EP2561532A1

EP2561532A1 - Electrical switch

Info

Publication number: EP2561532A1
Application number: EP11717191A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Edgar Pohl; Klaus Fiederer; Alfons Steidle; Emiliano Villanova
Original assignee: Marquardt Verwaltungs GmbH
Current assignee: Marquardt Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date: 2010-04-21
Filing date: 2011-04-21
Publication date: 2013-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-21
Also published as: US8629363B2; DE102011017453A1; EP2561532B1; US20130043114A1; CN102884600B; CN102884600A; WO2011131361A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical switch (1), in particular for electrical tools, such as drills, hammer drills, impact hammers, hammer chisels, angle grinders, or the like, having a contact system (6) which comprises at least one stationary contact (7) and a switching contact (8), in particular in the form of a contact link. The switch (1) has an operating member (5) for switching action on the contact system (6), and a switching slide (10), which can be moved in a movement direction between two positions and is fitted with the switching contact (8), wherein, in one position, the switching contact (8) is separated from the stationary contact (7) and, in the other position, the switching contact (8) rests on the stationary contact (7). Furthermore, the switch (1) has an operating slide (12), which is coupled to the switching slide (10) by an elastic means (11) and can be moved by the operating member (5). Finally, the switch (1) comprises a latching means which interacts with the switching slide (10) such that the switching slide (10) can be switched between the two positions in the form of snap-action movement when the operating member (5) is operated. The operating slide (12) and the switching slide (10) are arranged one behind the other with respect to the movement direction.

Description

Electric switch

The invention relates to an electrical switch according to the preamble of

Patent claim 1.

Such switches are used for electrical appliances. In particular, these are power tools, for example, hand-held power tools, such as

Electric drills, rotary hammers, impact hammers, chisel hammers, electric screwdrivers, angle grinder o. The like., These switches are often installed in the handle of the power tool.

It has been found in known switches for power tools that the

Contact system can fail prematurely on heavily used power tools.

In particular, in such switches, the switching and / or fixed contact for the

Contact system are brought to failure when a high-frequency opening and / or closing of the switch contact, for example, due to insufficient contact force and / or vibration occurs. This negative effect, the so - called teasing (tormenting) of the

Contact system occurs in both low voltage and high voltage applications in the AC (AC) and DC (DC) range. Especially at higher voltages, for example at about 120 V, this negative effect is very pronounced due to the then flowing high currents. Furthermore, a teaser can occur when the power tool is operated under vibration, so for example in Schlagbohrbetrieb or in hammer operation.

CONFIRMATION COPY From DE 199 30 558 AI is an electrical switch with at least one

Fixed contact as well as a switch contact comprehensive contact system and with a

Actuator for switching action on the contact system known. The switch has a movable in a direction of movement between two positions, the switch contact bearing slide, wherein in one position, the switch contact is removed from the fixed contact and rests in the other position of the switch contact on the fixed contact. With the slide switch is by means of an elastic means of the

Actuator movable actuating slide coupled. Furthermore acts together with the slide switch a locking means. As a result, the slide switch upon actuation of the actuator with a kind of snap movement between the two positions is switchable, whereby the switch provides good protection against teasing. This switch is therefore also suitable for high current applications, for example 120 V DC (DC). The well-known switch, in which the teasing is largely excluded, however, is large-scale and therefore less suitable for power tools with a slim handle.

The invention has for its object to develop the switch so that it is suitable for use in slim handles of power tools.

In particular, a switch with an extra slim switch profile for use in mains and / or battery-powered rotary hammers, impact hammers and / or

Combihammers are created, which have a very slim spade handle, which is preferably rubberized for vibration damping.

This object is achieved in a generic electrical switch by the

characterizing features of claim 1 solved.

