EP2570896A1 - Electronic device and method for driving a touch sensor thereof - Google Patents
Electronic device and method for driving a touch sensor thereof Download PDFInfo
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- EP2570896A1 EP2570896A1 EP20120006472 EP12006472A EP2570896A1 EP 2570896 A1 EP2570896 A1 EP 2570896A1 EP 20120006472 EP20120006472 EP 20120006472 EP 12006472 A EP12006472 A EP 12006472A EP 2570896 A1 EP2570896 A1 EP 2570896A1
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- Prior art keywords
- touch sensor
- mode
- touch
- drive signal
- driving
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 64
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
- G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
- G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
- G06F3/04184—Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a touch sensor of an electronic device. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an electronic device and a method for scanning a touch sensor of the electronic device.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional electronic device 100 including a system 110, a touch controller 120 and a capacitive touch sensor 130.
- the system 110 is the main system of the electronic device 100.
- the capacitive touch sensor 130 includes a set of drive lines and a set of sense lines. Each location where a drive line crosses a sense line is a sensing element of the capacitive touch sensor 130. For example, two sensing elements of the capacitive touch sensor 130 are marked as 132 and 134, respectively. Each sensing element is a sensor for sensing touch or proximity of the user.
- the touch controller 120 may detect resultant touch events by scanning the capacitive touch sensor 130.
- the touch controller 120 scans the capacitive touch sensor 130 by sending touch drive signal DST to the drive lines of the capacitive touch sensor 130.
- the touch drive signal DST charges the sensing elements of the capacitive touch sensor 130 and the sensing elements generate sense signals SS in response.
- the touch controller 120 receives the sense signals SS from the sense lines of the capacitive touch sensor 130.
- the touch controller 120 analyzes the sense signals SS to determine the locations of the touch events.
- the system 110 may perform predetermined functions of the electronic device 100 according to the touch events.
- the present disclosure is directed to an electronic device and a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module in an electronic device.
- the electronic device and the method may determine a mode for applying a drive signal to the touch sensor and change the mode in order to avoid bursts of the noises.
- an electronic device comprising a display module, a touch sensor integrated into the display module, and a control circuitry.
- the control circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and the display module and configured to drive the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at one of a first mode and a second mode and detect a sense signal from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- the control circuitry may further configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor based on a determination.
- the control circuitry comprises a sense circuitry, and a drive circuitry.
- the sense circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor, and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor.
- the drive circuitry is coupled to the sense circuitry, the display module and the touch sensor and configured to apply a display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor at the one determined mode.
- control circuitry may comprise a sense circuitry, a process unit and a drive circuitry.
- the sense circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor, the process unit and the drive circuitry and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor.
- the process unit is configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor.
- the drive circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and the process unit and configured to apply the display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor.
- the process unit determines to drive the touch sensor at the first mode.
- the process unit determines to drive the touch sensor at the second mode.
- a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module in an electronic device includes the following steps: determining one of a first mode and a second mode for driving the touch sensor; driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at the one determined mode and detecting the sense signals from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- the method further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor within a display period; applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a first predetermined timing within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; and applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a second predetermined timing within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor.
- the method further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a first frequency within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; and applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a second frequency within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional electronic device.
- Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a display module with an in-cell capacitive touch sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 2C is a flow chart showing a method for scanning a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 3B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 4B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 are schematic diagrams showing driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 11A and Fig. 11B are flow charts showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 11C is a schematic diagram showing pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 11D and Fig. 11E are flow charts showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating an electronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the electronic device 200 may be any electronic devices with a touch display, such as smart phones, personal digital assistants, tablet computers or notebook computers.
- An electronic device 200 comprises a display module 240, a touch sensor 230, which integrated into the display module 240, and a control circuitry 201.
- the display module 240 comprises a plurality of pixels or sub-pixels and a plurality of scan lines connected to the plurality of pixels or sub-pixels, and the control circuitry 201 is further configured to drive the pixels or sub-pixels through the use of scan lines during a display period.
- the display period includes a plurality of pixel process periods, during which the pixels or sub-pixels are driven, and a plurality of blank periods, during which no pixel or sub-pixel is driven.
- the control circuitry 201 is coupled to the touch sensor 230 and the display module 240 and configured to drive the touch sensor by a touch drive signal DST at either a first mode or a second mode and detect a sense signals SS from the touch sensor 230 when the touch sensor 230 is driven by the touch drive signal DST.
- the touch drive signal DST is applied to drive the touch sensor 230 within the display period.
- the display module 240 may be a liquid crystal module (LCM), OLED (organic light emitting diode) display module or transparent OLED display module.
- the touch sensor 230 may be an in-cell capacitive touch sensor which may includes a plurality of sensing elements coupled to the control circuitry 201. Each sensing element is a sensor for sensing the touch or the proximity of a conductive object such as a stylus or a finger of the user. These touch sensor 230 may be integrated into the display module 240. The sensing elements of the touch sensor may share or use a Vcom circuitry for the display module to charge or drive the sensing elements.
- the touch sensor 230 is an in-cell capacitive touch sensor, the present disclosure is not limited to in-cell capacitive touch sensors only. The present disclosure is applicable to any touch sensor that is integrated into a display module, including on-cell touch sensor. In other words, the display module 240 may be an in-cell or on-cell display module.
- the display module 240 includes an upper substrate 12, a lower substrate 14 and a liquid crystal (LC) layer 16.
- the upper substrate 12 may be a color filter (CF) substrate with a color filter layer 12a
- the lower substrate 14 may be a thin-film transistor (TFT) array substrate with a TFT array 18a.
- the LC layer 16 is sandwiched between the two substrates 12 and 14.
- the display module 240 also includes the in-cell capacitive touch sensor 230 integrated into the display module 240.
- the touch sensor 230 has a first conductive layer 18a with drive line electrodes (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the lower substrate 14 for receiving drive signals, and a second conductive layer 18b with sense line electrodes (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the upper substrate 12 for providing sense signals.
- the sense signals are provided from the touch sensor 230 when the touch sensor 230 is driven.
- the sense signals may be generated by the touch or the proximity of one or more conductive objects to one or more sensing elements of the touch sensor 230.
- the first conductive layer 18a is integrated into the TFT array 18a by using the gate lines of the TFT array 18a as the drive line electrodes of the first conductive layer 18a.
- first and second conductive layers 18a and 18b integrated into the LCM module are not limited in the present disclosure.
- first conductive layer 18a may also be formed on the lower surface of the upper substrate, and the two conductive layers 18a and 18b may be formed on the same layer so as to form a single-layer type sensor on the upper surface of the upper substrate.
- the single-layer type sensor may be formed on the lower surface of the upper substrate.
- the display module may be any type of LCM modules, e.g. IPS type, VA type, TN type, and etc.
- the display module structure may be implemented in IPS type LCM module, or in VA or TN type LCM module.
- a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device comprises the steps of driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at either a first mode or a second mode and detecting sense signals from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- Fig. 2C is a flow chart illustrating a method for driving a touch sensor, which is integrated into a display module in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method shown in Fig. 2C may be executed by the electronic device 200 shown in Fig. 2A .
- the control circuitry 201 is coupled to the touch sensor 230 and the display module 240 and configured to drive the touch sensor 230 by a touch drive signal DST at either a first mode or a second mode and detect sense signals SS from the touch sensor 230 when the touch sensor 230 is driven by the touch drive signal.
- the control circuitry 201 is further configured to determine one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor 230 based on a determination.
- the determination may be determined as the following examples. First example is related to noise level.
- the determination for driving the touch sensor 230 is to determine whether the sense signals SS has a noise level greater than a predetermined level.
- the control circuitry 201 determines that the sense signals SS have the noise level greater than the predetermined level
- the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor 230 at the first mode.
- the control circuitry 201 determines that the sense signals SS do not have the noise level greater than the predetermined level
- the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- Second example is related to characteristic of the touch sensor 230.
- the determination for driving the touch sensor 230 is to determine a characteristic of the touch sensor. When it is determined that the touch sensor 230 has a first characteristic, the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that the touch sensor 230 has a second characteristic, the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor at the second mode.
- the third example is related to the charge level of the touch sensor 230.
- the determination for driving the sensing element is to determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level. When it is determined that the charge level is not lower than a predetermined charge level, the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that the charge level is lower than a predetermined charge level, the control circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- the fourth example is related to image to be displayed on the display module. The determination for driving the touch sensor 230 is to determine whether an image to be displayed on display module 240 results in a noise level greater than a predetermined level for touch sensor 230.
- the control circuitry 201 determines to drives the touch sensor 230 at the first mode.
- the control circuitry to drives the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating another example an electronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the electronic device 200 includes a display module 240 with a touch sensor 230 integrated into the display module 240, a drive circuitry 250 coupled to the display module 240 and the touch sensor 230, and a sense circuitry 220 coupled to the touch sensor 230 and the drive circuitry 250.
- the sense circuitry is configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode as a determined mode for driving the touch sensor, and configured to detect the sense signals from the touch sensor.
- the drive circuitry 250 is configured to apply the display drive signal DSD for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal DST for driving the touch sensor at the determined mode.
