EP2582908A2

EP2582908A2 - Method and apparatus for closing or securing a well

Info

Publication number: EP2582908A2
Application number: EP11729561.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Edmond D. Krecke
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-06-21
Filing date: 2011-06-20
Publication date: 2013-04-24
Also published as: BR112012032808A2; US8888407B2; WO2011160801A3; WO2011160801A2; US20120027519A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for sealing a well from which oil escapes in an uncontrolled manner. According to the invention, the hull of a ship is filled with cement, and the cement material is lowered around a cone-shaped pipe such that the cone-shaped pipe is simultaneously fastened and sealed.

Description

Method and device for closing or securing a borehole

Description :

Field of the invention:

The invention relates to a method for closing and / or securing a subterranean borehole and a device for closing or securing a submerged surface

Borehole.

Background of the invention:

In the promotion of natural resources on Earth is increasingly resorting to so-called offshore techniques and thus exploited ever deeper oil wells by deep sea drilling, sometimes with depths far below 1000 m.

In particular, the events on the oil rig

"Deepwater Horizon" have shown that such

Deepwater wells are associated with high risks and that it is difficult to close wells from which uncontrollably a fluid, especially oil escapes. Firstly, the great depth generally makes sealing work difficult. On the other hand, the oil often comes out of the borehole at high pressure, so that even with a solid bell it is not possible to seal the borehole in one go.

Known methods for closing wells are usually, as for example in the European

Patent EP 1067758 Bl is described on the

1

CONFIRMATION COPY Closing of regularly formed test holes designed and not suitable to close a larger hole from which uncontrolled oil escapes.

Keeping larger devices, with which even large holes can be safely closed, is

due to the size required for such a bell, for example, hardly possible and would cost immense

cause.

Object of the invention:

The invention is based on the object to provide a simple, cost-effective method with which even larger holes from which uncontrollably oil escapes, can be safely closed or secured.

Summary of the invention:

The invention is already known by a method for

Closing a well below the surface of the water and a device for closing and / or securing a well according to one of

solved independent claims.

On the one hand, the invention relates to a method for

Closing and / or securing one under the

Water surface lying opening, from which

Uncontrolled, a fluid, especially petroleum leaks. Preferably, the invention is used for closing and / or securing boreholes in petroleum production. But also a use for other leaks,

for example, to oil or gas lines is conceivable. Also for emerging from boreholes gas, especially natural gas, the invention can be used. Next is also a use for precaution or for use in drilling conceivable in which the invention can be retrofitted and / or as equipment and / or supplement of new

Holes. In particular, an application in the field of promoting gas hydrates is conceivable.

If, for the sake of simplicity, the term borehole is used below, this is in the sense of

Invention means any under the water surface opening, so also in the form of a defective pipe, etc. meant.

In particular, the inventive method is for

Closing regular wells set by an offshore platform to extract the oil from the oil field.

According to the method, first a ship in which a vertical pipe passes through the ship's floor is placed above the borehole. For the purposes of the invention, a ship is understood to mean any buoyant body.

In particular, load cranes and platforms as well

regular hulls, which usually also include a keel, are used. It is also conceivable that the ship is made of one buoyant and one not

buoyant part exists. For example, a non-buoyant container from a catamaran over the Borehole be positioned. The ship may also be referred to as a retractable body.

In particular, it is provided to use an older, discarded hull to reduce costs, as will be explained in more detail below.

Through the bottom of the ship passes a vertical pipe or a substantially vertical pipe or a

preferably vertical tube, which is open at the bottom and which is formed over the well, from the

Uncontrolled petroleum leaks to be set.

For the purposes of the invention, a tube means any device which is at least partially tubular, for example a reverse funnel

bell-shaped device etc.

The vertical pipe is a pipe that runs transversely to the ground on which the ship is to be placed. The tube is vertically arranged so that in particular the oil can be passed through the tube from bottom to top. The tube can also be arranged inclined to the ground or to the vertical. In particular, a vertical pipe is also understood to mean a pipe which extends from the underside of the ship through the hull of the ship to the top of the ship, for example from the keel to the deck.

