EP2577191A1 - Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du co2 liquide et mettant en oeuvre deux echangeurs en serie - Google Patents
Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du co2 liquide et mettant en oeuvre deux echangeurs en serieInfo
- Publication number
- EP2577191A1 EP2577191A1 EP11723574.7A EP11723574A EP2577191A1 EP 2577191 A1 EP2577191 A1 EP 2577191A1 EP 11723574 A EP11723574 A EP 11723574A EP 2577191 A1 EP2577191 A1 EP 2577191A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exchanger
- pressure
- liquid
- triple point
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- YZSCPLGKKMSBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-fluoro-4-(8-fluoro-4-propan-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)-N-[5-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)pyridin-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine Chemical compound FC=1C(=NC(=NC=1)NC1=NC=C(C=C1)C1CCN(CC1)C)C1=CC2=C(OCCN2C(C)C)C(=C1)F YZSCPLGKKMSBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
- F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of cooling processes using CO 2 .
- the pressure in the tube In order for the heat exchange to be carried out while remaining in the liquid and gaseous phase (vaporization of the liquid CO 2 without taking the risk of forming solid CO 2 ), the pressure in the tube must be maintained at a value greater than the theoretical pressure of 5.18 bar corresponding to the pressure of the triple point of this fluid. In practice, the system is in some way clamped to a pressure of 6 to 7 bar thus providing a safety margin of 0.82 to 1. 82 bar. While the sublimation temperature of CO 2 solid at atmospheric pressure is -80 ° C, maintaining the pressure in the exchanger at 6 bar relative increases the vaporization temperature to about -50 ° C. On the other hand, the fact of carrying out the heat exchange at 6 bar and not at atmospheric pressure slightly decreases the cooling capacity of the CO 2 .
- such applications for the use of CO 2 discharged at 6 bar can be found after passing through an exchanger in the refrigerated truck transport, but also in tunnels or freezing chambers; where a heat exchanger is supplied with liquid CO 2 which, by evaporating in this exchanger, extracts heat from the millet to cool and thus produces the desired cold; the transfer of the cold to the products passes by an exchange with the internal air of the tunnel, the room or the truck by the intervention of means of ventilation associated with each exchanger
- the solution proposed here resides in the adopted exchanger configuration, where the exchanger, which may be for example of the tube or plate type, consists of two exchangers connected in series; the first exchanger is capable of being fed with liquid CO 2 (for example under standard conditions of the -20 ° C. / 20 bar type), the liquid meeting, before it arrives in the first exchanger, a thermostatic expansion valve or a probe assembly; temperature / regulator / valve, or any other means for adjusting the CO 2 flow reaching the exchanger 1, the heat requirements involved, ie to control overheating, in other words, a temperature difference between the temperature corresponding at saturation vapor pressure (for example 6 bar, -53.1 ° C.) and for example -50 ° C., which corresponds to 3.1 ° of superheating;
- liquid CO 2 for example under standard conditions of the -20 ° C. / 20 bar type
- the minimum temperature obtained on this first exchanger is then close to -50 ° C .
- the discharge device at the outlet of the first exchanger is preceded by a phase separator to prevent any liquid exiting the first exchanger.
- This weir and the outlet of the first exchanger can be installed at the top in the overall installation, to avoid liquid outlets, but configurations where the two exchangers are on the same plane are perfectly conceivable.
- the optional presence of the separator mentioned above contributes to strengthening the reliability of the system. It avoids the supply of liquid in the discharge and thus the formation of snow and the capping of this point.
- the liquid CO 2 vaporizes in this first exchanger and the gas formed in the exchanger, for example at 6 bar, is released in the second exchanger;
- This second exchanger is at atmospheric pressure (and in any case at a pressure below the triple point of the fluid), the gas then passes by entering this second exchanger of 6 bar (or pressure more generally my i ntened in the first stage (n) at the atmospheric pressure (or in any event at a pressure between the triple point of the fluid and the atmospheric pressure), this producing cold, namely a typically between -60 ° C and -70 ° C;
- the present invention thus relates to a method implementing
- Liquid CO 2 as a cryogenic fluid for transferring frigories to products a process of the so-called indirect injection type where the liquid CO 2 is sent to a heat exchanger system where it evaporates, the transfer of cold to the products passing through a exchange between the atmosphere surrounding the products and the cold walls of the heat exchanger, characterized in that the exchanger system consists of two exchangers connected in series, the first exchanger being maintained at a pressure greater than the pressure of the triple point of CO 2 tand is that the second exchanger is maintained at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure between the triple point of the fluid and atmospheric pressure.
- the present invention also relates to an installation for transferring frigories to products using liquid CO 2 , the installation implementing a method of the so-called indirect injection type and comprising:
- a heat exchanger system suitable for passing the liquid CO 2 therethrough; and ventilation means associated with the heat exchanger system, able to put the atmosphere surrounding the products in contact with the cold walls of the heat exchanger system,
- the exchanger system consists of two exchangers connected in series;
- the plant comprises, upstream of the inlet of the first exchanger, a means able to adjust the flow rate of CO 2 and to control the temperature of superheating with respect to the temperature corresponding to the saturation vapor pressure, such as a thermostatic expansion valve or a temperature probe / regulator / valve assembly;
- the installation comprises means for maintaining in the first heat exchanger a pressure greater than the pressure of the triple point of the CO 2 , preferably the evaporator or a pressure sensor / regulator / valve assembly;
- the second exchanger is at atmospheric pressure or at a pressure between the triple point of the fluid and the atmospheric pressure.
