EP2564383A1 - Circuit pixel pour dispositif d'affichage oled à matrice active - Google Patents

Circuit pixel pour dispositif d'affichage oled à matrice active

Info

Publication number
EP2564383A1
EP2564383A1 EP11738944A EP11738944A EP2564383A1 EP 2564383 A1 EP2564383 A1 EP 2564383A1 EP 11738944 A EP11738944 A EP 11738944A EP 11738944 A EP11738944 A EP 11738944A EP 2564383 A1 EP2564383 A1 EP 2564383A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
organic light
circuit
voltage
driver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11738944A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2564383B1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Kreye
Thomas Presberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP2564383A1 publication Critical patent/EP2564383A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2564383B1 publication Critical patent/EP2564383B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0814—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for selection purposes, e.g. logical AND for partial update
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0852—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor being a dynamic memory with more than one capacitor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0243—Details of the generation of driving signals
    • G09G2310/0251—Precharge or discharge of pixel before applying new pixel voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0262—The addressing of the pixel, in a display other than an active matrix LCD, involving the control of two or more scan electrodes or two or more data electrodes, e.g. pixel voltage dependent on signals of two data electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G09G2320/0633—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness by amplitude modulation of the brightness of the illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G09G2320/064—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness by time modulation of the brightness of the illumination source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/04—Display protection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
    • G09G3/2018—Display of intermediate tones by time modulation using two or more time intervals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for arranged in a two-dimensional matrix organic light-emitting diodes.
  • Microdisplays ie very small displays with screen diagonals of less than or equal to 20 mm, offer the possibility of displaying image and video information in a high-resolution and user-specific manner, ie for one or more users only. Areas of application of microdisplays are in the area of near-to-eye applications (applications with displays close to the Eye). These are, for example, video glasses that can be connected to mobile multimedia devices (smartphones or mobile audio and video players). These video glasses can be used for mobile TV, video presentation or presentation of Internet content. In addition, microdisplays in digital photo and / or video cameras can be used as a high-resolution electronic viewfinder.
  • microdisplay turns into a see through optic
  • Glasses mounted. Through these glasses the user sees the real environment and via the microdisplay additional information in form of pictures, texts, graphics etc. can be superimposed on this image of the real environment. This can, for example, in the maintenance of complicated systems and machines for Einblen-. be used for installation instructions or instructions. In aerospace engineering, pilots can display the display of various gauges. In medicine, the data of important devices can be additionally displayed for surgeons. In addition, versatile applications in the military field are conceivable.
  • Picoprojectors ie very small projectors that project picture and video content onto a flat surface and make it visible to multiple users.
  • Such projectors with microdisplays can also used in the measurement technique for the projection of defined patterns on a surface to be examined and the subsequent optical detection of the 3-D structure of this surface.
  • OLEDs should be able to address all these applications with a display.
  • the aim is to provide high-resolution image information with brightness that can be set over several orders of magnitude
  • the light-modulating displays include LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) and MOEMS-based microdisplays. These technologies require additional external illumination, which increases the complexity, size, and weight of the overall system, but at the same time only limited contrast (typically ⁇
  • OLED microdisplays are currently equipped with monochrome or broadband (white) emitters.
  • white emitters For colored OLED microdisplays, the display primary colors are often realized by a white emitter and the additional application of a color filter.
  • Each organic light emitting diode as pixel is controlled by its own integrated electronic circuit.
  • This pixel circuit is designed so that it is writable with the image information in the form of an electrical voltage or a current.
  • the image information is stored in the circuit associated with the organic light emitting diode and this circuit drives the OLED with an electric current or a voltage corresponding to the stored image information.
  • Gray value of the image information to be displayed is.
  • This analog electrical current is converted to an analog voltage and stored by means of a capacitor.
  • the stored electrical voltage is converted into an electrical current corresponding to the image information.
  • This current affects the respective organic light emitting diode.
  • the brightness is set by the size of the electric current flowing through the organic light emitting diode (analogue value). Gray values / gradations of the brightness are realized by a correspondingly lower electric current.
  • An electrical voltage can be stored in a capacitor.
  • the electrical voltage is converted in the respective organic light emitting diode associated circuit in an electric current.
