EP2547226B1 - Sole for a shoe and shoe - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a sole for a shoe designed to increase the instability of onset, wherein the sole preferably extends from a rear heel area via a midfoot area to a front forefoot area. Moreover, the present invention relates to a shoe, in particular training shoe for coordination training and for strengthening the muscles, with a sole of the aforementioned type.

Shoes with a convexly rounded shape in the running direction with an inserted soft heel part are known from the prior art. Due to the intentionally softened shoe bottom construction of the so-called Masai Barefoot Technology shoe, the foot loses the characteristic of a physiological locomotion support and support. This should affect larger parts of the support and support muscles because the body must now be actively kept in balance. Because of this constant minimum balancing movements and straining of the foot muscles in search of a secure footing, the wearing of MBT shoes should lead to a permanent coordination training and additional parts of the skeletal musculature. Depending on the muscular condition of the wearer, it should come to a strengthening especially of the leg, abdominal and back muscles by simply walking in these shoes. This should indirectly lead to joint relief. MBT shoes should also be able to counteract unilateral overloads and tension by strengthening the muscles close to the joints.

The supposedly achievable health effects of wearing MBT shoes are controversial. A significant improvement in the ability to coordinate by wearing MBT shoes has not yet been demonstrated, the wearing of the shoes due to the convex rounded in the direction of the sole shape is perceived as exhausting and uncomfortable and also can lead to pain when wearing. Finally, due to the special sole shape, MBT shoes are generally also perceived as less visually appealing.

DE 20 2006 016 038 U1 discloses a sole having a substantially longitudinal web extending from the bottom of the sole.

Object of the present invention is to provide a sole and a shoe of the type mentioned above, which effect an increased training of balance, a training of muscle coordination and muscle strengthening the wearer of a shoe with such a shoe sole, the aforementioned disadvantages of MBT shoes should not occur.

The above object is achieved in a first alternative embodiment of the invention in that the sole follows a contour of the hydrograph and extending in the longitudinal direction of the sole over the entire length of the hydrograph instability region to reduce the stability in the occurrence of the normal gait with one opposite has increased compression modulus to the adjacent medial and lateral outer regions of the sole. The compression modulus in the sense of the invention is based on the total compression modulus of the sole over the sole thickness, wherein the sole may consist of a substantially homogeneous material with the sole thickness constant compression modulus, such as a foamed plastic, as well as of a material over the sole thickness has gaps, for example honeycombs, so that the compression modulus changes over the sole thickness. The total compression modulus of the sole at a particular point on the sole is determined in each case in the vertical direction over the entire thickness of the (outer) sole at this point. By installing honeycombs or cavities, the total compression modulus at a particular point in the sole can be changed accordingly.

The higher compression modulus causes the sole to provide less resistance to compression in the region outside the instability region than in the region of the instability region. The compression modulus describes which unilateral pressure change is necessary to produce a specific volume change. At this point, the invention is based on the basic idea of constructing the shoe sole to reduce the stability when performing normal gait, athletic running and sprinting, with the higher compression modulus in the region of the pressure center line or the gait line during walking, running and sporting Movements an instability is generated under the foot, leading to motor Learning processes leads. The foot attachment and the rolling of the foot become more unstable and must be compensated neuromuscularly. This involves intrinsic motor learning of multiple patterns of muscle control in the brain and at the spinal level for improved balance. By wearing a shoe with a sole of the kind described above, the ability to balance is trained, the muscular coordination is trained and the muscles are strengthened. In this case, the shoe with the sole according to the invention for the therapeutic field, in sports and for a higher foot comfort equally used.

Protection with the sole according to the invention is directed to the elderly for fall prevention, to overweight persons with a lack of balance control, to children with balance disorders due to lack of exercise, and to patients with neuropathies having diminished equilibrium control, such as Parkinson's patients. As a comfort shoe, a one-sided load on the muscles can be prevented and thus a local overload, which can lead to muscle fatigue and pain. The higher compression modulus in the instability region of the sole simulates the effect of uneven ground. As a training shoe, a shoe with the sole according to the invention for coordination training for all sports areas can be used in which balance and balance control play a special role. By simulating the effect of uneven ground, the muscles are strengthened by increased use of otherwise neglected muscles. Preferably, it is so that the compression module on both sides, d. H. in the medial and lateral directions, dropping outwards from the instability region. This will be discussed in detail below.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the sole is provided with an instability region following the contour of the gait line and extending in the longitudinal direction of the sole over the entire length of the gait line to reduce its resistance during normal gait movement with respect to the adjacent medial and lateral Outside sole areas increased sole thickness has, so that results in an uneven sole contour transverse to the direction. In this alternative embodiment, instability is achieved by geometrically changing the outsole, with the sole shape of the conventionally provided deviates flat and flat sole shape. Preferably, a transverse to the direction of convex rounded or curved sole contour is provided. For example, starting from the course line, the sole thickness may decrease steadily or discontinuously toward the outside, so that a correspondingly rounded, crowned, curved or even angled sole shape results transversely to the running direction on the running side of the sole. Also in the alternative embodiment of the invention, walking, running and athletic movements create instability under the foot with the effects described above.

