EP2561205A1 - Partie supérieure d'un piston assemblé ou soudé comprenant des chambres de refroidissement élargies - Google Patents

Partie supérieure d'un piston assemblé ou soudé comprenant des chambres de refroidissement élargies

Info

Publication number
EP2561205A1
EP2561205A1 EP11703395A EP11703395A EP2561205A1 EP 2561205 A1 EP2561205 A1 EP 2561205A1 EP 11703395 A EP11703395 A EP 11703395A EP 11703395 A EP11703395 A EP 11703395A EP 2561205 A1 EP2561205 A1 EP 2561205A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
recesses
cooling
recess
cooling channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11703395A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2561205B1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Olma
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Original Assignee
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Publication of EP2561205A1 publication Critical patent/EP2561205A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2561205B1 publication Critical patent/EP2561205B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/105—Salt cores
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/02—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F02F3/225—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid the liquid being directed into blind holes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49231—I.C. [internal combustion] engine making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49256—Piston making with assembly or composite article making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a one-piece and two-piece piston of an internal combustion engine and method for producing such piston according to the respective preambles of the independent claims.
  • the combustion temperatures and the combustion pressures are raised to optimize the combustion, whereby in particular the piston upper part is subjected to high thermal stress.
  • the operating temperature of the piston of such internal combustion engines may exceed the permissible limits of the piston material, associated with the risk of heat aging, in which the alloy of the piston material loses strength and dimensional stability.
  • pistons are used, in which an annular cooling channel is integrated, in which a portion of the lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine is injected via an injection nozzle as a coolant, flows through the cooling channel and then exits.
  • DE 197 50 021 A1 discloses a cooling channel piston which, in the region of the annular field, encloses an annular cooling channel radially offset from a lateral surface.
  • the coolant flowing through the cooling channel causes heat dissipation, the effectiveness of this liquid cooling being substantially determined by the volume flow rate of the cooling medium through the cooling channel.
  • DE 41 18 400 A1 shows a built piston, starting from the cooling channel, extending in the direction of the piston crown cooling slots with mutually parallel walls.
  • the invention is based on the object to optimize the cooling effect of the piston upper part of a one-piece and a two-part piston in thermally highly stressed zones by a cost-effective measure and, accordingly, to provide a piston and method for producing such piston.
  • the present invention provides a piston top part of a one-piece and a two-part piston with integrated recesses according to the features of patent claims 1 and 2, as well as methods for producing the recesses according to the features of claims 12, 13 and 14.
  • the two-part piston is designed as a liquid-cooled piston, consisting of a piston lower part and a piston bowl having a combustion bowl. These piston components are supported via radially mutually spaced, forming a separation plane joining webs and preferably cohesively, preferably by means of a welded joint, or preferably by friction, preferably joined by means of a screw connection.
  • the assembled piston of a piston upper part and lower piston part is preferably assembled, for example by means of screw connection, or preferably welded together, for example by means of welded connection.
  • Cooling channel introduced which is connected via connecting channels with an inner cooling chamber.
  • the upper piston part closes in the direction of a piston crown aligned, executed as a blind hole, connected to the cooling channel recesses.
  • the liquid-cooled piston of an internal combustion engine consists of a piston lower part and a piston bowl having a combustion bowl, wherein the piston is designed as a one-piece piston having no separation plane.
  • the invention while maintaining defined wall thicknesses compared to previously known solutions increases the flowed through by the coolant, in the depth extended cooling space and thus optimizes the cooling of the piston upper part.
  • a preferred structural shape of the recess according to the invention is spaced from a central contour of the trough-shaped introduced in the piston head combustion chamber trough.
