choice of patterns to infinity can be proposed for a section and associated with it according to the method according to the invention.
  • the Figures 7 to 13 show an aluminum-based metal profile according to the invention having on an outer surface thereof a pattern 11 comprising a sintered powder which extends over a first part of this outer surface, advantageously of longitudinal extension. corresponding to the length of the profile and having a smaller area than said outer surface.
  • the second portion of said outer surface of the aluminum-based metal profile which is complementary to the first portion to form the entire surface of said outer surface, having a protective coating formed of an anodic oxide layer.
  • the outer surface in question corresponds to the main face of the section constituting the amount that is exposed to the view. This main face extends in a plane parallel to the plane of the frame.
  • the process according to the invention can be applied to any aluminum-based metal profile.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

The method comprises preparing (1) a surface of an aluminum metal profile for an anodization bath, depositing (2) a coating layer containing a powder substance on the surface of profile on which a pattern is to be formed, drying (3) the coating layer, performing chemical staining on the profile, moving (5) the coating layer, using a laser beam, corresponding to the pattern to be formed on the surface of profile to sinter the powder substance on the profile, and cleaning (6) the surface of profile to remove the coating layer, immersing the profile in the bath at a high temperature. The method comprises preparing (1) a surface of an aluminum metal profile for an anodization bath, depositing (2) a coating layer containing a powder substance on the surface of profile on which a pattern is to be formed, drying (3) the coating layer, performing chemical staining on the profile, moving (5) the coating layer, using a laser beam, corresponding to the pattern to be formed on the surface of profile to sinter the powder substance on the profile, cleaning (6) the surface of profile to remove the coating layer, immersing the profile in the bath at a high temperature for a duration of 2-10 minutes to form an anodic oxidation layer on the surface of profile, which is in contact with the bath, and stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer. The powder substance is mixed with water, and comprises a mineral powder such as a ceramic powder. The laser beam is perpendicular to the surface of profile comprising the pattern. An independent claim is included for an aluminum metal profile.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des procédés de finition anodisée d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • préparer la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium pour au moins un bain d'anodisation,
  • immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation, afin de former sur sa surface en contact avec le bain une couche d'oxydation anodique.
The present invention relates to the field of anodized finishing processes of an aluminum-based metal profile, comprising the following steps:
  • preparing the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath,
  • immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath, to form on its surface in contact with the bath an anodic oxidation layer.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement le domaine de la construction, plus particulièrement du bâtiment.The present invention relates more particularly to the field of construction, more particularly the building.

Les procédés d'anodisation sont bien connus notamment dans le domaine des profilés de construction, avec les profilés en alliage léger à base d'aluminium.Anodizing processes are well known in particular in the field of building profiles, with light alloy profiles based on aluminum.

La préparation consiste généralement en un dégraissage de la surface du profilé, et/ou en un traitement notamment en fonction de l'état de surface que l'on souhaite obtenir à l'issue du procédé d'anodisation. Les traitements sont en principe de deux ordres : mécanique et/ou chimique. Sont par exemple connus comme traitement mécanique, notamment de décapage, le grenaillage, le sablage, le polissage, etc ; et comme traitement chimique, le décapage ou satinage chimique, bien connu dans le domaine du bâtiment. Le satinage chimique consiste à éliminer les oxydes naturels recouvrant la surface du profilé, en immergeant le profilé dans un bain contenant la solution de satinage généralement à base de soude et d'agents complexants.The preparation generally consists of a degreasing of the surface of the profile, and / or a treatment in particular according to the surface condition that is desired at the end of the anodizing process. The treatments are in principle of two types: mechanical and / or chemical. Are known for example as mechanical treatment, including pickling, shot blasting, sanding, polishing, etc; and as chemical treatment, etching or chemical satin, well known in the field of building. The chemical satin is to remove the natural oxides covering the surface of the profile, by immersing the profile in a bath containing the satin solution generally based on sodium hydroxide and complexing agents.

L'étape d'immersion dans un ou plusieurs bains d'anodisation est bien connue de l'homme du métier et ne sera pas décrite plus en détail ici. Cette étape peut différer selon que la couche d'oxydation anodique recherchée est colorée ou naturelle, par les bains d'anodisation utilisés, notamment des bains contenant des sels métalliques de coloration électrolytique.The immersion step in one or more anodizing baths is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail here. This step may differ depending on whether the desired anodic oxidation layer is colored or natural by the anodizing baths used, in particular baths containing electrolytically colored metal salts.

Ce procédé bien connu de finition par anodisation est peu flexible d'usage et permet de réaliser exclusivement une finition uniforme de la surface du profilé par le principe du bain : par exemple finition mate, satinée, brillante, naturelle ou colorée. En général, après les bains d'anodisation, une étape supplémentaire de stabilisation de la couche d'oxydation anodique est réalisée par une opération de colmatage connue, qui consiste par exemple à immerger le profilé anodisé dans un bain d'eau chaude, notamment bouillante. Un tel procédé de finition par anodisation, qui offre une excellente résistance à la corrosion et à l'abrasion ne permet pas de réaliser un marquage ou un motif sur la surface du profilé du fait de la nature de ce procédé par bain électrolytique qui affecte toute la surface du profilé en contact avec le bain.This well-known method of finishing by anodizing is not very flexible in use and allows to achieve exclusively a uniform finish of the surface of the profile by the principle of the bath: for example matte finish, satin, shiny, natural or colored. In general, after the anodizing baths, an additional step of stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer is carried out by a known sealing operation, which consists for example in immersing the anodized section in a bath of hot water, especially boiling. Such anodizing finishing process, which offers excellent resistance to corrosion and abrasion, does not make it possible to carry out a marking or a pattern on the surface of the profile because of the nature of this electrolytic bath process which affects any the surface of the profile in contact with the bath.

Il existe un procédé de marquage au laser réalisé après anodisation du profilé. Il consiste à brûler la surface du profilé avec un faisceau laser jusqu'à la marquer. De tels procédés de marquage sont peu appropriés à un profilé car ils nécessitent une modification profonde de la surface du profilé et sont donc notamment longs et coûteux à effectuer.There is a laser marking process performed after anodizing the profile. It involves burning the surface of the profile with a laser beam until it is marked. Such marking methods are not appropriate for a profile because they require a deep modification of the surface of the profile and are therefore particularly long and expensive to perform.

