EP2572029A1 - Method for the production of a three-layer metal cord of the type that is rubberised in situ - Google Patents
Method for the production of a three-layer metal cord of the type that is rubberised in situInfo
- Publication number
- EP2572029A1 EP2572029A1 EP11718388A EP11718388A EP2572029A1 EP 2572029 A1 EP2572029 A1 EP 2572029A1 EP 11718388 A EP11718388 A EP 11718388A EP 11718388 A EP11718388 A EP 11718388A EP 2572029 A1 EP2572029 A1 EP 2572029A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- core
- cable
- son
- rubber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
- D07B1/0633—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration having a multiple-layer configuration
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/48—Tyre cords
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
- D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
- D07B7/14—Machine details; Auxiliary devices for coating or wrapping ropes, cables, or component strands thereof
- D07B7/145—Coating or filling-up interstices
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
- D07B1/0626—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration the reinforcing cords consisting of three core wires or filaments and at least one layer of outer wires or filaments, i.e. a 3+N configuration
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/0646—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
- D07B1/0646—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires
- D07B1/0653—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires in the core
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2001—Wires or filaments
- D07B2201/201—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating
- D07B2201/2011—Wires or filaments characterised by a coating comprising metals
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
- D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
- D07B2201/2028—Compact winding having the same lay direction and lay pitch
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
- D07B2201/2037—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments regarding the dimension of the wires or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
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- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2046—Strands comprising fillers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2048—Cores characterised by their cross-sectional shape
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2047—Cores
- D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
- D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2075—Fillers
- D07B2201/2082—Fillers characterised by the materials used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
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- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
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- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
- D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
- D07B2205/2075—Rubbers, i.e. elastomers
- D07B2205/2082—Rubbers, i.e. elastomers being of synthetic nature, e.g. chloroprene
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
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- D07B2207/20—Type of machine
- D07B2207/204—Double twist winding
- D07B2207/205—Double twist winding comprising flyer
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
- D07B2207/40—Machine components
- D07B2207/4072—Means for mechanically reducing serpentining or mechanically killing of rope
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/208—Enabling filler penetration
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2046—Tire cords
Definitions
- the present invention relates to processes and devices for manufacturing metal cables with three concentric layers, M + N + P construction, used in particular for the reinforcement of rubber articles, in particular tires. It is more particularly related to processes and devices for manufacturing metal cables of the type "gummed in situ", that is to say, gummed from the inside, during their manufacture itself, by rubber or a rubber composition, in to improve their resistance to corrosion and consequently their endurance in particular in carcass reinforcement of tires for industrial vehicles.
- a radial tire comprises in known manner a tread, two inextensible beads, two flanks connecting the beads to the tread and a belt circumferentially disposed between the carcass reinforcement and the tread.
- This carcass reinforcement is constituted in known manner by at least one ply (or “layer”) of rubber reinforced by reinforcing elements (“reinforcements”) such as cords or monofilaments, generally of the metallic type in the case tires for industrial vehicles carrying heavy loads.
- steel cords consisting of a central layer and one or more layers of steel are generally used. concentric wires arranged around this central layer.
- the most used three-layer cables are essentially M + N + P construction cables, formed of a central layer of M f (1), M ranging from 1 to 4, surrounded by an intermediate layer of N wires, N typically ranging from 5 to 15, itself surrounded by an outer layer of P son, P typically ranging from 10 to 22, the assembly may be optionally shrunk by an outer hoop thread wound helically around the outer layer .
- these layered cables are subjected to considerable stresses during the rolling of the tires, in particular to repeated flexures or variations of curvature inducing at the level of the strands of friction, in particular as a result of the contacts between adjacent layers, and therefore of wear, as well as fatigue; they must therefore have a high resistance to phenomena known as "fatigue-fretting".
- this material penetrates the best in all spaces between the son constituting the cables. Indeed, if this penetration is insufficient, then forms of empty channels or capillaries, along and inside the cables, and corrosive agents such as water or even oxygen in the air, likely to penetrate the tires for example as a result of cuts in their band running along these empty channels into the carcass of the tire.
- corrosive agents such as water or even oxygen in the air
- the presence of this moisture plays an important role in causing corrosion and accelerating the degradation processes above (phenomena known as "fatigue-corrosion”), compared to use in a dry atmosphere.
- one of the essential characteristics is that a sheath consisting a diene rubber composition covers at least the intermediate layer consisting of M son, the core (or unit wire) of the cable may itself be covered or not rubber. Thanks to this specific architecture and at least partial filling by the rubber of the capillaries or interstices which results from it, not only an excellent penetrability by the rubber is obtained, limiting the problems of corrosion, but also the endurance properties in fatigue-fretting are significantly improved over the cables of the prior art. The longevity of the tires and that of their carcass reinforcement are thus very significantly improved.
- the processes described for the manufacture of these cables, as well as the cables that come from them, are not without drawbacks.
- these three-layer cables are obtained in several steps which have the disadvantage of being discontinuous, firstly by producing an intermediate cable 1 + N (in particular 1 + 6), then by sheathing via an extrusion head of this intermediate cable or core strand, finally by a final operation of wiring the P remaining son around the core strand and sheathed, for forming the outer layer.