It will be appreciated that the sole may have a higher modulus of compression in the area of the instability region than in the adjacent medial and lateral regions of the sole, and at the same time increased sole thickness to produce a desired instability under the foot when it occurs.

In principle, it is advantageous that the instability region extends along the entire length of the sole along the gait line, i. H. from a back end of the sole edge over the heel, midfoot and forefoot to a forward end of the sole edge. Optionally, it is possible for the instability region to extend in sections in the direction of the hydrograph, wherein higher compression modulus and / or higher sole thickness sole portions and lower modulus and / or lower sole thickness portions may be sequentially provided in the longitudinal direction of the sole.

The width of the instability region may be about 10% to 70%, more preferably about 20% to 50%, especially about 30% to 40%, the heel width at 20% to 30%, preferably at about 25% of the sole length be. The instability region then extends band-wise along the hydrograph, wherein, preferably, the instability region may have a longitudinally uniform width. In principle, however, it is also possible for the width of the instability region to be in the longitudinal direction within the abovementioned limits changes. The instability region may be symmetrical on both sides of the hydrograph, with the central longitudinal axis of the increased modulus region and / or the higher solute thickness region substantially coincident with the hydrograph. This helps to create high instability under the foot when it occurs without compromising comfort. The wearing of a shoe with the sole according to the invention is therefore perceived as very pleasant.

In order to generate an even greater instability under the foot when it occurs, the instability region in the medial and / or lateral direction can have at least two regions with different high compression modulus and / or different sole thickness. Preferably, it may be provided in this context that the compression modulus and / or the sole thickness in the region of the instability region preferably drops off continuously from the hydrograph in the medial and / or lateral direction. The points of the sole with the highest compression modulus and / or the largest sole thickness form a line that substantially coincides with the hydrograph. In principle, it is of course also possible for the compression modulus and / or the sole thickness to be constant over the width and preferably the length of the instability region. In the outer regions outside the instability region, the value of the compression modulus and / or the value of the sole thickness may be about 80%, preferably about 60%, in particular about 40%, further preferably about 20% or less of the value of the compression modulus or the sole thickness in the instability region fall off. Also in the outer region, d. H. laterally in the medial or lateral direction adjacent to the instability region, the compression modulus and / or the sole thickness may decrease further outward. As a result, starting from the instability region, a steady decrease of the compression modulus and / or the sole thickness can be predetermined transversely to the running direction, which contributes to a high degree of wearing comfort coupled with great instability on occurrence.

The value of the compression modulus and / or the value of the sole thickness may be continuous in the instability region and / or outside the instability region in the medial and / or lateral direction, and preferably with a constant gradient or curvature fall off. A non-steady change of the compression modulus and / or the sole thickness over the sole width is conceivable.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Schuhsohle, wobei der Verlauf der Ganglinie auf der Grundlage gemittelter Werte bestimmt und eingezeichnet ist,

Fig. 2

die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Schuhsohle, wobei der Verlauf einer Instabilitätsregion mit einem gegenüber den benachbarten medialen und/oder lateralen Bereichen der Sohle erhöhten Kompressionsmodul und/oder einer erhöhten Sohlendicke eingezeichnet ist, und

Fig. 3a - 3d

schematische Schnittansichten längs der Linie I-I aus Fig. 1 für unterschiedliche Querschnittskonturen einer erfindungsgemäßen Schuhsohle.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, wherein the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. In the drawing show

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a shoe sole, wherein the course of the hydrograph is determined and drawn on the basis of averaged values,

Fig. 2

in the Fig. 1 Shoe sole illustrated, wherein the course of an instability region is drawn with a relation to the adjacent medial and / or lateral areas of the sole increased compression modulus and / or increased sole thickness, and

