EP2575155A1 - Medium-voltage electric distribution apparatus - Google Patents

Medium-voltage electric distribution apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2575155A1
EP2575155A1 EP12306078A EP12306078A EP2575155A1 EP 2575155 A1 EP2575155 A1 EP 2575155A1 EP 12306078 A EP12306078 A EP 12306078A EP 12306078 A EP12306078 A EP 12306078A EP 2575155 A1 EP2575155 A1 EP 2575155A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
electrical
called
crank
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12306078A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2575155B1 (en
Inventor
Denis Perrin
Didier Tamisier
Florent Pitis
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP2575155A1 publication Critical patent/EP2575155A1/en
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Publication of EP2575155B1 publication Critical patent/EP2575155B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/125—Load break switches comprising a separate circuit breaker
    • H01H33/126—Load break switches comprising a separate circuit breaker being operated by the distal end of a sectionalising contact arm

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical distribution apparatus intended to be interposed between two parts of an electrical circuit so as to ensure at least the function of current flow between the parts and cut-off of the current in the event of an electrical fault.
  • an electrical distribution cell of the kind mentioned above, as described in the patent application is known.
  • FR 2 940 516 This cell comprises a switch or a circuit breaker also performing the disconnector function and, in series with this switch (or circuit breaker) a selector at least two positions respectively a current passage position and a grounding position.
  • This cell is designed to conduct a current of 630 A and is therefore not able to conduct higher current levels, such as 1250A.
  • these cells that can withstand a higher nominal current than the mid-range generally correspond within a range with low consumption volumes, which means that the industrial costs of such an adaptation are not justified.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes a simple and economical electrical distribution cell that can withstand a large nominal current without considerably increasing the necessary investments and the number of subsets made.
  • the subject of the present invention is an apparatus of the kind mentioned above, this apparatus being characterized in that it comprises an electrical cut-off or interruption member, said first, and an electrical severing member, said second, mounted in parallel, the two electrical organs can both take an open position and a closed position, in the open position and respectively in the closed position of the apparatus, and in that the opening and closing of the first and second electrical members is controlled by the first electrical member, and in that during the passage of the apparatus from the closed position to the open position, the contacts of the severing member are first open creating between its contacts an arc and a voltage arc, allowing the current to be derived substantially completely in the cutoff or interruption member, the opening of these contacts continuing until the end.
  • TTR transient recovery voltage
  • said first electrical member is first closed in order to establish the passage of the current through this member, then, the second electrical member is closed so that the current is distributed in the two aforementioned electrical organs.
  • the first electrical member is a circuit breaker or a switch with at least two positions, respectively a closed position and an open position
  • the second electrical member is a disconnector has at least two positions respectively a closed position and an open position
  • this member for interrupting or cutting the aforementioned current comprises contact pressure springs able to ensure the pressure between the fixed and movable contacts of said interruption and cut-off member after the closure of these contacts, and in that the compression / decompression phase of these contact pressure springs is used to actuate the disconnector.
  • said cut-off or interruption of the current element comprises a vacuum interrupter.
  • this apparatus comprises two different kinematics respectively for the two electrical members, said kinematics being mechanically connected to the control shaft of the contacts of the so-called first electrical member, the two kinematics having different gear ratios relative to each other. tree audit.
  • the drive kinematics of the disconnector has been made to amplify the rotational movement of the disconnector relative to that of the control shaft of the circuit breaker.
  • the drive kinematics of the first member of the contacts is performed so as to increase the gear ratio at the end of the closing stroke, so as to have at the end of the closing, a great race angular control of the disconnector corresponding to a short compression stroke of the contact pressure springs.
  • this increase of the gear ratio is achieved by bringing together an assembly constituted by a so-called third crank hingably connected to a so-called second connecting rod, a dead center line.
  • this apparatus comprises means for the end of the opening maneuver of the apparatus, the control device opens the contacts of the first member by minimizing the amplitude of the rotation of the disconnector.
  • these means comprise the approach of a dead-line crossing line, an assembly comprising a so-called third crank hingably connected to a so-called first connecting rod.
  • this apparatus comprises means for providing, during the compression phase of the contact pressure springs for closing the apparatus, a large rotation of the control shaft enabling a sufficient rotation of the control shaft to be made. disconnector to reach a distance necessary to hold the TTR.
  • this apparatus is controlled by a control device comprising a so-called second crank integral in rotation with the control shaft of the first electrical member, said crank being connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called second connecting rod, another end of which is connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called third crank integral in rotation with a shaft rotatably mounted about an axis said third fixed frame, and another end is hingedly connected to a so-called first rod connected in an articulated manner, at another end, to a so-called crank first supporting the disconnector knife, said first crank being rotatably mounted about an axis said first fixed frame, the rotation of said shaft being prevented by an unlockable latching system to allow its rotation during a maneuver d manual or automatic opening of the apparatus.
  • a control device comprising a so-called second crank integral in rotation with the control shaft of the first electrical member, said crank being connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called second connecting rod, another end of which is connected in an articulate
  • the cutoff or interruption member comprises a support rod of its movable contact, which rod is secured to a sheath having two bearing surfaces and around which is mounted the contact pressure spring, said spring being interposed between on the one hand, a first upper said plate interposed between the first bearing surface of the sheath and the spring, and on the other hand a so-called lower plate interposed between this spring and a bar, which bar is mounted rotating relative to the so-called second connecting rod and slidably mounted around the sheath, said bar being supported by means of two opposite flats respectively on the so-called bottom plate and the second bearing surface of the sheath.
  • it is a medium voltage electrical distribution apparatus.
  • a multipole electrical equipment comprising for each pole two cells 1.2 mounted in parallel and electrically connected on one side, to a first set of bars a and the opposite side, to a second set of bars b.
  • the first cell 1, located on the right of the figure, comprises in this particular embodiment, a vacuum circuit breaker 3 comprising a vacuum interrupter 4 in series. with a two-position switch 5 respectively a closed position and a grounding position.
  • the second cell 2 located to the left of the first, comprises a switch with two positions respectively a closed position of passage of the current and a sectioning position.
  • the equipment is in the closed position, the two circuits being closed because the circuit breaker and the disconnector are closed, the rated current being distributed in the two cells.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is controlled by a control device allowing to drive by a single action of the operator, the contacts 8,9 of the bulb 4 and 6,7 of the disconnector 5 so as to guarantee the steps previously mentioned.
  • the disconnector 5 comprising a knife 10 constituting a movable contact and a fixed stud 11 representing a fixed contact.
  • This knife 10 is supported by a crank 12 said first free fit in rotation about an axis (X) said first fixed belonging to the frame of the apparatus.
  • the bulb 4 of the circuit breaker has been represented, said bulb comprising, in a manner known per se, an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape enclosing a fixed contact 8 with respect to said envelope and a movable contact 9 supported by a rod.
  • mobile 13 along the axis of the bulb, said rod 13 having at one of its ends, a contact pad 14 and being mechanically connected by its opposite end to a crank 15 said second integral with a shaft
  • a said pole shaft or control shaft of the bulbs said shaft supporting a number of cranks, this number corresponding to the number of poles of the apparatus.
  • This shaft has poles is rotatably mounted about a Y axis fixed relative to the frame of the apparatus.
  • Each of these so-called seconds handwheels 15 has an end 15a integral in rotation with the pole shaft, and an opposite end 15b, mechanically connected to the control rod of the movable contact of the apparatus.
  • a bar 16 forming a partial ball joint is mounted articulated in an opening provided at this end of the crank 15, this bar having two opposite flats 16a, 16b and being traversed by a sleeve 17 slidably mounted within this rod and having a threaded tubular orifice 18 inside which is mounted and screwed the control rod 13 of the movable contact 9 of the bulb 4.
  • this sleeve 17 has at its two opposite ends, two diameter parts. 19,20 and respectively forming two bearing surfaces 21,22.
  • this sleeve 17 are also mounted a so-called first plate 23 having a face 23a bearing on one of said 21 said abovementioned abutment surfaces 21,22 of the sleeve 17, and whose other face 23b serves as surface d pressing one end 24a of a contact pressure spring 24, which is supported by its opposite end 24b, on a so-called second plate 25 mounted around the sleeve 17 and bearing on one 16a of the flats of the aforementioned ball, while the other flat portion 16b of the ball joint is intended to bear against the so-called second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve.
  • first plate 23 having a face 23a bearing on one of said 21 said abovementioned abutment surfaces 21,22 of the sleeve 17, and whose other face 23b serves as surface d pressing one end 24a of a contact pressure spring 24, which is supported by its opposite end 24b, on a so-called second plate 25 mounted around the sleeve 17 and bearing on one 16a of the flats of the
  • the so-called first crank 12 and the so-called second crank 15 are mechanically connected by a mechanical assembly comprising a so-called first link 25 connected in an articulated manner by one of its ends, to the so-called first crank 12 and at its opposite end, at one end of a so-called third crank 26 integral with a shaft rotatably mounted about an axis said third Z fixed with respect to the frame of the apparatus.
  • This so-called third crank 26 is also connected in an articulated manner by another end, at one of the ends of a so-called second rod 27, which is connected in an articulated manner by another of its ends to the so-called second crank 15 secured to the pole tree A.
  • the control device is in the closed position, the knife 10 of the disconnector 5 being closed on the fixed pad 11 and the fixed 8 and movable contacts 9 of the bulb 4 are closed.
  • the control shaft A of the circuit breaker 3 is locked by an attachment system preventing it from being rotated under the effect of the opening springs not shown and mounted around the contact pressure springs. 24, these springs also bearing on the above-mentioned lower plate 25.
  • the contact pressure springs 24, as well as the opening springs of the circuit breaker mechanism 3 are compressed and the so-called second cranks 15 are in high position.
  • the locking device of the control shaft A of the circuit breaker 3 is deactivated, which leads to the fact that the contact pressure springs 24 can initially decompress and lead at the same time time the cranks said seconds 15 on which they are supported, in rotation in the clockwise direction, through the said lower plate 25 bearing on the ball 16, which is integral with the crank said second 15.
  • This involves by means of the so-called second rod 27, the rotation of the so-called third crank 26 integral with the control shaft in the clockwise direction, and thereby the rotation of the so-called first rod 25 and also of the said first crank 12 supporting the knife 10, which rotates in the clockwise direction thereby causing partial opening of the movable contact 10 of the 5.
  • the separation distance of the switch contacts is sufficient to hold the TTR (transient recovery voltage) which is the voltage that will be established across the contacts of the disconnector and the bulb when a new closing of the 'equipment.
  • TTR transient recovery voltage
  • these cranks did not drive the drive rod 13 of the movable contact 8 of the bulb, because during this movement, the spring 24 has driven the plate 25 in translation the along the sleeve 17, which plate 25 has transmitted this movement to the bar 16, but this set has moved without reaching the shoulder, located at the bottom of the sleeve and formed by the so-called second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve 16 .
  • the opening springs of the mechanism which are also resting on the so-called bottom plate 25, will take over and drive the shaft of the poles A, and the cranks 15 in the direction of the clockwise, which causes the displacement of the rod 13 and thus the opening of the contacts 8, 9 of the bulb 4, as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .
  • This movement of the cranks will be transmitted to the knife of the disconnector via the kinematics described above.
  • the closing springs of the mechanism drive the pole shaft A and the so-called second cranks 15 counterclockwise, which causes compression of the springs. contact pressure 24 via the second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve 17, the bar 16 and the lower plate 25. The closing force is then transmitted by these springs 24 to the rod 13 of driving the movable contact 9 of the bulb 4 through the so-called upper plate 23 and the other bearing surface 21 of the sleeve 17.
  • cranks 15 causes the other, the counterclockwise rotation of the so-called third crank 26 via the so-called second rod 27, and the rotation in the counterclockwise direction of the so-called first crank 12 by means of the so-called first connecting rod, which results in the closing the contacts 8, 9 of the disconnector 5, illustrated position on the figures 3 and 4 .
  • the lengths of the connecting rods and cranks are chosen such that during this compression phase of the contact pressure springs 24, the rotation of the control shaft A makes it possible to achieve sufficient rotation of the movable contact of the disconnector 5. to reach the distance that it was necessary to reach during the opening to maintain the transient recovery voltage.
  • the drive kinematics of the disconnector 5 were made by amplifying this large angular travel of the pole shaft to allow rotation of the disconnector allowing the holding of the TTR.
  • this kinematics is performed in such a way that one also approaches a dead center passage line M between the so-called third crank 26 and the so-called first rod 25 at the end. opening operation, so as to allow the control to open the cutoff contacts by minimizing the rotation of the disconnector.
  • this neutral passage line allows the switch 5 to be gently stopped and thus to avoid oscillating violently at the end of opening, which could cause parasitic rotation movements of the control at the end of opening.
  • control device of the apparatus has been designed so as to produce two different kinematics for each electrical member, each member being mechanically connected to the output shaft of the circuit breaker control device.
  • gear ratios being different between the two kinematics, these ratios being determined by the ratios of length between the different connecting rods and cranks.
  • the present invention has thus made it possible to produce a mechanical device making it possible to maneuver in the same maneuver a cut-off member and a disconnecting member arranged in parallel and whose disconnecting member must open first in order to derive all the current in the cut-off member, and whose sectioning member must close last, as this avoids to have a power of closure, in order to derive a part of the current of the cut-off device, this after closure of the circuit by the sectioning member.
  • This device ensures a sufficient isolation distance of the disconnector for the holding of the TTR before the cut-off contacts start to separate, this using the compression / decompression phases of the contact pressure springs to actuate the disconnector .
  • This device makes it possible to maneuver two electric organs with a shift of the opening and the closing of one with respect to the other, with a kinematics without rupture of movement constituted by pivot connections (no light for empty strokes ) and therefore not generating shocks.
  • This device makes it possible to maneuver two electric members whose offset from one with respect to the other is guaranteed by a rigid and reliable kinematic chain.
  • This device also makes it possible to guarantee the state concordance of two different electrical organs (one can not be opened if the other is not).
  • the drive mechanism can be of any type, ie with separate closing and opening springs, with a single spring, single spring for closing and opening.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The equipment has a vacuum circuit breaker (3) and a vacuum bulb (5) occupying open and closed positions of the equipment. The breaker has a contact (6) and another contact initially opened to create arc and an arc voltage to allow the current to be derived in the breaker/bulb. The opening of the contacts continues until an insulation distance between the contacts is obtained and before opening of contacts (8, 9) of the bulb so as to avoid dielectric flashover on the bulb during establishment of re-establishment transitory voltage after closing the contacts.

