EP2542393A1 - Matériaux lignocellulosiques ayant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques - Google Patents

Matériaux lignocellulosiques ayant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques

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Publication number
EP2542393A1
EP2542393A1 EP11707371A EP11707371A EP2542393A1 EP 2542393 A1 EP2542393 A1 EP 2542393A1 EP 11707371 A EP11707371 A EP 11707371A EP 11707371 A EP11707371 A EP 11707371A EP 2542393 A1 EP2542393 A1 EP 2542393A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
wood
formaldehyde
lignocellulose
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11707371A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maxim Peretolchin
Günter Scherr
Stephan WEINKÖTZ
Frank Braun
Olaf Kriha
Benjamin Nehls
Michael Schmidt
Michael Finkenauer
Jürgen von Auenmüller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to EP11707371A priority Critical patent/EP2542393A1/fr
Publication of EP2542393A1 publication Critical patent/EP2542393A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/005—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and foam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/224—Surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/236—Forming foamed products using binding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/06—Polystyrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
    • C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/036—Use of an organic, non-polymeric compound to impregnate, bind or coat a foam, e.g. fatty acid ester
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/038—Use of an inorganic compound to impregnate, bind or coat a foam, e.g. waterglass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2461/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2479/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2461/00 - C08J2477/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/21—Urea; Derivatives thereof, e.g. biuret
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
    • C08L25/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08L61/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
    • C08L61/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
    • C08L79/02—Polyamines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L91/06—Waxes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a lignocellulose-containing substance in which, in each case based on the lignocellulose-containing substance:
  • a binder selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups and optionally
  • component B) contains a formaldehyde scavenger.
  • the present invention relates to a process for producing a multilayered lignocellulosic material, the lignocellulosic material, a multilayered lignocellulosic material and the use of a lignocellulosic material or a multilayer lignocellulosic material, each as defined in the claims.
  • Lignocellulosic materials for example wood-based materials, in particular multilayer wood-based materials, are a cost-effective and resource-saving alternative to solid wood and have gained great importance in particular in furniture construction, in laminate flooring and as building materials.
  • starting materials are usually wood particles of different strengths, eg. As wood chips or wood fibers from different woods. Such wood particles are usually pressed with natural and / or synthetic binders and optionally with the addition of further additives to plate or strand-shaped wood materials.
  • lignocellulosic materials for example wood-based materials
  • wood-based materials The preparation of such lignocellulosic materials, for example wood-based materials, is known and described for example in M. Dunky, P. Niemz, wood materials and glues, Springer 2002, pages 91-155.
  • lignocellulose particles for example wood chips or wood fibers
  • binders for example aminoplast resins, or phenolic treated formaldehyde resins and compacted at elevated temperature in a press and cured.
  • the corresponding shaped bodies for example chipboard or fiberboard, can emit formaldehyde.
  • Formaldehyde is undesirable in the environment. Its emission, for example from wood-based materials, should therefore be reduced as far as possible or even completely prevented.
  • the formaldehyde-containing binders are usually admixed with a so-called formaldehyde scavenger, for example chemical compounds having amine or amide groups or sulfur groups, which combine with formaldehyde and thus reduce or prevent the emission of formaldehyde.
  • formaldehyde scavenger for example chemical compounds having amine or amide groups or sulfur groups, which combine with formaldehyde and thus reduce or prevent the emission of formaldehyde.
  • formaldehyde scavenger for example chemical compounds having amine or amide groups or sulfur groups
  • lignocellulose materials with improved mechanical properties, for example improved transverse tensile strength and lower water absorption or swelling values are sought. Also, such wood materials should have the lowest possible formaldehyde emission.
  • DE 20 2007 017 713 U1 describes a weight-reduced chipboard by combining wood chips and uniformly distributed foamed polystyrene beads in the middle layer of the chipboard.
  • the polystyrene can be used as a carrier of additives such as formaldehyde scavengers, accelerators and flame retardants.
  • the accelerators added to the polystyrene can have a positive effect on the process speed.
  • Formaldehyde scavengers, accelerators and flame retardants are generically named.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing, substances and lignocellulosic materials, preferably wood-based materials with improved mechanical properties and low water absorption and swelling values but still good processing properties, such as conventional wood materials of the same density but which have a reduced or even have virtually no formaldehyde emission.