Fig. 3a - 3d

schematic sectional views taken along the line II Fig. 1 for different cross-sectional contours of a shoe sole according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 schematically the course of the hydrograph for the sole 1 of a shoe is shown. The impact of the foot when walking and running takes place at the extreme (lateral) edge of the heel. After placement, the gait line travels below the center of the heel (line TG1) as the foot rolls off, to 25% of the shoe sole length, up to T25. Between 25% (T25) and 65% (T65) of the shoe sole length, the midline (gait line) moves rectilinearly (line TG2) below the medial portion of the cuboid bone (cuboid) and between the third and fourth metatarsal bone (metatarsal bone) to the posterior portion the metatarsal heads. Between 65% (T65) and 70% (T70) of the shoe sole length (area of the metatarsal heads or metatarsal heads), the hydrograph (line TG3) makes a large curvature in the medial direction along the metatarsal heads. Between 70% (T70) and the last contact point E (line TG4), the hydrograph initially moves further in the medial direction with a mean curvature towards the big toe. In the last section of the ground contact (15% of the sole length) the gait line moves with very little curvature in the direction of the big toe jet to the front sole periphery or the last contact point E.

1. 1. Bestimmung des Mittelpunktes F am hinteren Ende des Sohlenrandes der Ferse.
2. 2. Bestimmung des Mittelpunktes V am vorderen Ende des Sohlenrandes des Vorfußbereichs.
3. 3. Bestimmung der Sohlenlänge L durch eine Gerade zwischen F und V.
4. 4. Erstellung der Strecke T25 durch eine zur Sohlenlängsachse senkrechte Linie bei 25 % der Sohlenlänge L, ausgehend vom Fersenmittelpunkt F. Die Schnittpunkte der Linie T25 mit dem inneren und äußeren Umriß der Sohle definieren den medialen Punkt M1 sowie den lateralen Punkt L1 und damit die Länge der Strecke M1L1.
5. 5. Bestimmung von B als Mittelpunkt von T25 (50 % der Strecke M1L1).
6. 6. Vom Schnittpunkt der Mittellinie FV mit der Strecke T25 wird ein Strahl im Winkel von 20° zum hinteren seitlichen Sohlenaußenrand gezeichnet Der Schnittpunkt mit der Umrißlinie definiert den Auftrittpunkt A.
7. 7. Erstellung der Teilganglinie TG1 als Verbindung der Punkte A und B durch die folgende gespiegelte und um 240° gedrehte Parabelfunktion: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0},\mathrm{30}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
   
   Der X-Wert (in cm) steigt bei dieser Funktion auf 16 % der Sohlenlänge L und hat seinen Ursprung im Punkt A.
8. 8. Erstellung der Strecke T65 durch eine zur Sohlenlängsachse senkrechte Linie bei 65 % der Sohlenlänge L, ausgehend vom Fersenmittelpunkt F. Die Schnittpunkte der Linie T65 mit dem inneren und äußeren Umriß der Sohle definieren den medialen Punkt M2 sowie den lateralen Punkt L2 und damit die Länge der Strecke M2L2.
9. 9. Definition des Punktes C im Abstand von 56 % der Länge M2L2 von M2 ausgehend auf der Strecke T65.
10. 10. Erstellung der mittleren Teilganglinie TG2 als Gerade zwischen den Punkten B und C.
11. 11. Erstellung der Strecke T70 durch eine zur Sohlenlängsachse senkrechte Linie bei 70 % der Sohlenlänge L, ausgehend vom Fersenmittelpunkt F. Die Schnittpunkte der Linie T70 mit dem inneren und äußeren Umriß der Sohle definieren den medialen Punkt M3 sowie den lateralen Punkt L3 und damit die Länge der Strecke M3L3.
12. 12. Definition des Punktes D im Abstand von 55 % der Länge M3L3 von M3 ausgehend auf der Strecke T70.
13. 13. Erstellung der Teilganglinie TG3 als Verbindung der Punkte C und D durch die folgende um 345° gedrehte Parabelfunktion: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0},\mathrm{80}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
    
    Der X-Wert (in cm) steigt bei dieser Funktion auf 2,7 % der Sohlenlänge L und hat seinen Ursprung im Punkt C.
14. 14. Erstellung der Teilganglinie TG4 als Verbindung der Punkte D und E durch die folgende gespiegelte und um 245° gedrehte Parabelfunktion: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0},\mathrm{26}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
    
    Der X-Wert (in cm) steigt bei dieser Funktion auf 20 % der Sohlenlänge L und hat seinen Ursprung im Punkt D. Durch den Schnittpunkt der gespiegelten Parabel mit dem inneren Sohlenumriß des Vorfußbereichs wird Punkt E definiert.