Description

La présente invention concerne un appareillage de distribution électrique destinée à être interposée entre deux parties d'un circuit électrique de manière à assurer au moins la fonction de passage du courant entre les parties et de coupure du courant en cas de défaut électrique.The present invention relates to an electrical distribution apparatus intended to be interposed between two parts of an electrical circuit so as to ensure at least the function of current flow between the parts and cut-off of the current in the event of an electrical fault.

On connaît par exemple une cellule de distribution électrique du genre précédemment mentionnée, telle que décrite dans la demande de brevet FR 2 940 516 . Cette cellule comporte un interrupteur ou un disjoncteur réalisant également la fonction sectionneur et, en série avec cet interrupteur (ou disjoncteur) un sélecteur à au moins deux positions respectivement une position de passage du courant et une position de mise à la terre.For example, an electrical distribution cell of the kind mentioned above, as described in the patent application, is known. FR 2 940 516 . This cell comprises a switch or a circuit breaker also performing the disconnector function and, in series with this switch (or circuit breaker) a selector at least two positions respectively a current passage position and a grounding position.

Cette cellule est conçue pour conduire un courant de 630 A et n'est donc pas apte à conduire des niveaux de courant supérieurs, comme par exemple de 1250A.This cell is designed to conduct a current of 630 A and is therefore not able to conduct higher current levels, such as 1250A.

Lorsqu'il est nécessaire d'augmenter les performances en courant nominal de telles cellules, voir de toute cellule similaire, ceci nécessite d'importants investissements et des mises au point importantes, en particulier lorsque ces cellules utilisent des technologies onéreuses par exemple la technique de l'isolation blindée.When it is necessary to increase the nominal current performance of such cells, see any similar cell, this requires significant investment and development, especially when these cells use expensive technologies such as the technique of shielded insulation.

En outre, ces cellules pouvant supporter un courant nominal plus important que le milieu de gamme correspondent en général au sein d'une gamme à de faibles volumes de consommation, d'où il résulte que les coûts industriels d'une telle adaptation ne sont pas justifiés.In addition, these cells that can withstand a higher nominal current than the mid-range generally correspond within a range with low consumption volumes, which means that the industrial costs of such an adaptation are not justified.