The ship or a part of the ship is filled with a hardenable mass. In particular, it is intended to fill the ship with liquid cement. Preferably are added to this cement for reinforcement fibers or wires.

In an alternative embodiment of the method, it is also conceivable, the ship first with a

dry mass, such as dry cement powder to fill and a cement-water mixture, for example by introducing seawater, in the hull on-site

Mix. This variant has the advantage that no other ships for filling the liquid

Cement mass must be provided.

On the other hand, this usually needs to be done in the

Hull mixing devices such as stirrers may be present to provide a sufficiently homogeneous mass.

The ship or the separable part of the ship is sunk over the wellbore so that the vertical pipe touches down on the wellbore. For this purpose, the vertical tube preferably comprises a cone in the lower region, through which the diameter of the tube increases in the lower region, so that larger holes are covered. The

It can sink, as in one embodiment of the

Invention is provided simply by the fact that the ship is so weighted with the curable mass that it no longer has sufficient buoyancy.

But it is also conceivable, the ship otherwise,

for example, by flooding of floats, too

sink. Then the hardenable mass is around the pipe

distributed.

The invention is based on the finding that a very large amount of hardenable mass encloses the tube in a very simple manner with great weight and volume. Due to the preferably conical configuration and, as provided in a further embodiment of the invention, a collar, the curable composition goes with the

Curing a secure, positive connection with the pipe.

At the same time, depending on the soil, one connects

hardenable mass such as cement with the soil, so that the tube is additionally connected in addition to the bare weight material and / or positive fit with the ground.

The invention is further based on the finding that only after the partial hardening of the hardenable mass, in particular of the cement, the pipe can be closed and / or secured and now also withstand the enormous pressure of the petroleum.

The invention is based inter alia on the finding that in many cases it is not possible to close the tube or the opening, since the pressure is so high, for example, immediately a channel forms in the seabed, which also has a larger sealing device lapped.

In particular, at higher pressures can therefore on a

Closing be omitted and the invention Method is used to channel the exiting fluid. Under "Save" within the meaning of the invention is so

in particular a channeling of the fluid understood.

For this purpose, for example, a directional control valve can be used in which after placing the tube, the fluid can initially escape further. At a first closed connection of the directional valve then a line for pumping the fluid can be connected. This is easily possible because no fluid escapes from the connection of the directional control valve. Then, the directional valve can be switched so that the fluid now exits from the port which is connected to the conduit for pumping.

The opening from which the fluid exits can thus be secured without having to seal the fluid flow. This also allows securing high pressure ports. Preferably, the closing is done slowly over a

Dosing valve, so that it does not come to sudden force peaks. It may be, for example, a slide, a throttle valve or the like. Furthermore, the device can be connected with additional safety devices, such as blow-out preventers

Riser pipes for discharging the fluid, etc. be provided.

After closing the tube via a valve, a withdrawal tube can be connected to the upper end of the tube, and then by opening the valve, the oil can be removed at least partially controlled. In one embodiment of the invention, the

hardenable mass is discharged through an openable or removable frame surrounding the vertical pipe.

For example, it is envisaged to cut open a hull at the bottom and a frame in the hull

to introduce, which seals the hull in the floating state.

After sinking the ship, the frame may be opened or removed, for example by a sliding mechanism, so that the hardenable mass exits the hull around the pipe.

The hull, as provided in one embodiment of the invention, may be drained, for example, on feet, and stand so high that the

curable mass almost completely leaking from the hull. In this embodiment of the invention, you could pull up the hull again and

reuse. For this purpose, the tube would have to be separable from the hull.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the hull may also connect to the hardenable mass and thus provide additional weight which helps to close the wellbore.