Le demandeur a imaginé et réalisé un essai consistant à marquer un profilé fini anodisé au moyen d'un procédé de marquage par frittage de poudre par l'intermédiaire d'un laser, connu par ailleurs pour marquer la céramique. Il s'est produit une gerbe d'étincelles à l'impact du laser : la poudre a été projetée et le motif ne s'est pas formé.The Applicant has devised and carried out a test consisting in marking an anodized finished profile by means of a method of marking by powder sintering by means of a laser known elsewhere for marking the ceramic. There was a spurt of sparks on the impact of the laser: the powder was projected and the pattern was not formed.

La présente invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients et à offrir un procédé de finition anodisée d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium avec motif. Plus précisément, l'invention consiste en un procédé de finition anodisée d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • préparer la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium pour au moins un bain d'anodisation,
  • immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation, afin de former sur sa surface en contact avec le bain une couche d'oxydation anodique.
The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages and to provide an anodized finish process of a metal profile based aluminum pattern. More specifically, the invention consists of an anodized finishing process of an aluminum-based metal profile, comprising the following steps:
  • preparing the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath,
  • immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath, to form on its surface in contact with the bath an anodic oxidation layer.

Selon la présente invention, il comprend en outre les étapes suivantes insérées avant l'étape consistant à immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation :

  • déposer une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé,
  • balayer ladite couche de revêtement au moyen d'un faisceau laser selon un déplacement déterminé dudit faisceau laser, correspondant au motif à réaliser sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, afin de fritter ladite substance en poudre sur le profilé suivant le motif à réaliser,
  • nettoyer la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium afin de supprimer ladite couche de revêtement sur les parties non balayées par ledit faisceau laser.
According to the present invention, it further comprises the following steps inserted before the step of immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath:
  • depositing a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile on which a pattern is to be made,
  • sweeping said coating layer by means of a laser beam according to a determined displacement of said laser beam, corresponding to the pattern to performing on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, in order to sinter said powder substance on the profile according to the pattern to be produced,
  • cleaning the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile to remove said coating layer on non-scanned portions by said laser beam.

Le procédé selon l'invention permet de réaliser n'importe quel motif à la surface d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, par exemple un motif décoratif qui vise à conférer à la partie visible du profilé une esthétique particulière tout en bénéficiant de la protection efficace par anodisation du profilé. La couleur du motif est définie par la couleur de la poudre frittée et la forme peut par exemple être définie par un programme de déplacement approprié du faisceau laser en fonction du motif que l'on désire obtenir. L'anodisation coopère avec le frittage laser pour offrir une protection homogène de la surface totale du profilé. En effet, le procédé de frittage apporte à la fois la réalisation d'un motif et la protection de la surface correspondante du profilé au-dessus de laquelle le motif s'étend. Le procédé d'anodisation coopère avec les parties de surfaces frittées avec la poudre pour compléter la protection de la surface totale du profilé, en prenant le relais de protection à partir des contours du motif et à l'extérieur de celui-ci. L'anodisation n'a pas d'effet sur les surfaces recouvertes par la poudre frittée qui, quant à elle, n'est pas dégradée par le bain d'anodisation. Le revêtement fritté à base de poudre est particulièrement résistant à la corrosion et à l'abrasion à l'instar de l'anodisation. Ainsi, tout en bénéficiant d'un motif réalisable rapidement par un balayage industriel au moyen d'un faisceau laser, la protection de surface du profilé reste homogène et efficace.The method according to the invention makes it possible to produce any pattern on the surface of an aluminum-based metal profile, for example a decorative pattern that aims to give the visible part of the profile a particular aesthetic while benefiting from effective protection by anodizing the profile. The color of the pattern is defined by the color of the sintered powder and the shape may for example be defined by a program of appropriate displacement of the laser beam according to the desired pattern. Anodizing cooperates with laser sintering to provide homogeneous protection of the entire surface of the profile. Indeed, the sintering method provides both the realization of a pattern and the protection of the corresponding surface of the profile above which the pattern extends. The anodizing process cooperates with the sintered surface portions with the powder to complete the protection of the entire surface of the profile, taking over the protective relay from the contours of the pattern and outside thereof. Anodizing has no effect on the surfaces covered by the sintered powder, which, in turn, is not degraded by the anodizing bath. The sintered powder-based coating is particularly resistant to corrosion and abrasion, like anodizing. Thus, while benefiting from a pattern achievable quickly by industrial scanning by means of a laser beam, the surface protection of the profile remains homogeneous and effective.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, l'étape consistant à déposer une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé, consiste à déposer ladite substance en poudre mélangée à de l'eau.According to an advantageous characteristic, the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made consists in depositing said powdered substance mixed with water. .

Cette caractéristique présente des avantages d'ergonomie pour placer la poudre tout en la fixant à la surface du profilé avant que le frittage ne soit effectué.This feature has ergonomic advantages for placing the powder while attaching it to the surface of the profile before sintering is performed.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, le procédé suivant l'invention comprend en outre une étape consistant à sécher ladite couche de revêtement après l'avoir déposé sur la surface du profilé métallique sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé.According to an advantageous characteristic, the process according to the invention further comprises a step of drying said coating layer after having deposited it on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made.

Cette étape permet d'entreposer le profilé muni de sa couche de revêtement pendant une certaine durée et avant de réaliser l'étape de frittage puis d'anodisation, selon les besoins. Le séchage est par exemple effectué par air chaud.This step makes it possible to store the profile provided with its coating layer for a certain period of time and before carrying out the sintering then anodizing step, as required. The drying is for example carried out by hot air.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, ladite substance en poudre comprend au moins une poudre minérale, et selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, ladite poudre minérale est une poudre céramique.According to an advantageous characteristic, said powder substance comprises at least one mineral powder, and according to another advantageous characteristic, said mineral powder is a ceramic powder.

Ce type de poudre s'avère réunir les meilleures qualités d'adhésion au profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, et de résistance à la corrosion, essentiellement dues aux intempéries, et aux frottements.This type of powder proves to combine the best qualities of adhesion to the aluminum-based metal profile, and resistance to corrosion, mainly due to weather, and friction.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, l'étape consistant à immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation, afin de former sur sa surface une couche d'oxydation anodique, est précédée d'une étape de satinage chimique du profilé qui est postérieure à l'étape de frittage.According to an advantageous characteristic, the step of immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath, in order to form on its surface an anodic oxidation layer, is preceded by a step of chemical saturation of the profile which is posterior to the sintering step.