- Fig. 3B is a flow chart illustrating a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the method shown in Fig. 3B may be executed by the electronic device 200 shown in Fig. 3A .
- the sense circuitry 220 determines either a first or a second mode for the drive circuitry 250 to apply the drive signals.
- the drive signals in this embodiment, comprises the display drive signal DSD for the display module 240 and the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230.
- the drive circuitry 250 applies the display drive signal DSD to the display module 240 and applies the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230.
- Steps 420 and 422 are the same as their counterparts in Fig.
- the sense circuitry 220 may detect one or more sense signals SS from the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 analyzes the sense signals SS.
- the electronic device 200 may execute one or more functions according to the one or more touch events.
- the sense circuitry 220 may change from the first mode to the second mode for the drive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for driving the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 may determine to change the mode for the drive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for driving the touch sensor 230 when the sense circuitry 220 analyzes the sense signals SS and identifies at least one of the sense signals SS with a noise level greater than a predetermined value.
- the sense circuitry 220 is further configured to determine one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor 230 based on a determination.
- the determination may be determined as the following examples.
- First example is related to noise level.
- the determination for driving the touch sensor 230 is to determine whether the sense signals SS has a noise level greater than a predetermined level.
- the sense circuitry 220 determines the first mode for the drive circuitry 250 to drives the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 determines to drives the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- Second example is related to characteristic of the touch sensor 230.
- the determination for driving the touch sensor 230 is to determine a characteristic of the touch sensor 230; wherein when it is determined that the touch sensor 230 has a first characteristic, the sense circuitry 220 determines to drive the touch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that the touch sensor 230 has a second characteristic, the sense circuitry 220 determines to drive the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- the third example is related to the charge level of the touch sensor 230.
- the determination for driving the sensing element is to determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level.
- the sense circuitry 220 determines that the charge level is not lower than a predetermined charge level, the sense circuitry 220 determines to drive the touch sensor 230 at the first mode.
- the sense circuitry 220 determines that the charge level is lower than the predetermined charge level, the sense circuitry 220 determines to drive the touch sensor 230 at the second mode.
- the aforementioned mode is related to the timing or the frequency to apply or send the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230.
- the control circuitry 201 determines the first mode for driving the touch sensor 230
- the touch drive signal DST is applied to the touch sensor 230 according to a first predetermined timing within the display period.
- the control circuitry 201 determines the second mode for driving the touch sensor 230
- the touch drive signal DST is applied to the touch sensor 230 according to a second predetermined timing within the display period.
- the first predetermined timing may be different from the second predetermined timing.
- the sense circuitry 220 may send an instruction to control the drive circuitry 250 to change the timing or the frequency of the touch drive signal DST for driving the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 may adjust the timing of the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230 by changing the mode for the drive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST.
- Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram showing the electronic device 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the electronic device 200 in Fig. 4A includes a display module 240 with a touch sensor 230 integrated into the display module 240, a drive circuitry 250 coupled to the display module 240 and the touch sensor 230, a process unit 210 coupled to the drive circuitry 250, and a sense circuitry 220 coupled to the touch sensor 230, the process unit 210 and the drive circuitry 250.
- the process unit 210 may include a memory 215 configured to store different modes to be selected in step 1110 for applying the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230.
- Fig. 4B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method may be executed by the electronic device 200 as shown in Fig. 4A .
- the process unit 210 determines either a first mode or a second mode to apply the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230 based on an image to be displayed on the display module 240 or an image property of the image such as histogram of the image.
- the image to be displayed on display module may result in a noise level greater than a predetermined level for touch sensor.
- the process unit determines for the drive circuitry to drives the touch sensor at the first mode.
- the process unit determines for the drive circuitry to drives the touch sensor at the second mode.
- the sense circuitry 220 instructs the driving circuitry 250 the timing or the frequency to apply the touch drive signal DST based on the mode. In other words, the timing or frequency to apply the touch drive signal DST is determined by the sense circuitry 220 and is implemented by the drive circuitry 250.
- the drive circuitry 250 applies the display drive signal DSD and DST for the display module 240 and the touch sensor 230.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the default mode 500 for sending the touch drive signal DST to scan the touch sensor 230 of the electronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the default mode 500 may be used as the mode in step 420 or the mode in step 428.
- the drive circuitry 250 may scan the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST at the default mode 500.
- the period from the beginning of a pulse of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC to the beginning of the next pulse of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC is the period of an image frame displayed by the display module 240.
- the display period mentioned above may be the period of an image frame displayed by the display module 240.
- the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC ensures the scan of the display module 240 starts at the top of the image frame at the right time.
- the period from the beginning of a pulse of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to the beginning of the next pulse of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC is the period of a scan line of the image frame displayed by the display module 240.
- the display period mentioned above may be the period of a scan line of the image frame displayed by the display module 240.
- the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC has a plurality of high voltage levels and a plurality of low voltage levels to form a plurality of pulses.
- the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC synchronizes the start of the horizontal image scan line in the display module 240 with the image source that generates the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC.
- the display drive signal DSD is applied to the display module 240 during a display period, which may include a plurality of pixel process periods (such as the pixel process periods 521-523) for the drive circuitry 250 to drive pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 at the high voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC.
- the pixel process periods 521-523 are defined within the high voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC.
- Each pixel of the display module 240 may include multiple sub-pixels and each sub-pixel may display a different primary color, such as red, green or blue.
- the drive circuitry 250 may control the greyscale of at least one pixel or at least one sub-pixel of the display module 240 in each pixel process period 521-523.
- the display period mentioned above further includes one or more display blank periods, such as the display blank periods 511-514.
- the blank periods are the periods during which no pixel or sub-pixel is driven.
- Each display blank period is a period between the pixel process periods of two scan lines, two pixels or two sub-pixels of the display module 240.
- a display blank period between two scan lines means a display blank period between the pixel process period of the last pixel of a scan line and the pixel process period of the first pixel of the next scan line, such as the display blank periods 511 and 514.
- the display blank period 511 and 514 are defined within the low voltage levels of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC, respectively while the display blank periods 512 and 513 are defined within the high voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC.
- the drive circuitry 250 does not drive any one pixel or sub-pixel of the display module 240 in the display blank periods. Since the display module 240 does not forward the drive signal DSD to the pixels in the display blank periods and thus has no big currents and does not produce common voltage (VCOM) noises in the display blank periods, the drive circuitry 250 may scan the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the display blank periods to avoid bursts of noises.
- VCOM common voltage
- the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 only in the display blank periods between two scan lines, such as the display blank periods 511 and 514.
- the lowermost part of Fig. 5 shows two scanning periods 531 and 532.
- Each scanning period is a period wherein the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 may instruct the drive circuitry 250 to adjust the display blank periods to form a prolonged display blank period, and apply the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230 within the prolonged display blank period.
- the drive circuitry 250 may merge a part or all of one or more display blank periods into the prolonged display blank period.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the default mode 500 and another mode 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the drive circuitry 250 merges a part of the display blank period 511 into the prolonged display blank period 514 to make the display blank period 514 longer for accommodating more touch drive signal DST, and then the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the prolonged display blank period 514.
- the drive circuitry 250 may merge more display blank periods between scan lines into the prolonged display blank period 514 to make the prolonged display blank period 514 even longer.
- the drive circuitry 250 may distribute the applying of the touch drive signal DST in one or more display blank periods according to the length of each display blank period and the length of time required for charging the sensing elements of the touch sensor 230.
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the default mode 500 and another mode 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the touch drive signal DST is applied by the drive circuitry 250 to drive the touch sensor 230 within the blank periods 511 and 514 according to a first predetermined timing.
- the touch drive signal DST is applied by the drive circuitry 250 to drive the touch sensor 230 within the blank periods 512 and 513, in addition to the blank periods 511 and 514, according to a second predetermined timing.
- the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 not only in the display blank period 511 or 514 between scan lines, but also in the display blank periods 512 and 513 between pixels or sub-pixels.
- the drive circuitry 250 may distribute the scanning of the entire touch sensor 230 in one or more display blank periods according to the length of each display blank period and the length of time required for charging the sensing elements of the touch sensor 230.
- the drive circuitry 250 may apply the touch drive signal DST to only a part of the touch sensor 230 or the entire touch sensor 230 in each display blank period. The longer a display blank period, the more sensing elements or drive lines of the touch sensor 230 that the drive circuitry 250 may scan in the display blank period.
- the control circuitry drives the sensing elements at the first mode
- the touch drive signal is applied to the sensing elements according to a first charging period within the display period for all sensing elements.
- the control circuitry drives the sensing elements at the second mode, the sensing elements is charged to reach a predetermined charged level by adjusting a second charging period or a second charging voltage for charging each sensing elements.
- the sense circuitry determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level. When it is determined that the charge level is not lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode. When it is determined that the charge level is lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode.
- the Sensing elements nearer to the drive circuitry 250 often require shorter charging time than the far sensing elements do. The number of near sensing elements that may be charged is often larger than the number of far sensing elements that may be charged in the same display blank period.