The ship is preferably lowered over hawsers to prevent it from lying on its side. At a

preferred embodiment of the invention comprises

Ship sideways feet, where, as with a further embodiment of the invention is provided, a carrier is arranged, on which the hawsers

can be attached. If this construction is mounted on the outside of the ship, can be converted in a very simple way, an old ship to a device according to the invention for closing a borehole. The invention further relates to a device for closing a borehole, from which uncontrollably a fluid, in particular petroleum, emerges. The device consists of a ship's hull, which with a

curable mass, has a vertically piercing the ship's bottom tube and has means to leak the curable material around the pipe around.

The ship bottom is preferably open around the pipe and a frame is disposed around the pipe which seals the floating hull. After sinking the ship, this frame can be opened or - as provided in a further embodiment of the invention - also serve as a shaping element for the hardenable mass, so that it does not form a thin layer in a too wide area.

For this purpose, as is provided in a further embodiment of the invention, the frame can also be lowered downwards out of the hull of the ship. In a further development of the invention, the tube

heated. By heating the pipe is

especially when using the device at very great depths prevents the leaking oil in the tube after a short time solidifies, which can cause the inflowing oil builds up such a high pressure that the tube is pushed away before the curable composition

has hardened.

A hull can be used to apply large quantities of hardenable mass directly to the borehole. It is

in particular provided to fill a hull with at least 2000, preferably at least 4000 m ³ curable composition.

In order to achieve a sufficient buoyancy for transporting the hardenable mass, even with large volumes, the ship can be provided with floats. Alternatively or additionally, a hardenable mass may be used which has a density which corresponds approximately to the density of water. Preferably, the density is in a range of about 0.8 g / cm ³ to about 1.2 g / cm ^3. In particular, a lightweight concrete can be used. In one embodiment, a curable composition having a density in one

Range of 0.6 g / cm ³ to 2.4 g / cm ³ used.

The tube preferably has at the lower end a diameter of at least 1 m, preferably at least 3 m. The

Opening in the bottom of the ship, also referred to as frame, preferably has a diameter of at least 5 m. As an alternative or supplement to the above-mentioned attachment by means of the curable composition of the attachment by means of a kind of sucking or sucking on a floor, here the seabed.

Furthermore, the invention relates alternatively or additionally to the use of a suction box, which is provided in particular for use as a suction cup in a previously described method for closing an opening. The suction box is a retractable body or includes a retractable body.

In one embodiment, the suction box comprises a plurality of compartments, that is to say at least two compartments which are separate from one another, one compartment being designed to suck off a fluid, and another compartment being designed to be open at the bottom. The here referred to as suction box

Means is an assembly having at least one construction for securing and / or supporting the pipe 4 and means for fixing to the seabed.

In contrast to known bells, which are used for pumping off, for example, crude oil, a second or the further compartment, which does not serve to suck off or close off the borehole, essentially alone serves for attachment.

This is done in a preferred embodiment of the invention in that the further compartment can be evacuated with respect to the environment. In particular, the further compartment is evacuated by the water in it is pumped out. Because the inner can sink to the sinking

Compartment be filled or filled with water, for example. For example, it is provided to provide the suction box with pumps, via which the compartments, which serve the attachment and which preferably around a centrally arranged compartment for sucking off the fluid

are arranged, evacuated and so stuck to the ground. It is understood that in the context of the invention, evacuation does not mean the complete removal of a fluid from the compartments, but merely the generation of a negative pressure relative to the environment.

The pumps for evacuation are preferably arranged on the suction box itself. At lower depths, it is also conceivable to evacuate the compartments via a line. In a further development of the invention comprises the

Suction box at least one anchor. In particular

provided to provide the suction box edge side with a plurality of anchors, by means of which the suction box can also be secured to the ground.

The suction box is primarily used to seal leaks in wells or pipelines in the deep sea. But a use in shallow water is conceivable. Next is also a use for precaution in drilling conceivable in which the suction box can be retrofitted, or as equipment or supplement of new Holes. In particular, an application in the field of promoting gas hydrates is conceivable.

The basic principle of the suction box works in a similar way to the method described above for closing openings.