- an intermediate cable 1 + N in particular 1 + 6
- sheathing via an extrusion head of this intermediate cable or core strand
- a final operation of wiring the P remaining son around the core strand and sheathed for forming the outer layer.
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal cable with three concentric layers (C1, C2, C3), of M + N + P construction, of the type gummed in situ, that is to say gummed with inside, even during its manufacture, with rubber or a rubber composition, said cable having a first layer or core (Cl) with a diameter d c consisting of M wire (s) of diameter, core around which are wound together helically in a pitch p 2 , in a second layer (C2), N son of diameter d 2 , second layer around which are helically wound together in a step p 3 , in a third layer (C3), P son of diameter d 3 , said method comprising at least the following steps:
- This method of the invention makes it possible to manufacture, in line and continuously, a cable with three concentric layers which, in comparison with the in situ three-layered gummed cables of the prior art, has the notable advantage that the rubber used as rubber of filling is an elastomer of the thermoplastic type and no longer diene, by definition heat fusible and therefore easier to implement, the amount of which can be easily controlled; it is thus possible, by adjusting the operating temperature of the thermoplastic elastomer, to evenly distribute the latter within each of the interstices of the cable, giving the latter optimal impermeability along its longitudinal axis.
- the thermoplastic elastomer above does not pose a problem of parasitic tights in case of a slight overflow outside the cable after manufacture.
- this unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer offers the cable excellent compatibility with matrices of unsaturated diene rubbers such as natural rubber, usually used as calendering gum in metal fabrics for reinforcing tires. .
- FIG. 1 An example of an in-situ twisting and scrubbing device that can be used for the manufacture of a three-layer cable according to a method according to the invention (FIG.
- an example of a construction cable 1 + 6 + 12 compact type, gummed in situ, may be manufactured by the method of the invention (Figure 2);
- any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e. terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the term “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
- the method of the invention is therefore intended for the manufacture of a metal cable with three concentric layers (C1, C2, C3), of construction M + N + P, comprising a first layer or core (Cl) with a diameter d c consisting of M wire (s) of diameter, core around which are wound together in a helix at a pitch p 2 in a second layer (C2), N son of diameter d 2, second layer around which are helically wound together in a step p 3 , in a third layer (C3), P son of diameter d 3 , said method comprising at least the following steps:
- a cladding step of the core and / or the core strand by a rubber (or rubber composition) specific which is extruded in the molten state by passage through one or more extrusion heads;
- the first layer or central layer (C1) is also called the core ("core") of the cable, while the first (C1 and second (C2) layers once assembled (C1 + C2 ) are what is commonly called the cable strand.
- the method of the invention comprises a prior assembly step (whatever the direction S, or Z) of the core wires (Cl).
- the diameter d c of the core (Cl) then represents the diameter of the cylinder of imaginary revolution (or diameter of space) which surrounds the M central threads of diameter di.
- the P son of the third layer (C3) are helically wound at the same pitch and in the same direction of torsion as the N son of the second layer (C2) and the M son of the first layer (Cl) when M is greater than 1.
- the so-called filling gum is thus introduced in situ in the cable during manufacture, by sheathing either the core alone, or the core strand alone, or both the core and the strand.
- core said cladding in itself being operated in a known manner for example by passing through at least one (that is to say one or more) extrusion head (s) delivering the filling rubber in the state molten.
- the step of assembling the M son of the first layer (C1) when M is greater than 1 the step of assembling the N son of the second layer (C2) and the step of the P-threads of the first layer (C3) are made by twisting. Downstream of the "assembly point" defined above, the tension stress exerted on the core strand is preferably between 10 and 25% of its breaking force.
- the head or each extrusion head is brought to a suitable temperature, easily adjustable according to the specific nature of the TPE elastomer used and its thermal properties.
- the extrusion temperature of the unsaturated TPE elastomer is between 100 ° C and 250 ° C, more preferably between 150 ° C and 200 ° C.
- the extrusion head defines a cladding zone having for example the shape of a cylinder of revolution whose diameter is preferably between 0.15 mm and 1.2 mm, more preferably between 0.20 and 1, 0 mm, and whose length is preferably between 1 and 10 mm.
- the amount of filling gum delivered by the extrusion head is adjusted to a preferred range of 5 to 40 mg per gram of final cable (i.e., finished in manufacture, gummed in situ). Below the indicated minimum, it is more difficult to guarantee that the filling compound is present, at least in part, in each of the interstices or capillaries of the cable, while beyond the maximum indicated, one is exposed to a risk of overflowing of the filling rubber at the periphery of the cable. For all these reasons, it is preferred that the level of gum filling is between 5 and 35 mg, especially between 5 and 30 mg, more particularly in a range of 10 to 25 mg per gram of cable.
- the unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer in the molten state thus covers the core and / or core strand by means of the cladding head, at a running speed typically of a few meters to a few tens of m / min, for a flow rate extrusion pump typically from several cm 3 / min to several tens of cm 3 / min.
- Core or core strand is advantageously preheated before passing through the extrusion head, for example by passing through an HF generator or through a heating tunnel.
- the cladding is performed on the core (Cl) alone, that is to say upstream of the assembly point of the N son of the second layer (C2) around the core; in such a case, the core once sheathed is covered with a minimum thickness of unsaturated TPE elastomer which is preferably greater than 20 ⁇ , typically between 20 and 100 ⁇ , in sufficient quantity to be able to coat the wires of the second layer (C2) of the cable once this second layer is in place.
