EP2567155A2 - Système combiné d'éco-construction de bâtiments - Google Patents

Système combiné d'éco-construction de bâtiments

Info

Publication number
EP2567155A2
EP2567155A2 EP11716444A EP11716444A EP2567155A2 EP 2567155 A2 EP2567155 A2 EP 2567155A2 EP 11716444 A EP11716444 A EP 11716444A EP 11716444 A EP11716444 A EP 11716444A EP 2567155 A2 EP2567155 A2 EP 2567155A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
term
heating
short
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11716444A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel KALÚS
Peter Páles
L'ubica PELACHOVÁ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nlb 1 Sro
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SK5014-2010A external-priority patent/SK50142010A3/sk
Priority claimed from SK5027-2010U external-priority patent/SK5749Y1/sk
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2567155A2 publication Critical patent/EP2567155A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1075—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1084—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heating systems
    • F24D19/109—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heating systems system using solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D5/00—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems
    • F24D5/005—Hot-air central heating systems; Exhaust gas central heating systems combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/11—Geothermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F5/0021—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using phase change material [PCM] for storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

Definitions

  • the invention deals with the combined constructional-energetic system of low-energetic and energetically passive buildings with an active thermal protection of the wrapping constructions and with the use of solar, environmental, waste and geothermal energy .
  • the invention also deals with the particular device which ensures the operation of the combined constructional-energetic system of low-energetic buildings.
  • the invention falls within the area of building industry and energetics.
  • the radiant flow of heat from the heated wall is used. This kind of heat is very comfortable and can be compared to warmth of sunrays, which warm us even during the winter months when the air temperature around us is very low. It is also very often combined with the floor or ceiling heating. Moreover, unlike inertial floor heating, wall heating is very flexible. Wall cooling brings new dimension of comfort during the hot summer days. It is very often combined with the floor or ceiling cooling.
  • a dry type of construction wall cooling represents a quick solution for the prefabricated buildings, dry type of construction walls, attics etc.
  • the system usually consists of plasterboards with embedded pipes.
  • the hybrid energetic wall system using only one pipe system for heating during the heating season and for cooling during the cooling season is known as well.
  • Thermal-activated wall systems are also known. These are suitable for energetically passive houses where walls from concrete, ceramic or porous concrete shaped bricks are used. These systems use heat-activated material from the concrete constructions. It is a hybrid system which serves for heating during the heating season and for cooling during the summer. Pipe systems are either directly sealed into the concrete wall or placed in the parging if the wall is made from the concrete shaped bricks. This energetic system is characteristical for very low differences between the temperature on the surface of the wall and the temperature of the air in the interior. The exchange of heat or cold is achieved mainly by radiation; only small amounts of heat (cold) is spread by convection. Standard generators are used as the sou rces of heat or cold.
  • Wall energetic systems with an active thermal protection with one thermal barrier are known as well. It is a wall energetic system Isomax from Luxembourg, which similarly as thermal-activated wall systems uses heat-activated material. Unlike thermal-activated wall systems, it does not use only concrete core wall, but accumulated core wall from whatever material with high heat-accumulating properties can be used as well. This system uses heat gained from the sun radiation during its operation. This heat is stored in a heat accumulator and is used for active decreasing of thermal losses through the wrapping construction. Water from the soil pipe register is used for cooling during the summer. This system is applied exclusively to the external constructions. The pipe system is situated in the parging, which is constructed on the external surface of the walling. After it is already mature, a contact heating system is applied to the top. During the heating season, water comes into the pipe from the soil thermal reservoir; middle temperature of heating water ranging between 15 and 20 °C.
  • the system described in the Patent Specification SK 284 751 represents a perspective idea for building low-cost energy saving buildings that use renewable resources of energy.
  • the following defects result from the process of operation which is not properly solved.
  • the only source of heat is solar and geothermal energy. Solar energy is absorbed through the solar roof. This source causes unstable and non-sufficient absorption of solar radiation and can be used only during the summer and a partially trans itional period only under the condition that the heat transfer material is sufficiently heated, i.e. the temperature is higher than the temperature in the long - term soil thermal reservoir. Geothermal energy is retained in the soil storage into the extent which is neglectable for the needs of heating.