L'étape de satinage chimique qui entre dans la catégorie des étapes préparatoires à un procédé d'anodisation, offre une finition d'état de surface d'anodisation particulièrement intéressante. Le demandeur a constaté que le satinage chimique qui a été positionné après l'opération de frittage, ne dégrade pas cette dernière dans la mesure où le temps de bain est de préférence limité, par exemple pendant une durée comprise entre 2 et 10 minutes, de préférence de l'ordre de 5 minutes. Dans ce cas d'espèce, le marquage du motif s'inscrit dans la phase des opérations préparatoires aux bains d'anodisation.The chemical satin stage, which falls into the category of preparatory steps for anodizing process, offers a particularly interesting anodising surface finish. The applicant has found that the chemical satin which has been positioned after the sintering operation, does not degrade the latter since the bathing time is preferably limited, for example for a period of between 2 and 10 minutes, of preferably of the order of 5 minutes. In this case, the marking of the pattern is part of the preparatory operations phase for anodizing baths.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, l'étape consistant à préparer la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium pour au moins un bain d'anodisation, comprend une étape de traitement mécanique qui précède l'étape consistant à déposer une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé.According to an advantageous characteristic, the step of preparing the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath comprises a mechanical treatment step which precedes the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one minus a powdery substance on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile on which a pattern is to be made.

Par traitement mécanique, on entend un traitement préparatoire de la surface du profilé sur le principe d'une attaque mécanique de la surface, par exemple par grenaillage, sablage, polissage, etc. Un traitement préparatoire mécanique, par grenaillage ou sablage, est particulièrement approprié dans le cadre du procédé selon l'invention, en combinaison avec un satinage de faible durée, la réalisation du motif par frittage étant intercalée entre ces deux étapes préparatoires à l'anodisation.By mechanical treatment is meant a preparatory treatment of the surface of the profile on the principle of a mechanical attack of the surface, by example by blasting, sanding, polishing, etc. A mechanical preparatory treatment, by shot blasting or sanding, is particularly suitable in the context of the process according to the invention, in combination with a low-saturation saturation, the production of the pattern by sintering being interposed between these two steps preparatory to anodization.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, le procédé suivant l'invention comprend en outre une étape consistant à stabiliser par colmatage la couche d'oxydation anodique formée par immersion du profilé métallique dans au moins un bain d'anodisation, et selon une autre étape avantageuse, l'étape consistant à stabiliser par colmatage la couche d'oxydation anodique formée par immersion du profilé métallique dans au moins un bain d'anodisation consiste à immerger ledit profilé dans un bain d'eau à température élevée.According to an advantageous characteristic, the method according to the invention further comprises a step consisting in stabilizing, by clogging, the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersing the metal profile in at least one anodizing bath, and according to another advantageous step, the The step of clogging stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersing the metal profile in at least one anodizing bath comprises immersing said profile in a high temperature water bath.

Le colmatage est une étape connue dans les procédés d'anodisation conventionnels. Cette étape qui consiste d'une manière générale à stabiliser la couche d'oxydation anodique, est de préférence réalisée, dans le cadre du procédé selon l'invention, dans un bain d'eau très chaude, de préférence bouillante.Clogging is a known step in conventional anodizing processes. This step, which generally consists of stabilizing the anodic oxidation layer, is preferably carried out, in the context of the process according to the invention, in a very hot, preferably boiling water bath.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, l'étape consistant à balayer ladite couche de revêtement au moyen d'un faisceau laser consiste à balayer transversalement le profilé métallique avec ledit faisceau laser, et à balayer longitudinalement le profilé métallique par un déplacement longitudinal de ce dernier.According to an advantageous characteristic, the step of scanning said coating layer by means of a laser beam consists in scanning transversely the metal section with said laser beam, and in longitudinally scanning the metal section by a longitudinal displacement of the latter.

Cette caractéristique offre un bon compromis de rapidité et de coût réduit pour la réalisation du motif, qui utilise la forme allongée du profilé et permet de simplifier les moyens de déplacement du faisceau laser.This characteristic offers a good compromise of speed and reduced cost for the realization of the pattern, which uses the elongated shape of the profile and simplifies the means for moving the laser beam.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, ledit faisceau laser est perpendiculaire ou sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface du profilé métallique comportant le motif à réaliser.According to an advantageous characteristic, said laser beam is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the metal section comprising the pattern to be produced.

L'invention se rapporte en outre à un profilé métallique obtenu selon un procédé suivant l'invention, et plus particulièrement à un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, sur une surface extérieure de celui-ci, un motif comprenant une poudre frittée qui s'étend sur une première partie de ladite surface extérieure ayant une superficie inférieure à celle de ladite surface extérieure, la deuxième partie de ladite surface extérieure du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium qui est complémentaire de ladite première partie pour former la superficie complète de ladite surface extérieure, comportant un revêtement formé d'une couche d'oxyde anodique.The invention furthermore relates to a metal profile obtained according to a method according to the invention, and more particularly to an aluminum-based metal profile characterized in that it comprises, on an outer surface thereof, a pattern comprising a sintered powder which extends over a first portion of said outer surface having a surface area less than that of said outer surface, the second portion of said outer surface of the aluminum-based metal profile which is complementary to said first portion to form the entire surface of said outer surface, having a coating formed of an anodic oxide layer .

Le profilé selon l'invention offre une pluralité de finitions possibles grâce à la représentation d'un motif déterminé selon les besoins, par exemple un motif esthétique, combinée avec la protection par couche d'oxyde anodique pour les surfaces ne comportant pas de motif réalisé au moyen d'une poudre frittée.The profile according to the invention offers a plurality of possible finishes through the representation of a pattern determined as required, for example an aesthetic pattern, combined with the anodic oxide layer protection for surfaces having no pattern made by means of a sintered powder.

D'autres caractéristiques apparaîtront à la lecture qui suit d'exemples de mode de réalisation d'un procédé et de profilés selon l'invention, accompagnée des dessins annexés, exemples donnés à titre illustratif non limitatif.Other characteristics will become apparent on reading the following examples of embodiment of a method and profiles according to the invention, accompanied by the accompanying drawings, examples given by way of non-limiting illustration.

La figure 1 représente un schéma synoptique d'un exemple de mode de réalisation d'un procédé de finition anodisée d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium avec motif.The figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an anodized finishing process of a patterned aluminum metal profile.

