EP2572430A2 - Method for controlling the maximum charge rate of an electrochemical energy store device - Google Patents
Method for controlling the maximum charge rate of an electrochemical energy store deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP2572430A2 EP2572430A2 EP11721232A EP11721232A EP2572430A2 EP 2572430 A2 EP2572430 A2 EP 2572430A2 EP 11721232 A EP11721232 A EP 11721232A EP 11721232 A EP11721232 A EP 11721232A EP 2572430 A2 EP2572430 A2 EP 2572430A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- storage device
- energy storage
- electrochemical energy
- maximum
- charging rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/443—Methods for charging or discharging in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling the maximum charging rate of an electrochemical energy storage device and to an electrochemical energy storage device with such a method.
- Electrochemical energy storage devices are generally cost-intensive components. In order to produce as cost-effective and thus competitive products, it is necessary to exploit and operate all components and in particular the electrochemical energy storage devices to their power limit. If electrochemical energy storage devices are operated below the maximum possible performance limits, the result is an expensive and inefficient overall system.
- Electrochemical energy storage devices are also technically highly complex facilities that can be damaged immediately by a faulty operation.
- the operating parameters of an electrochemical energy storage device are dependent on many boundary conditions, so that they are preferably operated efficiently by means of a controller.
- the maximum charge rate which can be taken from or supplied to an electrochemical energy storage device, in particular an energy storage device which has at least one lithium ion cell, is a characteristic for the operating strategy of an electrochemical energy storage device.
- the charging rate of an electrochemical energy storage device is preferably characterized by a current intensity.
- the invention will be explained below with reference to a method for an electrochemical energy storage device, wherein it is made up of a plurality of energy storage cells, in particular of lithium-ion cells. It should be noted that the method according to the invention can also be advantageously applied to other electrochemical energy storage devices and the description does not limit the applicability of the invention.
- DE 19543 874 A1 proposes a simple method for determining the discharge characteristic. In this case, this discharge rate is approximated by means of a measured temperature, voltage, current by means of a spatially curved surface. Especially for particularly high or low temperatures uncontrolled conditions for the control of the electrochemical energy storage device may result.
- the present invention is based on the object to increase the usability of an electrochemical energy storage device and in particular to improve the reliability of this. This task will
- a method for controlling the maximum charging rate during a charging or discharging operation of an electrochemical Energy storage device is generally characterized by a current strength. This current depends on the operating state of the electrochemical energy storage device and on a group of boundary conditions. In particular, this group regularly has the temperature of at least one region of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the maximum charging rate may depend crucially on the operating mode of an electrochemical energy storage device, it is therefore to be distinguished, in particular, whether the electrochemical energy storage device is supplied with energy or is discharged from it. is taken.
- the electrochemical energy storage device can heat up during charging or discharging, in particular the duration of the energy extraction or energy supply can therefore influence the amount of the removable or supply current.
- the removable or supplyable current intensity depends in particular on the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device and is therefore preferably controlled in dependence thereon.
- the electrochemical energy storage cell is operated in a critical temperature range, this is difficult to control.
- the extractable or feedable current intensity is controlled to zero by the method according to the invention.
- the maximum charging rate of an electrochemical energy storage device is understood to mean a value which is preferably determined by a
- Amperage is characterizable.
- the maximum charge rate is preferably characterized by an amperage which under the current boundary conditions, such as in particular the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device maximum, this can be supplied or removed, without causing damage occurs.
- the maximum charging rate describes both the charge rate during a charging process and the discharge rate during a discharging process of an electrochemical energy storage device.
- a charging process is to be understood in particular as the supply of electrical energy into this electrochemical energy storage device, wherein this supplied electrical energy in the electrochemical energy storage device is at least partially preferably converted into chemically bound energy and thus stored.
- An electrochemical energy storage device is preferably understood to mean a device for storing electrical energy.
- the energy is stored in chemically bound form in an electrochemical energy storage device.
- This electrochemical energy storage device preferably has at least one lithium ion cell, preferably several.
- the maximum charging rate of an electrochemical energy storage device depends in particular on various boundary conditions and operating parameters.
- the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is such a constraint.
- the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device is preferably understood to mean the temperature of at least one region of at least one electrochemical energy storage cell. In particular, this temperature can be measured directly at or in this energy storage cell or, preferably, the temperature of the energy storage cell can be measured indirectly at one or more sections of the housing of the electrochemical energy storage device. Preferably, this temperature is used to control the maximum charging rate of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- detecting a charging or discharging process it is to be understood in particular that it is preferably detected by the evaluation of measuring signals in a control device whether energy is supplied or removed from the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the charging or discharging process is detected on the basis of a current flow or preferably based on a voltage difference.
- the duration of a charging or discharging process is to be understood in particular as meaning the period of time for which there is preferably an uninterrupted charging or discharging process of an electrochemical energy storage device. Preferably, the period is also measured for which neither a loading still a discharge is present.
- the duration of the charging or discharging process is preferably used for the control of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is to be understood in particular as the ratio between the maximum energy that can be stored in this energy and the energy currently stored in it.