  • System Isomax retains these energies only for the direct use without the increase of energetic efficiency, for example by the means of heat pumps or solar collectors. With regard to a large number of unstable physical parameters which influence solar radiation abstraction, it is hard to state exactly the amount of energy. Retained energy is used only for charging-up of the long-term storage. The source is hard to be regulated and it is not able to cover abrupt requirements for the increase of power supply and it cannot cover the annual need of energy for heating and preparing of water as well. The design of the sources, as in the system Isomax, is done only empirically - i.e. by estimation. It is clear from the past realizations that the additional heat source is necessary.
  • Heat passing is done only to the thermal barrier and serves for a reduction of heat loss only.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer material is limited by the temperature in the soil thermal reservoi r or in the cooling circuit. It varies according to the actual temperature in the soil thermal reservoir and it cannot react to the abrupt changes of the weather or to the need of a change of the internal climate by higher or lower temperature than that wh ich is to the disposition in the soil thermal reservoir.
  • the thermal barrier with the heat transfer material which has a constant temperature throughout the whole year, the passage of heat through the building construction and its thermal resistance change. It is clear from the past realizations that such constructed thermal barrier cannot cover annual heat losses of the building.
  • the only source of cold is the soil cold reservoir situated above the frost depth.
  • the temperature of the cooling material depends on the changing soil temperature; it is limited and cannot react to abrupt weather changes and to other needs by a cooler material that that which is available in the soil reservoirs.
  • the system deals with water pre-heating only, maximum temperature being 35 °C.
  • the temperature of the venting air changes and depends on the temperature in the soil thermal reservoir and the soil cooling circuit and it is not possible to adjust it to the different temperatures that those in the soil reservoirs.
  • the above mentioned defects are removed by combined constructional-energetic system for buildings and device according to this invention.
  • the basis of combined constructional-energetic system for buildings based on the exchange/change of energy according to the invention consist in the following.
  • the complex creation of the internal environment of a building with regard to seasonal or abrupt requirements is realized by whatever combination of controlled heat absorption, heat production, cold production, heat accumulation, cooling, ventilation, heating, water pre-heating, use of water from warm waste water, use of waste heat from production and technological processes by the means of a controlled system of the building.
  • This controlled system of the building actively modifies the temperature of the heat transfer material by the means of a top cool source and by the means of a short-term thermal reservoir and a short-term cold reservoir as it is further listed for particular modes.
  • Heat accumulation from the solar absorbers is realized in two phases.
  • heat accumulates into at least one short- term thermal reservoir on the basis of fluid, solid substance or the substance with the ability to change its state.
  • heat accumulates into at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the basis of fluid, solid substance or the substance with the ability to change its state.
  • Full thermal capacity of a short-term thermal reservoir is a criterion for the distinction between the two phases of the heat accumulation.
  • Active thermal protection embedded in the wrapping constructions of a building is realized either by heat or by cold which is distributed into the thermal wall barrier in at least one of the three phases.
  • the heat distribution is realized directly from the solar absorbers.
  • the heat or cold distribution is realized from at least one long-term thermal or cold reservoir.
  • the heat distribution is realized from at least one short-term thermal reservoir.
  • the heat or cold distribution into the thermal barrier can be realized by mixing in the mixing and regulating device.
  • Floor, wall or ceiling heating is realized by heat which is distributed into a low-temperature heating system from at least one short-term thermal reservoir, or from at least one long-term thermal reservoir, or by mixing of the heat transfer material from both heat reservoirs.
  • Hot-air ventilation or heating is realized by accepting and/or passing of the recuperative cold in the recuperative air-technical unit which is situated in the building with air pre-heating or cooling in the heat exchangers situated above the frost level. Afterheating and aftercooling of venting air is done by the means of a heater or a cooler which is either situated near the recuperative air-technical unit or integrated directly into it.