First, a container, which is open at the bottom and is additionally open at the top, but

can be closed, used to channel the fluid flow from a leak.

In a next step, this container is firmly and tightly connected to the seabed.

This can be done for example by the evacuation of compartments described above and / or by means of the above-described hardenable mass.

Furthermore, the suction box or container can also represent an additional securing system, for example in the case of offshore bores, since a protective cover is formed around the tube or the bore with the box.

In this case, the suction box compartments and / or openings comprise, through which drilling equipment can be performed. For example, this may be a drill or equipment such as a blow-out preventer or a riser. Should the standard system fail, the upper output of the box can be closed, for example by means of a slider, by means of a

Valve or by means of a blow-out preventer.

Next, the invention is particularly suitable to achieve a controllable promotion in gas hydrate degradation. In the vicinity of the container, the seabed can be sealed with concrete to stabilize it. Geotextiles can be used.

The invention further relates to a method for

Closing a below the water surface opening. In this case, a device which comprises a tube for sucking off a fluid, on the seabed

lowered, wherein the device comprises at least one downwardly open but upwardly closed container.

Then, the downwardly open container is evacuated from the environment, so that it sucks on the seabed. After attachment of the device, the tube can be closed and a line for pumping the fluid can be attached.

It is also conceivable to design the device according to the invention in a modular manner. For example, modules which are designed as a suction cup for sucking on the seabed are ready to provide at which more

Equipment can be attached and thus serve for their attachment. Description of the drawings:

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 based on a schematically illustrated embodiment.

The drawings show a device for closing a borehole 1 in the various operating states. Fig. 1 shows the device for closing a

Borehole 1, shown schematically, with their

essential components. The device for

Closing a borehole 1 comprises a ship's hull 2, which, as not shown here, can preferably also be formed closed at the top.

In the hull 2, a hardenable mass,

especially cement, be absorbed in large quantities. The ship's bottom 6 comprises a recess in which a frame 5 is embedded.

Approximately in the middle of this recess is a tube. 3

arranged, which has a downwardly disposed open cone. The attachment of the tube to the ship walls is not shown in detail in this embodiment.

After filling the ship srumpfes the device for closing a hole in hawsers 7 is drained, as shown in Fig. 2.

To stabilize the device for closing a borehole 1 during deflation, the hawsers 7 are at one Carrier attached, which on the outside of the

Hull is attached and which simultaneously serves to accommodate four feet 9. The device is drained so that the cone 4 is located above the wellbore.

The feet 9 ensure that the hull is aligned above the borehole.

To use the device in uneven terrain is conceivable to equip the device with adjustable feet. Fig. 3 shows now how the liquid petroleum 10 exits the tube 3. The device for closing a borehole 1 sits with its feet on the seabed (not shown). The frame 5 is now opened or lowered down so that the existing in the hull reinforced cement can escape next to the tube 3. Then, as shown in Fig. 4, the cement 12 begins to harden, whereby the pipe is securely fixed on the wellbore. Then, via a throttle valve 11 slowly the

leaking oil are stopped and a pipe 13 are connected to the pipe.

By reopening the valve 11 now the oil can be removed. As an alternative or supplement to the above-mentioned attachment by means of the curable composition according to the attachment by means of a kind of sucking or seeping on the seabed.

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a suction box 20 according to the invention or a retractable body with a suction device 3 according to the invention. The suction box 20 comprises a plurality of compartments, wherein by way of example eight outer compartments 21 are arranged around a centrally arranged inner compartment 22. Fig. 6 shows the entire suction box 20 of Fig. 5 in a cross section along the axis A-A. It will be appreciated that the inner compartment 22 in which the tube 3 is mounted is bell-shaped or like. Preferably, the inner compartment 22 has a greater height than the outer compartments 21.

The inner compartment 22 is open at the top and comprises a suction opening 23 for sucking off the fluid. The inner compartment 22 comprises the pipe 3 according to the invention for sucking off the oil (see also FIGS. 7 and 8).