In the switch according to the invention, the actuating slide and the slide switch in the direction of movement behind one another and thus in particular substantially in series with respect to the direction of movement are arranged to each other, whereby the switch has a very flat design. Created is thus in particular a switch, such as a hammer switch, with a teasefreien switching system, with a slim switch body and / or plug-blockable electrical connections. Because in the latter case all Connections for the switch are located on the same side, the cables no longer have to be guided past the switch body, which further contributes to the slenderness. Further embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In order to provide a particularly simple designed switch, the slide switch can be substantially linearly movable in the direction of movement. The actuating slide can also be movable in the direction of movement, in particular substantially linearly movable.

In the usual way, the switch has a, for example, a base and a lid existing, housing. The actuating slide and the slide switch are then in the housing, which are movably mounted in the housing. To support the slim design of the fixed contact with respect to the direction of movement in series with the actuating slide and the slide switch is located.

In a particularly compact design of the actuating slide is designed U-shaped, so that the slide switch in the actuating slide, is arranged by this partially comprehensive. The elastic means may consist in a cost effective manner of a compression spring in the manner of an acceleration spring. It can alternately according to the respective position of the slide switch one end of the acceleration spring with the

Slide switch and the other end of the acceleration spring with the

Actuating slide to switch the switching slide between the two positions cooperate. Furthermore, it is advisable that one between the

Actuating slide and a stop acting in the housing return spring in and / or on the actuating slide is arranged. The return spring serves to return the operating slide and thereby also the slide switch from one position to the other position. Preferably, the stop for the return spring is located in the base of the housing.

For ease of operation for the user, the actuator may be pivotally mounted on the housing. In a compact manner, it then makes sense that a toggle pivotally mounted on the housing both on the actuator and on Actuator is articulated. With the help of the toggle lever of the actuating slide is by the pivoting movement of the actuator substantially linear in

Movement direction movable.

Furthermore, the contact system in a simple embodiment, two fixed contacts and a configured in the manner of a contact bridge switching contact. The

Contact bridge is arranged by means of a contact spring elastic on the slide switch.

Appropriately, the fixed contact is the front side of the housing, in particular upright, arranged. In the usual way, an electrical connection goes from

Fixed contact. Appropriately, the connection is guided on the front side of the housing to the outside. This preferably applies to all connections, that is to say both for the mains / battery connection and for the motor connection. Since thus the motor and power lines are located on one side of the housing, thereby a plug block for the electrical leads for the "outside" -Contacting of the contact system at the terminal in a simple manner can be plugged.

In a compact and cost-effective manner, the locking means consists of a, in particular approximately U-shaped designed, detent spring and one with the detent spring

cooperating cam. For ease of assembly, the detent spring can be fixedly mounted in the base. The cam can then be located on the slide switch, whereby the detent spring acts to support the slim design essentially "inside." Of course, the detent spring can also be arranged to the effect of "outside". Alternatively, instead of a detent spring and the locking means consist of at least one spring-loaded ball, in turn, the ball cooperates with a corresponding cam.

As already stated, the electrical switch is particularly suitable for an electrical appliance, in particular for a power tool that carries out vibrations in a direction of impact. Conveniently, the switch is arranged in the electrical appliance such that the direction of movement is substantially perpendicular to the direction of impact. In this installation position a teaser of the switch is largely prevented. For a particularly preferred embodiment with further developments is to be determined below.

The arrangement for the switching system is designed so that results in a very slim, elongated design. This makes it possible to design ergonomically and mechanically optimal handles for the power tool. Also slim handles with reinforcing ribs for stiffening and a soft component for vibration damping are made possible. The switching system is not teasebar in ON and / or OFF position due to the snapping switching characteristic. The switch is preferably so in the

Power tool may be installed so that the Kontaktöff is perpendicular to the direction of impact of the machine, which is ideal. Thus, the risk of lifting the contacts due to strong vibration is eliminated or at least reduced.

The connections should all be on the same side to simplify mounting in the device and to allow the use of a plug block. All electrical connections of the switch, namely the mains / battery and motor connections, are on one side, for example four flat plugs of 4.8 mm or 6.3 mm width are used as connection. However, it can also be a corresponding switch with

Socket terminals, for example for the mains connection socket terminals and for the motor connection flat plug, or even a switch with screw terminals.