  • an extension of the cooling channel forming recess is advantageously not limited by design constraints, such as the location and arrangement of the separation plane between the piston bottom and the piston top or the cooling channel, but can, for example, specifically expand in the direction of the combustion bowl .
  • the inventively designed recesses are preferably determined for piston heads with a relatively small combustion bowl diameter in order to optimally cool the adjusting large wall thicknesses and accumulations of material in the piston crown. Thus, coking up to a burnup and a reduction in strength of the material can be avoided.
  • the exhaust gas requirements (Tier 3 and IMO) for built-up pistons with a small combustion bowl diameter can be achieved.
  • the type of the piston lower part and of the piston upper part are also designed to be suitable, as described above.
  • the size and the extent of the recess is not limited by the outer diameter of the joining webs or the support surfaces in the region of the separation plane between the piston upper part and the piston lower part.
  • the measure according to the invention makes it possible to expand the recess according to the invention intended for cooling to a zone in which there is a high thermal load.
  • the cross-sectional profile in the recess base thus exceeds the cross-sectional profile in the region of a transition of the recess to the cooling channel due to the conical expansion.
  • the piston head includes a plurality of circumferentially distributed positioned, with the cooling passage in communication recesses. This designed as a blind hole, the cooling chamber targeted magnifying recesses cause improved, efficient cooling of the piston top.
  • the recesses lead at least locally to reduced wall thicknesses of the piston upper part, as compared to the combustion chamber trough, the ring field, the top land and the piston crown. Due to tuned wall thicknesses between the inventively executed recesses and the adjacent thermal heavily stressed zones, a structurally stable, highest requirements holding piston upper part is realized.
  • the measure according to the invention reduces the component temperature to a level below the flash point of conventional cooling oils, which at the same time reduces the risk of coking for the preferably used as a coolant lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine.
  • Due to the significantly improved heat dissipation and thus cooling effect of the recess according to the invention the piston upper part and consequently the entire piston for higher combustion temperatures and combustion pressures, i. can be used in internal combustion engines with high power density.
  • the bulky designed, cost-producible recesses advantageously reduce the weight of the upper piston part, especially for small Brennraummulden- diameters.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention according to the invention over the longitudinal extent conically widening recesses provides that these are circumferentially distributed in the piston upper part designed in particular as slots, holes or channels.
  • webs formed by the material of the piston upper part are provided between the recesses and the cooling channel.
  • walls or support ribs may be used, wherein the walls or support ribs differ by their respective shape of the webs.
  • the adjacent recesses designed according to the invention are oppositely introduced alternately in matching or divergent geometrical sizes and / or inclinations to one another in the piston upper part. This measure allows a targeted extension of the recesses into thermally highly loaded zones, without the risk of component weakening.
  • the walls of the recess are inclined at an inclination angle " ⁇ , ⁇ " between 0 ° to 40 °, preferably of ⁇ 15 ° to a piston longitudinal axis, in order to achieve largely matching wall thicknesses with respect to the thermally heavily loaded zones Adjusted piston head, it is still appropriate to interpret the inclination angle of opposite walls, in particular an inner wall and an outer wall, coincident or divergent.
  • the invention includes a beveled recess base. Due to the recesses in the cooling channel, there is also an increased turbulence of the coolant in the cooling channel. By adjusting the surface of the recess bottom and a reduction of the diameter of the recess bottom, it is possible to reduce or optimize the emissions during operation of the piston. Adjusting the graded transition also reduces emissions during operation.
  • an adaptation of the cooling space to the shape of the trough of the combustion bowl can take place.
  • the adaptation and configuration of the recess base is possible by means of the shape of the casting body, the shape of which in certain areas is the negative shape of the shape of the recess base.
  • a further embodiment of the invention envisages arranging the recesses formed preferably as channels, bores or slots circumferentially symmetrically or asymmetrically in the piston upper part.