The compartments 21 represent the actual suction boxes or means for attachment or suction 30. They are closed at the top and open at the bottom and can be evacuated via the pumps 28 from the environment.

This creates a pressure difference with the environment, so that the compartments 21 on the seabed 40 are sucked and thus fixed. Since the compartments 21 are connected to the inner compartment 22, therefore, the tube 3 arranged in the inner compartment 22 is also fixed on the seabed 40.

The suction box 20 may for example have a size of about 25 m x 25 m. The outer compartments 21 may initially be filled with water or filled in order to be able to sink these and thus the entire device 20. The outer compartments 21 are when the

Suction box has reached the sea floor, evacuated and so suck on the ground 40.

Due to the high weight, the suction box 20 presses into the seabed 40, so that in general all outer compartments 21 are sufficiently sealed.

By evacuating the compartments 21, a very large force and a very high pressure can be exerted on the lower edges of the construction, especially at great depth.

For further attachment and / or positioning, the suction box 20, in particular also the ship 2 and / or all other embodiments according to the invention, further comprises anchors 26 arranged at the edge, which winches via a wire rope (not shown) which runs over the guide roller 25 connected is.

Thus, the anchors can be drained and the suction box 20, in particular also the ship 2 and / or all other embodiments according to the invention, be positioned and fastened by means of the winches 24. Further, the suction box 20, in particular also the ship 2 and / or all other inventive

Embodiments, eyelets 21 arranged at the edge,

especially to let this off.

The positioning of the suction box 20, in particular also of the ship 2 and / or the other according to the invention

Embodiments, for example, in particular at low flow, or if the depth under water permits this, by means of underwater tugs as

Robotic vehicles or submarines take place. The use of underwater tugs, robotic vehicles and / or submarines is preferably at great depths. Preferably or additionally, by means of hawsers, to which the suction box 20 hangs, made a positioning from above.

Another possibility is the suction box 20,

in particular also the ship 2 and / or all other embodiments according to the invention, preferably

exclusively via the armature 26, which are lowered before lowering the suction box 20, and to position for example via pulleys. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the inner compartment 22 and the outer compartments 21, which cause the actual intake and thus provide anchoring on the seabed, are connected to one another. They form a unit or designated as suction box 20 arrangement 20th

Figures 7 and 8 show a detailed spatial view of the inner compartment 22 of Figure 5 in a lateral Top view (Fig. 7) and in a side view of the bottom (Fig. 8). The entire suction box 20 of Figure 5 is without the outer compartments 21 and thus without the actual suction or fastening devices

shown. Shown is the inventive

Suction device 3 and the tube 3 according to the invention together with a kind of carrier and / or

Mounting structure. The funnel-shaped or

funnel-like tube 3 is arranged in the center. It has in the illustrated embodiment on the underside an opposite the opening at the top enlarged opening. By way of example, a kind of funnel 3 is formed. The cone has a diameter of about 2 m to 5 m. In an embodiment not shown, the tube 3 may also be cylindrical. The tube 3 and the funnel 3 are substantially centered or in the center of the inner

Compartment 22 and / or the arrangement 20 arranged. The tube 3 should preferably at least 3 m to 4 m below the frame 29 of the inner compartment 22 and / or the

Stand out arrangement 20 and in particular cantilever.

The support and / or mounting structure for the pipe 3 is formed by beams 29 or comprises beams 29 or frames 29. Preferably, it is a sheet steel frame. However, other materials with comparable properties can be used. The frame 29 or the carrier 29 has, for example, a diameter or a wall thickness of 10 mm to 30 mm, preferably of about 20 mm. The edge length of the inner compartment 22 is here about 20 m to 25 m. The carrier 29 may have a

Reinforcement or stiffening for the inner compartment 22 form. The carrier 29 form a kind of grid or Grid structure and / or box, in particular for the tube 3. The carrier 29 are arranged for example at the top and bottom or in the region of the top and bottom of the inner compartment 22. The carriers 29 are partly transverse to each other. The meshes of this grid are chosen here, for example rectangular, so that the carrier 29 parallel or rectangular to each other. The meshes or the two meshes of the grid, through which the tube 3 passes, are here designed such that the upper mesh has an enlarged cross-section with respect to the lower mesh. This can, among other things, the

funnel-shaped tube 3 are effectively attached.