- the drive circuitry 250 may arrange the timing of the touch drive signal DST according to the aforementioned details.
- the drive circuitry 250 may use the entire display blank period or only part of the display blank period to apply the touch drive signal DST.
- the control circuitry or sense circuitry drives the sensing elements at the first mode
- the touch drive signal is applied to the sensing elements according to a first charging period within the display period for all sensing elements.
- the first charging period is defined as the period for charging the far sensing elements.
- the control circuitry or sense circuitry determine to drives the sensing elements at the second mode, the sensing elements is charged to reach a predetermined charged level by adjusting a second charging period or a second charging voltage for charging each sensing elements.
- the drive circuitry may charge the sensing element with different charging period or charging voltage.
- the near sensing element may only require short period of time to charge compared to the far sensing elements.
- the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode; and wherein when the charge level of the sensing elements is not lower than a predetermined level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode.
- Each drive line of the touch sensor 230 scanned in a display blank period may receive a single drive signal DST or a series of multiple touch drive signal DST or all of the touch drive signal DST applied by the drive circuitry 250 in the display blank period.
- the touch drive signal DST sent out by the drive circuitry 250 in a display blank period may concentrate on a single drive line or may be distributed into multiple drive lines of the touch sensor 230.
- a single drive line needs to be driven by a series of multiple touch drive signal DST so that a burst of noises cannot corrupt all of the resultant sense signals SS.
- a display blank period may be very short such that only one drive signal DST may be sent out. Sometimes a display blank period may be too short for applying one drive signal DST to fully charge a sensing element of the touch sensor 230.
- the drive circuitry 250 may distribute the full charging of at least one of the sensing elements of the touch sensor 230 into multiple display blank periods. In other words, the drive circuitry 250 may charge the same sensing element partially in each display blank period so that the sensing element may be fully charged after multiple display blank periods.
- the drive circuitry 250 may drive a scan line of the display module 240 to display an image and simultaneously send one or more touch drive signal DST to one or more sensing elements of the touch sensor 230 in another scan line of the display module 240.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the default mode 500 and another mode 800 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the drive circuitry 250 merges a part of the display blank periods 511 and 514 between scan lines into the display blank periods 512 and 513 between pixels or sub-pixels to even out the lengths of the display blank periods 511-514, and then the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in each display blank period 511-514.
- the drive circuitry 250 drives the pixels of a scan line of the display module 240 and simultaneously send touch drive signal DST to drive the touch sensor sensing elements in another scan line of the display module 240 to avoid the noises generated by the pixels of the first scan line.
- Fig. 8 There is another interpretation for Fig. 8 . There are three pixel process periods at the mode 800, while there are ten scanning periods at the mode 800. Since more touch drive signal DST are applied to the touch sensor 230 than the display drive signal DSD are applied to the display module 240, the frequency of the touch drive signal DST is different from the frequency of the display drive signal DSD, which helps to reduce the noise level.
- the drive circuitry 250 may select one or more pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 according to the level of noises generated by the pixels or the sub-pixels displaying an image according to the display drive signal DSD and scan the touch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the selected pixel process periods of the pixels or sub-pixels.
- the drive signal DSD from the drive circuitry 250 specifies the greyscales to be displayed by the pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240.
- the relation of the levels of noises generated by the display module 240 versus the displayed greyscales of the display module 240 may be measured in advance in a laboratory.
- This relation may be pre-stored in the drive circuitry 250 such that the drive circuitry 250 knows in advance which greyscales produce major noises and which greyscales produce minor tolerable noises.
- the drive circuitry 250 may select some pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 with lower noises and applies the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 in the selected pixel process periods.
- Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between the default mode 500 and another mode 900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the drive circuitry 250 merges a part of the display blank periods 511 and 514 between scan lines into the display blank periods 512 and 513 between pixels or sub-pixels to even out the lengths of the display blank periods 511-514, and then the drive circuitry 250 scans the touch sensor 230 in each display blank period 511-514.
- the drive circuitry 250 since the greyscale displayed in the pixel process period 521 generates more noises and the greyscales displayed in the pixel process periods 522 and 523 generate less noises, the drive circuitry 250 also scans the touch sensor 230 in the pixel process periods 522 and 523.
- each mode of the touch drive signal DST involves specific timing or frequency of the touch drive signal DST.
- the sense circuitry 220 may determine the timing and/or frequency of the touch drive signal DST and then notifies the drive circuitry 250 of the timing and/or frequency of the touch drive signal DST.
- the drive circuitry 250 may synchronize the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC or the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC or one or more display blank periods with the sense circuitry 220 for determining the timing and/or frequency for the drive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230.
- the drive circuitry 250 may simply provide the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to the sense circuitry 220 so that the sense circuitry 220 may know the timing of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC, and the display blank periods.
- Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the electronic device 200 includes a display module 240, a touch sensor 230 integrated into the display module 240, and an integrated controller 205.
- the display module 240 and the touch sensor 230 constitute the touch display of the electronic device 200.
- the integrated controller 205 is coupled to the display module 240 and the touch sensor 230.
- the integrated controller 205 may include the drive circuitry 250 and the sense circuitry 220 shown in Fig. 2 , or include the drive circuitry 250, the sense circuitry 220 and the process unit 210 shown in Fig. 10 .
- Fig. 11A is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- This method may be executed by the integrated controller 205.
- the integrated controller 205 drives the display module 240 to display an image, such as the graphical user interface (GUI) of the electronic device 200.
- the integrated controller 205 drives the display module 240 by providing the display drive signal DSD, the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to the display module 240.
- Each of the display drive signal DSD controls the greyscale of a pixel or a sub-pixel of the display module 240.
- the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC indicates the beginning of each image frame.
- the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC indicates the beginning of each scan line of an image frame.
- the integrated controller 205 determines a signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to be sent to the touch sensor 230.
- the integrated controller 205 determines the signal frequency in order to avoid noises interfering with the sense signals SS.
- the integrated controller 205 may determine the signal frequency simply by trial and error. In other words, the integrated controller 205 may try various signal frequencies of the touch drive signal DST until an ideal signal frequency that may reduce the level of the noises is found.
- the integrated controller 205 may detect fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises by analyzing the sense signals SS received in previous scans of the touch sensor 230. How to detect the frequencies of the noises is well-known and is not discussed here.
- the integrated controller 205 may set the signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to avoid both the fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises for the best result. In other words, the signal frequency should be as far from the fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises as possible.
- the integrated controller 205 may determine the signal frequency according to the flow shown in Fig. 11B .
- the integrated controller 205 determines an image frequency by analyzing the greyscales of the image to be displayed by the display module 240.
- the integrated controller 205 determines the signal frequency such that the signal frequency avoids the image frequency. In other words, the signal frequency should be as far from the image frequency as possible.
- Fig. 11C is a schematic diagram showing pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 11C also depicts some examples of the aforementioned image frequency.
- each monochrome pixel is the smallest display unit and Fig. 11C shows the pixel process periods 442, 444 and 446 in which the integrated controller 205 sends the display drive signal DSD to the pixels of the display module 240.
- the display module 240 is multicolored, each sub-pixel is the smallest display unit and Fig. 11C shows the pixel process periods 442, 444 and 446 in which the integrated controller 205 sends the display drive signal DSD to the sub-pixels of the display module 240.
- the display drive signal DSD output by the integrated controller 205 specify the greyscales to be displayed by the pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240.
- Each multicolored pixel consists of multiple sub-pixels.
- Each sub-pixel of a pixel displays a different primary color.
- a pixel process period is a length of time in which the integrated controller 205 sends display drive signal DSD to one or more pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 for displaying the image.
- the integrated controller 205 sends a drive signal DSD to the display module 240 for each of the nine pixels/sub-pixels 1-9. If the length of the pixel process period 442 is T, then the image frequency in the pixel process period 442 is 9/T.
- the integrated controller 205 does not have to send the drive signal DSD to this pixel/sub-pixel.
- the pixels/sub-pixels 4-6 and 8 display the default greyscale. Therefore, the integrated controller 205 outputs only five display drive signal DSD for the pixels/sub-pixels 1-3, 7 and 9.
- the image frequency in the pixel process period 444 is 5/T.
- the pixels/sub-pixels 2, 3, 5 and 8 display the default greyscale. Therefore, the integrated controller 205 outputs only five display drive signal DSD for the pixels/sub-pixels 1, 4, 6, 7 and 9.
- the image frequency in the pixel process period 446 is also 5/T.
- step 406 the integrated controller 205 determines the timing of each of the touch drive signal DST according to the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC and the signal frequency determined in step 404.
- step 408 the integrated controller 205 scans the touch sensor 230 by sending the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 according to the timing determined in step 406. By determining the signal frequency and the timing, the integrated controller 205 determines the mode for applying the touch drive signal DST for the touch sensor 230.
- the integrated controller 205 may know the beginning time and the end time of each display blank period and each pixel process period of the display module 240 based on the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC. The integrated controller 205 may determine the timing such that the integrated controller 205 sends the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 only in the display blank periods of the display module 240 or the pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240 that generate noises at a relatively lower level.
- Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 provides some detailed examples and discussions about the timing of the touch drive signal DST.
- the integrated controller 205 receives the sense signals SS generated by the touch sensor 230 in response to the touch drive signal DST.
- the integrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect one or more touch events.
- the integrated controller 205 may perform a function of the electronic device 200 according to the one or more touch events.
- the integrated controller 205 may determine the mode to apply the touch drive signal DST based on any image property of the image to be displayed by the display module 240.
- the image property may be a histogram of the greyscales of the image or the signal frequency of the display drive signal DSD in the example of Fig. 11C .
- Fig. 11D is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. This method may be executed by the integrated controller 205.
- Step 452 is a previous scan of the touch sensor 230 consisting of steps 402-410 in Fig. 11A .
- the integrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the level of the noises.
- the integrated controller 205 checks whether the level of the noises is higher than a predetermined value or not. When the level of the noises is not higher than the predetermined value, the integrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the touch event in step 466. When the level of the noises is higher than the predetermined value, the integrated controller 205 changes the signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to a new frequency in step 458. The integrated controller 205 determines the new frequency in order to avoid the noises.
- the integrated controller 205 may determine the new frequency of the touch drive signal DST according to the flow shown in Fig. 4E.
- the integrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the frequency of the noises in step 472 and then in step 474 determines the new frequency such that the new frequency avoids the noise frequency.
- step 460 the integrated controller 205 determines the new timing of each of the touch drive signal DST according to the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC and the new frequency determined in step 458.
- step 462 the integrated controller 205 scans the touch sensor 230 by sending the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 according to the new timing.
- step 464 the integrated controller 205 receives the sense signals SS generated by the touch sensor 230 in response to the touch drive signal DST, and then the flow returns to step 454.
- the integrated controller 205 may execute the loop of steps 454-464 as a trial-and-error process. As long as the noise level is too high, the integrated controller 205 may simply choose another frequency for the touch drive signal DST and repeat the loop until the detected level of noises drops to an acceptable level.
- the sense circuitry 220, the drive circuitry 250, and the process unit 210 may exchange data and control signals in order to cooperate in executing the steps in Fig 2A , Fig 2C , Fig 3A , Fig. 3B , Fig. 4A and Fig. 4B .
- Step 402 may be executed by the drive circuitry 250.
- Step 404 may be executed by the process unit 210, the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250.
- Step 406 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250.
- Step 408 may be executed by the drive circuitry 250.
- Steps 410 and 412 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220.
- Step 432 may be executed by the process unit 210.
- Step 434 may be executed by the process unit 210, the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250.
- Steps 454 and 456 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220. Each of steps 458 and 460 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250. Step 462 may be executed by the drive circuitry 250. Steps 464 and 466 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220. Step 472 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220. Step 474 may be executed by the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250.
- the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250 may decide when to scan the touch sensor 230.
- the sense circuitry 220 may send at least one control signal to inform the drive circuitry 250 to begin sending the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 and the sense circuitry 220 may wait to receive the sense signals SS.
- the drive circuitry 250 may begin sending the touch drive signal DST to the touch sensor 230 and send at least one control signal to inform the sense circuitry 220 to receive the sense signals SS.
- the process unit 210 is the main system of the electronic device 200. The process unit 210 may perform the function of the electronic device 200 according to one or more touch events detected by the sense circuitry 220.
- the sense circuitry 220 may detect the relation of the levels of noises versus the displayed greyscales of the pixels or sub-pixels of the display module 240. This relation may be stored in the process unit 210, the sense circuitry 220 or the drive circuitry 250 for using the mode 900 in Fig. 9 .
- the present disclosure may determine the mode for applying the drive signals for the touch sensor in order to avoid bursts of noises and get better results of touch sensor scanning.
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Abstract
Description
- This application claims the priority benefit of Taiwan application serial no.
61/535,377, filed on September 16, 2011 - The present disclosure relates to a touch sensor of an electronic device. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an electronic device and a method for scanning a touch sensor of the electronic device.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventionalelectronic device 100 including asystem 110, a touch controller 120 and acapacitive touch sensor 130. Thesystem 110 is the main system of theelectronic device 100. Thecapacitive touch sensor 130 includes a set of drive lines and a set of sense lines. Each location where a drive line crosses a sense line is a sensing element of thecapacitive touch sensor 130. For example, two sensing elements of thecapacitive touch sensor 130 are marked as 132 and 134, respectively. Each sensing element is a sensor for sensing touch or proximity of the user. - When a user performs some operations on the
capacitive touch sensor 130, the touch controller 120 may detect resultant touch events by scanning thecapacitive touch sensor 130. The touch controller 120 scans thecapacitive touch sensor 130 by sending touch drive signal DST to the drive lines of thecapacitive touch sensor 130. The touch drive signal DST charges the sensing elements of thecapacitive touch sensor 130 and the sensing elements generate sense signals SS in response. Next, the touch controller 120 receives the sense signals SS from the sense lines of thecapacitive touch sensor 130. The touch controller 120 analyzes the sense signals SS to determine the locations of the touch events. Thesystem 110 may perform predetermined functions of theelectronic device 100 according to the touch events. - In the scanning of a capacitive touch sensor, noises often affect the sense signals and cause erroneous results of the detection of touch events. The noise is always present and is always a problem. For example, many electronic devices, such as smart phones and tablet computers, are equipped with touch displays that consist of touch sensors and liquid crystal modules (LCMs). An LCM generates a lot of noises when the polarities of its pixels are inverted.
- Accordingly, the present disclosure is directed to an electronic device and a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module in an electronic device. The electronic device and the method may determine a mode for applying a drive signal to the touch sensor and change the mode in order to avoid bursts of the noises.
- According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device comprises a display module, a touch sensor integrated into the display module, and a control circuitry. The control circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and the display module and configured to drive the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at one of a first mode and a second mode and detect a sense signal from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal. The control circuitry may further configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor based on a determination.
- According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuitry comprises a sense circuitry, and a drive circuitry. The sense circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor, and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor. The drive circuitry is coupled to the sense circuitry, the display module and the touch sensor and configured to apply a display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor at the one determined mode.
- According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuitry may comprise a sense circuitry, a process unit and a drive circuitry. The sense circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor, the process unit and the drive circuitry and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor. The process unit is configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor. The drive circuitry is coupled to the touch sensor and the process unit and configured to apply the display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor. When the process unit determined that an image to be displayed on display module results in a noise level greater than a predetermined level for the touch sensor, the process unit determines to drive the touch sensor at the first mode. Whereas, when it is determined that the image to be displayed on display module does not result in the noise level for the touch sensor greater than the predetermined level for the touch sensor, the process unit determines to drive the touch sensor at the second mode.
- According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module in an electronic device is provided. The method includes the following steps: determining one of a first mode and a second mode for driving the touch sensor; driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at the one determined mode and detecting the sense signals from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor within a display period; applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a first predetermined timing within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; and applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a second predetermined timing within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor.
- According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a first frequency within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; and applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a second frequency within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor.
- The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
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Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional electronic device. -
Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a display module with an in-cell capacitive touch sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 2C is a flow chart showing a method for scanning a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 3B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 4B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 are schematic diagrams showing driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 11A andFig. 11B are flow charts showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 11C is a schematic diagram showing pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 11D andFig. 11E are flow charts showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. - Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
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Fig. 2A is a schematic diagram illustrating anelectronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theelectronic device 200 may be any electronic devices with a touch display, such as smart phones, personal digital assistants, tablet computers or notebook computers. Anelectronic device 200 comprises adisplay module 240, atouch sensor 230, which integrated into thedisplay module 240, and acontrol circuitry 201. Thedisplay module 240 comprises a plurality of pixels or sub-pixels and a plurality of scan lines connected to the plurality of pixels or sub-pixels, and thecontrol circuitry 201 is further configured to drive the pixels or sub-pixels through the use of scan lines during a display period. The display period includes a plurality of pixel process periods, during which the pixels or sub-pixels are driven, and a plurality of blank periods, during which no pixel or sub-pixel is driven. Thecontrol circuitry 201 is coupled to thetouch sensor 230 and thedisplay module 240 and configured to drive the touch sensor by a touch drive signal DST at either a first mode or a second mode and detect a sense signals SS from thetouch sensor 230 when thetouch sensor 230 is driven by the touch drive signal DST. In one embodiment, the touch drive signal DST is applied to drive thetouch sensor 230 within the display period. - The
display module 240 may be a liquid crystal module (LCM), OLED (organic light emitting diode) display module or transparent OLED display module. Thetouch sensor 230 may be an in-cell capacitive touch sensor which may includes a plurality of sensing elements coupled to thecontrol circuitry 201. Each sensing element is a sensor for sensing the touch or the proximity of a conductive object such as a stylus or a finger of the user. Thesetouch sensor 230 may be integrated into thedisplay module 240. The sensing elements of the touch sensor may share or use a Vcom circuitry for the display module to charge or drive the sensing elements. Although thetouch sensor 230 is an in-cell capacitive touch sensor, the present disclosure is not limited to in-cell capacitive touch sensors only. The present disclosure is applicable to any touch sensor that is integrated into a display module, including on-cell touch sensor. In other words, thedisplay module 240 may be an in-cell or on-cell display module. - As depicted in
Fig. 2B , it is a cross-sectional view of thedisplay module 240 with the in-cellcapacitive touch sensor 230 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Thedisplay module 240 includes anupper substrate 12, alower substrate 14 and a liquid crystal (LC)layer 16. Theupper substrate 12 may be a color filter (CF) substrate with acolor filter layer 12a, while thelower substrate 14 may be a thin-film transistor (TFT) array substrate with a TFT array 18a. TheLC layer 16 is sandwiched between the twosubstrates display module 240 also includes the in-cellcapacitive touch sensor 230 integrated into thedisplay module 240. Thetouch sensor 230 has a first conductive layer 18a with drive line electrodes (not shown) formed on the upper surface of thelower substrate 14 for receiving drive signals, and a secondconductive layer 18b with sense line electrodes (not shown) formed on the upper surface of theupper substrate 12 for providing sense signals. The sense signals are provided from thetouch sensor 230 when thetouch sensor 230 is driven. The sense signals may be generated by the touch or the proximity of one or more conductive objects to one or more sensing elements of thetouch sensor 230. In this embodiment, the first conductive layer 18a is integrated into the TFT array 18a by using the gate lines of the TFT array 18a as the drive line electrodes of the first conductive layer 18a. - Please note that the positions of the first and second
conductive layers 18a and 18b integrated into the LCM module are not limited in the present disclosure. For example, the first conductive layer 18a may also be formed on the lower surface of the upper substrate, and the twoconductive layers 18a and 18b may be formed on the same layer so as to form a single-layer type sensor on the upper surface of the upper substrate. In another embodiment, the single-layer type sensor may be formed on the lower surface of the upper substrate. - According to above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure, the display module may be any type of LCM modules, e.g. IPS type, VA type, TN type, and etc. The display module structure may be implemented in IPS type LCM module, or in VA or TN type LCM module.