  • the position, orientation and size of the recess can be adapted to the different thermal loads. For example, it makes sense to design the cooling chamber or cross-sectional volume of the recess on the pressure side (DS) differently from the corresponding cross-sectional volume on the counter-pressure side (GDS) of the piston upper part.
  • the location and interpretation of Recess is such that a weakening of the strength of the piston upper part is avoided.
  • a mold body corresponding to the shape of the recesses preferably a salt core, is fixed in position in the casting mold intended for the piston top part. After casting and cooling of the upper piston part of the mold body is removed by rinsing.
  • a mold body corresponding to the shape of the recesses preferably a salt core
  • a piston upper part and a piston lower part After casting and cooling of the one-piece piston of the mold body is removed by rinsing.
  • Another alternative method for producing the recesses provides mechanical, three-dimensional machining.
  • a turning and milling machining are introduced with the cavities for the representation of recesses in the piston upper part. It also makes sense to represent the recesses by means of a milling or drilling tools.
  • FIG. 1 shows a piston upper part in a longitudinal section with a recess designed according to the invention
  • Figure 2 a detail of the piston top part according to Figure 1 in an enlarged
  • Figure 3 the top view of a piston upper part with a plurality of slit-shaped
  • Figure 4 a three-dimensional view of cooling slots in a piston upper part
  • Figure 5 a perspective view of a piston upper part with extended
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a piston upper part 1, which is, for example, a component produced from a steel alloy by means of a forging process.
  • the piston upper part 1 can also be made of aluminum, of an aluminum alloy or of an iron alloy.
  • the piston upper part 1 can also be produced by means of any other forming process or molding process.
  • the piston upper part 1, together with a piston lower part, not shown in FIG. 1, forms a two-part piston, which is, for example, friction-fitted or cohesively welded, which is liquid-cooled.
  • the piston upper part 1 is supported on corresponding joint webs of the piston lower part.
  • an annular cooling channel 11 is provided in the region of the separation plane 4, which extends into the lower part of the piston and by the coolant in the operating condition of the engine, in particular lubricating oil of the internal combustion engine, circulates.
  • the cooling medium enters the cooling channel 11 via an inlet and leaves the cooling channel
  • the cooling channel 11 communicates with a plurality of circumferentially distributed introduced, aligned in the direction of the piston head 6 recesses 12 in connection. These circumferentially distributed, blind hole introduced recesses 12 are formed as channels, holes and / or slots and increase the acted upon by the coolant cooling space in the piston top 1. To ensure sufficient rigidity of the piston head 1 are in a transition region between the cooling channel 11 and the recesses 12th Webs 13 provided.
  • the recesses 12 extend conically up to a maximum at a recess bottom 14. Via connecting channels 15 which are positioned on the circumference, the recesses 12 are connected to a central internal cooling space 16 positioned below the combustion bowl 7.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the geometric design of the recess 12 in an enlarged illustration.
  • the circumferentially distributed in the piston upper part 1 recesses 12 may alternatively be designed as limited circumferential cavities.
  • the recess 12 is introduced according to the embodiment subsequently in the production by means of the forging method by means of a mechanical three-dimensional machining process in the piston upper part 1.
  • the recess 12 in the case of a piston upper part 1 produced by means of a casting method, it is suitable to mold the recess 12 into the piston upper part 1 by means of a casting mold.
  • the land 9 and the trough edge 8 of the combustion bowl 7, the recess 12 forms a stepped recess base 14.
  • the dome-like, a trough vault forming recess base. 14 includes a doubly rounded contour enclosing the radius "R.” The number of cuts allows the depth of the recess bottom 14 located between the radii "R" in the recess 12 to be adjusted.
  • the piston longitudinal axis 5 each inclined.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the inner wall 17 and the inclination angle ß of the outer wall 18, wherein the inner wall 17 and the outer wall 18 are inclined opposite to each other, may be the same or different from each other.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a piston upper part 1 according to the invention.
  • the same components are provided with the same reference numerals and new components are named with new reference numerals.
  • FIG. 3 shows the plan view of the piston upper part 1 of a two-part piston in the direction of the two joining webs 2, 3.