  • the natural temperature of the soil above the frost level and/or the low temperature of fluid from the hydrotropic cold reservoir on the basis of fluid or solid material or the material capable of the change of its state or the solid material cooled by the top cold source is used for the distribution of cold for wall cooling and/or ceiling cooling and/or active thermal protection and/or controlled forced ventilation.
  • Warm water heating is realized in two phases.
  • water preheating is realized either in the long-term thermal reservoir on the basis of fluid, solid material or the material capable of the change of its state and/or in the heat exchanger which serves for either cooling of the active thermal protection and/or in the coil cold of the recuperative air- technical unit.
  • water afterheatin is realized in the short-term thermal reservoir.
  • Heat from the top heat source and/or from recuperation and/or waste heat is also accumulated in the short-term thermal reservoir.
  • Energetic equipment of the building for whatever combination of controlled regime of heat absorption, energy production, energy transformation, heat accumulation, active thermal protection, heating, cooling, airing, water heating, water preheating is realized by equipments for measuring and regulation of constructional-energetic system of buildings.
  • These are composed of at least one group of regulating and mixing devices and a programming regulator control and are characteristic for its components for the next modifications. It is possible to combine these modifications in accordance with immediate
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET ( fiM. c e C ) requirements of the operation, i.e. to connect and disconnect particular components of the whole device.
  • the thermal accumulator In modification of the thermal accumulator, it consists of a two- zone accumulating thermal branch. At least one solar absorber with at least one short-term thermal reservoir on the liquid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state, which is situated in above grade or underground compartment of the building, is connected in the first zone accumulating thermal branch. The short- term thermal reservoir is connected to the top heat source. At least one solar absorber with at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state, which is installed in the ground or in the central part of the building, is connected in the second zone accumulating thermal branch.
  • the active thermal protection In modification of the active thermal protection, it consists of a three-zone branch. At least one active thermal protection body is directly connected to at least one solar absorber in the first zone branch. At least one active thermal protection body is ether directly or indirectly through the mixing device connected to at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state in the second zone. At least one active thermal protection unit is indirectly connected to at least one short-term thermal reservoir on the liquid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state, which is installed in above grade or underground compartment of the building through the mixing and regulating device, in the third zone. The short-term thermal reservoir is connected to the top thermal source.
  • the low-temperature heating system In modification of the low-temperature heating system, it consists of a two-zone branch. At least one low-temperature heating body is indirectly connected through the regulating and mixing device to at least one log-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state in the first zone branch. At least one low-temperature heating device is indirectly connected through the regulating and mixing device to at least one short-term thermal reservoir either on the liquid basis or on the basis of e>[ looTiTi i-re ouccr I n t— J C J a material capable of the change of its state, which is the top thermal source, in the second zone branch.
  • a hot-air heating system In modification of a hot-air heating system, it consists of a three- zone branch.
  • a recuperative air-technical unit which is situated in a building with at least one hot-air heating unit, connected through the regulating and mixing device to at least one solar absorber in the first zone branch.
  • a recuperative air-technical unit which is situated in a building with at least one hot-air heating body, connected through the regulating and mixing device to at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state, in the second zone branch.
  • a recuperative air-technical unit which is situated in a building with at least one hot-air heating body, connected through the regulating and mixing device to at least one short-term thermal reservoir, which is the top thermal source, in the third zone branch.
  • At least one pipe circuit with agitate liquid situated above frost level which serves as the long-term cold reservoir. It is connected directly or indirectly through the regulating and mixing device to at least one active thermal protection unit which is installed in the wrapping construction of the building and/or to recuperative air-technical unit situated in the building.
  • At least one cold source such as the long -term cold reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state and/or the top cold source with a short-term cold reservoir on the basis of fluid or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state, is connected to the regulating and mixing device.
  • the regulating and fixing device of the warm water is connected to the long-term thermal reservoir, the heat exchanger from the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and a cooler of the recuperative air-technical unit.
  • the regulating and fixing device of the warm water is connected to the long-term thermal reservoir, the heat exchanger from the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and a cooler of the recuperative air-technical unit.
  • the regulating and fixing device of the warm water is connected to the long-term thermal reservoir, the heat exchanger from the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and a cooler of the recuperative air-technical unit.