  • the object was achieved by a process for producing a lignocellulose-containing substance, in which, in each case based on the lignocellulose-containing substance:
  • a binder selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups and optionally
  • component D) mixing additives and then pressed under elevated temperature and under elevated pressure, characterized in that component B) contains a formaldehyde scavenger.
  • lignocellulose lignocellulose particles or lignocellulose-containing substance are known in the art.
  • Lignocellulosic material, lignocellulosic particles or lignocellulosic particles are, for example, straw or wood parts such as wood plies, wood strips, wood chips, wood fibers or wood dust, with wood chips, wood fibers and wood dust being preferred.
  • the lignocellulose-containing particles or lignocellulose particles may also be derived from wood fiber-containing plants, such as flax, hemp. Starting materials for wood parts or wood particles are usually foundry woods, industrial lumber and used wood as well as wood fiber-containing plants.
  • lignocellulose-containing particles such as wood particles
  • known methods see for example M. Dunky, P. Niemt, wood materials and glues, pp. 91-156, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, 2002.
  • Preferred lignocellulose-containing particles are wood particles, more preferably wood chips and wood fibers, such as those used for the production of chipboard, MDF and HDF boards.
  • Highly suitable lignocellulose-containing particles are also flax or hemp particles, particularly preferably flax or hemp fibers, as can be used for the production of MDF and HDF boards.
  • the lignocellulosic, preferably wood-containing substance may contain the usual small amounts of water (in a usual small fluctuation range); This water is not included in the weight of the present application.
  • the weight specification of the lignocellulose particles, preferably wood particles refers to lignocellulose particles dried in a conventional manner known to the person skilled in the art, preferably wood particles.
  • the weight specification of the binder relates to the solids content of the corresponding component (determined by evaporation of the water at 120 ° C., within 2 h, for example, Günter Zeppenfeld, Dirk Grunwald, Klebstoffe in der Holz- and furniture industry, 2nd edition, DRW-Verlag, page 268) and with regard to the isocyanate, in particular the PMDI, on the isocyanate component per se, that is, for example, without solvent or emulsifying.
  • the lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing substances according to the invention can have any desired density.
  • higher density lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing materials according to the invention have an average density in the range of at least 600 to 900 kg / m 3 , preferably 600 to 850 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably 600 to 800 kg / m 3 .
  • low-density lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing substances according to the invention have a mean density in the range from 200 to 600 kg / m 3 , preferably 300 to 600 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably 350 to 500 kg / m 3 .
  • multilayer lignocellulosic materials preferably multilayer Holzwerk- materials are all materials that are made of wood veneer, preferably with an average density of the wood veneer from 0.4 to 0.85 g / cm 3 , are made, for example, veneer or plywood or Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL).
  • VLL Laminated Veneer Lumber
  • multilayered lignocellulosic materials preferably multilayer Holzwerk- substances are preferably all materials, which are made of Lignocelluloses Georg- nen, preferably wood chips, preferably with an average density of the wood chips from 0.4 to 0.85 g / cm 3 , for example chipboard or OSB boards, as well as wood fiber materials such as LDF, MDF and HDF boards. Particleboard and fiberboard, in particular chipboard, are preferred.
  • the average density of the lignocellulose particles, preferably the wood particles of component A) is generally 0.4 to 0.85 g / cm 3 , preferably 0.4 to 0.75 g / cm 3 , in particular 0.4 to 0.6 g / cm 3 .
  • Ash, chestnut or fir wood preferably spruce and / or beech wood, especially spruce wood.
  • the dimensions of the lignocellulose particles; preferably wood particles are not critical and, as usual, depend on the lignocellulose material to be produced, preferably wood-based material, for example the abovementioned wood-based materials, such as chipboard, MDF, HDF or OSB.
  • Component B) are expanded plastic particles, preferably expanded thermoplastic plastic particles which contain a formaldehyde scavenger.
  • Formaldehyde scavengers are understood as meaning all chemical compounds of any molecular weight which as a rule have a free electron pair which reacts chemically with the formaldehyde, ie binds the formaldehyde chemically, generally virtually irreversibly.
  • Such lone pairs of electrons can be found, for example, on the following functional groups of organic or inorganic compounds: primary, secondary and tertiary amino group, hydroxyl group, sulfite group, amides, imines, imides.