- the N son of the second layer (C2) are wired or twisted together (direction S or Z) around the core (C1) for formation of the core strand (C1 + C2), in a manner known per se; the son are delivered by supply means such as coils, a distribution grid, coupled or not to a connecting grain, intended to converge around the core N son in a common point of torsion (or point d 'assembly).
- supply means such as coils, a distribution grid, coupled or not to a connecting grain, intended to converge around the core N son in a common point of torsion (or point d 'assembly).
- the cladding is performed on the core strand (C1 + C2) itself, that is to say downstream (and no longer upstream) of the N-joint point. wires of the second layer (C2) around the core; in such a case, the core strand once sheathed is covered with a minimum thickness of unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer which is preferably greater than 5 ⁇ , typically between 5 and 30 ⁇ .
- the filling compound in the two preferential cases above (sheathing either of the core or the core strand), can be delivered at a fixed point, unique and compact, by means of a head of single extrusion.
- the in-situ scrubbing of the cable according to the invention could also be carried out in two successive cladding operations, a first cladding operation on the core (thus upstream of the assembly point) and a second sheathing operation on the strand. of soul (thus downstream of the point of assembly).
- all the steps of the method of the invention are operated online and continuously, regardless of the type of cable manufactured (compact cable as cable with cylindrical layers), all this at high speed.
- the above method can be implemented at a speed (running speed of the cable on the production line) greater than 50 m / min, preferably greater than 70 m / min, especially greater than 100 m / min.
- the cable according to the invention in a discontinuous manner, for example by pre-sheathing of the core strand (C1 + C2), solidification of the filling compound, and then winding and storage of the latter before final operation assembling the third and last layer (C3); the solidification of the elastomeric sheath is easy, it can be conducted by any suitable cooling means, for example by cooling in air or water, followed in the latter case by a drying operation.
- the final assembly is carried out by wiring or twisting (S or Z direction) of the P wires of the third or outer layer (C3) around the core strand (M + N). or C1 + C2).
- the P son come to rely on the filling rubber in the molten state, to become embedded in the latter.
- the filling rubber moving under the pressure exerted by these outer P son, then has a natural tendency to penetrate into each of the interstices or cavities left empty by the son, between the core strand (C1 + C2) and the layer external (C3).
- twist means, in a known manner, the cancellation of the residual torsional torques (or of the elastic recoil of detorsion) acting on the cable.
- Torsion balancing tools are well known to those skilled in the art of twisting; they may consist for example of trainers and / or twisters and / or twister-trainers consisting of either pulleys for twisters, or small diameter rollers for trainers, pulleys and / or rollers through which the cable runs.
- the thickness of filling rubber between two adjacent wires of the cable, whatever they are, varies from 1 to 10 ⁇ .
- This cable can be wound on a receiving reel, for storage, before being processed for example through a calendering plant, for preparing a metal-diene rubber composite fabric that can be used, for example, as a carcass reinforcement, or else crown reinforcement of a tire.
- This cable made according to the process of the invention can be described as gummed cable in situ, that is to say that it is gummed from the inside, during its manufacture itself, by rubber or a rubber composition called (e) filling rubber.
- its "capillaries” or “interstices” the two terms, interchangeable, denoting the empty spaces, free, formed by adjacent son, in the absence of filling rubber ), for a portion or preferably all of them, situated on the one hand between the one or more wire (s) core (Cl) and the N son of the second layer (C2), on the other hand between N son of the second layer (C2) and the P son of the third layer (C3), or even between the M core threads themselves when M is greater than 1, already include a specific rubber as filling rubber which at least partially fills said interstices, continuously or not along the axis of the cable.
- cable in the raw state of manufacture means a cable which has not yet been brought into contact with a diene rubber matrix (eg natural rubber) of a semi-finished product or an article rubber finish such as a tire, that said cable would be intended to reinforce later.
- a diene rubber matrix eg natural rubber
- This specific rubber is an unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer, used alone or with any additives (that is to say in this case in the form of an unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer composition) to form the filling rubber.
- thermoplastic elastomers are thermoplastic elastomers in the form of block copolymers based on thermoplastic blocks.
- thermoplastic polymers and elastomers consist in a known manner of rigid thermoplastic blocks, in particular polystyrene, linked by flexible elastomer blocks, for example polybutadiene or polyisoprene for unsaturated TPEs or poly (ethylene / butylene) for saturated TPEs. .
- the above TPE block copolymers are generally characterized by the presence of two glass transition peaks, the first peak (lowest temperature, generally negative) being relative to the elastomer sequence of the TPE copolymer, the second peak (highest temperature, positive, typically greater than 80 ° C for preferred elastomers TPS type) being relative to the thermoplastic part (eg styrene blocks) of the TPE copolymer.
- TPE elastomers are often triblock elastomers with two rigid segments connected by a flexible segment.
- the rigid and flexible segments can be arranged linearly, star or connected.
- These TPE elastomers may also be diblock elastomers with a single rigid segment connected to a flexible segment.
- each of these segments or blocks contains at least more than 5, usually more than 10 base units (e.g., styrene units and isoprene units for a styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer).
- an essential characteristic of the TPE elastomer used in accordance with the invention is that it is unsaturated.