Figures 9 and 10 show the arrangement 22 of Figure 7, each with attached feet 33 or stilts 33. There are four stilts 33 attached, of which, however, in Figure 9, only three stilts 33 and in Figure 10, two stilts 33 are visible. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the stiles 33 are each arranged at the corners of the quadrangle 22. In the embodiment according to FIG. 10, the stilts 33 are arranged essentially centrally at the edge lengths of the quadrangle 22. Preferably, the stilts 33 are height adjustable. Thus, for example, unevenness of the ground on which the construction 20 or 22 is to sit, be compensated. The stilts 33 are in a range of in particular about 2 m to 4 m

height adjustable.

The arrangements shown in FIGS. 7 to 10 (and / or the arrangements shown in FIGS. 13 to 16)

have a modular character. They can be used in many ways, especially in combination with others Components. FIGS. 11 and 12 show the use with a suction box 30 (FIG. 11) and with a so-called suction pipe 32 (FIG. 12). FIG. 11 further shows that in FIGS. 7 and 8

shown arrangement in a simplified representation in a cross section. At the inner compartment 22 or at the support and / or mounting structure for the

Suction 3, two suction chambers 30 are arranged or

attached. The suction chambers 30 are by fastening means 31 with the carriers 29 of the carrier and / or

Fastening construction connected. By evacuating the chambers 30 they are sucked on the seabed 40 and thus attached to this. The tube 4 lies with its open bottom at least on the seabed 40. If the suction pressure chosen sufficiently large, the intake pipe, as shown schematically, even penetrate into the ground. Thereby, a kind of first seal for the pipe 4 is provided. In particular, in conjunction with the hardenable mass 12, such as cement, the seal can be increased or improved. Thereby, the pipe 3 is securely fastened and sealed over a leak, so that the leaking oil 10 can be collected. Figure 12 shows the arrangement of Figure 9. Instead of

Suction chambers 30 suction tubes 32 are now used. They are essentially closed at the top. There they only have an outlet opening to which a suction tube is connected. The opening diameter at the

Bottom can be in the order of magnitude of dm to m. By evacuating or sucking the

Suction pipes 32 sucked on the seabed and even in this drilled so that a secure attachment or anchoring of the tube 3 can be ensured.

The quadrangular arrangement or frame construction 22 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can, in a further embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, also be formed as a triangle, preferably equilateral. A triangle allows a simplified adjustment on a plane compared to a quadrilateral. The frame construction 22 may in this case be part of the arrangement 20. But it can also be provided as such and thus alone to be positioned on a wellbore. The features mentioned above in relation to the quadrilateral can be combined with the features mentioned below for the triangle.

Preferably, the edge lengths of the triangle are also in a range of about 20 m to 25 m. Depending on the size and material selection of the frame construction 22 is a

Stiffening by means of bracing possible or even necessary. The preferably centrally positioned or

attached pipe 3 can be designed as a cylinder riser and thus without a cone. The diameter of the tube 3 is about 2 m to 5 m. The cylinder 3 protrudes

preferably about 3 meters to 4 meters below the frame or frame construction 29 to match the frame and tube weight over an existing or a future one

To put down wellbore.

In a preferred embodiment, the tube 3 tapers within the height of the frame 29 such that upwards a connection possibility for a valve, for example a three-way valve 11 with a diameter of for example, 30 cm, as well as for the coupling of

Riser 37 is given. In addition, the

Rejuvenation of the tube 3 within the height of the frame 29, the tapered tube frictionally with the concrete to

Connect wellbore.