  • a preferred group of formaldehyde scavengers is that which contains chemical compounds of any molecular weight, the chemical compounds containing at least one N atom with at least one free pair of electrons, for example: ammonia, urea, melamine, organic C 1 -C 10 amines, polymers containing at least carry an amino group, such as polyamines, polyimines, polyureas, poly-lysines, polyvinylamine, polyethylenimine.
  • formaldehyde scavengers are sulfur-containing salts such as alkali metal sulfite, for example sodium sulfite; Alkali metal thiosulfate, for example sodium thiosulfate or salts of organic sulfur compounds, for example thiocarboxylates.
  • Component B is usually prepared as follows:
  • a well-suited embodiment of variant I is the preparation of the plastic particles on which the component B is based, in an extruder, wherein the formaldehyde scavenger is additionally metered into the extruder, so that after the extrusion Ons intimid a peribular expandable co-extrudate made of plastic and formaldehyde scavenger is present.
  • This coextrudate in its expandable form as well as preferably in its expanded form, can furthermore be brought into contact with a hardener for the binder C), analogously to what is described below for formaldehyde scavengers.
  • Hardeners for the binder C are to be understood as meaning all chemical compounds of any molecular weight which bring about or accelerate the polycondensation of aminoplast resin or phenolformaldehyde resin.
  • a well-suited group of curing agents for aminoplast resin or phenol-formaldehyde resin are organic acids, inorganic acids, acidic salts of organic acids and acidic salts of inorganic acids such as ammonium salts or acidic salts of organic amines.
  • the components of this group can of course also be used in mixtures.
  • a preferred group of curing agents for aminoplast resin or phenol-formaldehyde resin are inorganic or organic acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, formic acid, acetic acid and polymers having acid groups such as homo- or copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or maleic acid.
  • variant (II) is used.
  • Formaldehyde scavengers I which adhere to the plastic particles underlying the component B), are usually brought into contact, either in bulk or else in a diluent, for example water and / or organic solvents, dissolved or suspended with the plastic particles on which the component B) is based.
  • the adhesion of the formaldehyde scavengers I) to the plastic particles underlying component B) is achieved, for example, by the intrinsic adhesive properties of the formaldehyde scavengers I) or by thickening, polymerizing or polycondensing the formaldehyde scavengers during or after the said contacting and, for example Harden.
  • formaldehyde scavengers I are those substances which can form a layer, preferably a solid non-adhesive layer, on the plastic particles underlying the component B), for example amines or ureas solid at room temperature and derivatives thereof, furthermore polyamines, such as polyvinylamine, polyimines such as polyethylenimine, and polyureas as well as solid reaction products of melamine and / or urea with amines, for example those as described in WO2009080787 or in WO2008148766, to which reference is expressly made.
  • Formaldehyde scavengers II which do not adhere to the plastic particles underlying the component B) are usually combined with an adhesive.
  • formaldehyde scavengers II are generally crystalline low molecular weight organic substances such as urea or sulfur-containing salts such as alkali metal sulfite, for example sodium sulfite; Alkali metal thiosulfate, for example sodium thiosulfate.
  • the following components can be used alone or in combination with each other, wherein the mixing ratios are not critical.
  • the polymers may optionally contain from 1 to 5% by weight of comonomers, such as
  • the polymers of the adhesives are preferably composed of one or more of the monomers styrene, butadiene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, C 1-4 -alkyl acrylates, C 1-4 -alkyl methacrylates, acrylamide, methacrylamide and methylolacrylamide.
  • adhesives for the formaldehyde scavengers II are in particular acrylate resins, more preferably in the form of the aqueous polymer dispersion.
  • adhesives for the formaldehyde scavengers II it is also possible to use resins such as amino resins, polyurethanes, alkyd resins, and other resins which are used, for example, in paints or in paints and can form a stable layer.
  • the abovementioned adhesives are usually brought into contact, in bulk or in a diluent, for example water and / or organic solvents, dissolved or suspended with the formaldehyde scavengers II) or the formaldehyde scavengers II).
  • a diluent for example water and / or organic solvents, dissolved or suspended with the formaldehyde scavengers II) or the formaldehyde scavengers II).
  • the preparation of the adhesive polymer dispersion or suspension takes place in a manner known per se, for example by emulsion, suspension or dispersion polymerization, preferably in the aqueous phase.
  • the polymer can also be prepared by solution or mass polymerization, optionally divided and the polymer particles subsequently dispersed in water in the usual way.