- unsaturated TPE elastomer is meant by definition and well known a TPE elastomer which is provided with ethylenic unsaturations, that is to say which has carbon-carbon double bonds (conjugated or not); reciprocally, a saturated TPE elastomer is of course a TPE elastomer which is free of such double bonds.
- the unsaturated nature of the unsaturated TPE elastomer causes the latter to be (co) crosslinkable, (co) vulcanizable with sulfur, which makes it advantageously compatible with matrices of unsaturated diene rubbers, such as those based on natural rubber, used usually as a calendering rubber in metal fabrics for reinforcing tires.
- any overflow of the filling rubber outside the cable, during the manufacture of the latter will not be detrimental to its subsequent adhesion to the calendering gum of said metal fabric, this defect being indeed susceptible of be corrected during the final firing of the tire by the possible co-crosslinking between the unsaturated TPE elastomer and the diene elastomer of the calendering gum.
- the unsaturated TPE elastomer is a styrenic thermoplastic elastomer (abbreviated as "TPS"), that is to say comprising, as thermoplastic blocks, styrene blocks (polystyrene). More preferably, the unsaturated TPS elastomer is a copolymer comprising polystyrene blocks (that is to say formed from polymerized styrene monomer) and polydiene blocks (that is to say formed from polymerized diene monomer), preferably from the latter polyisoprene blocks and / or polybutadiene blocks.
- TPS styrenic thermoplastic elastomer
- polydiene blocks in particular polyisoprene blocks and polybutadiene blocks
- blocks of random diene copolymer in particular of isoprene or butadiene, for example blocks of styrene / isoprene random copolymer (SI) or styrene-butadiene (SB), these polydiene blocks being particularly associated with polystyrene thermoplastic blocks to form the preferred unsaturated TPS elastomers which have been described previously.
- SI styrene / isoprene random copolymer
- SB styrene-butadiene
- styrene monomer any styrene-based monomer, unsubstituted as substituted; among the substituted styrenes may be mentioned, for example, methylstyrenes (for example ⁇ -methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene or p-methylstyrene, alpha-methylstyrene, alpha-2-dimethylstyrene, alpha-4-dimethylstyrene or diphenylethylene), para-tert-butylstyrene, chlorostyrenes (for example o-chlorostyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, 2,6-dichlorostyrene or 2,4-dichlorostyrene).
- methylstyrenes for example ⁇ -methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene or p-methylstyrene
- bromostyrenes e.g., o-bromostyrene, m-bromostyrene, p-bromostyrene, 2,4-dibromostyrene, 2,6-dibromostyrene or 2,4,6-tribromostyrene
- fluorostyrenes for example, o-fluorostyrene, m-fluorostyrene, p-fluorostyrene, 2,4-difluorostyrene, 2,6-difluorostyrene or 2,4,6-trifluorostyrene
- hydroxy-styrene and mixtures of such monomers.
- iene monomer should be understood to mean any monomer bearing two carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise, in particular any conjugated diene monomer having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms chosen in particular from the group constituted by isoprene, butadiene, 1-methylbutadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3 -pentadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene , 1,3-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 3-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 4-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, 5-methyl-1,3-hexadiene, hexadiene,
- Such an unsaturated TPS elastomer is chosen in particular from the group consisting of styrene / butadiene (SB), styrene / isoprene (SI), styrene / butadiene / butylene (SBB), styrene / butadiene / isoprene (SBI), styrene block copolymers.
- SB styrene / butadiene
- SI styrene / isoprene
- SI styrene / butadiene / butylene
- SBI styrene / butadiene / isoprene
- SBS butadiene / styrene
- SBBS styrene / butadiene / butylene / styrene
- SIS styrene / isoprene / styrene
- SI styrene / butadiene / isoprene / styrene
- this unsaturated TPS elastomer is a copolymer comprising at least three blocks, this copolymer being more particularly chosen from the group consisting of styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / butadiene / butylene / styrene block copolymers (SBBS) styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / butadiene / isoprene / styrene (SBIS) and mixtures of these copolymers.
- SBS styrene / butadiene / styrene
- SBBS styrene / butadiene / butylene / styrene block copolymers
- SIS isoprene / styrene
- SBS styrene / but
- the styrene content in the unsaturated TPS elastomer above is between 5 and 50%. Below 5%, the thermoplastic nature of the TPS elastomer may be insufficient, whereas above 50% there is a risk of excessive stiffening of the latter and of a risk of decreased ability to (co) crosslink.
- the number-average molecular weight (denoted Mn) of the TPE elastomer (in particular TPS) is preferably between 5,000 and 500,000 g / mol, more preferably between The number average molecular weight (Mn) of the TPS elastomers is determined in known manner by size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
- the sample is first solubilized in tetrahydrofuran at a concentration of about 1 g / l; then the solution is filtered on 0.45 ⁇ porosity filter before injection.
- the equipment used is a chromatographic chain "WATERS alliance”.
- the elution solvent is tetrahydrofuran, the flow rate 0.7 ml / min, the system temperature 35 ° C and the analysis time 90 min.
- a set of four WATERS columns in series, of trade names "STYRAGEL"("HMW7",”HMW6E" and two "HT6E" is used.
- the injected volume of the solution of the polymer sample is 100 ⁇ .
- the detector is a differential refractometer "WATERS 2410" and its associated software for the exploitation of chromatographic data is the “WATERS MILLENIUM” system.