  • the regulating and fixing device of the warm water is connected to the long-term thermal reservoir, the heat exchanger from the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and a cooler of the recuperative air-technical unit.
  • the regulating and fixing device of the warm water is connected to the long-term thermal reservoir, the heat exchanger from the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and a cooler of the recuperative air-technical unit.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET ⁇ nu t e j and mixing device of the warm water is connected to the short-term thermal reservoir, which is connected to the top thermal source.
  • At least one unit of the canalization system situated in the long-term thermal reservoir in the modification of the device which serves for re-gaining of heat from the waste heat.
  • Heat from the heat exchanger for waste heat gained from technological processes, heat from cooling devices, production links, kitchens, laundries, drying plants etc. is supplied to the short-term thermal reservoir.
  • the top thermal source is connected to the short-term thermal reservoir.
  • At least one device which is designated for the change of renewable energy resources into electrical energy, and which is connected to the accumulator of the electrical energy, is situated in the building for the purposes of the change of energy. It is possible to distribute electrical energy into all the above mentioned devices, if needed, from there.
  • the controlling system of the building is a software-controlled regulator which is connected to all the above mentioned devices of different modifications and controls and optimizes their processes.
  • the source of heat is composed of at least two devices, i.e. basic and additional, here in the combined constructional-energetic system of buildings.
  • the basic device is a year-long usable solar collector with much higher efficiency than the solar roof.
  • the additional device is the top thermal source, such as gas boiler, heat pumping device, wood boiler, electro-boiler etc.
  • At least two devices are needed for the heat accumulation .
  • Those are the main thermal reservoir as the short-term thermal reservoir and the additional thermal reservoir as the long-term thermal reservoir.
  • the main thermal reservoir serves for immediate energy import and the additional thermal reservoir serves for the storing of overpower.
  • Energy stored in the short-term reservoir immediately covers energy needed for heating, preparation of hot water.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer material can be increased or decreased, in accordance with the momentaneous needs, on the same or different temperature as in the both reservoirs.
  • Heat passing is realized by multifunctional wrapping constructions of buildings with the functions of active thermal protection, heating and cooling.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer material can be whenever modified on the temperature which is different from the temperature in the long-term thermal reservoir and in the cooling circuit.
  • the device works with the constant temperature of the heat transfer material and thus secures a stable thermal resistance of the construction.
  • Energy of the heat transfer material can be supplied to the active thermal protection either from solar collectors, long-term reservoir, short-term reservoir or by mixing of these thermal sources.
  • the cold source besides the cooling circuit in the la nd, can be supplemented by an external short-term cold reservoir. This solution ensures enough cooling material with lower temperature than the temperature in the cooling circuit in the land and ensures an immediate reaction to the cold supply need.
  • Water pre-heating can be realized by the long-term reservoir and through the cooler of the recuperation of air-technical unit and heat exchanger serving for cooling by the means of active thermal protection in building constructions. Stable water heating is rea lized by the short- term thermal reservoir.
  • the required temperature of the venting air is modified in the heater, in other words in the heater of the internal air-technical unit. Heat passing is realized by recuperation and by mixing with the circulating air as well.
  • the system can be extended by the transformation of solar energy into electrical energy.
  • the process of operation of the combined constructional-energetic system of buildings by the means of the invention is displayed in the drawings.
  • Heat accumulation from solar absorbers is realized in two phases- zones as displayed on fig. 2.
  • heat is accumulated into at least one short-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state.
  • heat is accumulated into at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state.
  • CM incTiTi ITP SHEET ( auLe If ) reservoir is a criterion for the distinction between the two phases of the heat accumulation.
  • Active thermal protection which is installed in the wrapping constructions of the building, is realized by heat which is distributed into thermal wall barrier in at least one of three phases-zones, as can be seen on fig. 3.
  • the heat distribution is realized directly from the solar absorbers.
  • the heat distribution is realized from at least one long-term thermal reservoir.
  • the heat distribution is realized from at least one short- term thermal reservoir.