  • This current affects the brightness with which electromagnetic radiation is emitted by the organic light emitting diode.
  • the brightness is set by the size of the electric current flowing through the organic light emitting diode (analogue value).
  • the gray scale representation is realized as under 1.).
  • Programming the circuit for an organic light emitting diode can be done with an analog electrical voltage and storage of the voltage ⁇ a capacitor can be achieved.
  • the organic light emitting diode can be operated with the stored electrical voltage or a voltage corresponding in size to this stored voltage.
  • the brightness is adjusted by the size of the voltage applied to the organic light emitting diode.
  • Gray values / gradations can be realized by a correspondingly lower electrical voltage.
  • the programming of the circuit of organic light emitting diodes can be done with digital electrical voltages and storage of these digital voltages / states on capacitors.
  • the number of capacitors corresponds to the bit width of the image information for one pixel (usually 5, 6 or 8 bits).
  • the LED is driven by a time-pulsed electric current of constant magnitude.
  • the number of pulses per image sequence corresponds to the bit width of the image information.
  • the length of the pulses depends on the significance of the bits.
  • the electric current is switched on or off by the organic light-emitting diode for the corresponding pulse duration.
  • the brightness of the emitted radiation can be adjusted by the magnitude of the electrical current flowing through the organic light emitting diode. Gray values / gradations are made by pulse width modulation of the electric current. The dynamic range of the electric current flowing through the organic light-emitting diode and the maximum voltage drop across the OLED are thereby
  • microdisplays with organic light-emitting diodes for all these concepts is limited to low ( ⁇ 200 Cd / m 2 ) to medium brightnesses (up to 5000 Cd / m 2 ), ie to the fields of application with the information representation for a single person and applications close to the Eye.
  • the field of application is limited by the maximum displayable brightness of such microdisplays. The brightness depends on the efficiency and voltage requirements of the organic light emitting diodes and the electric current and. Voltage driver capability of the circuit.
  • OLED microdisplays The field of application of currently available OLED microdisplays is limited to unidirectional, image rendering microdisplays. According to DE 10 2006 030 541 A1, use is also possible in bidirectional microdisplays, ie microdisplays with an image display functionality and an image recording function. onality or optical detection function feasible.
  • the object of the invention is a circuit arrangement for driving in a two-dimensional
  • each organic light emitting diode by means of a memory circuit, a sense amplifier and a driver circuit is individually controlled.
  • the driver circuit is at least three in
  • This reference voltage can be supplied directly from the entire circuit for the display with the organic light-emitting diodes or externally fed. It determines the maximum brightness of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the organic light emitting diodes and can be set differently for each of the primary colors of the emitted light of the display.
  • the drains of the two transistors forming the switch are connected to the source of the output transistor whose gate is connected to ground potential or supplied with a negative electrical voltage.
  • the output transistor for each organic light emitting diode is disposed in a separate, electrically isolated well of a substrate. The connection of the well and the source of the output transistor are connected to each other.
  • the transistor connected with its source to the transistor acting as a driver should be a PMOS transistor and the transistor whose gate is connected to the gate of the second series-connected transistor and common to the output of the readout amplifier should be N OS transistors be .
  • Circuit arrangement are formed as a CMOS circuit on a semiconducting substrate.
  • a further transistor between the transistor acting as a driver and the one transistor can also be arranged in series. This can be designed as a PMOS transistor.
  • the gate acting as a driver transistor, may be connected to ground potential, so that this transistor may also form a switch of the driver circuit.
  • the driver circuit operates as an electrical voltage source for the organic light emitting diode.
  • the circuit arrangement for each individual organic light-emitting diode can be produced in an integrated realization as a CMOS circuit on a very small area. It enables a high resolution of the display.
  • the maximum brightness of the image can be set over several orders of magnitude from ⁇ 100 Cd / m 2 to well over 10000 Cd / m 2 .
  • the circuit arrangement for the use of displays for project applications and for applications in very bright environment (outdoors in clear skies, aircraft cockpit, etc.) as well as very dark environment (night, closed by daylight rooms, etc.) is suitable.