De plus, la fonction de conduction du courant est assez onéreuse et problématique dans le cas des disjoncteurs à vide, ceci étant dû au dimensionnement des contacts des ampoules, ainsi qu'à leur forte résistance de contact celle-ci variant avec le nombre de coupure effectuées.In addition, the current conduction function is quite expensive and problematic in the case of vacuum circuit-breakers, this being due to the dimensioning of the contacts of the bulbs, and their high contact resistance, which varies with the number of cut-offs. performed.

D'autre part, développer de telles cellules à fort courant augmente le nombre de références des sous-ensembles, sans compter tous les développements périphériques nécessaires assurant les fonctions principales de la cellule à savoir les fonctions diélectrique et de distribution de courant, cette fonction électrique nécessitant dans certains cas un surmoulage complexe de l'ampoule.On the other hand, developing such cells with high current increases the number of references of the subsets, without counting all the necessary peripheral developments ensuring the main functions of the cell namely the dielectric and current distribution functions, this electrical function requiring in some cases a complex overmoulding of the bulb.

La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose une cellule de distribution électrique de conception simple et économique pouvant supporter un courant nominal important sans augmenter considérablement les investissements nécessaires et le nombre de sous-ensembles réalisés.The present invention solves these problems and proposes a simple and economical electrical distribution cell that can withstand a large nominal current without considerably increasing the necessary investments and the number of subsets made.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un appareillage du genre précédemment mentionné, cet appareillage étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe de coupure ou d'interruption électrique dit premier, et un organe de sectionnement électrique, dit second, montés en parallèle, les deux organes électriques pouvant prendre tous les deux une position ouverte et une position fermée, en position ouverte et respectivement en position fermée de l'appareillage, et en ce que l'ouverture et la fermeture des premier et second organes électriques est commandée par le premier organe électrique, et en ce que lors du passage de l'appareillage de la position fermée à la position ouverte, les contacts de l'organe de sectionnement sont tout d'abord ouverts créant entre ses contacts un arc et une tension d'arc, permettant au courant d'être dérivé sensiblement totalement dans l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption, l'ouverture de ces contacts se poursuivant jusqu'à l'obtention d'une distance d'isolement suffisante entre les contacts dudit organe de sectionnement, avant l'ouverture des contacts de l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption, afin d'éviter tout reclaquage diélectrique au niveau de l'organe de sectionnement lors de l'établissement de la tension transitoire de rétablissement (TTR) après la fermeture des contacts des deux organes.For this purpose, the subject of the present invention is an apparatus of the kind mentioned above, this apparatus being characterized in that it comprises an electrical cut-off or interruption member, said first, and an electrical severing member, said second, mounted in parallel, the two electrical organs can both take an open position and a closed position, in the open position and respectively in the closed position of the apparatus, and in that the opening and closing of the first and second electrical members is controlled by the first electrical member, and in that during the passage of the apparatus from the closed position to the open position, the contacts of the severing member are first open creating between its contacts an arc and a voltage arc, allowing the current to be derived substantially completely in the cutoff or interruption member, the opening of these contacts continuing until the end. maintaining a sufficient isolation distance between the contacts of said disconnecting member, before the opening of the contacts of the breaking or interrupting member, in order to avoid any dielectric reclasking at the sectioning member when the establishment of the transient recovery voltage (TTR) after the closure of the contacts of the two organs.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, lors du passage de la position ouverte à la position fermée, l'organe électrique dit premier est tout d'abord fermé afin d'établir le passage du courant au travers de cet organe, puis, le second organe électrique est fermé afin que le courant se répartisse dans les deux organes électriques précités.According to a particular characteristic, during the passage from the open position to the closed position, said first electrical member is first closed in order to establish the passage of the current through this member, then, the second electrical member is closed so that the current is distributed in the two aforementioned electrical organs.

Selon une autre caractéristique, l'organe électrique dit premier est un disjoncteur ou un interrupteur à au moins deux positions, respectivement une position fermée et une position ouverte, tandis que le second organe électrique est un sectionneur a au moins deux positions respectivement une position fermée et une position ouverte.According to another characteristic, the first electrical member is a circuit breaker or a switch with at least two positions, respectively a closed position and an open position, while the second electrical member is a disconnector has at least two positions respectively a closed position and an open position.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet organe d'interruption ou de coupure du courant précité comporte des ressorts de pression de contact aptes à assurer la pression entre les contacts fixe et mobile dudit organe d'interruption et de coupure après la fermeture de ces contacts, et en ce que l'on utilise la phase de compression/décompression de ces ressorts de pression de contact pour actionner le sectionneur.According to another characteristic, this member for interrupting or cutting the aforementioned current comprises contact pressure springs able to ensure the pressure between the fixed and movable contacts of said interruption and cut-off member after the closure of these contacts, and in that the compression / decompression phase of these contact pressure springs is used to actuate the disconnector.

Selon une autre caractéristique, ledit organe de coupure ou d'interruption du courant comporte une ampoule à vide.According to another characteristic, said cut-off or interruption of the current element comprises a vacuum interrupter.

Selon une autre caractéristique, c'est la décompression des ressorts de pression de contact, préalablement à l'ouverture des contacts de l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption du courant, qui commande une partie de l'ouverture des contacts du second organe, de telle manière que lorsque cette phase de décompression est terminée, et que les contacts dudit organe de coupure ou d'interruption commencent à s'ouvrir, la distance de séparation des contacts du second organe est suffisante pour tenir la tension transitoire de rétablissement.According to another characteristic, it is the decompression of the contact pressure springs, prior to the opening of the contacts of the cutoff or interruption of the current, which controls a part of the opening of the contacts of the second member. such that when this decompression phase is terminated, and the contacts of said cutoff or interrupting member begin to open, the separation distance of the contacts of the second member is sufficient to hold the transient recovery voltage.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet appareillage comporte deux cinématiques différentes respectivement pour les deux organes électriques, lesdites cinématiques étant reliées mécaniquement à l'arbre de commande des contacts de l'organe électrique dit premier, les deux cinématiques présentant des rapports de démultiplication différents par rapport audit arbre.According to another characteristic, this apparatus comprises two different kinematics respectively for the two electrical members, said kinematics being mechanically connected to the control shaft of the contacts of the so-called first electrical member, the two kinematics having different gear ratios relative to each other. tree audit.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, la cinématique d'entraînement du sectionneur a été réalisée de façon à amplifier le mouvement de rotation du sectionneur par rapport à celui de l'arbre de commande du disjoncteur.According to a particular characteristic, the drive kinematics of the disconnector has been made to amplify the rotational movement of the disconnector relative to that of the control shaft of the circuit breaker.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la cinématique d'entraînement des contacts du premier organe, est réalisée de façon à augmenter le rapport de démultiplication lors de la fin de la course de fermeture, de façon à avoir à la fin de la fermeture, une grande course angulaire de commande du sectionneur correspondant à une faible course de compression des ressorts de pression de contact.According to another characteristic, the drive kinematics of the first member of the contacts, is performed so as to increase the gear ratio at the end of the closing stroke, so as to have at the end of the closing, a great race angular control of the disconnector corresponding to a short compression stroke of the contact pressure springs.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cette augmentation du rapport de démultiplication est réalisée par rapprochement d'un ensemble constitué par une manivelle dite troisième reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite seconde, d'une ligne de passage de point mort.According to another characteristic, this increase of the gear ratio is achieved by bringing together an assembly constituted by a so-called third crank hingably connected to a so-called second connecting rod, a dead center line.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet appareillage comporte des moyens pour qu'en fin de manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'appareillage, le dispositif de commande ouvre les contacts du premier organe en minimisant l'amplitude de la rotation du sectionneur.According to another characteristic, this apparatus comprises means for the end of the opening maneuver of the apparatus, the control device opens the contacts of the first member by minimizing the amplitude of the rotation of the disconnector.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, ces moyens comprennent le rapprochement d'une ligne de passage de point mort, d'un ensemble comportant une manivelle dite troisième reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite première.According to a particular characteristic, these means comprise the approach of a dead-line crossing line, an assembly comprising a so-called third crank hingably connected to a so-called first connecting rod.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, cet appareillage comporte des moyens pour fournir, lors de la phase de compression des ressorts de pression de contact pour réaliser la fermeture de l'appareil, une grande rotation de l'arbre de commande permettant de réaliser une rotation suffisante du sectionneur afin d'atteindre une distance nécessaire à la tenue de la TTR.According to one particular characteristic, this apparatus comprises means for providing, during the compression phase of the contact pressure springs for closing the apparatus, a large rotation of the control shaft enabling a sufficient rotation of the control shaft to be made. disconnector to reach a distance necessary to hold the TTR.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet appareillage est commandé par un dispositif de commande comprenant une manivelle dite seconde solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de commande du premier organe électrique, ladite manivelle étant reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une bielle dite seconde dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une manivelle dite troisième solidaire en rotation d'un arbre monté en rotation autour d'un axe dit troisième fixe du châssis, et dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite première reliée de manière articulée, par une autre extrémité, à une manivelle dite première supportant le couteau du sectionneur, ladite manivelle dite première étant montée libre en rotation autour d'un axe dit premier fixe du châssis, la rotation dudit arbre étant empêchée par un système d'accrochage déverrouillable pour permettre sa rotation lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture manuelle ou automatique de l'appareillage.According to another characteristic, this apparatus is controlled by a control device comprising a so-called second crank integral in rotation with the control shaft of the first electrical member, said crank being connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called second connecting rod, another end of which is connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called third crank integral in rotation with a shaft rotatably mounted about an axis said third fixed frame, and another end is hingedly connected to a so-called first rod connected in an articulated manner, at another end, to a so-called crank first supporting the disconnector knife, said first crank being rotatably mounted about an axis said first fixed frame, the rotation of said shaft being prevented by an unlockable latching system to allow its rotation during a maneuver d manual or automatic opening of the apparatus.