The switch can be made monostable or bistable in design. The terms indicate:

- monostable:

Upon release of the actuator, the switch automatically returns to the OFF position, i. it is a "button" / "dead man switch" / "deadman switch".

- bistable: The switch remains in the ON position when switched on and switched off in the exhibition, ie it is a "Rocker Switch" / "Rocker Switch" with

"Self-holding" / "locking".

Such a switch can thus be provided with a rocker for a bistable switch.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the switch has small dimensions with high electrical performance. The machine manufacturers for the power tool can thus slim, robust and / or the handle shell

ergonomic design. This is possible thanks to the extra slim switch profile and / or the connection way for the switch. This results in the grip shell better opportunities for reinforcing ribs or two-component (2K) grip shells with soft components for vibration damping. The switching system is not teasebar due to its snapping switching characteristic. This is supported by the arrangement of the switch with its ontaktöffhung perpendicular to the direction of impact, the

Represents the main vibration direction. It is possible to connect through a connector block, as all connections are on one side. As a result, the lines for the voltage supply and / or the Spannungsabführ must not be passed on the housing of the switch, whereby a slim profile for the switch is possible.

Embodiments of the invention with various developments and

Embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it

1 shows an electrical switch for a power tool in a perspective view, Fig. 2 seen the switch from direction II in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows the switch of Fig. 1 in an exploded view,

4 shows the arrangement of individual parts in the switch in a perspective view, 5 is the bottom view of the arrangement of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is the front view according to arrow VI in Fig. 5,

7 shows a switch according to another embodiment in a perspective view,

Fig. 8 shows a switch according to yet another embodiment in perspective

View,

9 shows a switch according to a further embodiment in perspective

View and

Fig. 10 shows the preferred installation arrangement of the switch in a power tool.

In Fig. 1, an electric switch 1 in monostable design for power tools, such as drills, rotary hammers, impact hammers, chisel hammers, angle grinder o. The like., To see. The switch 1 has a housing consisting of a base 3 and a cover 4 2. At the top of the housing 2, an actuator 5 is rotatably mounted and thus pivotally mounted. The actuator 5 is used for switching action on a befindliches in the housing 2 contact system 6 (see FIG. 3).

As is apparent from Fig. 3, the contact system 6 comprises at least one fixed contact 7 and a switching contact 8. In the present case, the switching contact 8 in the manner of a

Contact bridge configured and cooperates with two fixed contacts 7, 7 'together. Of the

Switching contact 8 is carried by a movable between two positions slide switch 10 by the contact bridge 8 is arranged by means of a contact spring 9 on the slide switch 10. In one position, the switching contact 8 is removed from the fixed contact 7, T, which is the off-switching position, and in the other position, the switching contact 8 is on the fixed contact 7, T, which is the one-switching position , In the present case, the two-pole contact system 6 comprises a second one

Contact bridge 8, which in turn interacts with two fixed contacts 7, T. The slide switch 10 is coupled by means of an elastic means 11, namely a compression spring in the manner of an acceleration spring 11, with an actuating slide 12. The acceleration spring 11 is arranged in a frame-like recess 24 in the slide valve 10. This can alternately according to the respective position of

Shift slide 10 which cooperate one end of the acceleration spring 11 with the slide switch 10 and the other end of the acceleration spring 11 with the actuating slide 12 for switching the slide valve 10.

Furthermore acts between a stop 25 in the base 3 of the housing 2 and the actuating slide 12 arranged in the actuating slide 12 return spring 17. The actuating slide 12 is in turn movable by the actuator 5 by the actuating slide 12 is coupled by means of a toggle lever 13 with the actuator 5. The toggle lever 13 is rotatably supported by a pin 27 on a pivot bearing 26 on the cover 4 of the housing 2. On the one hand, the toggle lever 13 is articulated by means of a tubular rivet 14 on the actuating member 5 and extends from a bellows-type seal 15 sealed into the housing 2 inside. On the other hand, the toggle lever 13 is articulated by means of a fork-like pliers 28 on the actuating slide 12.