Les figures 2 à 6 représentent cinq vues en coupe schématique, prises dans l'épaisseur à la surface du profilé sur laquelle le motif est réalisé, suivant cinq étapes du procédé de finition anodisée selon la figure 1.The Figures 2 to 6 are five schematic sectional views, taken in the thickness at the surface of the profile on which the pattern is made, according to five steps of the anodized finishing process according to the figure 1 .

Les figures 7 à 13 représentent des vues en perspective de plusieurs exemples de profilés selon l'invention comportant des motifs réalisés sur des profilés selon un procédé suivant l'invention, lesdits profilés étant intégrés dans des châssis d'ouvrant représentés de manière partielle.The Figures 7 to 13 are perspective views of several examples of profiles according to the invention comprising patterns made on profiles according to a method according to the invention, said profiles being integrated into sash frames partially represented.

Le procédé représenté de manière synoptique sur la figure 1, ainsi que sur les figures 2 à 6, comprend avantageusement au moins les étapes suivantes :

  • de préférence procéder au moins à une opération de décapage mécanique 1, par exemple à un grenaillage de manière connue à partir d'un profilé métallique 10 brut issu d'une filière d'extrusion,
  • déposer 2 ensuite une couche de revêtement 16 comprenant au moins une substance en poudre mélangée à de l'eau, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif 11 doit être réalisé, comme représenté sur la figure 2 ; ce dépôt peut par exemple être réalisé par pulvérisation au moyen d'un pistolet ou analogue ; de préférence, seule la surface destinée à porter le motif 11 sera revêtue de la couche de revêtement,
  • sécher 3 de préférence la couche de revêtement après l'avoir déposé sur le profilé, par exemple au moyen d'un flux d'air chaud ; à ce stade du procédé, le profilé métallique passe de préférence à l'étape suivante, mais peut être stocké 4 pendant une durée relativement longue, selon les besoins, pouvant aller jusqu'à quelques mois, avant de procéder à ladite étape suivante,
  • balayer 5, après séchage et éventuellement stockage 4 du profilé, ladite couche de revêtement 16 au moyen d'un faisceau laser selon un déplacement déterminé, de préférence programmé du faisceau laser, correspondant au motif 11 à réaliser sur la surface du profilé métallique 10 à base d'aluminium, afin de fritter ladite substance en poudre sur le profilé 10 suivant le motif 11 à réaliser, comme représenté sur la figure 3,
  • nettoyer 6 ensuite la surface du profilé métallique 10 à base d'aluminium afin de supprimer la couche de revêtement 16 sur les parties non balayées par le faisceau laser, et de laisser le motif 11 fritté, comme représenté en coupe sur la figure 4 ; ce nettoyage peut être réalisé par simple brossage du profilé et de préférence aspiration des résidus de brossage,
  • procéder ensuite et de préférence à un décapage chimique léger ou satinage 7, en immergeant le profilé 10 comportant le motif 11 dans un bain de satinage conventionnel, de préférence durant un temps limité réduit, comme représenté sur la figure 5,
  • immerger enfin le profilé dans un ou plusieurs bains d'anodisation 8, de manière conventionnelle, afin de former sur sa surface en contact avec le ou les bains une couche 15 d'oxydation anodique, selon la finition d'anodisation recherchée, comme représenté sur la figure 6,
  • de préférence, procéder à un colmatage 9 de la couche d'oxydation anodique, en immergeant le profilé dans un bain d'eau à température élevée.
The method represented synoptically on the figure 1 , as well as on Figures 2 to 6 , advantageously comprises at least the following steps:
  • preferably carry out at least one mechanical etching operation 1, for example a shot blasting in known manner from a raw metal section 10 from an extrusion die,
  • depositing then a coating layer 16 comprising at least one powder substance mixed with water, on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, on which a pattern 11 is to be made, as shown in FIG. figure 2 ; this deposit can for example be made by spraying by means of a pistol or the like; preferably, only the surface intended to bear the pattern 11 will be coated with the coating layer,
  • preferably drying the coating layer after having deposited it on the profile, for example by means of a flow of hot air; at this stage of the process, the metal section preferably passes to the next step, but can be stored for a relatively long time, as needed, up to a few months, before proceeding to the next step,
  • 5, after drying and optionally storage 4 of the profile, said coating layer 16 by means of a laser beam according to a determined displacement, preferably programmed, of the laser beam, corresponding to the pattern 11 to be produced on the surface of the metal section 10 to aluminum base, in order to sinter said powdery substance on the profile 10 according to the pattern 11 to be produced, as shown in FIG. figure 3 ,
  • then cleaning the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile 10 to remove the coating layer 16 on the non-scanned portions by the laser beam, and leaving the sintered pattern 11 as shown in section on the figure 4 ; this cleaning can be achieved by simply brushing the profile and preferably aspiration brushing residues,
  • proceed then and preferably to a light chemical etching or satin 7, immersing the profile 10 having the pattern 11 in a conventional satin bath, preferably for a limited limited time, as shown on the figure 5 ,
  • finally immersing the profile in one or more anodizing baths 8, in a conventional manner, so as to form on its surface in contact with the bath or baths an anodic oxidation layer 15, according to the desired anodizing finish, as shown in FIG. the figure 6 ,
  • preferably, clogging the anodic oxidation layer 9, immersing the profile in a bath of water at high temperature.

Selon l'exemple ci-dessus, comme indiqué, la réalisation du motif 11 s'intercale entre des opérations de la phase préparatoire à la phase d'anodisation. Cette phase préparatoire comprend avantageusement une étape de traitement mécanique qui précède directement l'étape consistant à déposer une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif 11 doit être réalisé. Le grenaillage est un exemple de traitement de décapage mécanique particulièrement approprié selon l'invention, et consiste en une projection à grande vitesse de microbilles d'acier sur la surface du profilé. Le traitement de décapage mécanique est important dans l'exemple décrit en raison d'un traitement de décapage chimique de durée réduite comme cela sera expliqué plus loin.According to the example above, as indicated, the realization of the pattern 11 is intercalated between operations of the preparatory phase to the anodization phase. This preparatory phase advantageously comprises a mechanical treatment step which directly precedes the step of depositing a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance, on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, on which a pattern 11 is to be made. Shot peening is an example of a particularly suitable mechanical pickling treatment according to the invention, and consists of a high-speed projection of steel microbeads on the surface of the profile. The mechanical etching treatment is important in the example described because of a chemical etching treatment of reduced duration as will be explained later.