- the calculated average molar masses relate to a calibration curve made with polystyrene standards.
- the Tg of the unsaturated TPE elastomer (in particular TPS) (as a reminder, first Tg relative to the elastomer block) is less than 0 ° C., more particularly less than - 15 ° C., this quantity being measured in a known manner by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), for example according to the ASTM D3418-82 standard.
- the Shore A hardness (measured according to ASTM D2240-86) of the unsaturated TPE elastomer (in particular TPS) is between 10 and 100, more particularly included in a range of 20 to 90.
- Unsaturated TPS elastomers such as, for example, SB, SI, SBS, SIS, SBBS or SBIS are well known and commercially available, for example from Kraton under the name "Kraton D” (eg, products D1161, DU 18, DU 16, D1163), from Dynasol under the name "Calprene” (eg, products C405, C411, C412), from Polimeri Europa under the name "Europrene” (eg, product SOLT166), from the company BASF under the name "Styroflex” (eg, product 2G66), or from Asahi under the name "Tuftec” (eg, product PI 500).
- Kraton D eg, products D1161, DU 18, DU 16, D1163
- Dynasol eg, products C405, C411, C412
- Polimeri Europa eg, product SOLT166
- Styroflex eg, product 2G66
- Tiftec eg, product
- the unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer previously described is sufficient on its own for the filling rubber to fully fulfill its function of closing off the capillaries or interstices of the cable according to the invention.
- various other additives may be added, typically in small amounts (preferably at weight ratios of less than 20 parts, more preferably less than 10 parts per 100 parts of unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer), for example plasticizers, reinforcing fillers such as carbon black or silica, non-reinforcing or inert fillers, lamellar fillers, protective agents such as antioxidants or anti-ozonants, various other stabilizers, coloring agents intended for example to color the gum filling.
- the filling rubber could also comprise, in a minority weight fraction relative to the unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer fraction, polymers or elastomers other than unsaturated thermoplastic elastomers.
- wire rope is meant by definition in the present application a cable formed of son constituted mainly (that is to say for more than 50% in number of these son) or integrally (for 100% son) a metallic material.
- the wire or the M threads of the core (Cl), the N son of the second layer (C2) and the P son of the third layer (C3) are preferably made of steel, more preferably carbon steel. But it is of course possible to use other steels, for example a stainless steel, or other alloys.
- carbon steel When carbon steel is used, its carbon content (% by weight of steel) is preferably between 0.2% and 1.2%, especially between 0.5% and 1.1%; these levels represent a good compromise between the mechanical properties required for the tire and the feasibility of the wires. It should be noted that a carbon content of between 0.5% and 0.6% makes such steels ultimately less expensive because easier to draw.
- Another advantageous embodiment of the invention may also consist, depending on the applications concerned, of using steels with a low carbon content, for example between 0.2% and 0.5%, in particular because of a cost lower and easier to draw.
- the metal or steel used may itself be coated with a metal layer improving, for example, the properties of implementation of the wire rope and / or its constituent elements, or the properties of use of the cable and / or the tire themselves, such as adhesion properties, corrosion resistance or resistance to aging.
- the steel used is covered with a layer of brass (Zn-Cu alloy) or zinc; it is recalled that during the wire manufacturing process, the coating of brass or zinc facilitates the drawing of the wire, as well as the bonding of the wire with the rubber.
- the son could be covered with a thin metal layer other than brass or zinc, for example having the function of improving the resistance to corrosion of these son and / or their adhesion to rubber, for example a thin layer of Co, Ni, Al, an alloy of two or more compounds Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, Co, Sn.
- a thin metal layer other than brass or zinc for example having the function of improving the resistance to corrosion of these son and / or their adhesion to rubber, for example a thin layer of Co, Ni, Al, an alloy of two or more compounds Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, Co, Sn.
- the cables produced according to the process of the invention are preferably made of carbon steel and have a tensile strength (Rm) preferably greater than 2500 MPa, more preferably greater than 3000 MPa.
- Rm tensile strength
- the total elongation at break (At) of the cable, the sum of its structural, elastic and plastic elongations, is preferably greater than 2.0%), more preferably at least 2.5%.
- the central core or core (C 1) of diameter d c consists of 1 to 4 wires of diameter di (that is to say that M is included in a range 1 to 4).
- N is within a range of 5 to 15, and P is in a range from 10 to 22. More preferably, M is 1, N is in a range of 5 to 7, and P is included in a domain of 10 to 14.
- the diameter di of the core wire is then preferably in a range of 0.08 to 0.40 mm. According to another preferred embodiment, the following characteristics are satisfied (di, d 2 , d 3 , P2 and p 3 being expressed in mm):
- the core (Cl) of the cable according to the invention preferably consists of a single unitary wire or at most 2 or 3 son, the latter being for example parallel or twisted together.
- the core (C1) of the cable according to the invention consists of a single wire, N is in a range of 5 to 7, and P is in a range of 10 to 14.
- the pitch "p" represents the length, measured parallel to the axis of the cable, at the end of which a wire having this pitch performs a complete revolution about said axis of the cable.
- the diameters of the son of the layers C1, C2 and C3, these son have a diameter identical or not from one layer to another, check the following relations (di, d 2 , d 3 being expressed in mm):
- the diameter d 2 is within a range of 0.08 to 0.35 mm and the twisting pitch p 2 is within a range of 5 to 30 mm.