A mathematical description of the hydrograph can be made as follows:

1. 1. Determination of the center point F at the rear end of the sole edge of the heel.
2. 2. Determination of the center point V at the front end of the sole edge of the forefoot area.
3. 3. Determination of the sole length L by a straight line between F and V.
4. 4. Creation of the distance T25 by a line perpendicular to the sole longitudinal axis at 25% of the sole length L, starting from the heel center F. The intersections of the line T25 with the inner and outer contour of the sole define the medial point M1 and the lateral point L1 and thus the Length of the route M1L1.
5. 5. Determination of B as the center of T25 (50% of distance M1L1).
6. 6. From the intersection of the center line FV with the distance T25, a beam is drawn at an angle of 20 ° to the rear lateral sole outside edge. The intersection with the outline defines the point of occurrence A.
7. 7. Creation of the partial line TG1 as connection of the points A and B by the following mirrored and rotated by 240 ° parabolic function: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{30}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
   
   The X value (in cm) for this function increases to 16% of the sole length L and has its origin at point A.
8. 8. Creation of the section T65 by a line perpendicular to the sole longitudinal axis at 65% of the sole length L, starting from the heel center F. The intersections of the line T65 with the inner and outer contour the sole defines the medial point M2 as well as the lateral point L2 and thus the length of the segment M2L2.
9. 9. Definition of the point C at a distance of 56% of the length M2L2 from M2 on the route T65.
10. 10. Creation of the middle part-tangency line TG2 as a straight line between the points B and C.
11. 11. Creation of the distance T70 by a line perpendicular to the sole longitudinal axis at 70% of the sole length L, starting from the heel center F. The intersections of the line T70 with the inner and outer contour of the sole define the medial point M3 and the lateral point L3 and thus the Length of the route M3L3.
12. 12. Definition of the point D at a distance of 55% of the length M3L3 from M3 on the route T70.
13. 13. Creation of the partial line TG3 connecting points C and D by the following parabolic function rotated by 345 °: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{80}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
    
    The X value (in cm) for this function increases to 2.7% of the sole length L and has its origin at point C.
14. 14. Creation of the partial line TG4 as connection of the points D and E by the following mirrored and rotated by 245 ° parabolic function: $$\mathrm{Y}=\mathrm{0}.\mathrm{26}•{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}^{\mathrm{2}}$$
    
    The X value (in cm) for this function increases to 20% of the sole length L and has its origin at the point D. The point of intersection of the mirrored parabola with the inner sole contour of the forefoot area defines point E.

In Fig. 2 is a substantially the contour of the hydrograph 2 following and in the direction of the hydrograph 2 on the sole. 1 extending instability region 3, which is delimited in the medial direction by a medial boundary line 4 and in the lateral direction by a lateral boundary line 5. Outwardly adjoin the instability region 3, a medial outer region 6 and a lateral outer region 7.

In order to reduce the onset of normal gait, athletic running or sprinting, the instability region 3 has a higher compression modulus than the adjacent medial and lateral outer regions 6, 7 and optionally an increased sole thickness. As a result, the equilibrium ability is trained when training, trains the muscular coordination and strengthens the muscles. The instability region 3 extends from point A to point E over the entire length of the hydrograph, with the width of the instability region 3 being about 30% of the heel width at 25% of the shoe sole length (at location T25). The instability region 3 has, starting from the point of occurrence A to the point C substantially a constant width. In the transition region from point C to point D, the width of the instability region 3 then decreases, so that the in Fig. 2 sketched course of the medial borderline 4 and the lateral borderline 5 results. The center line through the instability region 3 coincides with the hydrograph 2, so that the boundary lines 4, 5 extend symmetrically on both sides of the hydrograph 2.

The compression modulus of the sole 1 and possibly the sole thickness fall off in the region of the instability region from the hydrograph 2 in the direction of the medial borderline 4 and the lateral borderline 5 outwards. In the outer regions 6, 7, the compression modulus and, if appropriate, the sole thickness continue to fall outward in the medial and / or lateral direction, so that the compression modulus and optionally the sole thickness in the region of the hydrograph can assume the greatest values. The compression modulus of the sole 1 and / or the sole thickness may decrease in the medial outer region 6 and in the lateral outer region 7 to a value of approximately 80% to 20% of the compression modulus or the sole thickness in the instability region 3.