  • Suitable polymer dispersions are obtainable, for example, by free-radical emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, such as styrene, acrylates or methacrylates, as described in WO 00/50480. Particular preference is given to pure acrylates or styrene-acrylates which are synthesized from the monomers styrene, n-butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylic acid, acrylamide or methylolacrylamide.
  • ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, acrylates or methacrylates
  • urea sulfur-containing salts, such as alkali metal sulfite, for example sodium sulfite; Alkali metal thiosulphate, for example sodium thiosulphate as formaldehyde scavenger II) and an aqueous dispersion of a polymer based on: acrylic esters and styrene, for example ACRONAL® S 305 D from BASF SE, as an adhesive for formaldehyde scavengers II).
  • alkali metal sulfite for example sodium sulfite
  • Alkali metal thiosulphate for example sodium thiosulphate as formaldehyde scavenger II
  • an aqueous dispersion of a polymer based on: acrylic esters and styrene for example ACRONAL® S 305 D from BASF SE, as an adhesive for formaldehyde scavengers II).
  • formaldehyde scavengers I can be used as an adhesive for formaldehyde scavengers II).
  • the contacting can be done by the usual methods, for example by spraying, dipping, wetting or tumbling of the component B) underlying plastic particles with, optionally dissolved or suspended, other components, namely formaldehyde scavengers I) and / or formaldehyde scavengers II) and or adhesive described above.
  • the component B) underlying plastic particles are usually as they are, ie as a solid, before.
  • the content of formaldehyde scavenger in and / or on component B) is usually in the range from 0.5 to 100% by weight of formaldehyde scavenger, preferably in the range from 1 to 80% by weight, more preferably in the range from 5 to 40 % By weight of formaldehyde scavengers, in each case based on component B).
  • the expanded plastic particles on which the component B) is based are usually obtained as follows: Compact plastic particles which contain an expansible medium (also called “blowing agent”) are expanded by the action of heat energy or pressure change (often also referred to as “foamed”). Here, the propellant expands, the particles increase in size and cell structures arise.
  • an expansible medium also called “blowing agent”
  • the propellant expands, the particles increase in size and cell structures arise.
  • prefoamers This expansion is generally carried out in conventional frothing devices, often referred to as "prefoamers.” Such prefouchers may be stationary or mobile.
  • the expansion can be carried out in one or more stages. As a rule, in the single-stage process, the expandable plastic particles are readily expanded to the desired final size.
  • the expandable plastic particles are first expanded to an intermediate size and then expanded in one or more further stages over a corresponding number of intermediate sizes to the desired final size.
  • expandable plastic particles in contrast to the expanded plastic particles, generally contain no cell structures.
  • the expanded plastic particles usually have, if at all, only a small content of propellant.
  • the resulting expanded plastic particles can be stored temporarily or used without further intermediate steps for the preparation of the component B) according to the invention, as described above.
  • Suitable polymers which underlie the expandable or expanded plastic particles are all polymers, preferably thermoplastic polymers, which can be foamed. These are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • polystyrene polymers are, for example, polyketones, polysulfones, polyoxymethylene, PVC (hard and soft), polycarbonates, polyisocyanurates, polycarbodiimides, polyacrylimides and polymethacrylimides, polyamides, polyurethanes, aminoplast resins and phenolic resins, styrene homopolymers (also referred to below as "polystyrene”). or "styrene polymer”), styrene copolymers, C 2 -C 10 -olefin homopolymers, C 2 -ol-olefin copolymers and polyesters.
  • the expanded plastic particles of component B) have a bulk density of from 10 to 150 kg / m 3 , preferably from 30 to 100 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably from 40 to 80 kg / m 3 , in particular from 50 to 70 kg / m 3 .
  • the bulk density is usually determined by weighing a volume filled with the bulk material.
  • Expanded plastic particles B) are generally used in the form of spheres or beads having an average diameter of advantageously 0.25 to 10 mm, preferably 0.4 to 8.5 mm, in particular 0.4 to 7 mm.
  • Expanded plastic particle balls B) advantageously have a small surface area per volume, for example in the form of a spherical or elliptical particle.
  • the expanded plastic particle balls B) are advantageously closed-cell.
  • the off-set to DIN-ISO 4590 is usually less than 30%.
  • component B) consists of different types of polymers, ie polymer types which are based on different monomers (for example polystyrene and polyethylene or polystyrene and homopolypropylene or polyethylene and homo-polypropylene), these may be present in different weight ratios, which, however, according to the current state of knowledge, are not critical.