- the diameter d 3 is within a range of 0.08 to 0.35 mm and the twisting pitch p 3 is greater than or equal to p 2 .
- the p 2 and p 3 are equal.
- the compactness is very high, such that the cross section of these cables has a contour that is polygonal and non-cylindrical, as illustrated by way of example in FIG. 2 (compact cable 1 + 6 +12 according to the invention) or in FIG. 3 (compact cable 1 + 6 + 12 control, that is to say, not gummed in situ).
- the M son are preferably assembled, in particular twisted, in a pitch pi which is more preferably in a range of 3 to 30 mm, in particular in a range of 3 to 20 mm.
- the third or outer layer C3 has the preferential characteristic of being a saturated layer, that is to say that, by definition, there is not enough room in this layer to add at least one (P max + l) th wire diameter d 3 , P max representing the maximum number of windable son in a layer around the second layer C2.
- the number P of wires can vary to a very large extent according to the particular embodiment of the invention, it being understood that the maximum number of wires P will be increased if their diameter d 3 is reduced compared to the diameter d 2 of the son of the second layer, in order to preferentially keep the outer layer in a saturated state.
- the first layer (C1) comprises a single wire (M equal to 1)
- the second layer (C2) has 6 wires (N equal to 6)
- the third layer (C3) comprises 11 or 12 wires (P equal to 11 or 12); in other words, the cable according to the invention has the preferred constructions 1 + 6 + 11 or 1 + 6 + 12.
- the cable manufactured according to the method of the invention can be of two types, namely of the type with compact layers or of the type with cylindrical layers.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to manufacture cables which can be, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, without or almost no filling rubber at their periphery; by such an expression, it is meant that no particle of filling compound is visible, with the naked eye, at the periphery of the cable, that is to say that the person skilled in the art does not make any difference at the output of manufacture, with the naked eye and at a distance of three meters or more, between a cable reel manufactured in accordance with the invention and a conventional cable reel not gummed in situ.
- the method of the invention is of course applicable to the manufacture of compact type cables (for recall and by definition, those whose layers C1 (if M is greater than 1), C2 and C3 are wound at the same pitch and in the same meaning) as for the manufacture of cables of the type with cylindrical layers (for recall and by definition, those whose layers C1 (if M is greater than 1), C2 and C3 are wound either in different steps (whatever their senses of torsion, identical or not), or in opposite directions (whatever their steps, identical or different)).
- An assembly and scrubbing device preferably used for the implementation of the method of the invention described above, is a device comprising upstream downstream, according to the direction of advancement of a cable being formed: means feeding on the one hand the wire or M son of the first layer or core (Cl), on the other hand N son of the second layer (C2);
- first means for assembling the N wires for placing the second layer (C2) around the first layer (Cl), at a point called an "assembly point", for forming an intermediate cable called " core strand »of M + N construction;
- extrusion means delivering the thermoplastic elastomer in the molten state, disposed respectively upstream and / or downstream of the first assembly means, for cladding the core and / or the core strand M + N.
- the above device also comprises means for assembling the M son of the central layer (Cl), arranged between the feed means of these M son and the assembly means N son of the second layer (C2).
- the extrusion means are therefore arranged both upstream and downstream of the first assembly means.
- supply means (110) deliver, around a single core wire (Cl), N son (11) through a grid (12) distribution (axisymmetric splitter), coupled or not to a connecting grain (13), gate beyond which converge the N (for example six) wires of the second layer at an assembly point (14), for formation of the core strand (C1 + C2 ) of construction 1 + N (eg 1 + 6).
- the core strand (C1 + C2) passes through a cladding zone consisting for example of a single extrusion head (15) constituted for example by a twin-screw extruder (fed by a hopper containing the TPE elastomer in the form of granules) feeding a calibration die via a pump.
- the distance between the point of convergence (14) and the sheathing point (15) is for example between 50 cm and 1 m.
- Around the strand of soul thus gummed (16) and progressing in the direction of the arrow, are then assembled by twisting the P son (17) of the outer layer (C3), for example twelve in number, delivered by supply means (170).
- the final cable (C1 + C2 + C3) thus formed is finally collected on the rotary reception (19), after passing through the torsion balancing means (18) consisting for example of a trainer and / or a twister-trainer.
- FIG. 2 schematizes, in section perpendicular to the axis of the cable (assumed to be rectilinear and at rest), an example of a preferential cable 1 + 6 + 12 gummed in situ, obtainable by means of the conforming method. to the invention previously described.
- This cable C1 can be described as cable gummed in situ: each of the capillaries or interstices (voids in the absence of filling rubber) formed by the adjacent son, taken three by three, of its three layers C1, C2 and C3, is filled, at least in part (continuously or not along the axis of the cable), by the filling rubber such that for any cable length of 2 cm, each capillary comprises at least one rubber stopper. More specifically, the filling rubber (23) fills each capillary (24) (symbolized by a triangle) formed by the adjacent wires (taken three to three) of the various layers (C1, C2, C3) of the cable, discarding them very slightly.