- A method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device comprises the steps of driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at either a first mode or a second mode and detecting sense signals from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal. Please refer to
Fig. 2C , which is a flow chart illustrating a method for driving a touch sensor, which is integrated into a display module in an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method shown inFig. 2C may be executed by theelectronic device 200 shown inFig. 2A . Instep 420, thecontrol circuitry 201 is coupled to thetouch sensor 230 and thedisplay module 240 and configured to drive thetouch sensor 230 by a touch drive signal DST at either a first mode or a second mode and detect sense signals SS from thetouch sensor 230 when thetouch sensor 230 is driven by the touch drive signal. Thecontrol circuitry 201 is further configured to determine one of the first mode and the second mode for driving thetouch sensor 230 based on a determination. The determination may be determined as the following examples. First example is related to noise level. The determination for driving thetouch sensor 230 is to determine whether the sense signals SS has a noise level greater than a predetermined level. When thecontrol circuitry 201 determines that the sense signals SS have the noise level greater than the predetermined level, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When thecontrol circuitry 201 determined that the sense signals SS do not have the noise level greater than the predetermined level, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. Second example is related to characteristic of thetouch sensor 230. The determination for driving thetouch sensor 230 is to determine a characteristic of the touch sensor. When it is determined that thetouch sensor 230 has a first characteristic, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that thetouch sensor 230 has a second characteristic, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives the touch sensor at the second mode. The third example is related to the charge level of thetouch sensor 230. The determination for driving the sensing element is to determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level. When it is determined that the charge level is not lower than a predetermined charge level, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that the charge level is lower than a predetermined charge level, thecontrol circuitry 201 drives thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. The fourth example is related to image to be displayed on the display module. The determination for driving thetouch sensor 230 is to determine whether an image to be displayed ondisplay module 240 results in a noise level greater than a predetermined level fortouch sensor 230. When it is determined that the image to be displayed ondisplay module 240 results the noise level greater than the predetermined level, thecontrol circuitry 201 determines to drives thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that the image to be displayed on display module does not result the noise level for thetouch sensor 230 greater than the predetermined level, the control circuitry to drives thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. -
Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating another example anelectronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theelectronic device 200 includes adisplay module 240 with atouch sensor 230 integrated into thedisplay module 240, adrive circuitry 250 coupled to thedisplay module 240 and thetouch sensor 230, and asense circuitry 220 coupled to thetouch sensor 230 and thedrive circuitry 250. The sense circuitry is configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode as a determined mode for driving the touch sensor, and configured to detect the sense signals from the touch sensor. Thedrive circuitry 250 is configured to apply the display drive signal DSD for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal DST for driving the touch sensor at the determined mode. -
Fig. 3B is a flow chart illustrating a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The method shown inFig. 3B may be executed by theelectronic device 200 shown inFig. 3A . The Instep 420, thesense circuitry 220 determines either a first or a second mode for thedrive circuitry 250 to apply the drive signals. The drive signals in this embodiment, comprises the display drive signal DSD for thedisplay module 240 and the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230. Instep 422, thedrive circuitry 250 applies the display drive signal DSD to thedisplay module 240 and applies the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230.Steps Fig. 4A . Instep 424, thesense circuitry 220 may detect one or more sense signals SS from thetouch sensor 230. Instep 426, thesense circuitry 220 analyzes the sense signals SS. Theelectronic device 200 may execute one or more functions according to the one or more touch events. Instep 428, thesense circuitry 220 may change from the first mode to the second mode for thedrive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for driving thetouch sensor 230. Thesense circuitry 220 may determine to change the mode for thedrive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for driving thetouch sensor 230 when thesense circuitry 220 analyzes the sense signals SS and identifies at least one of the sense signals SS with a noise level greater than a predetermined value. One of the purposes of the change of the mode instep 428 is avoiding the noises interfering with the scanning of thetouch sensor 230. Thesense circuitry 220 is further configured to determine one of the first mode and the second mode for driving thetouch sensor 230 based on a determination. The determination may be determined as the following examples. First example is related to noise level. The determination for driving thetouch sensor 230 is to determine whether the sense signals SS has a noise level greater than a predetermined level. When thesense circuitry 220 determined that the sense signals have the noise level greater than the predetermined level, thesense circuitry 220 determines the first mode for thedrive circuitry 250 to drives thetouch sensor 230. When thesense circuitry 220 determined that the sense signals SS does not have the noise level greater than the predetermined level, thesense circuitry 220 determines to drives thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. Second example is related to characteristic of thetouch sensor 230. The determination for driving thetouch sensor 230 is to determine a characteristic of thetouch sensor 230; wherein when it is determined that thetouch sensor 230 has a first characteristic, thesense circuitry 220 determines to drive thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When it is determined that thetouch sensor 230 has a second characteristic, thesense circuitry 220 determines to drive thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. The third example is related to the charge level of thetouch sensor 230. The determination for driving the sensing element is to determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level. When thesense circuitry 220 determines that the charge level is not lower than a predetermined charge level, thesense circuitry 220 determines to drive thetouch sensor 230 at the first mode. When thesense circuitry 220 determines that the charge level is lower than the predetermined charge level, thesense circuitry 220 determines to drive thetouch sensor 230 at the second mode. - The aforementioned mode is related to the timing or the frequency to apply or send the touch drive signal DST to the
touch sensor 230. When thecontrol circuitry 201 determines the first mode for driving thetouch sensor 230, the touch drive signal DST is applied to thetouch sensor 230 according to a first predetermined timing within the display period. When thecontrol circuitry 201 determines the second mode for driving thetouch sensor 230, the touch drive signal DST is applied to thetouch sensor 230 according to a second predetermined timing within the display period. The first predetermined timing may be different from the second predetermined timing. In order to switch the mode for driving thetouch sensor 230, thesense circuitry 220 may send an instruction to control thedrive circuitry 250 to change the timing or the frequency of the touch drive signal DST for driving thetouch sensor 230. Thesense circuitry 220 may adjust the timing of the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230 by changing the mode for thedrive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST. -
Fig. 4A is a schematic diagram showing theelectronic device 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Theelectronic device 200 inFig. 4A includes adisplay module 240 with atouch sensor 230 integrated into thedisplay module 240, adrive circuitry 250 coupled to thedisplay module 240 and thetouch sensor 230, aprocess unit 210 coupled to thedrive circuitry 250, and asense circuitry 220 coupled to thetouch sensor 230, theprocess unit 210 and thedrive circuitry 250. Theprocess unit 210 may include amemory 215 configured to store different modes to be selected instep 1110 for applying the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230. -
Fig. 4B is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method may be executed by theelectronic device 200 as shown inFig. 4A . Instep 1110, theprocess unit 210 determines either a first mode or a second mode to apply the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230 based on an image to be displayed on thedisplay module 240 or an image property of the image such as histogram of the image. The image to be displayed on display module may result in a noise level greater than a predetermined level for touch sensor. When the process unit is determined that the image to be displayed on display module results in the noise level greater than the predetermined level, the process unit determines for the drive circuitry to drives the touch sensor at the first mode. When the process unit determined that the image to be displayed on display module does not result in the noise level for the touch sensor greater than the predetermined level, the process unit determines for the drive circuitry to drives the touch sensor at the second mode. Instep 1120, thesense circuitry 220 instructs the drivingcircuitry 250 the timing or the frequency to apply the touch drive signal DST based on the mode. In other words, the timing or frequency to apply the touch drive signal DST is determined by thesense circuitry 220 and is implemented by thedrive circuitry 250. Instep 1130, thedrive circuitry 250 applies the display drive signal DSD and DST for thedisplay module 240 and thetouch sensor 230. -
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing thedefault mode 500 for sending the touch drive signal DST to scan thetouch sensor 230 of theelectronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Thedefault mode 500 may be used as the mode instep 420 or the mode instep 428. Thedrive circuitry 250 may scan thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST at thedefault mode 500. - As shown in
Fig. 5 , the period from the beginning of a pulse of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC to the beginning of the next pulse of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC is the period of an image frame displayed by thedisplay module 240. The display period mentioned above may be the period of an image frame displayed by thedisplay module 240. The vertical synchronization signal VSYNC ensures the scan of thedisplay module 240 starts at the top of the image frame at the right time. The period from the beginning of a pulse of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to the beginning of the next pulse of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC is the period of a scan line of the image frame displayed by thedisplay module 240. The display period mentioned above may be the period of a scan line of the image frame displayed by thedisplay module 240. The horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC has a plurality of high voltage levels and a plurality of low voltage levels to form a plurality of pulses. The horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC synchronizes the start of the horizontal image scan line in thedisplay module 240 with the image source that generates the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC. - The display drive signal DSD is applied to the