  • Floor, ceiling or wall heating is realized by heat which is distributed into the low-temperature heating system from at least one short-term thermal reservoir, or long-term thermal reservoir or by mixing of the thermal transfer material from both storages, as can be seen on fig. 4.
  • Hot-air heating or venting is realized by receiving and/or passing of recuperative heat in the recuperative air-technical unit, which is situated in the building with air pre-heating or pre-cooling in the heat exchangers. These are situated in the soil above frost level, as can be seen on fig. 5 and 6.
  • Heating of warm water is realized in two phases, as displayed on fig. 7.
  • water pre-heating is realized in the long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state.
  • water afterheating is realized in the short-term thermal reservoir. Heat from the top heat source and/or from the recuperation is accumulated into the short-term thermal reservoir as well.
  • Heat accumulation from solar absorbers is realized in two phases-zones as displayed on fig. 2.
  • heat is accumulated into at least one short-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the ch ange of its state.
  • heat is accumulated into at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state.
  • Full thermal capacity of the short-term thermal reservoir is a criterion for the distinction between the two phases of the heat accumulation.
  • Active thermal protection which is installed in the wrapping constructions of the building, is realized by cold which is distributed into the active thermal protection-thermal wall barrier. Cold distribution is realized from at least one long-term cold reservoir.
  • Venting is realized by receiving and/or passing of recuperative cold in the recuperative air-technical unit, which is situated in the building with air-cooling in the heat exchangers. These are situated in the soil above frost level.
  • the natural temperature of the soil above the frost level and/or low temperature of the fluid from the short-term cold reservoir on the liquid/solid basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state is used. It is cooled by the top cold source, as can be seen on fig. 6.
  • Heating of warm water is realized in two phases, as displayed on fig. 7.
  • water pre-heating is realized in the long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid/sol id basis or on the basis of a material capable of the change of its state and/or in the h eat exchanger of the cooling circuit of the active thermal protection and/or in the cooler of recuperative air-tech nical unit.
  • water afterheating is realized in the short-term therma l reservoir. Heat from the top heat source and/or from the recuperation is accum ulated into the short-term thermal reservoir as well.
  • the energetic equipment of the building wh ich is actively usable in the winter season for whatever combination of the controlled regime of absorption , accum ulation , heat production, energy exchange, active thermal protection , heating, venting or water heating and pre-heating is described in th is case of specific realization of the invention.
  • This is realized by the u n its or devices Y7_ for measuring and regulation of the constructional-energetic system of buildings which consist from at least one group of the regulating and m ixing devices and the programm ing controlling regulator. It is characteristic for its components used for the next modifications, wh ile it is possible to combine these modifications according to the immediate requirements of the process, i.e. it is possible to connect and disconnect particular components of the whole device, as can be seen on fig. 12.
  • the thermal accum ulator In modification of the thermal accum ulator, it consists of a two- zone accum ulating thermal branch. At least one sola r absorber 1 with at least one short-term thermal reservoir 2 on the liqu id basis, alternatively on the basis of materials with the ability to change their states, which is installed in the overground , alternatively basement compartments of the building are connected in the first zone of the accumulating thermal branch. Al least one solar absorber 1 with the long-term thermal reservoir_3 on the liquid basis, alternatively solid basis or on the basis of the material able to change its state installed in the soil or alternatively in the central part of the building are connected in the second zone of the accumulating thermal branch .
  • At least one unit of the wall thermal barrier 4 is directly connected with at least one solar absorber 1 in the first zone of the branch.
  • At least one unit of the wall thermal barrier-wall thermal protection 4 is directly connected with at least one long-term thermal reservoir on the liquid basis, alternatively on the basis of a solid material or material with the ability to change its state, or it is connected indirectly through the mixing device 5.1 in the second zone branch.
  • At least one thermal wall barrier unit 4 is connected to at least one short-term thermal reservoir_2 on the fluid basis, alternatively on the basis of the material able to change its state, which is instal led in overground or alternatively in the underground compartments of the building through regulating and mixing device 5.1 . in the third zone branch.
  • a hot-air heating system In modification of a hot-air heating system, it consists of a three- zone branch.