- capillaries or interstices are naturally formed either by the core wire (20) and the son (21) of the second layer (C2) surrounding it, or by two son (21) of the second layer (C2) and a wire (23) of the third layer (C3) which is immediately adjacent thereto, or else by each wire (21) of the second layer (C2) and the two wires (22) of the third layer (C3) which are immediately adjacent; a total of 24 capillaries or interstices (24) are thus present in this cable 1 + 6 + 12.
- the filling rubber extends in a continuous manner around the second layer (C2) which it covers.
- the cable M + N + P can be described as airtight: the air permeability test described in paragraph II-lB which follows, is characterized by an average air flow which is preferably less than 2 cm 3 / min, more preferably less than or equal to 0.2 cm 3 / min.
- Figure 3 recalls the section of a cable 1 + 6 + 12 (noted C-2) conventional (i.e., not gummed in situ), also of the compact type.
- C-2 conventional (i.e., not gummed in situ), also of the compact type.
- the absence of filling rubber makes practically all the son (30, 31, 32) are in contact with each other, which leads to a particularly compact structure, moreover very difficult to penetrate (not to say impenetrable) from the outside by rubber.
- the characteristic of this type of cable is that the various wires form three to three of the channels or capillaries (34) which for a large number of them remain closed and empty and thus conducive, by "wicking" effect, to the propagation corrosive environments such as water.
- Fm maximum load in N
- Rm tensile strength in MPa
- At total elongation in %
- the modulus measurements are made in tension, unless otherwise indicated according to ASTM D 412 of 1998 ("C" test specimen): the secant modulus "true” (i.e., brought back to the actual section of the specimen) is measured at the second elongation (i.e., after an accommodation cycle) at 10% elongation , noted E10 and expressed in MPa (normal temperature and humidity conditions according to ASTM D 1349 of 1999).
- This test makes it possible to determine the longitudinal permeability to the air of the cables tested, by measuring the volume of air passing through a specimen under constant pressure for a given time.
- the principle of such a test is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the treatment of a cable to make it impermeable to air; it has been described for example in ASTM D2692-98.
- the test is here performed either on cables extracted from tires or rubber sheets that they reinforce, so already coated from the outside by the rubber in the fired state, or on raw cables manufacturing.
- the raw cables must be previously embedded, coated from the outside by a so-called coating gum.
- a series of 10 cables arranged in parallel is placed between two skims (two rectangles of 80 ⁇ 200 mm) of a diene rubber composition in the raw state, each skim having a 3.5 mm thick; the whole is then locked in a mold, each of the cables being kept under a sufficient tension (for example 2 daN) to ensure its straightness during the establishment in the mold, using clamping modules; then the vulcanization (baking) is carried out for 40 min at a temperature of 140 ° C and a pressure of 15 bar (rectangular piston 80 x 200 mm). After which, the assembly is demolded and cut 10 pieces of cables thus coated, in the form of parallelepipeds of dimensions 7x7x20 mm, for characterization.
- the test is carried out on 2 cm of cable length, thus coated by its surrounding rubber composition (or coating gum) in the fired state, as follows: air is sent to the cable inlet at a pressure of 1 bar, and the volume of air at the outlet is measured using a flow meter (calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm 3 / min).
- a flow meter calibrated for example from 0 to 500 cm 3 / min.
- the cable sample is blocked in a compressed seal (eg a dense foam or rubber seal) in such a way that only the amount of air passing through the cable from one end to the other, along its longitudinal axis, is taken into account by the measure; a leakproofness test of the seal is made using a solid rubber specimen, ie without cable.
- the measured flow rate is lower as long as the longitudinal imperviousness of the cable is high.
- measured values equal to or less than 0.2 cm 3 / min are considered to be zero; they correspond to a cable that can be described as airtight along its axis (ie, in its longitudinal direction). II-IC. Filling rate
- the amount of filling compound is measured by difference between the weight of the initial cable (thus erased in situ) and the weight of the cable (and therefore that of its threads) whose filling compound has been eliminated by a treatment in a solvent of appropriate extraction.
- the procedure is as follows. A sample of cable of a given length (for example one meter), coiled on itself to reduce its bulk, is placed in a sealed bottle containing one liter of toluene. Then the flask is stirred (125 rounds per minute) for 24 hours at room temperature (20 ° C.), using a "Ping-Pong 400" agitator from the company. Fischer Scientific); after removal of the solvent, the operation is repeated once. The thus treated cable is recovered and the residual solvent evaporated under vacuum for 1 hour at 60 ° C. Then the cable thus freed of its filling rubber is weighed. From the calculation, the filling rate in the cable, expressed in mg (milligram) of filling rubber per g (gram) of initial cable, is calculated and averaged over 10 measurements (i.e. total cable meters).
- the carbon steel wires are prepared in a known manner, for example starting from machine wires (diameter 5 to 6 mm) which are first cold-rolled, by rolling and / or drawing, to a neighboring intermediate diameter. of 1 mm.
- the steel used is a known carbon steel (USA AISI 1069 standard) with a carbon content of 0.70%.
- the intermediate diameter son undergo a degreasing treatment and / or pickling, before further processing.
- a brass coating on these intermediate son is carried on each wire a so-called “final” work hardening (ie, after the last patenting heat treatment), by cold drawing in a moist medium with a drawing lubricant which is for example in the form of an emulsion or an aqueous dispersion.
- the brass coating that surrounds the son has a very small thickness, significantly less than a micrometer, for example the order of 0.15 to 0.30 ⁇ , which is negligible compared to the diameter of the steel son.