  • the polymers preferably the thermoplastics which underlie the expandable or expanded plastic particles B
  • customary additives for example UV stabilizers, antioxidants, coating agents, water repellents, nucleating agents, plasticizers, flame retardants, soluble and insoluble inorganic and / or organic dyes , Pigments, and athermane particles, such as carbon black, graphite or aluminum powder, are added together or spatially separated as additives.
  • blowing agents for expanding the expandable plastic particles it is possible to use all blowing agents known to the person skilled in the art, for example aliphatic C 3 - to C 10 -hydrocarbons, such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane-cyclo-pentane and / or hexane and its isomers, Alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers or halogenated hydrocarbons.
  • aliphatic C 3 - to C 10 -hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane-cyclo-pentane and / or hexane and its isomers, Alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers or halogenated hydrocarbons.
  • the content of blowing agent in the expandable plastic particles is generally in the range of 0.01 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 4 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, in each case based on the propellant-containing expandable plastic particles.
  • styrene homopolymer also referred to herein simply as “polystyrene”
  • polystyrene styrene copolymer
  • Such polystyrene and / or styrene copolymer can be prepared by all known in the art polymerization process, see, for. Ullmann's Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2000 Electronic Release or Kunststoff-Handbuch 1996, Volume 4 "Polystyrene", pages 567 to 598.
  • the production of the expandable polystyrene and / or styrene copolymer is generally carried out in a conventional manner by suspension polymerization or by extrusion.
  • suspension polymerization styrene, optionally with the addition of further comonomers in aqueous suspension, is polymerized in the presence of a customary suspension stabilizer by means of free-radical-forming catalysts.
  • the propellant and, if appropriate, further customary additives may be introduced during the polymerization or may be added to the batch in the course of the polymerization or after the end of the polymerization.
  • the resulting peribular, impregnated with blowing agent, expandable styrene polymers are separated after the polymerization from the aqueous phase, washed, dried and sieved.
  • the blowing agent is mixed for example via an extruder in the polymer, conveyed through a nozzle plate and granulated under pressure to particles or strands.
  • blowing agents known to the person skilled in the art and already mentioned above, for example aliphatic C 3 - to C 10 -hydrocarbons, such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, Neopentane cyclo-pentane and / or hexane and its isomers, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers or halogenated carbon Hydrogens.
  • aliphatic C 3 - to C 10 -hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, Neopentane cyclo-pentane and / or hexane and its isomers, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers or halogenated carbon Hydrogens.
  • the propellant is preferably selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane and cyclopentane. Particularly preferred is a commercial pentane isomer mixture of n-pentane and iso-pentane.
  • the content of blowing agent in the expandable polystyrene or styrene copolymer is generally in the range of 0.01 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 4 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0 , 5 to 3.5 wt .-%, each based on the propellant-containing expandable polystyrene or styrene copolymer.
  • the content of C3 to Cio hydrocarbons as blowing agent in the expandable polystyrene or styrene copolymer is generally in the range of 0.01 to 7% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 4 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 4 wt. -%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3.5 wt .-%, each based on the blowing agent-containing expandable polystyrene or styrene copolymer.
  • the content of blowing agent selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane and cyclopentane, in the expandable polystyrene or Styrolcopoly- merisat is generally in the range of 0.01 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 4 % By weight, preferably from 0.1 to 4% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 3.5% by weight, in each case based on the blowing agent-containing expandable polystyrene or styrene copolymer.
  • the content of blowing agent selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, isopentane, neopentane and cyclopentane in the expandable polystyrene is generally in the range of 0.01 to 7 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 4 wt .-% preferably 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3.5 wt .-%, each, based on the blowing agent-containing expandable polystyrene.
  • the preferred or particularly preferred expandable styrene polymers or expandable styrene copolymers described above have a relatively low content of blowing agent. Such polymers are also referred to as "low blowing agent.”
  • low blowing agent A well-suited process for producing low-blowing expandable polystyrene or expandable styrene copolymer is described in US 5,112,875, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the styrene polymers or styrene copolymers may also contain customary additives, for example UV stabilizers, antioxidants, coating compositions, water repellents, nucleating agents, plasticizers, flame retardants, soluble and insoluble inorganic and / or organic dyes, pigments, and athermanes Particles, such as carbon black, graphite or aluminum powder, are added together or spatially separated as additives.