In a further preferred embodiment are located on the pipe 3 - within the height of the frame 29 - vertical ribs 38, which prevent twisting of the concrete jacket relative to the tube 3, and thereby further improve the bonding of concrete and pipe.

Preferably, height-adjustable stilts 33 are also attached to the triangle per corner or edge, which are in particular adjustable by about 2 m to 4 m in height (see Figure 14). As a result, it is also possible, for example, for the concrete to flow, not only around the cylinder 3, but also under the frame 29. The flow can in particular be made to a diameter of 20 m to 50 m to allow the formation of a concrete slab 34, here under the frame 29. The concrete slab 34 may have a height of about 2 meters to 4 meters. This is about their weight and strength, the riser 3 force and / or cohesively connect and seal with the well and protect on the seabed 40 with this large concrete diameter against oil and / or gas leaks.

The method is exemplified in parts in FIGS. 15 and 16.

After placing the frame 22 with the cylinder 3 on an existing hole or on a future hole is from above, for example, working ships, under

Gravity through in particular 2 to 3 lines 34 or hose lines 34 concrete 35 or a curable composition 35 filled in the frame 22 and / or under the frame 22 therethrough. This mass 35 is generally filled to a necessary diameter and thickness. The concrete 35 is in particular a fresh, fast-curing and / or fiber-reinforced concrete 35.

Preferably, the concrete 35 has a weight class of greater than or greater than 1,400 kg / m ³ .

This frictional and / or cohesive bond between cylinder riser 3, hole and seabed 40 allows 35 after a few days of curing of the concrete

Forming a concrete slab 36. The mounted on the head three-way valve 11 directs the oil in the short term by a rotation, for example, a 90 ° rotation, the valve 11 laterally further into the sea. This allows oil risers 37 to be mounted over the three-way valve 11 unless they are already pre-assembled. After a completed installation of this

Risers 37 to oil tankers or the like, which can also be done at short notice, the three-way valve 11 again, for example, by a 90 ° upward rotation, opened so that the oil flow with its own pressure and / or pumped flows upwards. In the meantime, the

Concrete plate 36 achieved a strength and tightness to prevent leakage of oil and / or gas. This "triangle frame" 22 with centrally centered cylinder 3 and three adjustable feet 33 on the frame with 2 - 4 m length, represents the most economical and fastest way of Shutter or collapse for collapsed, existing or future oil and / or gas wells. The height of the triangular frame 22 should be between 2 and 5 m.

For detachment of the device brought to the seabed from the working vessel, holding devices 39 can be mounted, for example at the three or four edges of the device, which relieve the cables and thus decouple them from the device, so that they are released for retrieving and used several times can be.

After hardening of the first filled concrete 35 (here, for example, in 2 m to 3 m concrete slab thickness 36 and / or about 20 m to 40 m in diameter) may additionally

Triangular frame 22, for example, completely and thus to the upper edge, filled (see Figure 17). This serves to additional weighting and stabilization of the tube 3 and / or the riser 37th

An underwater camera can be used to precisely determine or monitor positioning above a borehole. For larger ocean currents, however, it is advisable to use centimeter-accurate anchors that have been ejected beforehand, especially with a remote-controlled anchor spill on the triangular frame

Positioning of the system 20 or 22.

Instead of a triangular frame can also be an example 2 m to 4 m high pipe, especially with a

Diameter of about 20 m to 25 m and preferably with centrally integrated tube 3 and / or, preferably

cylindrical, riser 37, the triangular frame 22

replace. This entire economic and relatively light Device can be lowered with steel cables, for example, 1 or 2 work boats or a catamaran.

By means of the invention, a borehole can be reliably closed in a very simple and inexpensive manner. The devices and methods of the invention are in

Essentially for all sea depths, for example from 7 m to 8,000 m and more, simple, extremely short-term and even economically viable. Such devices and procedures could be used by all disaster-stricken offshore countries, in particular by the oil companies themselves.