De préférence, la substance en poudre comprend au moins une poudre minérale, de préférence une poudre céramique, par exemple une poudre verrière mélangée avec des pigments. La poudre ainsi obtenue est mélangée avec de l'eau jusqu'à obtenir un mélange suffisamment fluide pour être pulvérisé avec un pistolet. La poudre mélangée à l'eau peut être répartie à la surface considérée du profilé à raison d'une couche 16 relativement fine de l'ordre de 4 mg par cm2 en moyenne et par exemple. La quantité de mélange poudre/eau pulvérisée par unité de surface du profilé 10 doit être suffisante pour recouvrir toute la surface, appréciée par exemple à la vue. Il est à noter que d'autres natures de poudre, par exemple des poudres métalliques, peuvent être utilisées selon le procédé suivant l'invention avec des résultats cependant moins satisfaisants qu'avec les poudres minérales.Preferably, the powder substance comprises at least one mineral powder, preferably a ceramic powder, for example a glass powder mixed with pigments. The powder thus obtained is mixed with water until a mixture sufficiently fluid to be sprayed with a gun. The powder mixed with water can be distributed to the surface area of the profile with a relatively thin layer 16 of the order of 4 mg per cm2 on average and for example. The amount of powder / water spray mixture per unit area of the profile 10 should be sufficient to cover the entire surface, appreciated for example in view. It should be noted that other types of powder, for example metal powders, can be used according to the process according to the invention with results however less satisfactory than with mineral powders.

Le séchage est réalisé par exemple au moyen d'un flux d'air, chaud de préférence, afin de réduire le temps de séchage. Le temps de séchage peut être de l'ordre de quelques secondes, une dizaine par exemple, dans le cas d'un flux d'air chaud. Pour et lors du stockage 4 le cas échéant, le revêtement 16 ne doit pas être manipulé avec des doigts par exemple, et plus généralement ne doit pas être souillé en vue d'une meilleure efficacité ultérieure du balayage laser et d'une meilleure qualité, homogénéité, et durabilité du motif 11 obtenu.The drying is carried out for example by means of a flow of air, preferably hot, in order to reduce the drying time. The drying time can be of the order of a few seconds, ten for example, in the case of a hot air flow. For and during storage 4 if necessary, the coating 16 should not be handled with fingers, for example, and more generally should not be soiled for better subsequent laser scanning and better quality, homogeneity, and durability of the pattern 11 obtained.

L'étape consistant à balayer ladite couche 16 de revêtement au moyen d'un faisceau laser (non représenté) consiste de préférence à balayer transversalement le profilé métallique 10 avec le faisceau laser, et à balayer longitudinalement le profilé métallique 10 par un déplacement longitudinal de ce dernier. Le faisceau laser est préférentiellement perpendiculaire ou sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface du profilé métallique 10 comportant le motif 11 à réaliser.The step of sweeping said coating layer 16 by means of a laser beam (not shown) is preferably transversely scanning the metal section 10 with the laser beam, and longitudinally scanning the metal section 10 by a longitudinal displacement of this last. The laser beam is preferably perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the metal section 10 comprising the pattern 11 to achieve.

L'étape de frittage consiste à cuire la poudre à l'aide d'un faisceau laser, sur une surface correspondant au motif 11 à réaliser. Un laser convenant au procédé selon l'invention est par exemple un laser « Ytterbium 50 Watts ». La température de chauffe du revêtement est de l'ordre de 1000 °C. Lors du frittage, il n'y a pas fusion complète de la poudre pour éviter d'altérer le support. Comme représenté sur les figures 3 à 6, lors du frittage, il a été constaté qu'une couche 14 mince de zone mixte aluminium et céramique se forme dans le profilé 10 à la jonction de la couche de revêtement 16 et du profilé 10. Le motif 11 que l'on souhaite réaliser est préparé de manière informatique sous la forme d'un fichier de données définissant le motif à réaliser.The sintering step consists of baking the powder with the aid of a laser beam, on a surface corresponding to the pattern 11 to be produced. A laser suitable for the process according to the invention is for example a laser "Ytterbium 50 Watts". The heating temperature of the coating is of the order of 1000 ° C. When sintering, there is no complete melting of the powder to avoid altering the support. As shown on Figures 3 to 6 during sintering, it has been found that a thin layer 14 of mixed aluminum and ceramic zone is formed in the profile 10 at the junction of the coating layer 16 and the profile 10. The pattern 11 that it is desired to achieve is prepared in computer form in the form of a data file defining the pattern to be produced.

Le fichier est récupéré par un logiciel dédié, par exemple le logiciel « Laser3000 », qui pilote le déplacement de la tête laser et/ou le déplacement longitudinal du profilé, selon plusieurs options possibles :

  • une première option consiste à contrôler le déplacement transversal et longitudinal de la tête laser sur la longueur du profilé, le profilé étant fixe,
  • une autre option consiste à déplacer le profilé longitudinalement pas-à-pas sur la longueur du motif, le logiciel pilotant le déplacement transversal de la tête laser lors de chaque arrêt du profilé ; le pas de déplacement du profilé est déterminé en fonction de la largeur du faisceau laser au point d'impact sur le motif, de telle sorte que le frittage de la poudre soit continu sur la longueur du motif ; lorsque le frittage est achevé on avance le profilé d'un pas, et ainsi de suite sur la longueur du motif.
The file is recovered by a dedicated software, for example the "Laser3000" software, which controls the movement of the laser head and / or the longitudinal displacement of the profile, according to several possible options:
  • a first option is to control the transverse and longitudinal displacement of the laser head over the length of the profile, the section being fixed,
  • another option is to move the profile longitudinally step-by-step over the length of the pattern, the software driving the transverse displacement of the laser head at each stop of the profile; the step of movement of the profile is determined according to the width of the laser beam at the point of impact on the pattern, so that the sintering of the powder is continuous over the length of the pattern; when the sintering is complete the profile is advanced one step, and so on the length of the pattern.

De manière industrielle, la première option est préférée.In an industrial manner, the first option is preferred.

Le faisceau laser vient ainsi cuire la poudre céramique utilisée dans l'exemple, à l'endroit du motif 11 tout au long du profilé. La précision obtenue est de l'ordre de 100 µm (micromètres) par exemple, avec un diamètre du point laser focalisé au niveau du motif 11 de la même valeur ou sensiblement de la même valeur.The laser beam thus fires the ceramic powder used in the example, at the location of the pattern 11 throughout the profile. The precision obtained is of the order of 100 μm (micrometers) for example, with a laser dot diameter focused at the pattern 11 of the same value or substantially the same value.