Selon une autre caractéristique, l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption comporte une tige de support de son contact mobile, laquelle tige est solidaire d 'un fourreau comportant deux surfaces d'appui et autour duquel est monté le ressort de pression de contact, ledit ressort étant interposé entre d'une part, une première assiette dite supérieure interposée entre la première surface d'appui du fourreau et le ressort, et d'autre part une assiette dite inférieure interposée entre ce ressort et un barreau, lequel barreau est monté rotatif par rapport à la bielle dite seconde et monté à coulissement autour du fourreau, ledit barreau étant en appui par l'intermédiaire de deux méplats opposés respectivement sur l'assiette dite inférieure et la seconde surface d'appui du fourreau.According to another characteristic, the cutoff or interruption member comprises a support rod of its movable contact, which rod is secured to a sheath having two bearing surfaces and around which is mounted the contact pressure spring, said spring being interposed between on the one hand, a first upper said plate interposed between the first bearing surface of the sheath and the spring, and on the other hand a so-called lower plate interposed between this spring and a bar, which bar is mounted rotating relative to the so-called second connecting rod and slidably mounted around the sheath, said bar being supported by means of two opposite flats respectively on the so-called bottom plate and the second bearing surface of the sheath.

Selon une autre caractéristique, c'est un appareillage de distribution électrique moyenne tension.According to another characteristic, it is a medium voltage electrical distribution apparatus.

Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 illustre schématiquement un appareillage électrique selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, ledit appareil étant en position fermée.
  • La figure 2 est une vue identique à la précédente, l'appareillage étant en position ouverte,
  • La figure 3 est une vue de côté dudit appareillage, selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, dans une position fermée de l'appareillage,
  • La figure 4 est une vue identique à la précédente, une partie du mécanisme ayant été retirée de façon à mieux faire apparaître la liaison mécanique au niveau des ressorts de pression de contact,
  • La figure 5 est une vue de côté identique à la figure 3, dans une position ouverte du sectionneur et fermée de l'ampoule,
  • La figure 6 est une vue identique à la figure 4, dans la position de l'appareillage illustrée sur la figure 5,
  • La figure 7 est une vue identique à la figure 5, dans une position ouverte du sectionneur et de l'ampoule,
  • La figure 8 est une vue partielle en perspective, illustrant une partie dudit appareillage sans l'ampoule et le sectionneur, et
  • Les figures 9 et 10 sont deux vues partielles en coupe, illustrant la liaison mécanique entre la tige de support du contact mobile de l'ampoule et les manivelles de l'arbre des pôles.
But other advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent in the detailed description which follows and refers to the accompanying drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • The figure 1 schematically illustrates an electrical apparatus according to a particular embodiment of the invention, said apparatus being in the closed position.
  • The figure 2 is a view identical to the previous one, the apparatus being in the open position,
  • The figure 3 is a side view of said apparatus, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in a closed position of the apparatus,
  • The figure 4 is a view identical to the previous one, a part of the mechanism having been removed so as to better show the mechanical connection at the contact pressure springs,
  • The figure 5 is a side view identical to the figure 3 in an open position of the disconnector and closed of the bulb,
  • The figure 6 is a view identical to the figure 4 , in the position of the apparatus illustrated on the figure 5 ,
  • The figure 7 is a view identical to the figure 5 in an open position of the disconnector and the bulb,
  • The figure 8 is a partial perspective view, illustrating a part of said apparatus without the bulb and the disconnector, and
  • The figures 9 and 10 are two partial views in section, illustrating the mechanical connection between the support rod of the movable contact of the bulb and the cranks of the pole shaft.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, on voit un appareillage électrique multipolaire comportant pour chaque pôle deux cellules 1,2 montées en parallèles et reliées électriquement d'un côté, à un premier jeu de barres a et du côté opposé, à un second jeu de barres b.On the Figures 1 and 2 , we see a multipole electrical equipment comprising for each pole two cells 1.2 mounted in parallel and electrically connected on one side, to a first set of bars a and the opposite side, to a second set of bars b.

La première cellule 1, située à droite de la figure, comporte dans cette réalisation particulière, un disjoncteur à vide 3 comportant une ampoule à vide 4 en série avec un sectionneur 5 à deux positions respectivement une position fermée et une position de mise à la terre.The first cell 1, located on the right of the figure, comprises in this particular embodiment, a vacuum circuit breaker 3 comprising a vacuum interrupter 4 in series. with a two-position switch 5 respectively a closed position and a grounding position.

La seconde cellule 2 située à gauche de la première, comporte un sectionneur à deux positions respectivement une position fermée de passage du courant et une position de sectionnement.The second cell 2 located to the left of the first, comprises a switch with two positions respectively a closed position of passage of the current and a sectioning position.

Ces deux cellules sont reliées mécaniquement de manière à obéir à un séquence ment particulier qui sera décrit dans ce qui suit.These two cells are mechanically connected so as to obey a particular sequence which will be described in what follows.

Sur la figure 1, l'appareillage est en position fermée, les deux circuits étant fermés car le disjoncteur et le sectionneur sont fermés, le courant nominal étant réparti dans les deux cellules.On the figure 1 , the equipment is in the closed position, the two circuits being closed because the circuit breaker and the disconnector are closed, the rated current being distributed in the two cells.

Pour passer en position ouverte, il est nécessaire d'ouvrir en premier le sectionneur 5 de la seconde cellule, afin que le courant soit dérivé totalement dans le disjoncteur 3 de la première cellule.To switch to the open position, it is necessary to first open the disconnector 5 of the second cell, so that the current is completely derived in the circuit breaker 3 of the first cell.

Lors de cette ouverture, il est impératif d'atteindre une distance d'isolement suffisante des contacts 6,7 du sectionneur 5 afin que lorsque les contacts de coupure 8,9 commencent à se séparer coupant ainsi le courant, il n'y ait pas de re-claquage diélectrique au niveau du sectionneur lors de l'apparition de la tension transitoire de rétablissement.During this opening, it is imperative to reach a sufficient isolation distance of the contacts 6,7 of the disconnector 5 so that when the breaking contacts 8,9 begin to separate thereby cutting the current, there is no dielectric re-breakdown at the disconnector when the transient voltage recovery occurs.

Inversement, lors du passage en position fermée de l'appareillage, il est nécessaire de fermer en premier l'ampoule 4 afin d'établir le courant au travers de cet organe, et ensuite de fermer le sectionneur 5 pour que le courant se répartisse dans les deux cellules électriques 1,2.Conversely, when switching to the closed position of the apparatus, it is necessary to first close the bulb 4 in order to establish the current through this member, and then to close the disconnector 5 so that the current is distributed in the two electric cells 1,2.