display module 240 during a display period, which may include a plurality of pixel process periods (such as the pixel process periods 521-523) for thedrive circuitry 250 to drive pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 at the high voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC. In this embodiment, the pixel process periods 521-523 are defined within the high voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC. Each pixel of thedisplay module 240 may include multiple sub-pixels and each sub-pixel may display a different primary color, such as red, green or blue. Thedrive circuitry 250 may control the greyscale of at least one pixel or at least one sub-pixel of thedisplay module 240 in each pixel process period 521-523. - The display period mentioned above further includes one or more display blank periods, such as the display blank periods 511-514. The blank periods are the periods during which no pixel or sub-pixel is driven. Each display blank period is a period between the pixel process periods of two scan lines, two pixels or two sub-pixels of the
display module 240. Here a display blank period between two scan lines means a display blank period between the pixel process period of the last pixel of a scan line and the pixel process period of the first pixel of the next scan line, such as the displayblank periods blank period blank periods drive circuitry 250 does not drive any one pixel or sub-pixel of thedisplay module 240 in the display blank periods. Since thedisplay module 240 does not forward the drive signal DSD to the pixels in the display blank periods and thus has no big currents and does not produce common voltage (VCOM) noises in the display blank periods, thedrive circuitry 250 may scan thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the display blank periods to avoid bursts of noises. For example, at thedefault mode 500, thedrive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 only in the display blank periods between two scan lines, such as the displayblank periods Fig. 5 shows two scanningperiods drive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230. - The following is the discussion regarding the non-default modes of the touch drive signal DST that may be used in
steps touch sensor 230, thesense circuitry 220 may instruct thedrive circuitry 250 to adjust the display blank periods to form a prolonged display blank period, and apply the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230 within the prolonged display blank period. Thedrive circuitry 250 may merge a part or all of one or more display blank periods into the prolonged display blank period. - For example,
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between thedefault mode 500 and anothermode 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In themode 600, thedrive circuitry 250 merges a part of the displayblank period 511 into the prolonged displayblank period 514 to make the displayblank period 514 longer for accommodating more touch drive signal DST, and then thedrive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the prolonged displayblank period 514. Thedrive circuitry 250 may merge more display blank periods between scan lines into the prolonged displayblank period 514 to make the prolonged displayblank period 514 even longer. - When driving the
touch sensor 230, thedrive circuitry 250 may distribute the applying of the touch drive signal DST in one or more display blank periods according to the length of each display blank period and the length of time required for charging the sensing elements of thetouch sensor 230. For example,Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between thedefault mode 500 and anothermode 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At thedefault mode 500, the touch drive signal DST is applied by thedrive circuitry 250 to drive thetouch sensor 230 within theblank periods mode 700, the touch drive signal DST is applied by thedrive circuitry 250 to drive thetouch sensor 230 within theblank periods blank periods drive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 not only in the displayblank period blank periods - The
drive circuitry 250 may distribute the scanning of theentire touch sensor 230 in one or more display blank periods according to the length of each display blank period and the length of time required for charging the sensing elements of thetouch sensor 230. Thedrive circuitry 250 may apply the touch drive signal DST to only a part of thetouch sensor 230 or theentire touch sensor 230 in each display blank period. The longer a display blank period, the more sensing elements or drive lines of thetouch sensor 230 that thedrive circuitry 250 may scan in the display blank period. When the control circuitry drives the sensing elements at the first mode, the touch drive signal is applied to the sensing elements according to a first charging period within the display period for all sensing elements. When the control circuitry drives the sensing elements at the second mode, the sensing elements is charged to reach a predetermined charged level by adjusting a second charging period or a second charging voltage for charging each sensing elements. - The sense circuitry determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level. When it is determined that the charge level is not lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode. When it is determined that the charge level is lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode. The Sensing elements nearer to the
drive circuitry 250 often require shorter charging time than the far sensing elements do. The number of near sensing elements that may be charged is often larger than the number of far sensing elements that may be charged in the same display blank period. Thedrive circuitry 250 may arrange the timing of the touch drive signal DST according to the aforementioned details. For each display blank period, thedrive circuitry 250 may use the entire display blank period or only part of the display blank period to apply the touch drive signal DST. When the control circuitry or sense circuitry drives the sensing elements at the first mode, the touch drive signal is applied to the sensing elements according to a first charging period within the display period for all sensing elements. The first charging period is defined as the period for charging the far sensing elements. When the control circuitry or sense circuitry determine to drives the sensing elements at the second mode, the sensing elements is charged to reach a predetermined charged level by adjusting a second charging period or a second charging voltage for charging each sensing elements. The drive circuitry may charge the sensing element with different charging period or charging voltage. Therefore, the near sensing element may only require short period of time to charge compared to the far sensing elements. When it is determined that the charge level of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode; and wherein when the charge level of the sensing elements is not lower than a predetermined level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode. - Each drive line of the
touch sensor 230 scanned in a display blank period may receive a single drive signal DST or a series of multiple touch drive signal DST or all of the touch drive signal DST applied by thedrive circuitry 250 in the display blank period. In other words, the touch drive signal DST sent out by thedrive circuitry 250 in a display blank period may concentrate on a single drive line or may be distributed into multiple drive lines of thetouch sensor 230. Sometimes a single drive line needs to be driven by a series of multiple touch drive signal DST so that a burst of noises cannot corrupt all of the resultant sense signals SS. - A display blank period may be very short such that only one drive signal DST may be sent out. Sometimes a display blank period may be too short for applying one drive signal DST to fully charge a sensing element of the
touch sensor 230. For this case or other considerations, thedrive circuitry 250 may distribute the full charging of at least one of the sensing elements of thetouch sensor 230 into multiple display blank periods. In other words, thedrive circuitry 250 may charge the same sensing element partially in each display blank period so that the sensing element may be fully charged after multiple display blank periods. - The
drive circuitry 250 may drive a scan line of thedisplay module 240 to display an image and simultaneously send one or more touch drive signal DST to one or more sensing elements of thetouch sensor 230 in another scan line of thedisplay module 240. For example,Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between thedefault mode 500 and anothermode 800 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At themode 800, thedrive circuitry 250 merges a part of the displayblank periods blank periods drive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in each display blank period 511-514. Moreover, thedrive circuitry 250 drives the pixels of a scan line of thedisplay module 240 and simultaneously send touch drive signal DST to drive the touch sensor sensing elements in another scan line of thedisplay module 240 to avoid the noises generated by the pixels of the first scan line. - There is another interpretation for
Fig. 8 . There are three pixel process periods at themode 800, while there are ten scanning periods at themode 800. Since more touch drive signal DST are applied to thetouch sensor 230 than the display drive signal DSD are applied to thedisplay module 240, the frequency of the touch drive signal DST is different from the frequency of the display drive signal DSD, which helps to reduce the noise level. - The
drive circuitry 250 may select one or more pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 according to the level of noises generated by the pixels or the sub-pixels displaying an image according to the display drive signal DSD and scan thetouch sensor 230 by applying the touch drive signal DST in the selected pixel process periods of the pixels or sub-pixels. The drive signal DSD from thedrive circuitry 250 specifies the greyscales to be displayed by the pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240. The relation of the levels of noises generated by thedisplay module 240 versus the displayed greyscales of thedisplay module 240 may be measured in advance in a laboratory. This relation may be pre-stored in thedrive circuitry 250 such that thedrive circuitry 250 knows in advance which greyscales produce major noises and which greyscales produce minor tolerable noises. Thedrive circuitry 250 may select some pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 with lower noises and applies the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 in the selected pixel process periods. - For example,
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between thedefault mode 500 and anothermode 900 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At themode 900, thedrive circuitry 250 merges a part of the displayblank periods blank periods drive circuitry 250 scans thetouch sensor 230 in each display blank period 511-514. Moreover, since the greyscale displayed in thepixel process period 521 generates more noises and the greyscales displayed in thepixel process periods drive circuitry 250 also scans thetouch sensor 230 in thepixel process periods - As shown in
Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 , each mode of the touch drive signal DST involves specific timing or frequency of the touch drive signal DST. Thesense circuitry 220 may determine the timing and/or frequency of the touch drive signal DST and then notifies thedrive circuitry 250 of the timing and/or frequency of the touch drive signal DST. Thedrive circuitry 250 may synchronize the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC or the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC or one or more display blank periods with thesense circuitry 220 for determining the timing and/or frequency for thedrive circuitry 250 to apply the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230. For the synchronization, thedrive circuitry 250 may simply provide the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to thesense circuitry 220 so that thesense circuitry 220 may know the timing of the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC, and the display blank periods. -
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing anelectronic device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Theelectronic device 200 includes adisplay module 240, atouch sensor 230 integrated into thedisplay module 240, and anintegrated controller 205. Thedisplay module 240 and thetouch sensor 230 constitute the touch display of theelectronic device 200. Theintegrated controller 205 is coupled to thedisplay module 240 and thetouch sensor 230. Theintegrated controller 205 may include thedrive circuitry 250 and thesense circuitry 220 shown inFig. 2 , or include thedrive circuitry 250, thesense circuitry 220 and theprocess unit 210 shown inFig. 10 . -