The waste is carried out starting from the hydrograph in the medial and lateral directions towards the outside, preferably with a constant gradient or, with respect to the sole thickness, preferably with a constant curvature.

In the Fig. 3a to 3d possible sole profiles are shown schematically, referring to the section II Fig. 1 Respectively. The sole 1 has an uneven sole contour transverse to the running direction on the running side. It is according to Fig. 3a provided transversely to the direction of a convex rounded or curved sole contour. The position of the instability region 3 and the adjacent outer regions 6, 7 is shown schematically in each case. According to Fig. 3a is the point with maximum sole thickness P in the region of the central longitudinal axis of the sole 1. Here also the point with maximum compression modulus can be provided.

In the Fig. 3b, 3c and 3d possible alternative embodiments of a sole 1 are shown with transverse to the direction uneven sole contour. According to Fig. 3b For example, the sole 1 has on the running side in the region of the instability region 3 a flat appearance region 8. Starting from the medial boundary line 4 and the lateral boundary line 5, the sole thickness then decreases toward the outside and follows an arcuate course. According to Fig. 3c it is provided that the sole thickness decreases starting from the boundary lines 4, 5 outwardly along a straight line. At the in Fig. 3d illustrated embodiment, the sole 1 has a substantially triangular cross-sectional profile, in turn, the point P with maximum sole thickness in the region of the central longitudinal axis of the sole 1 extends. The aforementioned courses can apply accordingly for the compression module.

It is understood that the invention also covers such embodiments as equivalent embodiments in which the hydrograph deviates by ± 10% to 25%, in particular by ± 15% to 20%, from the course of the hydrograph 2 described and illustrated mathematically.

Claims (13)

1. A sole (1) for a shoe designed for increasing the instability during stepping, wherein the sole preferably extends from a rear heel area across a metatarsal area to a front forefoot area, characterized in that the sole (1) has an instability region (3) that follows the contour of the gait line (2) and that extends over the entire length of the gait line (2) in the longitudinal direction of the sole (1) for reducing the stability during stepping for the normal gait with an bulk modulus increased relative to the adjacent medial and lateral outer areas (6, 7) of the sole (1).
2. A sole (1) for a shoe designed for increasing the instability during stepping, wherein the sole preferably extends from a rear heel area across a metatarsal area to a front forefoot area, in particular according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sole (1) has an instability region (3) that follows the contour of the gait line (2) and that extends over the entire length of the gate line (2) in the longitudinal direction of the sole (1) for reducing the stability during stepping for the normal gait with a sole thickness increased relative to the adjacent medial and lateral outer areas (6, 7) of the sole (1), so that an uneven sole contour transverse to the direction of movement results.
3. A sole according to Claim 2, characterized in that a convexly rounded or curved sole contour is provided transverse to the direction of movement.
4. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the instability region (3) extends continuously across the metatarsal area and the forefoot area up to the front end of the edge of the sole.
5. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of the instability region (3) is approx. 10% to 70%, preferably approx. 20% to 50%, in particular, approx. 30% to 40%, of the heel width at 20% to 30%, preferably approx. 25% of the sole length.
6. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the instability region (3) has a constant width in the direction of the gait line (2).
7. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the instability region (3) runs symmetrically on both sides of the gait line (2).
8. A sole according to one of the claims, characterized in that the instability region (3) has at least two areas in the medial and/or in the lateral direction with varyingly high bulk modulus and/or varying sole thickness.
9. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulk modulus and/or the sole thickness in the area of the instability region (3) decreases from the gait line (2) in the medial and/or in the lateral direction towards the outside.
10. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulk modulus of the sole (1) and/or the sole thickness in the medial outer area (6) and/or in the lateral outer area (7) is less than approx. 80%, preferably less than approx. 60%, in particular less than approx. 40%, more particularly less than approx. 20% or less of the bulk modulus or the sole thickness in the instability region (3).
11. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulk modulus and/or the sole thickness in the medial outer area (6) and/or in the lateral outer area (7) decreases in the medial and/or in the lateral direction towards the outside.
12. A sole according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bulk modulus and/or the sole thickness in the instability region (3) and/or in the medial outer area (6) and/or in the lateral outer area (7) decreases constantly in the medial and/or in the lateral direction towards the outside and preferably with a constant gradient or a constant curvature.
13. A shoe, in particular a training shoe for coordination training and for strengthening the muscles, with a sole (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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