- the maximum energy that can be stored in the electrochemical energy storage device depends on the state of aging of the same.
- the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is
- 1 denotes that the electrochemical energy storage device is completely charged.
- a maximum temperature is to be understood as a predefined limit temperature.
- the maximum charging rate is set to a predefined limit.
- the predefined limit value of the maximum charging rate when reaching the maximum temperature is zero.
- no energy is supplied or removed.
- a minimum temperature is to be understood as a predefined limit temperature.
- the maximum charge rate is set to a predefined limit.
- the predefined limit value of the charging rate is zero when the minimum temperature is reached.
- the charging rate is provided at an interface of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- Interface is preferably used to send signals to or from the electrical chemical energy storage device to transmit.
- a variable characterizing the charge rate is preferably provided at this interface.
- this interface can be connected to a bus system.
- the charging rate is transmitted at a predetermined frequency recurring to this interface, preferably with a frequency of 1 Hz to 50 Hz, more preferably 5 Hz to 30 Hz.
- the frequency of the transmission depends on different boundary conditions and is variable. Due to the recurrent transmission of the charging rate, it is achieved, in particular, that current data is available for controlling the electrochemical energy storage device, thereby in particular improving operational reliability.
- the size of the maximum charging rate depends on the duration of the energy removal or the energy supply to the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the maximum charge rate is greater the shorter the duration of the energy extraction or energy supply.
- a maximum charge rate is predefined for very short durations of energy extraction or energy supply.
- a maximum charging rate is defined for very long periods of energy removal or energy supply to the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the maximum charge rate is at least partially writable by an exponentially flattening time function.
- This time function has its highest value for pulse-like energy withdrawals or energy supplies.
- the exponential flattening time function has its lowest value.
- Under a pulse-like energy extraction or energy supply is preferably an energy extraction or energy supply with a short duration, preferably with a duration of less than a second to understand.
- Under a continuous energy extraction or energy supply is preferably an energy extraction or energy supply with a long duration, preferably with a duration of more than 60 seconds, particularly preferably more than 100 seconds to understand.
- the maximum charging rate C depends on the duration of the discharging or charging process and is sufficient
- the value for the function f is set to a predefined value. This value is preferably between 0 and 2, preferably between 0 and 1 and particularly preferably this value is 1.
- the upper control value of the maximum charging rate is to be understood as a parameter which preferably serves to adapt the control of the maximum charging rate to an electrochemical energy storage device.
- the lower control value of the maximum charge rate is to be understood as a parameter which preferably serves to adapt the control of the maximum charge rate to an electrochemical energy storage device.
- the upper control value of the maximum charging rate is greater than the lower control value.
- the upper control value is to be understood as an upper limit value which does not exceed the maximum charge rate.
- the lower control value is to be regarded as a lower limit value for the maximum charging rate, wherein the maximum charging rate preferably falls below this lower limit value only if it is controlled to zero.
- the constant H is in the range of 0.001 to 0.5, more preferably 0.03 to 0.09, and most preferably about 0.055.
- the value of the function f depends on the SOC.
- a different maximum charging rate is preferably assigned to each and particularly preferably to a part of different states of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the function is a cubic or linear function or preferably one
- the constants m, K iv and v are chosen such that a monotonically decreasing function is given, preferably the function f is monotonically decreasing at least within a value range of SOC.
- the constant K m is in the range of 0.001 to 0.5, preferably 0.005 to 0.07, and more preferably about 0.012.
- V is from 0.01 to 10, more preferably 1.5 to 3, and most preferably about 2.182.
- the constant v is from a range of 50 to 100, more preferably 75 to 99.5, and most preferably about 98.19.
- the maximum charging rate for the energy supply and for the energy extraction is determined by means of different functions f.
- the maximum charging rate in the energy extraction does not depend on the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the value of the function f for the energy supply or for the energy extraction is determined at least with different constants K ⁇ to K v , preferably individual constants K ⁇ to Ky are equal for the energy extraction or energy supply.
- the charging rate as a function of the duration of the energy supply or energy removal from the electrochemical energy storage device is achieved in particular that this is not overloaded, thus the reliability of an electrochemical energy storage device is increased by the controller according to a method of the invention.
- the lower the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device during energy extraction or energy supply the smaller the charge rate.
- the higher the temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device during energy extraction or energy supply the greater the charge rate.
- the maximum charge rate is controlled from a minimum temperature of -40 ° C to -25 ° C to a predefined limit.
- this predefined limit value of the charging rate is equal to zero.
- predefined limit value is achieved in particular that from this minimum temperature of the electrochemical energy storage device no energy can be supplied or removed from this.
- the maximum charging rate of the electrochemical energy storage device is controlled to a predefined value.
- this predefined limit value of the charging rate is equal to zero. In particular, this predefined limit value ensures that no energy can be taken from the electrochemical energy storage device or supplied to it from the maximum temperature.