- the steel wires thus drawn have the following diameter and mechanical properties:
- the rate of filling rubber measured according to the method indicated previously in paragraph 1-3, is equal to about 18 mg per g of cable.
- This filling rubber is present in each of the 24 capillaries or interstices formed by the various son taken three to three, that is to say that it fills all or at least partly each of these capillaries in such a way that there is at least, on any length of cable of length equal to 2 cm, a rubber stopper in each capillary or interstice.
- a rubber stopper in each capillary or interstice.
- the Cl cables thus manufactured were subjected to the air permeability test described in paragraph II-1, by measuring the volume of air (in cm 3 ) passing through the cables in 1 minute (average of 10 measurements for each cable tested). For each cable C1 tested and for 100% of the measurements (ie ten test pieces out of ten), regardless of the unsaturated TPS elastomer tested, a flow rate of zero or less than 0.2 cm 3 / min was measured; in other words, the cables prepared according to the process of the invention can be qualified as airtight along their longitudinal axis.
- control gummed in situ cables of the same construction as the previous C1 cables, but gummed in situ by a conventional diene rubber composition (based on natural rubber), were prepared according to the process described in the application WO 2005/071557 mentioned above, in several discontinuous steps, by sheathing via an extrusion head of the intermediate core strand 1 + 6, then in a second step by wiring the remaining 12 wires around the core thus sheathed, for training of the outer layer.
- These control cables were then subjected to the air permeability test of section 1-2.
- the cables prepared according to the process according to the invention thus have an optimal penetration rate by the unsaturated thermoplastic elastomer, with a controlled amount of filling compound, which guarantees the presence of internal partitions (continuous or discontinuous in the case of the invention).
- thermoplastic elastomer used does not pose a problem of parasitic tights in case of a slight overflow outside the cable after its manufacture due to its unsaturated character and therefore (co) vulcanizable with an unsaturated diene rubber matrix such as natural rubber.
- the core (Cl) of the cables could consist of a wire of non-circular section, for example plastically deformed, in particular a wire of substantially oval or polygonal section, for example triangular, square or rectangular; the core could also consist of a preformed wire, of circular section or not, for example a corrugated, twisted, twisted helical or zig-zag.
- the diameter d c of the core (Cl) represents the diameter of the imaginary cylinder of revolution which surrounds the core wire (diameter congestion), rather than the diameter (or any other size transversal, if its section is not circular) of the central wall itself.
- the central wire is less stressed during the manufacture of the cable than the other wires, given its position in the cable, it is not necessary for this wire to use, for example, steel compositions. offering high torsional ductility; advantageously any type of steel may be used, for example a stainless steel.
- one (at least one) linear line of one of the two other layers (C2 and / or C3) could also be replaced by a preformed or deformed wire, or more generally by a wire of different section from that of the other yarns of diameter d 2 and / or d 3 , so as to further improve the penetrability of the cable by the rubber or other material, the overall size of this replacement wire may be smaller, equal to or greater than the diameter ( d 2 and / or d 3 ) other constituent son of the layer (C2 and / or C3) concerned.
- a portion of the son constituting the cable could be replaced by son other than son steel, metal or not, including son of mineral or organic material with high mechanical strength, by example of mono-filaments organic polymers liquid crystal.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1053901A FR2962454B1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2010-05-20 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A THREE-LAYER METAL CABLE OF THE TYPE IN SITU GUM |
PCT/EP2011/057342 WO2011144471A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2011-05-06 | Method for the production of a three-layer metal cord of the type that is rubberised in situ |
Publications (2)
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EP2572029A1 true EP2572029A1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
EP2572029B1 EP2572029B1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
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EP11718388.9A Not-in-force EP2572029B1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2011-05-06 | Method for the production of a three-layer metal cord of the type that is rubberised in situ |
Country Status (6)
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US (1) | US9010079B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2572029B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5800341B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102892947B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2962454B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011144471A1 (en) |
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FR2982884B1 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2014-06-06 | Michelin Soc Tech | TWO-LAYER METAL CABLE, GUM IN SITU BY UNSATURATED THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER |
FR2982885B1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-11-07 | Michelin Soc Tech | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A TWO-LAYER IN SITU GEL METAL CABLE WITH AN UNSATURATED THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER |
JP6072658B2 (en) * | 2013-09-20 | 2017-02-01 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
WO2015102028A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-09 | Kite Gen Research S.R.L. | High efficiency rope, in particular for controlling wing profiles |
DE102014211929A1 (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-01-07 | ContiTech Transportsysteme GmbH | Method for producing a tension member in rope construction, in particular for conveyor belts |
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- 2011-05-06 WO PCT/EP2011/057342 patent/WO2011144471A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-06 JP JP2013510558A patent/JP5800341B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-06 US US13/699,299 patent/US9010079B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-06 EP EP11718388.9A patent/EP2572029B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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Title |
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See references of WO2011144471A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130232936A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
CN102892947A (en) | 2013-01-23 |
JP2013530318A (en) | 2013-07-25 |
US9010079B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 |
EP2572029B1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
WO2011144471A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
FR2962454B1 (en) | 2012-09-21 |
JP5800341B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
FR2962454A1 (en) | 2012-01-13 |
CN102892947B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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