  • the representation of gray levels or colors can be realized via pulse width modulation, so that the linearity of the input image signal to the displayed image is not affected when the maximum brightness is changed.
  • the image information can be stored digitally in each circuit arrangement assigned to an organic light-emitting diode.
  • the resolution per color and pixel depends on the realization and can typically be 6 or 8 bits, but also more.
  • the voltage driver capability is the maximum permissible electrical voltage difference across the emitting organic light source. diode between the electrical voltage across the organic light emitting diode in the maximum controlled state (highest brightness value) and the electrical voltage across the organic light emitting diode in the dark state (lowest brightness value).
  • FIG. 1 shows a principle cross section through a microdisplay with organic light emitting diodes
  • Figure 2 in schematic form, a block diagram of a control for two-dimensional arranged in a matrix organic light-emitting diodes
  • Figure 3 in schematic form a matrix arrangement of organic light-emitting diodes, the electromagnetic Emit radiation with different wavelengths, ie different red, green and blue colors;
  • FIG. 4 shows, in a schematic form, a matrix arrangement of organic light-emitting diodes which emit electromagnetic radiation having different wavelengths, that is to say different red, green, blue and white colors;
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of an example of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for each eight-bit storable image information in which are used for a storage capacitors in the memory circuit;
  • Figure 6 is a block diagram of an example of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for each eight bit storable image information, are used in the storage circuit for storing transistors;
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic arrangement for an activation and storage of image information of individual organic light-emitting diodes
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic arrangement for a further possibility for controlling and storing image information of individual organic light-emitting diodes
  • FIG. 9 shows time profiles of the electrical operating voltages of the driver circuit during a readout of the memory circuit
  • Figure 10 shows an example of the formation of a driver circuit
  • FIG. 11 shows another example of a driver circuit which can be used in the invention.
  • Microdisplays with organic light-emitting diodes 5 are preferably constructed such that they include light-emitting organic layers (OLED) on the top metal plane of a CMOS substrate, with an electric current flow. These can be individually locally, i. As so-called pixels, are activated by 5 electric current through the organic light emitting diode 5 via an electrode of the organic light emitting diode 5 flows locally. Below the electrode, active and passive ones may be present in a matrix-like pixel cell arrangement
  • FIG. 1 shows the principle cross-section through an OLED microdisplay.
  • the individual memories for organic light-emitting diodes 5, which are arranged in rows and columns, are described by a corresponding circuit, as shown in FIG.
  • the image input data is received by an electronic control unit. This routes the data to the column driver Next, which caches the image data for a picture line.
  • the line to be described is then selected via a row driver and described with the image data buffered in the column driver. According to this principle, all lines of the matrix arrangement are sequentially programmed with their corresponding image content. Subsequently, the description of the image data of the first line for the subsequent image is started.
  • the transmission of the image data from the controller to the column driver, the intermediate storage in the column driver and the programming of the matrix is usually realized with digital signals.
  • Each pixel cell may be subdivided into subpixel cells, each subpixel cell being responsible for storing and displaying a primary color of the display.
  • the arrangement of the primary colors can be realized as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. But there are also other realizations conceivable.
  • Each of these subpixel cells represents a single organic light emitting diode 5, which is separate
  • each circuit arrangement for the activation of each organic light-emitting diode (subpixel cell) 5 is composed of three circuit parts. These are a memory circuit (pixel memory) 10, a sense amplifier (20) and the actual driver circuit 30 for the individual organic light emitting diodes (5). consists of as many memory cells as the color depth (in bits) of the respective color requires. Usually these are 5, 6 or 8 memory cells or bit color depth.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows the memory circuit 10 for a single organic light-emitting diode 5 or a sub-pixel cell.
  • the individual memory cells of the memory circuit 10 each consist of a capacitor and two switches, which can be realized as transistors. For miniaturization, the capacitor can also be implemented as a transistor with short-circuited drain and source, as shown in FIG.
  • the data and programming lines have been combined so that for each individual organic light-emitting diode 5 two data lines
  • LEDs 5, each with eight bits of color depth which is shown in FIG.
  • the arrangement for a pixel cell with four organic light emitting diodes 5, each with six bit color depth, is shown in FIG.