Fig. 11A is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This method may be executed by theintegrated controller 205. Instep 402, theintegrated controller 205 drives thedisplay module 240 to display an image, such as the graphical user interface (GUI) of theelectronic device 200. Theintegrated controller 205 drives thedisplay module 240 by providing the display drive signal DSD, the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC to thedisplay module 240. Each of the display drive signal DSD controls the greyscale of a pixel or a sub-pixel of thedisplay module 240. The vertical synchronization signal VSYNC indicates the beginning of each image frame. The horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC indicates the beginning of each scan line of an image frame. - In
step 404, theintegrated controller 205 determines a signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to be sent to thetouch sensor 230. Theintegrated controller 205 determines the signal frequency in order to avoid noises interfering with the sense signals SS. Theintegrated controller 205 may determine the signal frequency simply by trial and error. In other words, theintegrated controller 205 may try various signal frequencies of the touch drive signal DST until an ideal signal frequency that may reduce the level of the noises is found. - Alternatively, the
integrated controller 205 may detect fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises by analyzing the sense signals SS received in previous scans of thetouch sensor 230. How to detect the frequencies of the noises is well-known and is not discussed here. Theintegrated controller 205 may set the signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to avoid both the fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises for the best result. In other words, the signal frequency should be as far from the fundamental frequencies and harmonic frequencies of the noises as possible. - Alternatively, the
integrated controller 205 may determine the signal frequency according to the flow shown inFig. 11B . Instep 432, theintegrated controller 205 determines an image frequency by analyzing the greyscales of the image to be displayed by thedisplay module 240. Instep 434, theintegrated controller 205 determines the signal frequency such that the signal frequency avoids the image frequency. In other words, the signal frequency should be as far from the image frequency as possible. -
Fig. 11C is a schematic diagram showing pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.Fig. 11C also depicts some examples of the aforementioned image frequency. When thedisplay module 240 is monochrome, each monochrome pixel is the smallest display unit andFig. 11C shows thepixel process periods integrated controller 205 sends the display drive signal DSD to the pixels of thedisplay module 240. When thedisplay module 240 is multicolored, each sub-pixel is the smallest display unit andFig. 11C shows thepixel process periods integrated controller 205 sends the display drive signal DSD to the sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240. The display drive signal DSD output by theintegrated controller 205 specify the greyscales to be displayed by the pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240. Each multicolored pixel consists of multiple sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel of a pixel displays a different primary color. A pixel process period is a length of time in which theintegrated controller 205 sends display drive signal DSD to one or more pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 for displaying the image. - In the
pixel process period 442, theintegrated controller 205 sends a drive signal DSD to thedisplay module 240 for each of the nine pixels/sub-pixels 1-9. If the length of thepixel process period 442 is T, then the image frequency in thepixel process period 442 is 9/T. - When a pixel/sub-pixel of the
display module 240 displays the default greyscale of thedisplay module 240, theintegrated controller 205 does not have to send the drive signal DSD to this pixel/sub-pixel. For example, in thepixel process period 444, the pixels/sub-pixels 4-6 and 8 display the default greyscale. Therefore, theintegrated controller 205 outputs only five display drive signal DSD for the pixels/sub-pixels 1-3, 7 and 9. The image frequency in thepixel process period 444 is 5/T. In thepixel process period 446, the pixels/sub-pixels 2, 3, 5 and 8 display the default greyscale. Therefore, theintegrated controller 205 outputs only five display drive signal DSD for the pixels/sub-pixels 1, 4, 6, 7 and 9. The image frequency in thepixel process period 446 is also 5/T. - Next, in
step 406, theintegrated controller 205 determines the timing of each of the touch drive signal DST according to the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC and the signal frequency determined instep 404. Instep 408, theintegrated controller 205 scans thetouch sensor 230 by sending the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 according to the timing determined instep 406. By determining the signal frequency and the timing, theintegrated controller 205 determines the mode for applying the touch drive signal DST for thetouch sensor 230. - The
integrated controller 205 may know the beginning time and the end time of each display blank period and each pixel process period of thedisplay module 240 based on the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC and the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC. Theintegrated controller 205 may determine the timing such that theintegrated controller 205 sends the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 only in the display blank periods of thedisplay module 240 or the pixel process periods of pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240 that generate noises at a relatively lower level.Fig. 5 to Fig. 9 provides some detailed examples and discussions about the timing of the touch drive signal DST. - In
step 410, theintegrated controller 205 receives the sense signals SS generated by thetouch sensor 230 in response to the touch drive signal DST. Instep 412, theintegrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect one or more touch events. Theintegrated controller 205 may perform a function of theelectronic device 200 according to the one or more touch events. - The present disclosure is not limited to the example shown in
Fig. 11C . In other embodiments of the present disclosure, theintegrated controller 205 may determine the mode to apply the touch drive signal DST based on any image property of the image to be displayed by thedisplay module 240. The image property may be a histogram of the greyscales of the image or the signal frequency of the display drive signal DSD in the example ofFig. 11C . -
Fig. 11D is a flow chart showing a method for driving a touch sensor integrated into a display module of an electronic device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. This method may be executed by theintegrated controller 205. Step 452 is a previous scan of thetouch sensor 230 consisting of steps 402-410 inFig. 11A . Next, instep 454, theintegrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the level of the noises. Instep 456, theintegrated controller 205 checks whether the level of the noises is higher than a predetermined value or not. When the level of the noises is not higher than the predetermined value, theintegrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the touch event instep 466. When the level of the noises is higher than the predetermined value, theintegrated controller 205 changes the signal frequency of the touch drive signal DST to a new frequency instep 458. Theintegrated controller 205 determines the new frequency in order to avoid the noises. - The
integrated controller 205 may determine the new frequency of the touch drive signal DST according to the flow shown in Fig. 4E. Theintegrated controller 205 analyzes the sense signals SS to detect the frequency of the noises instep 472 and then instep 474 determines the new frequency such that the new frequency avoids the noise frequency. - Next, in
step 460, theintegrated controller 205 determines the new timing of each of the touch drive signal DST according to the vertical synchronization signal VSYNC, the horizontal synchronization signal HSYNC and the new frequency determined instep 458. Instep 462, theintegrated controller 205 scans thetouch sensor 230 by sending the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 according to the new timing. Instep 464, theintegrated controller 205 receives the sense signals SS generated by thetouch sensor 230 in response to the touch drive signal DST, and then the flow returns to step 454. - The
integrated controller 205 may execute the loop of steps 454-464 as a trial-and-error process. As long as the noise level is too high, theintegrated controller 205 may simply choose another frequency for the touch drive signal DST and repeat the loop until the detected level of noises drops to an acceptable level. - In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
sense circuitry 220, thedrive circuitry 250, and theprocess unit 210 may exchange data and control signals in order to cooperate in executing the steps inFig 2A ,Fig 2C ,Fig 3A ,Fig. 3B ,Fig. 4A andFig. 4B . Step 402 may be executed by thedrive circuitry 250. Step 404 may be executed by theprocess unit 210, thesense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250. Step 406 may be executed by thesense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250. Step 408 may be executed by thedrive circuitry 250.Steps sense circuitry 220. Step 432 may be executed by theprocess unit 210. Step 434 may be executed by theprocess unit 210, thesense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250. -
Steps sense circuitry 220. Each ofsteps sense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250. Step 462 may be executed by thedrive circuitry 250.Steps sense circuitry 220. Step 472 may be executed by thesense circuitry 220. Step 474 may be executed by thesense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250. - In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
sense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250 may decide when to scan thetouch sensor 230. When the time of the scanning is decided by thesense circuitry 220, thesense circuitry 220 may send at least one control signal to inform thedrive circuitry 250 to begin sending the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 and thesense circuitry 220 may wait to receive the sense signals SS. When the time of the scanning is decided by thedrive circuitry 250, thedrive circuitry 250 may begin sending the touch drive signal DST to thetouch sensor 230 and send at least one control signal to inform thesense circuitry 220 to receive the sense signals SS. Theprocess unit 210 is the main system of theelectronic device 200. Theprocess unit 210 may perform the function of theelectronic device 200 according to one or more touch events detected by thesense circuitry 220. - In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the
sense circuitry 220 may detect the relation of the levels of noises versus the displayed greyscales of the pixels or sub-pixels of thedisplay module 240. This relation may be stored in theprocess unit 210, thesense circuitry 220 or thedrive circuitry 250 for using themode 900 inFig. 9 . - In summary, the present disclosure may determine the mode for applying the drive signals for the touch sensor in order to avoid bursts of noises and get better results of touch sensor scanning.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the structure of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present disclosure cover modifications and variations of this disclosure provided they fall within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (17)
- An electronic device comprising:a display module;a touch sensor integrated into the display module; anda control circuitry coupled to the touch sensor and the display module and configured to drive the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at one of a first mode and a second mode and detect a sense signal from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the control circuitry is further configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor based on a determination.