- the predefined minimum or maximum temperature prevents it above or below these temperatures too
- the charging rate for charging processes differs from the charging rate for discharging operations at least in certain areas.
- an electrochemical energy storage device has a control, which in particular controls the maximum charge rate according to the inventive method. By controlling the maximum charging rate by the method according to the invention, the reliability of the electrochemical energy storage device is increased. Further advantages and embodiments of the present invention will become apparent from the accompanying drawings.
- Figure 1 shows the relationship between current and temperature for different durations of the charging process
- Figure 2 shows the relationship between the current and the duration of the charging process
- FIG. 1 shows the basic relationship between the current during charging and discharging and the temperature. The current characterizes the maximum charging rate. It can be seen that with decreasing temperature, the current flowing out of the electrochemical
- Energy storage device can be removed or stored in this, decreases.
- Energy storage device removable current controlled to zero. By this backdriving the maximum charge rate to zero when reaching a limit temperature in particular a safe operation of the electrochemical energy storage device is achieved.
- the removable current intensity and thus the maximum charging rate decrease with increasing duration of the discharge For very short periods the removable current is limited to the maximum value marked 3). This limitation to a value of amperage is not necessary, but leads to an improvement in operational safety. By limiting to a maximum value of the current thus the reliability of the electrochemical energy storage device is increased. For very long extraction periods, the removable current from the electrochemical energy storage device is set to the limit marked 2). This definition of an at least removable current strength improved the usability of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the current intensity characterizing the charging rate and the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device.
- the state of charge of the electrochemical energy storage device is often referred to as "state of charge” (SOC). If the electrochemical energy storage device is fully charged, the SOC is 1 or 100 percent. If the SOC reaches a predefined limit, the current intensity during charging of the electrochemical energy storage device is reduced according to the current curve marked with 1). It is also possible for each different SOC to have its own maximum charging rate and therefore current intensity. Also for them
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010020993A DE102010020993A1 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2010-05-19 | Method for controlling the maximum charging rate of an electrochemical energy storage device |
PCT/EP2011/002360 WO2011144311A2 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2011-05-12 | Method for controlling the maximum charge rate of an electrochemical energy store device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2572430A2 true EP2572430A2 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
Family
ID=44626582
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11721232A Withdrawn EP2572430A2 (en) | 2010-05-19 | 2011-05-12 | Method for controlling the maximum charge rate of an electrochemical energy store device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130063096A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2572430A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2013533719A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102893486A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010020993A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011144311A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150123595A1 (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2015-05-07 | Xiam Technologies Limited | Intelligent context based battery charging |
CN107431362A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2017-12-01 | 曼蒂斯影像有限公司 | The circuit of energy pulse is provided |
FR3050893B1 (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2018-05-18 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRIC ENERGY FLOWS IN A RADIO ACCESS SYSTEM TO A COMMUNICATION NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED CONTROL DEVICE |
CN107831443A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 开沃新能源汽车集团有限公司 | Battery system short trouble diagnostic method based on coefficient correlation |
CN112193124B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-05-17 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery charging method, device, medium, battery management system and vehicle |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3018981A1 (en) * | 1980-05-17 | 1981-11-26 | Accumulatorenfabriken Wilhelm Hagen Ag Soest-Kassel-Berlin, 4770 Soest | METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY MEASURING AND INDICATING THE CHARGE STATE OF A BATTERY |
US4595880A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1986-06-17 | Ford Motor Company | Battery state of charge gauge |
DE3736481C2 (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1996-10-02 | Graesslin Kg | Method and device for determining the energy content of electrochemical energy stores |
DE4014737A1 (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-11-15 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Physical value determn. for accumulator - measures process input values of energy storage which are processed in computer |
JPH08146105A (en) | 1994-11-25 | 1996-06-07 | Yazaki Corp | Computing method for discharge characteristics of battery and measuring device for remaining capacity of battery |
EP1835297B1 (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2012-10-31 | National University of Ireland, Galway | A method and device for determining characteristics of an unknown battery |
US20080191667A1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-08-14 | Fyrestorm, Inc. | Method for charging a battery using a constant current adapted to provide a constant rate of change of open circuit battery voltage |
JP4660523B2 (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2011-03-30 | レノボ・シンガポール・プライベート・リミテッド | Charging system that controls charging at the surface temperature of the battery cell |
US8624560B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2014-01-07 | Apple Inc. | Controlling battery charging based on current, voltage and temperature |
-
2010
- 2010-05-19 DE DE102010020993A patent/DE102010020993A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-05-12 JP JP2013510516A patent/JP2013533719A/en active Pending
- 2011-05-12 US US13/698,464 patent/US20130063096A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-05-12 CN CN2011800244123A patent/CN102893486A/en active Pending
- 2011-05-12 EP EP11721232A patent/EP2572430A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-05-12 WO PCT/EP2011/002360 patent/WO2011144311A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2011144311A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010020993A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
US20130063096A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
WO2011144311A2 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
WO2011144311A3 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
JP2013533719A (en) | 2013-08-22 |
CN102893486A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
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