  • the squares are the memories, the corresponding programming line (eg: WO) and the corresponding readout line (eg: E0) being indicated for the memory circuit 10.
  • the sense amplifier 20 is used, which according to FIG. 5 is present for each organic light-emitting diode 5.
  • the readout amplifier 20 in this example consists of two negative feedback
  • Inverters 21 and 22 which can be separated via two switch-forming transistors 23 and 24 from the electrical operating voltage supply (VSS and LVDD). Furthermore, the inputs and outputs of these inverters 21 and 22 are via two transistors 25 and 26 as
  • Switch activation with the signal Pre
  • Vpre pre-chargeable an electrical voltage Vpre pre-chargeable.
  • the readout of the image information can thereby graphically illustrated, as shown in Figure 9, in three Phasenerfol-. These are the pre-charge phase (precharge), the charge phase (load) and the Emittierphase (Emit).
  • the inverters 21 and 22 are disconnected from the operating voltage lines (LVDD and VSS). Thereafter, the nodes V Sense i n 27 and V Se nseout 28 are precharged to the electrical voltage V Pre .
  • the memory circuit 10 to be read is activated via the corresponding switch (Emit), whereby the electrical voltage at node V Sen 27 is either raised in the direction LVDD (with stored high value) or lowered in the direction VSS (at low value).
  • the readout tilts Amplifier 20 depending on the memory value in one of the two stable states, so that at the output V sen seout the negated signal from the previously read memory circuit 10 is applied and the stored value in the memory circuit 10 can be renewed simultaneously.
  • the output of readout amplifier 20 activates driver circuit 30 for organic light emitting diode 5 and electromagnetic radiation (light) is emitted.
  • Each bit memory is read out one after the other and the content displayed accordingly.
  • the duration of the Emittierphase is different lengths.
  • the actual image information is reconstructed by temporal integration of the emitted light in the eye of the beholder.
  • the memory circuit 10 and the readout amplifier 20 of an organic light-emitting diode 5 consist exclusively of low-voltage transistors (N OS and PMOS transistors) and require two operating voltage lines LVDD and VSS.
  • the third part of the entire organic light emitting diode circuit 5, the driver circuit 30, is shown in FIG. 10 in an exemplary embodiment.
  • the driver circuit 30 consists of two low-voltage PMOS transistors M Drive 1 and M Sw i 2, a low-voltage NMOS transistor M NSw i 3 and only one middle or
  • High-voltage PMOS transistor M MV 4 with a separate Tub connection requires only the operating voltage lines LVDD and VSS and a common supply for the cathode voltage V Ka method of the organic light emitting diodes 5 for the entire display.
  • the peculiarity of this driver circuit 30 is the fact that V a method may be more negative than VSS (ground).
  • FIG. 11 shows a second variant of a driver circuit 30 which can be used in accordance with the invention.
  • an additional switch M G ff is formed with a further transistor 7, which is designed as a low-voltage PMOS transistor, and for switching off the respective organic light-emitting diode 5 can be used.
  • the further transistor 7 is also in
  • the entire display can be deactivated without losing stored image information.
  • This deactivation function can be used, for example, if additional optical sensors (not shown) are integrated on the microdisplay chip and these are optically decoupled from the microdisplay (and the emitted light of the organic light-emitting diodes), as described in DE 10 2006 030 541 AI is described.
  • optical sensors may e.g. Be cameras.
  • V Dr i ve in connected to V. Sens e out of the readout amplifier 20 can be distinguished for two modes of operation of the entire circuit arrangement. If the electrical input voltage signal is switched to VSS (Low), the driver circuit 30 is activated. In this case, the transistor M NS "i 3 is high and the transistor Swi 2 is conducting and an electric current I OLED can pass from LVDD through the transistors M Dr ve 1, M SWI 2 and M M V 4 into the organic light emitting diode 5 flow. The size of the electric current depends on the electrical voltage
  • V Dr iv e can be set over several decades.
  • the linearity of the image representation is not affected, because the representation of color gradations / gray levels over the previously described
  • Pulse width modulation can be realized.
  • the driver circuit 30 When the input voltage signal is switched to LVDD (High), the driver circuit 30 is disabled. In this case, the transistor M Swi 2 has a high impedance and the transistor M NSw i 3 is electrically conductive.