L'appareillage selon l'invention est commandé par un dispositif de commande permettant d'entraîner par une seule action de l'opérateur, les contacts 8,9 de l'ampoule 4 et 6,7 du sectionneur 5 de façon à garantir les étapes de fonctionnement précédemment mentionnées.The apparatus according to the invention is controlled by a control device allowing to drive by a single action of the operator, the contacts 8,9 of the bulb 4 and 6,7 of the disconnector 5 so as to guarantee the steps previously mentioned.

Sur les figures 3 à 7, ont été représentés du côté gauche des figures, le sectionneur 5 comportant un couteau 10 constituant un contact mobile et un plot fixe 11 représentant un contact fixe.On the Figures 3 to 7 , have been shown on the left side of the figures, the disconnector 5 comprising a knife 10 constituting a movable contact and a fixed stud 11 representing a fixed contact.

Ce couteau 10 est supporté par une manivelle 12 dite première montée libre en rotation autour d'un axe (X) dit premier fixe appartenant au châssis de l'appareil. Sur le côté droit des figures, a été représentée l'ampoule 4 du disjoncteur, ladite ampoule comportant de manière connue en soi une enveloppe de forme sensiblement cylindrique renfermant un contact fixe 8 par rapport à ladite enveloppe et un contact mobile 9 supporté par une tige mobile 13 selon l'axe de l'ampoule, ladite tige 13 comportant à l'une de ses extrémités, une pastille de contact 14 et étant reliée mécaniquement par son extrémité opposée, à une manivelle 15 dite seconde solidaire d'un arbre A dit arbre des pôles ou arbre de commande des ampoules, ledit arbre supportant un certain nombre de manivelles, ce nombre correspondant au nombre de pôles de l'appareillage.This knife 10 is supported by a crank 12 said first free fit in rotation about an axis (X) said first fixed belonging to the frame of the apparatus. On the right side of the figures, the bulb 4 of the circuit breaker has been represented, said bulb comprising, in a manner known per se, an envelope of substantially cylindrical shape enclosing a fixed contact 8 with respect to said envelope and a movable contact 9 supported by a rod. mobile 13 along the axis of the bulb, said rod 13 having at one of its ends, a contact pad 14 and being mechanically connected by its opposite end to a crank 15 said second integral with a shaft A said pole shaft or control shaft of the bulbs, said shaft supporting a number of cranks, this number corresponding to the number of poles of the apparatus.

Cet arbre A des pôles est monté libre en rotation autour d'un axe Y fixe par rapport au châssis de l'appareillage.This shaft has poles is rotatably mounted about a Y axis fixed relative to the frame of the apparatus.

Chacune de ces manivelles dites secondes 15 comporte une extrémité 15a solidaire en rotation de l'arbre des pôles, et une extrémité 15b opposée, reliée mécaniquement à la tige de commande du contact mobile de l'appareil. A cet effet, un barreau 16 formant une rotule partielle est montée articulée dans une ouverture prévue à cette extrémité de la manivelle 15, ce barreau comportant deux méplats opposés 16a,16b et étant traversé par un fourreau 17 monté coulissant à l'intérieur de ce barreau et comportant un orifice tubulaire 18 taraudé à l'intérieur duquel est montée et vissée la tige de commande 13 du contact mobile 9 de l'ampoule 4. On voit également que ce fourreau 17 comporte à ses deux extrémités opposées, deux parties de diamètre élargi 19,20 et formant respectivement deux surfaces d'appui 21,22.Each of these so-called seconds handwheels 15 has an end 15a integral in rotation with the pole shaft, and an opposite end 15b, mechanically connected to the control rod of the movable contact of the apparatus. For this purpose, a bar 16 forming a partial ball joint is mounted articulated in an opening provided at this end of the crank 15, this bar having two opposite flats 16a, 16b and being traversed by a sleeve 17 slidably mounted within this rod and having a threaded tubular orifice 18 inside which is mounted and screwed the control rod 13 of the movable contact 9 of the bulb 4. It is also seen that this sleeve 17 has at its two opposite ends, two diameter parts. 19,20 and respectively forming two bearing surfaces 21,22.

Autour de ce fourreau 17 sont également montées une assiette dite première 23 comportant une face 23a en appui sur l'une 21 dite première des surfaces d'appui précitées 21,22 du fourreau 17, et dont l'autre face 23b sert de surface d'appui à l'une 24a des extrémités d'un ressort de pression de contact 24, lequel est en appui par son extrémité opposée 24b, sur une assiette dite seconde 25 montée autour du fourreau 17 et prenant appui sur l'un 16a des méplats de la rotule précitée, tandis que l'autre méplat 16b de la rotule est destiné à venir en appui sur la surface d'appui dite seconde 22 du fourreau.Around this sleeve 17 are also mounted a so-called first plate 23 having a face 23a bearing on one of said 21 said abovementioned abutment surfaces 21,22 of the sleeve 17, and whose other face 23b serves as surface d pressing one end 24a of a contact pressure spring 24, which is supported by its opposite end 24b, on a so-called second plate 25 mounted around the sleeve 17 and bearing on one 16a of the flats of the aforementioned ball, while the other flat portion 16b of the ball joint is intended to bear against the so-called second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve.

La manivelle dite première 12 et la manivelle dite seconde 15 sont reliées mécaniquement par un ensemble mécanique comportant une bielle dite première 25 reliée de manière articulée par l'une de ses extrémités, à la manivelle dite première 12 et à son extrémité opposée, à l'une des extrémités d'une manivelle dite troisième 26 solidaire d'un arbre monté rotatif autour d'un axe dit troisième Z fixe par rapport au châssis de l'appareil. Cette manivelle dite troisième 26 est également reliée de manière articulée par une autre extrémité, à l'une des extrémités d'une bielle dite seconde 27, laquelle est reliée de manière articulée par une autre de ses extrémités à la manivelle dite seconde 15 solidaire de l'arbre des pôles A.The so-called first crank 12 and the so-called second crank 15 are mechanically connected by a mechanical assembly comprising a so-called first link 25 connected in an articulated manner by one of its ends, to the so-called first crank 12 and at its opposite end, at one end of a so-called third crank 26 integral with a shaft rotatably mounted about an axis said third Z fixed with respect to the frame of the apparatus. This so-called third crank 26 is also connected in an articulated manner by another end, at one of the ends of a so-called second rod 27, which is connected in an articulated manner by another of its ends to the so-called second crank 15 secured to the pole tree A.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif de commande de l'appareillage électrique décrit précédemment, et correspondant à une réalisation particulière de l'invention va être décrit dans ce qui suit en référence aux figures.The operation of the control device of the electrical equipment described above, and corresponding to a particular embodiment of the invention will be described in the following with reference to the figures.

Sur les figures 3 et 4, le dispositif de commande est en position fermée, le couteau 10 du sectionneur 5 étant fermé sur le plot fixe 11 et les contacts fixe 8 et mobile 9 de l'ampoule 4 étant fermés. Dans cette position, l'arbre de commande A du disjoncteur 3 est verrouillé par un système d'accrochage l'empêchant d'être entraîné en rotation sous l'effet des ressorts d'ouverture non représentés et montés autour des ressorts de pression de contact 24, ces ressorts étant également en appui sur l'assiette inférieure précitée 25. Dans cette position, les ressorts de pression de contact 24, ainsi que les ressorts d'ouverture du mécanisme du disjoncteur 3, sont comprimés et les manivelles dites secondes 15 sont en position haute.On the figures 3 and 4 , the control device is in the closed position, the knife 10 of the disconnector 5 being closed on the fixed pad 11 and the fixed 8 and movable contacts 9 of the bulb 4 are closed. In this position, the control shaft A of the circuit breaker 3 is locked by an attachment system preventing it from being rotated under the effect of the opening springs not shown and mounted around the contact pressure springs. 24, these springs also bearing on the above-mentioned lower plate 25. In this position, the contact pressure springs 24, as well as the opening springs of the circuit breaker mechanism 3, are compressed and the so-called second cranks 15 are in high position.

Lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture, le dispositif de verrouillage de l'arbre A de commande du disjoncteur 3 est désactivé, ce qui conduit au fait que les ressorts de pression de contacts 24 peuvent dans un premier temps se décomprimer et entraîner en même temps les manivelles dites secondes 15 sur lesquelles ils sont en appui, en rotation dans le sens horaire, par l'intermédiaire de l'assiette dite inférieure 25 en appui sur la rotule 16, laquelle est solidaire de la manivelle dite seconde 15. Ceci entraîne, par l'intermédiaire de la bielle dite seconde 27, la rotation de la manivelle dite troisième 26 solidaire de l'arbre de commande dans le sens horaire, et par là-même, la rotation de la bielle dite première 25 et aussi de la manivelle dite première 12 supportant le couteau 10, laquelle tourne dans le sens horaire entraînant de ce fait l'ouverture partielle du contact mobile 10 du sectionneur 5. Dans cette position partiellement ouverte du sectionneur 5 illustrée sur les figures 5 et 6, la distance de séparation des contacts du sectionneur, est suffisante pour tenir la TTR (tension transitoire de rétablissement) qui est la tension qui va s'établir aux bornes des contacts du sectionneur et de l'ampoule lors d'une nouvelle fermeture de l'appareillage. Pendant ce mouvement en rotation des manivelles dites secondes 15, ces manivelles n'ont pas entraîné la tige d'entraînement 13 du contact mobile 8 de l'ampoule, car pendant ce mouvement, le ressort 24 a entraîné l'assiette 25 en translation le long du fourreau 17, laquelle assiette 25 a transmis ce mouvement au barreau 16, mais cet ensemble s'est déplacé sans atteindre l'épaulement, situé à la partie inférieure du fourreau et formé par la surface d'appui dite seconde 22 du fourreau 16.During an opening maneuver, the locking device of the control shaft A of the circuit breaker 3 is deactivated, which leads to the fact that the contact pressure springs 24 can initially decompress and lead at the same time time the cranks said seconds 15 on which they are supported, in rotation in the clockwise direction, through the said lower plate 25 bearing on the ball 16, which is integral with the crank said second 15. This involves , by means of the so-called second rod 27, the rotation of the so-called third crank 26 integral with the control shaft in the clockwise direction, and thereby the rotation of the so-called first rod 25 and also of the said first crank 12 supporting the knife 10, which rotates in the clockwise direction thereby causing partial opening of the movable contact 10 of the 5. In this partially open position of the disconnector 5 illustrated on the figures 5 and 6 , the separation distance of the switch contacts, is sufficient to hold the TTR (transient recovery voltage) which is the voltage that will be established across the contacts of the disconnector and the bulb when a new closing of the 'equipment. During this movement in rotation of the cranks said seconds 15, these cranks did not drive the drive rod 13 of the movable contact 8 of the bulb, because during this movement, the spring 24 has driven the plate 25 in translation the along the sleeve 17, which plate 25 has transmitted this movement to the bar 16, but this set has moved without reaching the shoulder, located at the bottom of the sleeve and formed by the so-called second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve 16 .

A cette étape de fonctionnement du mécanisme, les ressorts d'ouverture du mécanisme, lesquels sont également en appui sur l'assiette dite inférieure 25, vont prendre le relais et entraîner l'arbre des pôles A, et les manivelles 15 dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, ce qui entraîne le déplacement de la tige 13 et donc l'ouverture des contacts 8,9 de l'ampoule 4, position illustrée sur la figure 7. Ce mouvement des manivelles va être transmis au couteau du sectionneur par l'intermédiaire de la cinématique décrite précédemment.At this stage of operation of the mechanism, the opening springs of the mechanism, which are also resting on the so-called bottom plate 25, will take over and drive the shaft of the poles A, and the cranks 15 in the direction of the clockwise, which causes the displacement of the rod 13 and thus the opening of the contacts 8, 9 of the bulb 4, as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 . This movement of the cranks will be transmitted to the knife of the disconnector via the kinematics described above.

Lors d'une manoeuvre inverse de fermeture de l'appareillage, les ressorts de fermeture du mécanisme entraînent l'arbre des pôles A et les manivelles dites secondes 15 dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, ce qui entraîne la compression des ressorts de pression de contact 24 par l'intermédiaire de la seconde surface d'appui 22 du fourreau 17, du barreau 16 et de l'assiette inférieure 25. L'effort de fermeture est ensuite transmis par ces ressorts 24 à la tige 13 d'entraînement du contact mobile 9 de l'ampoule 4 par l'intermédiaire de l'assiette dite supérieure 23 et de l'autre surface d'appui 21 du fourreau 17. Ce déplacement en rotation de ces manivelles 15 entraîne d'autre part, la rotation dans le sens antihoraire de la manivelle dite troisième 26 par l'intermédiaire de la bielle dite seconde 27, et la rotation dans le sens antihoraire de la manivelle dite première 12 par l'intermédiaire de la bielle dite première, ce qui entraîne la fermeture des contacts 8 ,9 du sectionneur 5, position illustrée sur les figures 3 et 4.During a reverse closing operation of the apparatus, the closing springs of the mechanism drive the pole shaft A and the so-called second cranks 15 counterclockwise, which causes compression of the springs. contact pressure 24 via the second bearing surface 22 of the sleeve 17, the bar 16 and the lower plate 25. The closing force is then transmitted by these springs 24 to the rod 13 of driving the movable contact 9 of the bulb 4 through the so-called upper plate 23 and the other bearing surface 21 of the sleeve 17. This rotational movement of these cranks 15 causes the other, the counterclockwise rotation of the so-called third crank 26 via the so-called second rod 27, and the rotation in the counterclockwise direction of the so-called first crank 12 by means of the so-called first connecting rod, which results in the closing the contacts 8, 9 of the disconnector 5, illustrated position on the figures 3 and 4 .

Ainsi, les longueurs des bielles et des manivelles sont choisies de telle manière que lors de cette phase de compression des ressorts de pression de contact 24, la rotation de l'arbre de commande A permet de réaliser une rotation suffisante du contact mobile du sectionneur 5 afin d'atteindre la distance qu'il a été nécessaire d'atteindre lors de l'ouverture pour la tenue de la tension transitoire de rétablissement.Thus, the lengths of the connecting rods and cranks are chosen such that during this compression phase of the contact pressure springs 24, the rotation of the control shaft A makes it possible to achieve sufficient rotation of the movable contact of the disconnector 5. to reach the distance that it was necessary to reach during the opening to maintain the transient recovery voltage.

Il apparaît, sur la figure 3 en particulier, que la cinématique d'entraînement des contacts de coupure 8,9 a été réalisée de façon à augmenter le rapport de démultiplication lors de la fin de la course de fermeture. Ceci a été réalisé en créant un rapprochement vers une ligne de passage de point mort L entre la bielle dite seconde 27 et la manivelle dite troisième 26, en fin de fermeture.It appears, on the figure 3 in particular, that the driving kinematics of the cut-off contacts 8, 9 has been made so as to increase the gear ratio at the end of the closing stroke. This has been achieved by creating a rapprochement to a dead center line L between the so-called second rod 27 and the third crank 26, at the end of closing.

La cinématique d'entraînement du sectionneur 5 a été réalisée en amplifiant cette grande course angulaire de l'arbre des pôles pour permettre une rotation du sectionneur permettant la tenue de la TTR.The drive kinematics of the disconnector 5 were made by amplifying this large angular travel of the pole shaft to allow rotation of the disconnector allowing the holding of the TTR.

En fin de manoeuvre d'ouverture du sectionneur 5, cette cinématique est réalisée de telle manière que l'on s'approche également d'une ligne de passage de point mort M entre la manivelle dite troisième 26 et la bielle dite première 25 en fin de manoeuvre d'ouverture, de façon à permettre à la commande d'ouvrir les contacts de coupure en minimisant la rotation du sectionneur. De plus cette ligne de passage de point mort permet d'arrêter en douceur le sectionneur 5 et d'éviter ainsi qu'il oscille violement en fin d'ouverture, ce qui pourrait causer des mouvements de rotation parasites de la commande en fin d'ouverture.At the end of the opening maneuver of the disconnector 5, this kinematics is performed in such a way that one also approaches a dead center passage line M between the so-called third crank 26 and the so-called first rod 25 at the end. opening operation, so as to allow the control to open the cutoff contacts by minimizing the rotation of the disconnector. In addition, this neutral passage line allows the switch 5 to be gently stopped and thus to avoid oscillating violently at the end of opening, which could cause parasitic rotation movements of the control at the end of opening.