  • a recuperative air-technical unit 7 which is situated in a building with at least one hot-air heating body, connected through the regulating and mixing device 5.1 to at least one solar absorber ⁇ _ in the first zone branch.
  • a recuperative air-technical unit which is situated in a building with at least one hot-air heating body, connected through the regulating and mixing device 5.1 to at least one short-term thermal reservoir 2, which is the top thermal source, in the third zone branch.
  • venting system there is at least one pipe circuit with a passing fluid which is situated above frost level - long- term cold reservoir 8, which is connected either directly or indirectly through the mixing and regulating device 5.1 to at least one thermal wall barrier unit 4 which is installed in the wrapping constructions of the building and/or to the recuperative air-technical unit_7 which is situated in the building.
  • phase - pre-heating it is realized in the long-term thermal reservoir 3.
  • phase - afterheating it is realized in the short-term thermal reservoir 2, which is connected to the top thermal source 1 7.
  • At least one unit 12. of the canalization system situated in the long-term thermal reservoir in the modification of the device which serves for re-gaining of heat from the waste heat.
  • Heat from the heat exchanger 13_ for waste heat gained from technological processes, heat from cooling devices, production links, kitchens, laun dries, drying plants etc. is supplied to the short-term thermal reservoir 2.
  • the energetic equipment of the building which is actively usable in the summer season for whatever combination of the controlled regime of absorption, accumulation, heat production, energy exchange, active thermal protection, heating, venting or water heating and preheating is described in this case of specific realization of the invention.
  • This is realized by the units or devices for measuring and regulation of the constructional-energetic system of buildings which consist from at least one group of the regulating and mixing devices and the programming controlling regulator. It is characteristic for its components used for the next modifications, while it is possible to combine these modifications according to the immediate requirements of the process, i.e. it is possible to connect and disconnect particular components of the whole device.
  • the thermal accumulator In modification of the thermal accumulator, it consists of two-zone accumulating branch.
  • the first zone of accumulating branch there is at least one solar absorber 1_ connected to at least one short-term thermal reservoir on the fluid basis, alternatively on the basis of the material able to change its state, which is installed in overground or alternatively in the underground compartments of the building.
  • the second zone of accumulating thermal branch there is at least one solar absorber 1_ connected to at least one long-term reservoir on the liquid basis, alternatively solid basis or on the basis of the material able to change its state installed in the soil or alternatively in the central part of the building.
  • cooling and / or the ventilation system and / or active thermal protection is at least one tubular circuit with flowing liquid placed in a continuously variable depth of earth - long cold reservoir 8 connected directly or indirectly through the mixing device 5.1 with at least one body 4 of the active thermal protection - thermal barrier wall built in container building structures and / or regeneration air handling unit located in building 7.
  • On mixing device 5.1 is connected at least one of the sources of cold such as long-term cold storage 8 on the basis of liquid or solid substance to a change in condition and / or top source 9 with a short-term cold storage 10 based on liquid cooling, alternative substances with a change in condition .
  • pre-heating and water heating taken place in two phases.
  • mixing and hot water control device 5.2 is linked with short- term heat storage, which is connected to the top heat source.
  • Heat from heat exchanger 13 to capture waste heat from technological processes such as heat from the refrigeration equipment, of production lines, from kitchens, laundries, drying rooms and the like, is transferred to the short-term storage of heat and 2 after filling its capacity to long- term reservoir 3 of heat.
  • the device is sufficiently described in Examples 1 to 4.
  • the combined construction and energy system of buildings can be completed with the device 14 to convert renewable energy for electricity placed on the building and connected to the battery accumulator 16 to cover the electricity consumption of electricity for all appliances in the building .
  • Fig. 10 shows in saving modification the energy-efficient building equipment, where is the solar absorber 1 solar roof without solar collectors and only with one top sources of heat 17 - electric heater.
  • a short-term heat reservoir 2 based on heat liquids or substances with a change in condition is possible to join other top sources heat 1 7 such as fossil fuel boiler and heat pump as shown in Fig. 9 and 1 1 only or heat pump as shown in Fig. 12.