  • the transistor M NSWI 3 switches the node V SMV to VSS and protects the actual current source transistor M DriV e 1 and the transistor M Sw i 2 from electrical overvoltages (in this case voltages less than VSS).
  • electrical overvoltages in this case voltages less than VSS.
  • V anode - V Kat hode The voltage difference over the organic light-emitting diode 5 (V anode - V Kat hode) is so small ner than the 5 electrical voltage applied to the organic light emitting diode in electric current river, because the electric voltage V An0 de voltage V Ka Thode approaches.
  • a special case for operation is when the electrical voltage V Dr ve is switched to VSS.
  • the transistor Dr i ve 1 operates as a switch and the driver circuit 30 operates as a voltage source for the organic
  • the driver circuit 30 can therefore be used both as an electrical current and as a voltage source.
  • the driver circuit 30 can drive a maximum electrical voltage difference across the organic light emitting diode 5, ranging from 0 volts in the off state to (LVDD - V Ka method) in the on state. In doing so, the electrical voltage may
  • Transistor M MV 4 be.
  • CMOS technology and the corresponding medium-voltage / high-voltage option
  • a voltage swing of 5 V up to 15 V at the organic light-emitting diode 5 can thus be realized from the switched-on state.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une circuiterie pour des diodes électroluminescentes organiques disposées dans une matrice bidimensionnelle. Elle peut être utilisée en particulier pour des micro-affichages. Le but de l'invention est de permettre d'influer dans une large mesure sur la luminosité du rayonnement électromagnétique émis par les diodes électroluminescentes organiques. Avec la circuiterie selon l'invention, chaque diode électroluminescente organique (5) peut être commandée par un circuit d'accumulation (10), un amplificateur de lecture (20) et un circuit pilote (30). Le circuit pilote est formé d'au moins trois transistors (1-3) montés en série et d'un autre transistor de sortie (4) dont le drain est raccordé à l'anode de la diode électroluminescente concernée. Le transistor (1) jouant le rôle de pilote est soumis à sa source à une tension de fonctionnement électrique LVDD constante et à sa grille à une tension de fonctionnement électrique VDrive également constante. Le drain du premier transistor (1) est raccordé à la source du transistor (2) monté en série après lui et les deux grilles des transistors (2, 3) montés successivement en série et formant un commutateur sont raccordées à la sortie de l'amplificateur de lecture et soumises à sa tension de sortie électrique VSenseOut. Les drains des deux transistors formant le commutateur sont raccordés à la source du transistor de sortie (4) dont la grille est raccordée au potentiel de masse ou est soumise à une tension électrique négative.
EP11738944.5A 2010-04-28 2011-04-27 Circuit de pixels pour un affichage à diodes électroluminescentes organiques à matrice active Active EP2564383B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010019667.3A DE102010019667B4 (de) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Schaltungsanordnung für in einer zweidimensionalen Matrix angeordnete organische Leuchtdioden
PCT/DE2011/000464 WO2011134461A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2011-04-27 Circuit pixel pour dispositif d'affichage oled à matrice active

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EP2564383B1 EP2564383B1 (fr) 2017-01-25

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EP (1) EP2564383B1 (fr)
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KR102173048B1 (ko) 2013-12-18 2020-11-03 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 간격 유지부를 가지는 디스플레이 장치
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CN105336762B (zh) * 2015-11-17 2019-01-11 深圳典邦科技有限公司 硅基cmos驱动的oled图像显示装置及制造方法
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CN111583857B (zh) * 2020-05-29 2021-04-30 厦门天马微电子有限公司 像素驱动电路及其驱动方法、显示面板
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CN102971783A (zh) 2013-03-13
DE102010019667B4 (de) 2014-02-20
WO2011134461A1 (fr) 2011-11-03
US9066379B2 (en) 2015-06-23
KR101681666B1 (ko) 2016-12-01
KR20130094687A (ko) 2013-08-26
US20130099700A1 (en) 2013-04-25
CN102971783B (zh) 2016-01-20
DE102010019667A1 (de) 2011-11-03
EP2564383B1 (fr) 2017-01-25

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