Le nettoyage 6 ultérieur au frittage consiste à supprimer le revêtement 16 de poudre céramique qui n'a pas été cuit par l'opération de frittage 5, c'est-à-dire aux endroits qui ne font pas partie du motif 11 recherché.Subsequent cleaning after sintering consists of removing the coating 16 of ceramic powder which has not been cooked by the sintering operation 5, that is to say at the places which are not part of the desired pattern 11.

Le satinage 7 qui fait suite au frittage 5 et précède l'anodisation 8, dans l'exemple décrit, peut être avantageusement réalisé dans un bain conventionnel de satinage utilisé dans le cadre d'une procédure d'anodisation conventionnelle. À cet effet, un tel bain de satinage est par exemple réalisé à base de soude et d'agents complexants conventionnels. Un exemple de caractéristiques du bain de satinage est donné comme suit : soude = 80 g/l et aluminium = 130 g/l; température = 60 °C; pH = 14. La différence avec un satinage conventionnel réside dans le temps d'immersion qui est, dans le cadre de l'invention, réduit à quelques minutes, par exemple d'une durée comprise entre 2 et 10 minutes, de préférence de l'ordre de 5 minutes, au lieu des 25 minutes généralement appliquées dans le cadre d'un satinage conventionnel. Comme représenté sur la figure 5, le satinage 7 provoque une suppression de la couche superficielle du profilé 10 à base d'aluminium sur sa surface en contact avec le bain. Le profilé 10 n'est pas attaqué sous la surface du motif 11 qui constitue une couche d'isolation vis-à-vis du bain de satinage. L'épaisseur de matière enlevée par le satinage sera avantageusement déterminée de telle sorte que la surface libre du motif 11 reste de préférence en relief par rapport à la surface libre de la couche 15 d'oxydation anodique ultérieure. Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 5, l'épaisseur enlevée de profilé est telle qu'elle met à nu la tranche de la couche 14 mixte, comme représenté.The satin 7 which follows the sintering 5 and precedes the anodization 8, in the example described, can be advantageously carried out in a conventional satin bath used in the context of a conventional anodizing procedure. For this purpose, such a satin bath is for example made of soda and conventional complexing agents. An example of characteristics of the satin bath is given as follows: soda = 80 g / l and aluminum = 130 g / l; temperature = 60 ° C; pH = 14. The difference with a conventional satin lies in the immersion time which is, in the context of the invention, reduced to a few minutes, for example of a duration of between 2 and 10 minutes, preferably 5 minutes, instead of the 25 minutes generally applied in the context of a conventional satin. As shown on the figure 5 , the satin 7 causes a removal of the surface layer of the aluminum profile 10 on its surface in contact with the bath. The profile 10 is not etched under the surface of the pattern 11 which constitutes an insulation layer vis-à-vis the satin bath. The thickness of material removed by the satin is advantageously determined so that the free surface of the pattern 11 preferably remains in relief relative to the free surface of the subsequent anodic oxidation layer. In the example shown on the figure 5 , the removed profile thickness is such that it exposes the wafer of the mixed layer 14, as shown.

L'anodisation 8 se fait de manière conventionnelle, dans des bains d'anodisation, notamment en fonction de la couleur et de l'épaisseur de la couche 15 d'anodisation qui sont recherchées, comme représenté sur la figure 6, et ne sera donc pas décrite plus en détail ici. Le motif 11 à base de poudre frittée est résistant aux bains d'anodisation et empêche la réaction d'anodisation sur la surface du profilé 10 qui est située au-dessous du motif 11, en évitant à cette surface un contact avec le liquide des bains.Anodization 8 is conventionally carried out in anodizing baths, in particular according to the desired color and thickness of the anodizing layer, as shown in FIG. figure 6 , and will not be described in more detail here. The sintered powder-based pattern 11 is resistant to the anodizing baths and prevents the anodizing reaction on the surface of the profile 10 which is located below the pattern 11, avoiding contact with the bath liquid at this surface. .

Le colmatage 9 de la couche 15 d'oxydation anodique afin de favoriser une bonne tenue à la corrosion de cette couche se fait avantageusement de manière conventionnelle, par exemple soit à la vapeur, soit en immergeant le profilé anodisé et comportant le motif dans un bain d'eau à température élevée, par exemple bouillante ou en ébullition, ce qui a pour effet d'accélérer la cinétique de réaction. Un colmatage aux sels de nickel peut être pratiqué, qui outre l'hydratation de la couche d'anodisation, produit une précipitation d'hydroxyde de nickel à l'intérieur des pores qui permet d'en améliorer la fermeture.The clogging 9 of the anodic oxidation layer 15 in order to promote a good resistance to corrosion of this layer is advantageously in a conventional manner, for example either by steaming or by immersing the anodized profile and having the pattern in a bath water at high temperature, for example boiling or boiling, which has the effect of accelerating the kinetics of reaction. A clogging with nickel salts can be practiced, which in addition to the hydration of the anodizing layer, a nickel hydroxide precipitation occurs inside the pores which makes it possible to improve the closure thereof.

À titre d'exemple, la couche de revêtement de poudre peut adopter une épaisseur comprise entre 10 et 15 µm (micromètres) après frittage, la couche 14 mixte d'aluminium et de céramique ayant été constatée selon l'exemple décrit d'une épaisseur de l'ordre de 5 µm (micromètres). La couche supprimée de profilé 10, dans le bain de satinage 7, a par exemple une épaisseur de l'ordre de 10 µm (micromètres). La couche 15 d'oxydation anodique, qui pénètre légèrement à la surface du profilé laissée libre par le bain d'anodisation, a une épaisseur totale dans l'exemple de l'ordre de 20 µm (micromètres). Le motif 11 se trouve ainsi dans l'exemple légèrement en relief à la surface du profilé 10 anodisé, de quelques micromètres. La couche d'anodisation 15 recouvre avantageusement au moins la tranche de la couche mixte 14 aluminium et céramique. De manière alternative, il est possible de faire en sorte que la surface libre de la couche d'anodisation soit située au-dessus du niveau de la surface libre du motif en sorte que ce dernier se retrouve in fine en creux par rapport à l'anodisation.By way of example, the powder coating layer may adopt a thickness of between 10 and 15 μm (micrometers) after sintering, the mixed aluminum and ceramic layer 14 having been observed according to the described example of a thickness of the order of 5 microns (micrometers). The layer removed from the profile 10, in the satin bath 7, has for example a thickness of the order of 10 microns (micrometers). The anodic oxidation layer, which penetrates slightly to the surface of the profile left free by the anodizing bath, has a total thickness in the example of the order of 20 microns (micrometers). The pattern 11 is thus in the example slightly raised on the surface of the anodized section, a few micrometers. The anodization layer 15 advantageously covers at least the edge of the mixed layer 14 aluminum and ceramic. Alternatively, it is possible to ensure that the free surface of the anodizing layer is located above the level of the free surface of the pattern so that the latter is ultimately recessed relative to the anodizing.