  • the piston upper part 1 has a plurality of slot-shaped recesses 19 arranged tangentially with a certain radius around the piston longitudinal axis 5, in the example five slot-shaped recesses 19 according to FIG on.
  • the tangential circulation around the piston longitudinal axis 5 is also known under the term of the radial circulation about the piston longitudinal axis 5.
  • the inner cooling chamber 16 is shown in addition, around which the five slot-shaped recesses 19 are arranged circumferentially distributed.
  • the slot-shaped recesses 19 are not connected to each other, so that in each case a distance in the form of webs 20 between the respective slot-shaped recesses 19 exists.
  • FIG. 4 shows two cooling slots 21, 22 with shaft cooling in a piston upper part 1 of a two-part piston, wherein the two cooling slots 21, 22 are assigned to the illustrated recess 12. It is possible to downsize the bowl diameter of the respective cooling slot 21, 22 or to introduce a step trough. By cooling the shaft, on the one hand, an enlargement of the cooling surface and a turbulence is achieved.
  • the inner cooling chamber 16 is shown.
  • FIG. 5 shows two extended cooling slots 21, 22 with a smoothed surface, wherein the two cooling slots 21, 22 are assigned to the illustrated recess 12. It is possible to reduce the bowl diameter or to process the trough used to reduce emissions. By varying the slot depth of the respective cooling slots 21, 22 of the recess 12, it is possible that an adaptation of the cooling space takes place to the trough shape of the combustion chamber trough 7. The degree of smoothing is achieved by the number of slots between cooling slot 21 and cooling slot 22. In Figure 5, in addition to clarification, the inner cooling chamber 16 is shown.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un piston d'un moteur à combustion interne, réalisé comme un piston refroidi par liquide, de préférence assemblé ou soudé, qui est constitué d'une partie inférieure et d'une partie supérieure (1) comprenant un bol de combustion (7). Ces éléments de piston sont supportés par des brides de jonction (2, 3) radialement espacées l'une de l'autre, formant ensemble un plan de séparation (4) et sont assemblés de préférence par liaison de matière, de préférence au moyen d'une soudure, ou de préférence par friction, de préférence au moyen d'un assemblage par boulons. La partie supérieure (1) comprend une zone annulaire (10) pour recevoir les segments de piston et comprend un canal de refroidissement (11) annulaire qui s'étend jusque dans la partie inférieure et est en communication par l'intermédiaire des canaux de liaison (15) avec une chambre de refroidissement intérieure (16). Au canal de refroidissement sont raccordés des évidements (12) qui sont réalisés comme des trous borgnes, sont orientés dans la direction du culot de piston (6) et sont formés de manière à s'élargir coniquement depuis le canal de refroidissement (11) jusqu'au fond (14) de l'évidement (12) concerné. Le fond (14) de l'évidement peut avoir une forme fortement ondulée (surface agrandie) ou finement ondulée. Le piston peut aussi être réalisé comme un piston d'un seul tenant comprenant une partie supérieure (1) et une partie inférieure sans plan de séparation (4).
EP11703395.1A 2010-04-19 2011-02-04 Partie supérieure d'un piston assemblé ou soudé comprenant des chambres de refroidissement élargies Active EP2561205B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010015568A DE102010015568A1 (de) 2010-04-19 2010-04-19 Kolbenoberteil eines gebauten oder geschweißten Kolbens mit erweiterten Kühlräumen
PCT/EP2011/000505 WO2011131266A1 (fr) 2010-04-19 2011-02-04 Partie supérieure d'un piston assemblé ou soudé comprenant des chambres de refroidissement élargies

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2561205A1 true EP2561205A1 (fr) 2013-02-27
EP2561205B1 EP2561205B1 (fr) 2020-09-23

Family

ID=43983548

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11703395.1A Active EP2561205B1 (fr) 2010-04-19 2011-02-04 Partie supérieure d'un piston assemblé ou soudé comprenant des chambres de refroidissement élargies

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8973548B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2561205B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR101867631B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102859165B (fr)
DE (1) DE102010015568A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011131266A1 (fr)

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DE102017109471A1 (de) * 2016-05-04 2017-11-09 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Kolben
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20130062904A (ko) 2013-06-13
EP2561205B1 (fr) 2020-09-23
US20130032104A1 (en) 2013-02-07
WO2011131266A1 (fr) 2011-10-27
CN102859165A (zh) 2013-01-02
CN102859165B (zh) 2019-05-14
DE102010015568A1 (de) 2011-10-20
KR101867631B1 (ko) 2018-06-14
US8973548B2 (en) 2015-03-10

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