  • heat 1 7 such as fossil fuel boiler and heat pump as shown in Fig. 9 and 1 1 only or heat pump as shown in Fig. 12.
  • solar absorber 1 as a solar collector and / or solar roof.
  • Method of operating a combined construction and building energy system based on exchange and / or energy conversion and device according to of the invention founds utilization in the building industry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à la création complexe de l'environnement interne de bâtiments en rapport avec des exigences immédiates ou saisonnières. Cette création, qui doit être réalisée par une accumulation dirigée de la chaleur produite par des absorbeurs solaires (1), se déroule en deux phases. Au cours de la première phase, la chaleur s'accumule dans au moins un dispositif de stockage de chaleur à court terme (2) sur la base d'une substance liquide, solide, ou d'un changement de condition. Au cours de la seconde phase, la chaleur s'accumule dans au moins un dispositif de stockage de chaleur à long terme (3) sur la base d'un changement de l'état liquide ou solide. Selon l'invention, le critère pour la résolution de phase de l'accumulation de chaleur est le rendement de chaleur global du dispositif de stockage de chaleur à court terme (2), qui est obtenu en l'absence d'énergie solaire par une source supérieure (17) de chaleur. Par une protection thermique active intégrée aux structures de bâtiments qui est fournie par de la chaleur ou du froid distribué à une paroi formant barrière thermique (4) et au moins par l'une des trois phases, au cours de la première phase, la distribution de chaleur est accomplie directement depuis les absorbeurs solaires (1); le chauffage, qui est fourni par la chaleur distribuée à un module de chauffage basse température (6) et depuis au moins un réservoir de chaleur à court terme (2) ou d'au moins un réservoir de chaleur à long terme ou par mélange de substances depuis les deux réservoirs de chaleur. L'invention permet le chauffage ou la ventilation d'air chaud, la réception ou la fourniture de chaleur ou de froid dans un module de ventilation et de récupération de chaleur (7), placé dans un bâtiment avec préchauffage ou refroidissement de l'air dans des échangeurs de chaleur placés à l'intérieur.
EP11716444A 2010-05-07 2011-02-25 Système combiné d'éco-construction de bâtiments Withdrawn EP2567155A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SK5014-2010A SK50142010A3 (sk) 2010-05-07 2010-05-07 Spôsob prevádzky kombinovaného stavebno-energetického systému budov a zariadenie
SK5027-2010U SK5749Y1 (sk) 2010-05-07 2010-05-07 Spôsob prevádzky kombinovaného stavebno-energetického systému budov a zariadenie
PCT/SK2011/000002 WO2011139241A2 (fr) 2010-05-07 2011-02-25 Système combiné d'éco-construction de bâtiments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2567155A2 true EP2567155A2 (fr) 2013-03-13

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EP11716444A Withdrawn EP2567155A2 (fr) 2010-05-07 2011-02-25 Système combiné d'éco-construction de bâtiments

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EP (1) EP2567155A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011139241A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3409232A1 (de) * 1984-03-14 1985-10-10 Werner Dipl.-Ing. 2072 Jersbek Hellberg Waermeisoliertes gebaeude, insbesondere wohnhaus
DE3943405A1 (de) * 1989-12-30 1991-07-04 Friedrich Werner Anlage zur gebaeude- oder behaelterisolierung mittels sonnenenergie oder abwaerme
DE19533475B4 (de) * 1995-09-12 2006-04-13 Krecké, Edmond Dominique Energieanlage für Gebäude
DE102005013012A1 (de) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 ZAE Bayern Bayerisches Zentrum für angewandte Energieforschung e.V. Latentwärmespeicher für effiziente Kühl- und Heizsysteme
US20090293862A1 (en) * 2008-05-27 2009-12-03 Bailey Wayne E Solar thermal collector cabinet and system for heat storage
DE202008017601U1 (de) * 2008-11-15 2010-04-01 Meibes System-Technik Gmbh Bivalenter Wärmespeicher

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2011139241A2 *

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WO2011139241A2 (fr) 2011-11-10

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