Les figures 7 à 13 montrent des exemples de motifs réalisés selon l'exemple de procédé décrit ci-dessus sur des profilés selon l'invention. À l'exception des figures 11 et 13 qui représentent des vues en perspective du profilé seul, les figures 7, 8, 9, et 10 représentent un angle inférieur d'un châssis de fermeture d'ouverture de bâtiment, comportant un ouvrant et un dormant. La figure 12 montre une traverse inférieure de châssis.The Figures 7 to 13 show examples of patterns made according to the example method described above on profiles according to the invention. With the exception of Figures 11 and 13 which represent perspective views of the profile alone, Figures 7, 8, 9 , and 10 represent a lower angle of a building opening closure frame, comprising an opening and a frame. The figure 12 shows a lower chassis beam.

Il est affecté une référence unique 10 pour le profilé suivant l'invention quel que soit le motif représenté, et quelle que soit la figure considérée, et une référence unique 11 pour le motif représenté quel qu'il soit. Chaque motif 11 est représenté sur les figures en noir sur un profilé 10 représenté sur fond gris, uniquement dans un but de contraste de représentation, et constitue un motif 11 qui s'étend par exemple de manière longitudinale sur la longueur du profilé 10 et de préférence sur une face visible plane du profilé.It is assigned a unique reference 10 for the profile according to the invention regardless of the pattern shown, and regardless of the figure considered, and a unique reference 11 for the pattern represented whatever it is. Each pattern 11 is shown in the black figures on a profile 10 shown on a gray background, solely for the purpose of contrasting representation, and constitutes a pattern 11 which extends for example longitudinally along the length of the profile 10 and preferably on a flat visible face of the profile.

Un motif 11 peut être composé d'une séquence d'une longueur donnée très inférieure à la longueur du profilé, ladite séquence étant reproduite plusieurs fois sur la longueur du profilé 10, ou être original sur l'étendue de cette longueur. Selon l'esthétique recherchée, le motif peut adopter des représentations diverses et être constitué par exemple de traits et de points combinés (figure 7), ou exclusivement de points assemblés par exemple de manière géométrique (figure 8 sur laquelle le dessin du motif 11 a été représenté en outre vue de face en surimpression sur la figure). Le motif 11 peut également être constitué de tronçons de fil courbe adjacents (figure 9), ou de points répartis de manière aléatoire (figure 10), ou de traits droits qui se croisent (figure 11), ou encore de figures géométriques (triangles - figures 12 et 13). Dans les exemples représentés, le motif 11 apparaît sur un profilé 10 constitutif de l'ouvrant, mais un motif similaire ou différent peut être réalisé également sur le profilé constitutif du dormant. Un choix de motifs à l'infini peut être proposé pour un profilé et associé à celui-ci selon le procédé suivant l'invention.A pattern 11 may be composed of a sequence of a given length much shorter than the length of the profile, said sequence being reproduced several times over the length of the section 10, or be original over the extent of this length. Depending on the aesthetics sought, the pattern may adopt various representations and be composed for example of lines and points combined ( figure 7 ), or exclusively of points assembled for example geometrically ( figure 8 on which the design of the pattern 11 has been shown in addition to the front view superimposed on the figure). The pattern 11 may also consist of adjacent curved wire sections ( figure 9 ), or points distributed randomly ( figure 10 ), or straight lines that intersect ( figure 11 ), or geometric figures (triangles - Figures 12 and 13 ). In the examples shown, the pattern 11 appears on a profile 10 constituting the opening, but a similar or different pattern can be made also on the constituent section of the frame. A choice of patterns to infinity can be proposed for a section and associated with it according to the method according to the invention.

Les figures 7 à 13 montrent un profilé 10 métallique à base d'aluminium selon l'invention comportant sur une surface extérieure de celui-ci, un motif 11 comprenant une poudre frittée qui s'étend sur une première 12 partie de cette surface extérieure, avantageusement d'extension longitudinale correspondant à la longueur du profilé et ayant une superficie inférieure à celle de ladite surface extérieure. La deuxième 13 partie de ladite surface extérieure du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium qui est complémentaire de la première 12 partie pour former la superficie complète de ladite surface extérieure, comportant un revêtement de protection formé d'une couche d'oxyde anodique. Dans les exemples représentés, la surface extérieure en question correspond à la face principale du profilé constitutif du montant qui est exposée à la vue. Cette face principale s'étend dans un plan parallèle au plan du châssis.The Figures 7 to 13 show an aluminum-based metal profile according to the invention having on an outer surface thereof a pattern 11 comprising a sintered powder which extends over a first part of this outer surface, advantageously of longitudinal extension. corresponding to the length of the profile and having a smaller area than said outer surface. The second portion of said outer surface of the aluminum-based metal profile which is complementary to the first portion to form the entire surface of said outer surface, having a protective coating formed of an anodic oxide layer. In the examples shown, the outer surface in question corresponds to the main face of the section constituting the amount that is exposed to the view. This main face extends in a plane parallel to the plane of the frame.

Le procédé selon l'invention peut être appliqué à tout profilé métallique à base d'aluminium.The process according to the invention can be applied to any aluminum-based metal profile.