As shown in FIG. 10, is due to the pivoting movement of the

Actuator 5 via the knee lever 13 of the actuating slide 12 is substantially linearly movable in the direction of movement 29. The coupled to the actuating slide 12 via the acceleration spring 11 slide switch 10 is also substantially linearly movable in the direction of movement 29. With the slide switch 10 acts a locking means 16 (see FIG. 5) together, such that the slide switch 10 upon actuation of the

Actuator 5 with a kind of snap movement between the two positions can be switched.

The actuating slide 12 and the slide switch 10 are in the direction of movement 29 one behind the other, and in fact substantially in series with respect to the

Movement direction 29, arranged so that the switch 1 has a very flat design. In order to keep the size of the switch 1 also in length small, is the actuating slide 12 is U-shaped, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, so that the slide switch 10 is arranged in the actuating slide 12 such that the slide switch 10 is partially surrounded by the actuating slide 12. The actuating slide 12 and the slide switch 10 are located in the housing 2, in the base 3 linearly movably mounted. Furthermore, the fixed contact 7, T in the direction of movement 29 in series with the actuating slide 12 and the slide switch 10 is located.

As finally shown in Fig. 3, the fixed contact 7, 7 is arranged on the front side of the housing 2, wherein an electrical connection 18 from the fixed contact 7, 7 'goes off. Of the

Terminal 18 leads in the manner of a tab at the front side of the housing 2 to the outside, as can be seen from FIG. As a result, a plug block for all electrical supply lines to the switch 1 can be plugged into the terminals 18 in the manner of an "external" contactor .. In another embodiment, the mains connection for the switch 1 is realized by socket terminals 19, while the motor connection on Switch 1 in turn consists of tabs 18. In the embodiment of FIG

Power connection from screw terminals 20.

While the switching function of the switch of Figure 1 is designed to be monostable, i. the actuator 5 returns automatically after its release by the operator due to the action of the return spring 17 in the off-switching position, a switch 1 is shown with bistable switching function in the embodiment of FIG. In this bistable switch 1, in which the actuator consists of a suitably designed rocker 5 ', the rocker 5' remains even after their release by the operator in the on position. The rocker 5 'has an area 23 for manual switching back by the operator in the off position.

As can be seen in Fig. 5, the locking means 16 consists of a detent spring 21 and a cooperating with the detent spring 21 cam 22. The detent spring 21 is configured approximately U-shaped and fixed in the base 3. The cam 22 is located on the slide 10. Since the effect of the detent spring 21 is directed inwardly due to this arrangement, a further contribution to the narrow design of the housing 2 is also made by this measure. Alternatively, the locking means may also consist of at least one spring-loaded ball and a cooperating with the ball cam, which is not shown further.

In Fig. 10, finally, in principle, the preferred installation arrangement of the switch 1 in the power tool to see. The installation should be done so that the

Contact opening of the contact system 6, i. the opening in the direction of movement 29 for the contacts 7, 7, 8, directed substantially perpendicular to the direction of impact 30 of the power tool, which is the main vibration direction for the power tool, is directed.

The invention is not limited to the described and illustrated embodiment. Rather, it also encompasses all expert developments within the scope of the invention defined by the claims. Thus, such an electrical switch not only in power and / or battery-powered power tools that beating, hammering, vibrating o. The like. Work, but also in other, of a

Voltage source supplied electrical appliances, such as garden tools, kitchen appliances o. The like., Use find. Advantageously, the reliability and reliability of the corresponding electrical device is increased even under harsh operating conditions and high loads when using this switch.