Ainsi, le dispositif de commande de l'appareillage selon l'invention, a été conçu de manière à réaliser deux cinématiques différentes pour chaque organe électrique, chaque organe étant relié mécaniquement à l'arbre de sortie du dispositif de commande du disjoncteur, les rapports de démultiplication étant différents entre les deux cinématiques, ces rapports étant déterminés par les rapports de longueur entre les différentes bielles et manivelles.Thus, the control device of the apparatus according to the invention has been designed so as to produce two different kinematics for each electrical member, each member being mechanically connected to the output shaft of the circuit breaker control device. gear ratios being different between the two kinematics, these ratios being determined by the ratios of length between the different connecting rods and cranks.

La présente invention a donc permis de réaliser un dispositif mécanique permettant de manoeuvrer en une même manoeuvre un organe de coupure et un organe de sectionnement disposés en parallèle et dont l'organe de sectionnement doit s'ouvrir en premier afin de dériver tout le courant dans l'organe de coupure, et dont l'organe de sectionnement doit se fermer en dernier, car cela évite d'avoir un pouvoir de fermeture, afin de dériver une partie du courant de l'organe de coupure, ceci après la fermeture du circuit par l'organe de sectionnement.The present invention has thus made it possible to produce a mechanical device making it possible to maneuver in the same maneuver a cut-off member and a disconnecting member arranged in parallel and whose disconnecting member must open first in order to derive all the current in the cut-off member, and whose sectioning member must close last, as this avoids to have a power of closure, in order to derive a part of the current of the cut-off device, this after closure of the circuit by the sectioning member.

Ce dispositif permet de garantir une distance d'isolement suffisante du sectionneur pour la tenue de la TTR avant que les contacts de coupure ne commencent à se séparer, ceci en utilisant les phases de compression/décompression des ressorts de pression de contact pour actionner le sectionneur.This device ensures a sufficient isolation distance of the disconnector for the holding of the TTR before the cut-off contacts start to separate, this using the compression / decompression phases of the contact pressure springs to actuate the disconnector .

Ce dispositif permet de manoeuvrer deux organes électriques avec un décalage de l'ouverture et de la fermeture de l'un par rapport à l'autre, avec une cinématique sans rupture de mouvement constituée de liaisons pivot (pas de lumière pour des courses à vide) et donc ne générant pas de chocs.This device makes it possible to maneuver two electric organs with a shift of the opening and the closing of one with respect to the other, with a kinematics without rupture of movement constituted by pivot connections (no light for empty strokes ) and therefore not generating shocks.

Ce dispositif permet de manoeuvrer deux organes électriques dont le décalage de l'un par rapport à l'autre est garanti par une chaîne cinématique rigide et fiable.This device makes it possible to maneuver two electric members whose offset from one with respect to the other is guaranteed by a rigid and reliable kinematic chain.

Ce dispositif permet également de garantir la concordance d'état de deux organes électriques différents (l'un ne peut pas être ouvert si l'autre ne l'est pas).This device also makes it possible to guarantee the state concordance of two different electrical organs (one can not be opened if the other is not).

Ceci garantit une image fiable de la position des deux organes électriques par rapport à celui de la commande.This ensures a reliable image of the position of the two electrical components relative to that of the control.

Naturellement, diverses modifications sont possibles. Le nombre de modules n'est pas limité à trois. L'invention s'applique également à des ampoules dipolaires, quadripolaires voir hexa polaire ou octo polaire, le mécanisme d'entraînement peut être de tout type c'est à dire à ressorts de fermeture et d'ouverture distincts, à un seul ressort, à un seul ressort permettant la fermeture et l'ouverture.Naturally, various modifications are possible. The number of modules is not limited to three. The invention also applies to dipole, quadrupole or even hexa polar or octagonal polar bulbs, the drive mechanism can be of any type, ie with separate closing and opening springs, with a single spring, single spring for closing and opening.

Claims (14)