- The electronic device of any of claims 1-2, wherein the display module comprises a plurality of pixels or sub-pixels, and the control circuitry is further configured to drive the pixels or sub-pixels by a display drive signal during a display period, which includes a plurality of pixel process periods, during which the pixels or sub-pixels are driven, and a plurality of blank periods, during which no pixel or sub-pixel is driven; and wherein the touch drive signal is applied to drive the touch sensor within the display period.
- The electronic device of any of claims 2-3, wherein when the control circuitry determines the first mode for driving the touch sensor, the touch drive signal is applied to the touch sensor according to a first predetermined timing within the display period; and when the control circuitry determines the second mode for driving the touch sensor, the touch drive signal is applied to the touch sensor according to a second predetermined timing within the display period; and wherein the first predetermined timing is different from the second predetermined timing; wherein according to the first predetermined timing, the touch drive signal is applied to drive the touch sensor within at least first one of the blank periods; and according to the second predetermined timing, the touch drive signal is applied to drive the touch sensor within at least second one of the blank periods; wherein the display module further comprises a plurality of scan lines connected to the plurality of pixels or sub-pixels, and the control circuitry is configured to apply the display drive signal to each one of the scan lines based on a horizontal synchronization signal, wherein the horizontal synchronization signal has a plurality of first voltage levels and a plurality of second voltage levels to form a plurality of pulses within the display period; and
wherein the first one of the blank periods is defined within the first voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal, and the second one of the blank periods is defined within the second voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal. - The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the second one of the blank periods is a period between two adjacent pixel process periods of driving two pixels or sub-pixels connected to the same scan line.
- The electronic device of any of claims 2-5, wherein when the control circuitry determines the first mode for driving the touch sensor, the touch drive signal is applied to the touch sensor at a first frequency within the display period; and when the control circuitry determines the second mode for driving the touch sensor, the touch drive signal is applied to the touch sensor at a second frequency within the display period; and wherein the first frequency is different from the second frequency.
- The electronic device of any of claim 2-6, wherein the determination is to determine whether the sense signal has a noise level greater than a predetermined level; wherein when it is determined that the sense signal has the noise level greater than the predetermined level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode; and wherein when it is determined that the sense signal does not have the noise level greater than the predetermined level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode.
- The electronic device of any of claims 1-7, wherein the control circuitry further comprises:a sense circuitry coupled to the touch sensor and configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor, and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor; anda drive circuitry coupled to the sense circuitry, the display module and the touch sensor and configured to apply the display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor at the one determined mode; and wherein when the sense circuitry determines the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor, the sense circuitry instructs the drive circuitry to change to the one determined mode for driving the touch sensor from the other mode.
- The electronic device of any of claims 2-8, wherein the touch sensor further comprises a plurality of sensing elements and the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at one of the first mode and the second mode, wherein when the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at the first mode, the touch drive signal charges each of the sensing elements for a first charging period of time; and when the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at the second mode, the touch drive signal charges at least one of the sensing elements for a second charging period of time; and
wherein the determination is to determine whether a charge level, which is determined based on the detected sense signal, of at least one of the sensing elements is lower than a predetermined charge level; wherein when it is determined that the charge level is not lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the first mode; and wherein when it is determined that the charge level is lower than the predetermined charge level, the control circuitry drives the touch sensor at the second mode. - The electronic device of any of claims 1-9, wherein the touch sensor further comprises a plurality of sensing elements and the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at one of the first mode and the second mode, wherein when the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at the first mode, the touch drive signal charges each of the sensing elements by a first charging voltage; and when the control circuitry applies the touch drive signal to charge the sensing elements at the second mode, the touch drive signal charges at least one of the sensing elements for a second charging period of time by a second charging voltage.
- The electronic device of any of claims 1-10, wherein the display module further comprises a plurality of scan lines connected to the plurality of pixels or sub-pixels, and the control circuitry is configured to apply the display drive signal to each one of the scan lines based on a horizontal synchronization signal; and wherein when the control circuitry determines the one mode for driving the touch sensor, at least one of the blank periods is prolonged and the sense circuitry instructs the drive circuitry to apply the touch drive signal within the prolonged blank period for driving the touch sensor.
- The electronic device of any of claim 2-8, wherein the control circuitry further comprises:a sense circuitry coupled to the touch sensor and configured to detect the sense signal from the touch sensor;a process unit coupled to the sense circuitry and configured to determine the one of the first mode and the second mode for driving the touch sensor; and,a drive circuitry coupled to the sense circuitry and the process unit, the display module and the touch sensor and configured to apply the display drive signal for driving the display module and apply the touch drive signal for driving the touch sensor at the one determined mode; andwherein the determination is for the process unit to determine whether an image to be displayed on the display module results in a noise level greater than a predetermined level for the touch sensor; wherein when the process unit determines that the image to be displayed on the display module results in the noise level greater than the predetermined level, the process unit determines the first mode for the drive circuitry to drive the touch sensor; and wherein when the process unit determines that the image to be displayed on the display module does not result in the noise level greater than the predetermined level, the process unit determines the second mode for the drive circuitry to drive the touch sensor.
- A method for driving a touch sensor, which is integrated into a display module in an electronic device, comprising:determining one of a first mode and a second mode for driving the touch sensor;driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at the one determined mode; anddetecting a sense signal from the touch sensor when the touch sensor is driven by the touch drive signal.
- The method of claim 13, wherein the step of driving the touch sensor by the touch drive signal at the one determined mode further comprises:applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor within a display period, wherein the display period includes a plurality of pixel process periods, during which a plurality of pixels or sub-pixels in the display module are driven, and a plurality of blank periods, during which no pixel or sub-pixel is not driven;applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a first predetermined timing within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; andapplying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to a second predetermined timing within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor;wherein the first predetermined timing is different from the second predetermined timing.
- The method of any of claims 13-14, wherein the step of applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to the first predetermined timing within the display period further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor within at least first one of the blank periods; and wherein the step of applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor according to the second predetermined timing within the display period further comprises: applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor within at least second one of the blank periods;
driving the display module by a display drive signal based on a horizontal synchronization signal, which has a plurality of first voltage levels and a plurality of second voltage levels to form a plurality of pulses within the display period;
wherein the first one of the blank periods is defined within the first voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal, and the second one of the blank periods is defined within the second voltage level of the horizontal synchronization signal. - The method of any of claims 13-15, further comprising:applying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a first frequency within the display period when the first mode is determined for driving the touch sensor; andapplying the touch drive signal to the touch sensor at a second frequency within the display period when the second mode is determined for driving the touch sensor;wherein the first frequency is different from the second frequency.
- The method of any of claims 13-16, wherein the step of determining one of a first mode and a second mode for driving the touch sensor further comprises:determining whether the sense signal has a noise level greater than a predetermined level; andwherein the step of driving the touch sensor by a touch drive signal at the one determined mode further comprises:driving the touch sensor at the first mode when it is determined that the sense signal has the noise level greater than the predetermined level; anddriving the touch sensor at the second mode when it is determined that the sense signal does not have the noise level greater than the predetermined level.
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US201161535377P | 2011-09-16 | 2011-09-16 | |
US13/615,562 US20130069894A1 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2012-09-13 | Electronic device and method for driving a touch sensor thereof |
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JP2013065301A (en) | 2013-04-11 |
EP2570896B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
JP5656944B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
KR101451735B1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
KR20130030233A (en) | 2013-03-26 |
US20130069894A1 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
TW201314530A (en) | 2013-04-01 |
TWI553514B (en) | 2016-10-11 |
CN103049125A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
CN103049125B (en) | 2016-12-21 |
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