- the installation therefore comprises, if necessary, means for maintaining in the second exchanger the atmospheric pressure or a pressure comprised between the triple point of the fluid and the atmospheric pressure.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are partial diagrammatic representations of installations conforming to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 showing the expected temperature profile in the exchanger assembly, CO 2 side and heat transfer fluid (air).
- the first exchanger is capable of being fed with liquid CO 2 (for example under standard conditions of the -20 ° C. / 20 bar type), the liquid meeting, prior to its arrival in the first exchanger, a thermostatic expansion valve (downstream point 1) or any other means to adjust the CO 2 flow to the 1st heat exchanger to the thermal needs involved, ie to control overheating, in other words a temperature difference between the temperature corresponding to the pressure saturation vapor (eg 6 bar, -53.1 ° C) and for example -50 ° C, which corresponds to 3.1 ° C overheating.
- liquid CO 2 for example under standard conditions of the -20 ° C. / 20 bar type
- a thermostatic expansion valve downstream point 1 or any other means to adjust the CO 2 flow to the 1st heat exchanger to the thermal needs involved, ie to control overheating, in other words a temperature difference between the temperature corresponding to the pressure saturation vapor (eg 6 bar, -53.1 ° C) and for example -50 ° C, which corresponds
- this first exchanger is maintained a pressure greater than 5.18 bar relative CO 2 phase change temperature (thus preventing the formation of snow), thanks to the discharger placed at the outlet of this first exchanger in the figure (overflow placed between points 3 and 4);
- the minimum temperature obtained on this first exchanger is then -50 ° C .
- the outflow of the first exchanger is preceded by a phase separator (between points 3 'and 3) to prevent any liquid outlet of the first exchanger.
- the discharger and the outlet of the first heat exchanger are installed at the top in the overall installation, to prevent liquid outflows.
- thermodynamic properties of the fluid at the various points of FIG. 1 and unambiguously enables the advantages of the invention to be demonstrated in terms of refrigeration efficiency.
- Table illustrates in particular several temperature conditions at the exchanger outlets.
- Figure 1 presented a first example of implementation of the invention
- Figure 2 presents another for it, which we will not describe in detail here, since it will be understood from its reading, it illustrates the variant implementing:
- thermoelectric expansion valve upstream of the first exchanger, not a thermostatic expansion valve but an assembly of a calibrated orifice and a temperature-controlled valve
- At the outlet of the first exchanger installation does not include a discharge but includes a set pressure sensor / regulator / valve.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1054342A FR2960952B1 (fr) | 2010-06-03 | 2010-06-03 | Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du co2 liquide mettant en oeuvre deux echangeurs en serie |
| PCT/FR2011/051023 WO2011151548A1 (fr) | 2010-06-03 | 2011-05-05 | Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du co2 liquide et mettant en oeuvre deux echangeurs en serie |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2577191A1 true EP2577191A1 (fr) | 2013-04-10 |
| EP2577191B1 EP2577191B1 (fr) | 2014-12-17 |
Family
ID=43413856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11723574.7A Not-in-force EP2577191B1 (fr) | 2010-06-03 | 2011-05-05 | Procede et installation de refroidissement cryogenique utilisant du co2 liquide et mettant en oeuvre deux echangeurs en serie |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130081789A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2577191B1 (fr) |
| DK (1) | DK2577191T3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2532206T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2960952B1 (fr) |
| PT (1) | PT2577191E (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011151548A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3108385B1 (fr) * | 2020-03-19 | 2022-06-17 | Air Liquide France Ind | Système de vaporisation de fluides cryogéniques et notamment du CO2 |
| US12331888B2 (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2025-06-17 | Kraken Technology Holdings, LLC | Process for cold energy utilization from a liquid carbon dioxide receiving facility |
| WO2024163698A1 (fr) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-08-08 | Kraken Technology Holdings, LLC | Procédé d'utilisation d'énergie froide à partir d'une installation de réception de dioxyde de carbone liquide |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1593918B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-06 | 2013-03-13 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Refroidissement indirect pour des véhicules frigorifiques |
| US7600390B2 (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2009-10-13 | Tecumseh Products Company | Method and apparatus for control of carbon dioxide gas cooler pressure by use of a two-stage compressor |
| EP1659355A3 (fr) * | 2004-11-17 | 2008-02-13 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Procédé de refroidissement et dispositif de refroidissement pour des véhicules frigorifiques |
| FR2886719B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-02 | 2007-08-10 | Air Liquide | Procede de refrigeration d'une charge thermique |
-
2010
- 2010-06-03 FR FR1054342A patent/FR2960952B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-05-05 WO PCT/FR2011/051023 patent/WO2011151548A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2011-05-05 EP EP11723574.7A patent/EP2577191B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-05-05 US US13/701,326 patent/US20130081789A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-05-05 PT PT11723574T patent/PT2577191E/pt unknown
- 2011-05-05 ES ES11723574.7T patent/ES2532206T3/es active Active
- 2011-05-05 DK DK11723574T patent/DK2577191T3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011151548A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2532206T3 (es) | 2015-03-25 |
| DK2577191T3 (en) | 2015-03-09 |
| EP2577191B1 (fr) | 2014-12-17 |
| US20130081789A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
| FR2960952A1 (fr) | 2011-12-09 |
| WO2011151548A1 (fr) | 2011-12-08 |
| FR2960952B1 (fr) | 2012-07-13 |
| PT2577191E (pt) | 2015-03-11 |
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