List of reference numbers:

1 Device for closing a borehole

2 hull or retractable body

3 pipe or suction pipe or funnel or riser

4 cone

5 frames

6 ship bottom

7 hawsers

8 carriers

9 feet

10 oil

11 valve

12 cement

13 pipeline

20 suction box

21 compartment

22 compartment or frame construction or frame

23 suction opening

24 winds

25 leadership role

26 anchors

27 eyelet

28 pump

29 Carrier or carrier and / or mounting structure or frame for the suction tube 3

30 Suction box or device for attaching or sucking on the seabed

31 fasteners

32 suction tube or means for fastening or for

Suction on the seabed Foot or stilt

Supply pipe or pipe for concrete and / or cement Liquid concrete or hardenable mass

concrete slab

riser

vertical rib

holder

Seabed

Claims

Claims :

Method for closing and / or securing an opening located below the water surface,

in particular a borehole, from which

uncontrolled a fluid, especially petroleum,

exit, comprising the steps:

- Placing a ship in which one

vertical pipe through the bottom of the ship passes over the opening,

Filling the vessel with a hardenable mass,

Sinking the ship over the opening such that the vertical pipe sits on the opening,

Spreading the hardenable mass around the pipe,

- Closing or securing the tube after the curable composition is at least partially cured.

in particular according to the preceding claim, comprising the steps:

Lowering a device comprising a tube for sucking off a fluid on the seabed, the device comprising at least one downwardly open container,

- Evacuate the container open at the bottom

towards the environment, so that it sucks on the seabed,

- Closing or securing the opening.

3. A method for closing and / or securing an underlying water surface opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that as hardenable mass cement, in particular reinforced with fibers or wires

Cement, is used.

4. A method for closing and / or securing an underwater surface opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the tube has a cone and / or collar.

5. A method for closing and / or securing a below the water surface opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the hardenable mass is drained via an openable or removable frame surrounding the vertical tube.

6. Method for closing and / or securing a

Under the water surface opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

characterized in that the vertical tube is closed slowly via a throttle valve.

7. Method for closing and / or securing a

marked that the ship has hawsers

is drained. Method for closing and / or securing an underwater surface opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the ship is an old ship, in particular a barge, and is rebuilt to carry out the process.

Device for closing and / or securing an opening, from which an uncontrolled fluid emerges, in particular designed to carry out a

A method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a hull which is inflatable with a hardenable mass, a pipe piercing vertically the ship's bottom and means for letting the hardenable mass escape around the pipe.

Device for closing and / or securing an opening, from which an uncontrolled fluid escapes, in particular according to the preceding claim, preferably designed for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a ship's hull which can be evacuated at least in sections, and a vessel bottom penetrating vertically Pipe and preferably means for

Evacuate the at least one section of the

Hulk.

Device for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube is a cone and / or collar.

12. A device for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube is heatable.

13. An apparatus for closing and / or securing an opening according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ship's bottom is open around the pipe and a frame is arranged around the pipe, which seals the floating hull.

1 . Device for closing and / or securing an opening according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the frame is removable or designed to open or at least has a valve for distributing the hardenable mass.

15. A device for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hull several, preferably height-adjustable, feet are attached.

16. A device for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube has a diameter of at least one, preferably at least three meters at a lower end.

17. An apparatus for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hull is designed to receive at least 2000, preferably at least 4000 m ³ hardenable mass.

Device for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device

has at least one holding device, which relieves the hawsers after lowering the device by means of hawsers and decoupled from the device.

Suction box, especially for use as

Suction cup in a method for closing and / or securing an opening according to one of

preceding claims comprising a plurality of

separate compartments, one being

Compartment is designed for the suction of a fluid and wherein a further compartment is designed to be open at the bottom.

Suction box according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the suction box has means to evacuate the further compartment relative to the environment.

Suction box according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction box has a pump in order to evacuate the further compartment with respect to the environment.

Suction box according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction box at least has an anchor.

in particular by means of a suction box according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps:

- Evacuate the container open at the bottom

towards the environment, so that it sucks on the seabed,

- closing or securing the pipe.