Claims (13)

Procédé de finition anodisée d'un profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, comprenant les étapes suivantes : - préparer (1) la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium pour au moins un bain d'anodisation, - immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation (8), afin de former sur sa surface en contact avec le bain une couche d'oxydation anodique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre les étapes suivantes insérées avant l'étape consistant à immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation : - déposer (2) une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé, - balayer (5) ladite couche de revêtement au moyen d'un faisceau laser selon un déplacement déterminé dudit faisceau laser, correspondant au motif à réaliser sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, afin de fritter ladite substance en poudre sur le profilé suivant le motif à réaliser, - nettoyer (6) la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium afin de supprimer ladite couche de revêtement sur les parties non balayées par ledit faisceau laser. Process for anodized finishing of an aluminum-based metal profile, comprising the following steps: - preparing (1) the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath, - Immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath (8), to form on its surface in contact with the bath an anodic oxidation layer, characterized in that it further comprises the following steps inserted before the step of immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath: depositing (2) a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance, on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, on which a pattern must be produced, - scanning (5) said coating layer by means of a laser beam according to a determined movement of said laser beam, corresponding to the pattern to be made on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile, in order to sinter said powder substance on the profile according to the pattern to be made, - Cleaning (6) the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile to remove said coating layer on the non-scanned portions by said laser beam. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à déposer (2) une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé, consiste à déposer ladite substance en poudre mélangée à de l'eau.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of depositing (2) a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made is to deposit said substance powder mixed with water. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une étape consistant à sécher (3) ladite couche de revêtement après l'avoir déposé sur la surface du profilé métallique sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé.Method according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a step of drying (3) said coating layer after having deposited on the surface of the metal section on which a pattern is to be made. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite substance en poudre comprend au moins une poudre minérale.Process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said powder substance comprises at least one mineral powder. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite poudre minérale est une poudre céramique.Process according to claim 4, characterized in that said mineral powder is a ceramic powder. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à immerger le profilé dans au moins un bain d'anodisation (8), afin de former sur sa surface une couche d'oxydation anodique, est précédée d'une étape de satinage (7) chimique du profilé qui est postérieure à l'étape de frittage (5).Process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the step of immersing the profile in at least one anodizing bath (8), in order to form on its surface an anodic oxidation layer, is preceded by a chemical finishing step (7) of the profile which is subsequent to the sintering step (5). Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à préparer (1) la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium pour au moins un bain d'anodisation, comprend une étape de traitement mécanique qui précède directement l'étape consistant à déposer (2) une couche de revêtement comprenant au moins une substance en poudre, sur la surface du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium, sur laquelle un motif doit être réalisé.Process according to claim 6, characterized in that the step of preparing (1) the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile for at least one anodizing bath comprises a mechanical treatment step which directly precedes the step depositing (2) a coating layer comprising at least one powdery substance on the surface of the aluminum-based metal profile on which a pattern is to be made. Procédé selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite étape de satinage chimique (7) consiste à immerger le profilé métallique à base d'aluminium dans un bain contenant la solution de satinage, pendant une durée comprise entre 2 et 10 minutes.Process according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that said chemical saturation step (7) consists in immersing the aluminum-based metal profile in a bath containing the satin solution for a period of between 2 and 10 minutes. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre une étape consistant à stabiliser par colmatage (9) la couche d'oxydation anodique formée par immersion du profilé métallique dans au moins un bain d'anodisation (8).Process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises a step of stabilizing by clogging (9) the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersion of the metal profile in at least one bath of anodizing (8). Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à stabiliser par colmatage (9) la couche d'oxydation anodique formée par immersion du profilé métallique dans au moins un bain d'anodisation (8) consiste à immerger ledit profilé dans un bain d'eau à température élevée.Process according to Claim 9, characterized in that the step consisting in stabilizing, by clogging (9), the anodic oxidation layer formed by immersing the metal profile in at least one anodizing bath (8) consists in immersing the said profile in a bath of water at high temperature. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à balayer (5) ladite couche de revêtement au moyen d'un faisceau laser consiste à balayer transversalement le profilé métallique avec ledit faisceau laser, et à balayer longitudinalement le profilé métallique par un déplacement longitudinal de ce dernier.A method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the step of scanning (5) said coating layer by means of a laser beam is to scan transversely the metal section with said laser beam, and to longitudinally sweep the metal section by a longitudinal displacement of the latter. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que ledit faisceau laser est perpendiculaire ou sensiblement perpendiculaire à la surface du profilé métallique comportant le motif à réaliser.Process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said laser beam is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the surface of the metal section comprising the pattern to be produced. Profilé (10) métallique à base d'aluminium obtenu selon un procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, sur une surface extérieure de celui-ci, un motif (11) comprenant une poudre frittée qui s'étend sur une première (12) partie de ladite surface extérieure ayant une superficie inférieure à celle de ladite surface extérieure, la deuxième (13) partie de ladite surface extérieure du profilé métallique à base d'aluminium qui est complémentaire de ladite première (12) partie pour former la superficie complète de ladite surface extérieure, comportant un revêtement formé d'une couche d'oxyde anodique.Aluminum-based metal profile (10) obtained according to a method according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises, on an outer surface thereof, a pattern (11) comprising a powder sintered which extends on a first (12) portion of said outer surface having a smaller area than said outer surface, the second (13) portion of said outer surface of the aluminum-based metal profile which is complementary to said first (12) portion to form the entire surface of said outer surface, comprising a coating formed of an anodic oxide layer.
EP12352004.1A 2011-10-26 2012-10-18 Method for anodised finishing of an aluminium metal profile section with a pattern, and profile section thus obtained. Active EP2586894B1 (en)

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Citations (8)

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US20060054507A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing porous body
US20060219568A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Microstructure
EP1862569A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2007-12-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Surface-treated light alloy member and method for manufacturing same
US20080003411A1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-03 Joseph Hunter Aluminum lithographic substrate and method of making
DE102007028741A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Production of a printed material comprises forming a micro-structured surface on a support by electrolytic oxidation of aluminum and coating the surface using a sol-gel process
US20080024742A1 (en) * 2006-07-26 2008-01-31 Tadahiro Ohmi Substrate stage and heat treatment apparatus
US20110048958A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Methods of reducing surface roughness and improving oxide coating thickness uniformity for anodized aluminum-silicon alloys

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020109134A1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2002-08-15 Tatsuya Iwasaki Nano-structures, process for preparing nano-structures and devices
US20060054507A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Method for producing porous body
EP1862569A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2007-12-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Surface-treated light alloy member and method for manufacturing same
US20060219568A1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-05 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Microstructure
US20080003411A1 (en) * 2006-06-29 2008-01-03 Joseph Hunter Aluminum lithographic substrate and method of making
DE102007028741A1 (en) * 2006-07-12 2008-01-17 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Production of a printed material comprises forming a micro-structured surface on a support by electrolytic oxidation of aluminum and coating the surface using a sol-gel process
US20080024742A1 (en) * 2006-07-26 2008-01-31 Tadahiro Ohmi Substrate stage and heat treatment apparatus
US20110048958A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Methods of reducing surface roughness and improving oxide coating thickness uniformity for anodized aluminum-silicon alloys

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ES2448423T3 (en) 2014-03-13
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EP2586894B1 (en) 2013-12-04

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