Appareillage de distribution électrique destiné à être interposée entre deux parties d'un circuit électrique de manière à assurer au moins la fonction de passage du courant entre les parties et de coupure du courant en cas de défaut électrique,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe de coupure ou d'interruption électrique dit premier (3), et un organe de sectionnement électrique (5), dit second, montés en parallèle, les deux organes électriques pouvant prendre tous les deux une position ouverte et une position fermée, en position ouverte et respectivement en position fermée de l'appareillage, en ce que l'ouverture et la fermeture des premier et second organes électriques est commandée par le premier organe électrique (3), et en ce que lors du passage de l'appareillage de la position fermée à la position ouverte, les contacts (6,7) de l'organe de sectionnement (5) sont tout d'abord ouverts créant entre ses contacts un arc et une tension d'arc, permettant au courant d'être dérivé sensiblement totalement dans l'organe de coupure (3) ou d'interruption, l'ouverture de ces contacts se poursuivant jusqu'à l'obtention d'une distance d'isolement suffisante entre les contacts dudit organe de sectionnement, avant l'ouverture des contacts (8,9) de l'organe de coupure (3) ou d'interruption, afin d'éviter tout reclaquage diélectrique au niveau de l'organe de sectionnement lors de l'établissement de la tension transitoire de rétablissement (TTR) après la fermeture des contacts des deux organes.Electrical distribution apparatus intended to be interposed between two parts of an electrical circuit so as to ensure at least the function of current flow between the parts and of breaking the current in the event of an electrical fault,
characterized in that it comprises an electrical breaking or interruption member said first (3), and an electrical severing member (5), said second, connected in parallel, the two electrical organs can both take a position open and a closed position, in the open position and respectively in the closed position of the apparatus, in that the opening and closing of the first and second electrical members is controlled by the first electrical member (3), and in that passing the apparatus from the closed position to the open position, the contacts (6, 7) of the disconnecting member (5) are firstly open, creating between its contacts an arc and an arc voltage, allowing the current to be substantially completely derived in the cut-off member (3) or interruption, the opening of these contacts continuing until a sufficient isolation distance is obtained between the contacts of said member sectioning, before opening the contacts (8, 9) of the breaking device (3) or interruption, in order to avoid any dielectric reclamation at the sectioning member during the establishment of the transient recovery voltage (TTR) after closing the contacts of both organs. Appareillage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour, lors du passage de la position ouverte à la position fermée, fermer en premier l'organe électrique dit premier (3) afin d'établir le passage du courant au travers de cet organe, puis fermer le second organe électrique (5) afin que le courant se répartisse dans les deux organes électriques précités (3,5).Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for, during the passage from the open position to the closed position, first close the electrical member said first (3) to establish the passage of the current to through this member, then close the second electrical member (5) so that the current is distributed in the two aforementioned electrical members (3,5). Appareillage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'organe électrique dit premier est un disjoncteur ou un interrupteur à au moins deux positions (3), respectivement une position fermée et une position ouverte, tandis que le second organe électrique est un sectionneur (5) à au moins deux positions respectivement une position fermée et une position ouverte.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said first electrical member is a circuit breaker or a switch to at least two positions (3), respectively a closed position and an open position, while the second electrical member is a switch (5) at at least two positions respectively a closed position and an open position. Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'interruption ou de coupure du courant précité (3) comporte des ressorts de pression de contact (24) aptes à assurer la pression de contact entre les contacts fixe et mobile (8,9) dudit organe d'interruption et de coupure (3) après la fermeture de ces contacts, et en ce que l'on utilise la phase de compression/décompression de ces ressorts de pression de contact (24) pour actionner le sectionneur (5).Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the interruption or cut-off member of the aforementioned current (3) comprises contact pressure springs (24) able to ensure the contact pressure between the fixed and movable contacts (8, 9) of said interrupting and breaking device (3) after the closing of these contacts, and in that the compression / decompression phase of these contact pressure springs (24) is used. ) to operate the disconnector (5). Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit organe de coupure ou d'interruption du courant (3) comporte une ampoule à vide (4).Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said current interrupter or interrupter (3) comprises a vacuum interrupter (4). Appareillage selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de commande commandés par la décompression des ressorts de pression de contact (24), et en ce que, préalablement à l'ouverture des contacts (8,9) de l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption du courant (3), ces moyens de commande commandent une partie de l'ouverture des contacts du second organe (5), de telle manière que lorsque cette phase de décompression est terminée, et que les contacts (8,9) dudit organe de coupure ou d'interruption (3) commencent à s'ouvrir, la distance de séparation des contacts (6,7) du second organe (5) est suffisante pour tenir la tension transitoire de rétablissement (TTR).Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it comprises control means controlled by the decompression of the contact pressure springs (24), and in that , prior to the opening of the contacts (8,9) of the current interrupting or breaking device (3), these control means control a part of the opening of the contacts of the second member (5), so that when this decompression phase is completed, and that the contacts (8,9) of said interrupting or interrupting member (3) begin to open, the separation distance of the contacts (6,7) of the second member (5) is sufficient to hold the transient recovery voltage (TTR). Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux cinématiques différentes respectivement pour les deux organes électriques (3,5), lesdites cinématiques étant reliées mécaniquement à l'arbre de commande A des contacts de l'organe électrique dit premier (3), les deux cinématiques présentant des rapports de démultiplication différents par rapport audit arbre.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two different kinematics respectively for the two electrical members (3,5), said kinematics being mechanically connected to the control shaft A of the contacts of the organ electrical said first (3), the two kinematics having different gear ratios relative to said shaft. Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux cinématiques différentes respectivement pour les deux organes électriques (3,5), lesdites cinématiques étant reliées mécaniquement à l'arbre de commande A des contacts de l'organe électrique dit premier (3), les deux cinématiques présentant des rapports de démultiplication différents par rapport audit arbre, et en ce que la cinématique d'entraînement du sectionneur (5) a été réalisée de façon à amplifier le mouvement de rotation du sectionneur (5) par rapport à celui de l'arbre A de commande du disjoncteur.Apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that it comprises two different kinematics respectively for the two electrical members (3,5), said kinematics being mechanically connected to the control shaft A contacts of the electrical member said first (3), the two kinematics having different gear ratios with respect to said shaft, and in that the drive kinematics of the disconnector (5) has been made to amplify the rotational movement of the disconnector (5) relative to that of the circuit breaker control shaft A. Appareillage selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour rapprocher un ensemble constitué par une manivelle (26) dite troisième reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite seconde (27), d'une ligne de passage de point mort L, de manière à augmenter le rapport de démultiplication lors de la fin de la course de fermeture, de façon à avoir à la fin de la fermeture, une grande course angulaire de commande du sectionneur (5) correspondant à une faible course de compression des ressorts de pression de contact (24).Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that it comprises means for bringing together a set consisting of a said third crank (26) connected in an articulated manner to a so-called second rod (27), a line of passage of neutral point L, so as to increase the gear ratio at the end of the closing stroke, so as to have at the end of the closing, a large angular control stroke of the disconnector (5) corresponding to a short stroke of compression of the contact pressure springs (24). Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour rapprocher d'une ligne de passage de point mort M, un ensemble comportant une manivelle dite troisième (26) reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite première (25), de manière qu'en fin de manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'appareillage, le dispositif de commande ouvre les contacts (6,7) du premier organe (3) en minimisant l'amplitude de la rotation du sectionneur (5).Apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that it comprises means for moving a dead center line M, an assembly comprising a said third crank (26) connected in an articulated manner to a said first connecting rod (25), so that at the end of the opening operation of the apparatus, the control device opens the contacts (6, 7) of the first member (3) while minimizing the amplitude of the rotation of the disconnector (5). Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est commandé par un dispositif de commande comprenant une manivelle dite seconde (15) solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de commande A du premier organe électrique (3), ladite manivelle (15) étant reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une bielle dite seconde (27) dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une manivelle dite troisième (26) solidaire en rotation d'un arbre monté en rotation autour d'un axe dit troisième Z fixe du châssis, et dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite première (25) reliée de manière articulée, par une autre extrémité, à une manivelle dite première (12) supportant le couteau (10) du sectionneur (5), ladite manivelle dite première (12) étant montée libre en rotation autour d'un axe dit premier X fixe du châssis, la rotation dudit arbre étant empêchée par un système d'accrochage déverrouillable pour permettre sa rotation lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture manuelle ou automatique de l'appareillage.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is controlled by a control device comprising a so-called second crank (15) integral in rotation with the control shaft A of the first electrical member (3), said crank (15) being hingedly connected to one end of a second said connecting rod (27) of which another end is connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called third crank (26) rotatably connected to a shaft rotatably mounted about an axis called third fixed Z of the frame, and another end of which is connected articulated to a first said connecting rod (25) connected in an articulated manner, at another end, to a so-called first crank (12) supporting the knife (10) of the disconnector (5), said so-called first crank (12) being mounted free in rotation about an axis said first stationary X of the frame, the rotation of said shaft being prevented by an unlockable latching system to allow its rotation during a manual opening maneuver or automatic device. Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est commandé par un dispositif de commande comprenant une manivelle dite seconde (15) solidaire en rotation de l'arbre de commande A du premier organe électrique (3), ladite manivelle (15) étant reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une bielle dite seconde (27) dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à l'une des extrémités d'une manivelle dite troisième (26) solidaire en rotation d'un arbre monté en rotation autour d'un axe dit troisième Z fixe du châssis, et dont une autre extrémité est reliée de manière articulée à une bielle dite première (25) reliée de manière articulée, par une autre extrémité, à une manivelle dite première (12) supportant le couteau (10) du sectionneur (5), ladite manivelle dite première (12) étant montée libre en rotation autour d'un axe dit premier X fixe du châssis, la rotation dudit arbre étant empêchée par un système d'accrochage déverrouillable pour permettre sa rotation lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture manuelle ou automatique de l'appareillage, et en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour fournir, lors de la phase de compression des ressorts de pression de contact (24) pour réaliser la fermeture de l'appareil, une grande rotation de l'arbre de commande A permettant de réaliser une rotation suffisante du sectionneur (5) afin d'atteindre une distance nécessaire à la tenue de la TTR.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is controlled by a control device comprising a so-called second crank (15) integral in rotation with the control shaft A of the first electrical member (3), said crank (15) being connected in an articulated manner to one of the ends of a so-called second rod (27), another end of which is connected in an articulated manner to one end of a so-called third crank (26) integral with rotation of a shaft mounted in rotation about an axis Z fixed third fixed frame, and another end is hingedly connected to a said first rod (25) connected in an articulated manner, at another end, to a said first crank (12) supporting the knife (10) of the disconnector (5), said first crank (12) being mounted free to rotate about an axis said first stationary X of the frame, the rotation of said shaft being prevented by a releasable locking system to allow its rotation during a manual or automatic opening operation of the apparatus, and in that it comprises means for providing, during the compression phase of the pressure springs contact (24) to achieve the closure of the apparatus, a large rotation of the control shaft A to achieve sufficient rotation of the disconnector (5) to achieve a distance necessary for the holding of the TTR. Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de coupure ou d'interruption du courant (3) comporte une tige (13) de support de son contact mobile (9), laquelle tige (13) est solidaire d'un fourreau (17) comportant deux surfaces d'appui (21,22) et autour duquel est monté le ressort de pression de contact (24), ledit ressort (24) étant interposé entre d'une part, une première assiette (23) dite supérieure interposée entre la première surface d'appui (21) du fourreau (17) et le ressort (24), et d'autre part une assiette dite inférieure (25) interposée entre ce ressort (24) et un barreau (16), lequel barreau (16) est monté rotatif par rapport à la bielle dite seconde (27) et monté à coulissement autour du fourreau (17), ledit barreau (16) étant en appui par l'intermédiaire de deux méplats (16a,16b) opposés respectivement sur l'assiette dite inférieure (25) et la seconde surface d'appui (22) du fourreau (17).Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cut-off or interruption member of the current (3) comprises a rod (13) for supporting its movable contact (9), which rod (13) is secured to a sleeve (17) having two bearing surfaces (21,22) and around which is mounted the contact pressure spring (24), said spring (24) being interposed between on the one hand, a first plate (23) said upper interposed between the first bearing surface (21) of the sleeve (17) and the spring (24), and secondly a so-called lower plate (25) interposed between this spring (24) and a bar (16), which bar (16) is rotatably mounted relative to the said second rod (27) and slidably mounted around the sleeve (17), said bar (16) being supported by means of two flats (16a). , 16b) opposite respectively on the so-called bottom plate (25) and the second bearing surface (22) of the sleeve (17). Appareillage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que c'est un appareil de distribution électrique moyenne tension.Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a medium voltage electrical distribution apparatus.
EP12306078.2A 2011-09-27 2012-09-07 Medium-voltage electric distribution apparatus Not-in-force EP2575155B1 (en)

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FR2980633B1 (en) 2013-09-06
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CN103021728B (en) 2018-06-15
FR2980633A1 (en) 2013-03-29

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