Reference symbol list:: (electrical) switch

: Casing

: Pedestal

: Lid

: Actuator

': Seesaw

: Contact system

: Fixed contact / contact

': Fixed contact / contact

: Switching contact / contact bridge / contact: contact spring

0: slide switch

1: elastic means / acceleration spring 2: actuating slide

3: Knee lever

4: tubular rivet

5: seal

6: locking means

7: Return spring

8: (electrical) connector / male connector9: female terminal

0: screw terminal

1: detent spring (of detent means)

2: cam (of locking means)

3: range (on rocker)

4: recess (in the slide valve) 5: stop (in the housing)

6: pivot bearing

7: pin

8: fork Direction of movement

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Electrical switch, in particular for electrical appliances, for example for

Power tools, such as drills, rotary hammers, impact hammers, chisel hammers, angle grinder o. The like., With at least one fixed contact (7) and a

Switching contact (8) comprising contact system (6), with an actuating member (5) for switching action on the contact system (6), with a in a direction of movement (29) between two positions movable, the switching contact (8) carrying slide switch (10), wherein in one position of the switching contact (8) from the fixed contact (7) is removed and in the other position of the switching contact (8) on the fixed contact (7) is applied, with a means of an elastic means (11) with the slide switch (10) coupled , from

Actuator (5) movable actuating slide (12), and with a with the

Switching slide (10) cooperating latching means (16), such that the slide switch (10) upon actuation of the actuating member (5) with a kind of snap movement between the two positions is switchable, characterized in that the actuating slide (12) and the slide switch (10 ) in the direction of movement (29) behind one another, in particular substantially in a row with respect to the direction of movement (29) are arranged.

2. Electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Slide slide (10) is substantially linear in the direction of movement (29) is movable, and that preferably the actuating slide (12), in particular substantially linearly, in the direction of movement (29) is movable.

3. Electrical switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the switch (1), in particular from a base (3) and a lid (4) existing, housing (2), wherein the actuating slide (12) and the Slide switch (10) in the housing (2) are movably mounted, and that preferably the fixed contact (7) in

Movement direction (29) in series with the actuating slide (12) and slide switch (10) is located.

4. Electrical switch according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the actuating slide (12) is designed U-shaped, so that the slide switch (10) partially is arranged in the actuating slide (12) that preferably the elastic means (11) consists of a compression spring in the manner of an acceleration spring, in particular alternately according to the respective position of the slide switch (10) one end of the acceleration spring (11) with the slide switch (10) and the other end of the acceleration spring (11) with the actuating slide (12) for switching the switching slide (10) cooperates, and more preferably one between the actuating slide (12) and a stop (25) in the housing (2), in particular in the base (3), acting return spring (17) for returning from the one position to the other position in and / or on the actuating slide (12) is arranged.

5. Electrical switch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the actuating member (5) is pivotally mounted on the housing (2), and that preferably on the housing (2) pivotally mounted toggle lever (13) both on the actuating member (5 ) and the actuating slide (12) is articulated, such that the actuating slide (12) by the pivoting movement of the actuating member (5) is substantially linearly movable in the direction of movement (29).

6. Electrical switch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contact system (6) has two fixed contacts (7, 7 ') and one in the manner of a

Contact bridge designed switching contact (8), and that preferably the contact bridge (8) by means of a contact spring (9) is arranged elastically on the slide switch (10).

7. Electrical switch according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fixed contact (7, 7 ') on the front side of the housing (2) is arranged, and that preferably an electrical connection (18) from the fixed contact (7, 7') goes off and frontally on the housing (2) leads to the outside, so that a plug block for the electrical leads to the terminal (18) can be plugged.

8. Electrical switch according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the latching means (16) consists of a, in particular approximately U-shaped designed detent spring (21) and one with the detent spring (21) cooperating cams (22) that Preferably, the detent spring (21) fixedly in the base (3) is arranged, and further preferably that the cam (22) on the slide switch (10) is located.

9. Electrical switch according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the latching means (16) consists of at least one spring-loaded ball and a cooperating with the ball cams.

10. Electrical appliance, in particular power tool, the vibration in a direction of impact (30) performs, with an electrical switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the switch (1) is arranged in the electrical appliance that the direction of movement (29) is substantially perpendicular to the direction of impact (30).