  • customary additives for example UV stabilizers, antioxidants, coating compositions, water repellents, nucleating agents, plasticizers, flame retardants, soluble and insoluble inorganic and / or organic dyes, pigments, and athermanes Particles, such as carbon black, graphite or aluminum powder, are added together or spatially separated as additives.
  • styrene copolymers can also be used.
  • these styrene copolymers have at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, of copolymerized styrene.
  • comonomers come z.
  • a-methyl styrene ring halogenated styrenes, acrylonitrile, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid of alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, N-vinylcarbazole, maleic acid (anhydride), (meth) acrylamides and / or vinyl acetate into consideration.
  • the polystyrene and / or styrene copolymer in copolymerized form contain a small amount of a chain splitter, d. H. a compound with more than one, preferably two double bonds, such as divinylbenzene, butadiene and / or butanediol diacrylate.
  • the branching agent is generally used in amounts of from 0.0005 to 0.5 mol%, based on styrene.
  • Mixtures of different styrene (co) polymers can also be used.
  • styrene homopolymers or styrene copolymers are glass clear polystyrene (GPPS), impact polystyrene (HIPS), anionically polymerized polystyrene or impact polystyrene (A-IPS), styrene- ⁇ -methylstyrene copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN ), Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic esters (ASA), methyl acrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS), methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (MABS) polymers or mixtures thereof or with polyphenylene ether (PPE).
  • GPPS glass clear polystyrene
  • HIPS impact polystyrene
  • A-IPS anionically polymerized polystyrene or impact poly
  • styrene homopolymer having a molecular weight in the range from 70,000 to 400,000 g / mol, particularly preferably 190,000 to 400,000 g / mol, very particularly preferably 210,000 to 400,000 g / mol.
  • the expandable styrene homopolymers or expandable styrene copolymers are expanded by heating to temperatures above their softening point, for example with hot air or preferably with steam and / or pressure change ( often also referred to as "foamed"), as described for example in Kunststoff Handbuch 1996, Volume 4 "Polystyrene", Hanser 1996, pages 640 to 673 or US 5,112,875.
  • the expandable polystyrene or expandable styrene copolymer is usually in a manner known per se by suspension polymerization or by extrusion process as described above.
  • the propellant expands, the polymer particles increase in size and cell structures are formed.
  • prefoamers This expansion is generally carried out in conventional frothing devices, often referred to as "prefoamers.” Such prefouchers may be stationary or mobile.
  • the expansion can be carried out in one or more stages.
  • the expandable polystyrene particles or expandable styrene copolymer particles are readily expanded to the desired final size.
  • the polystyrene particles or expandable styrene copolymer particles are first expanded to an intermediate size and then expanded in one or more further stages over a corresponding number of intermediate sizes to the desired final size.
  • the expansion is carried out in one stage.
  • the expandable polystyrene particles (styrene homopolymer particles) or expandable styrene copolymer particles generally contain no cell structures, in contrast to the expanded polystyrene particles or expanded styrene copolymer particles.
  • the content of blowing agent in the expanded polystyrene or expanded Styrolcopoly- merisat, preferably styrene homopolymer, is generally in the range of 0 to 5.5 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 3 wt .-%, preferably 0 to 2.5 parts by weight. %, particularly preferably 0 to 2 wt .-%, each based on the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer.
  • 0 wt .-% means herein that no propellant can be detected by the usual detection method.
  • expanded polystyrene particles or expanded styrenic copolymer particles may be further used without or with further blowing agent reduction measures to produce the lignocellulosic material.
  • the expanded polystyrene particles or expanded styrene copolymer particles thus obtained are preferably used further without further intermediate steps for the preparation of component B) according to the invention, as described above.
  • the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer advantageously has a bulk density of from 10 to 100 kg / m 3 , preferably from 45 to 100 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably from 45 to 80 kg / m 3 , in particular from 50 to 70 kg / m 3 .
  • the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer is advantageously used in the form of spheres or beads having an average diameter in the range of 0.25 to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 1 to 8.5 mm, in particular in the range of 1, 2 to 7 mm ,
  • the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer spheres advantageously have a small surface area per volume, for example in the form of a spherical or elliptical particle.
  • the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer spheres are advantageously closed-cell.
  • the off-set to DIN-ISO 4590 is usually less than 30%.
  • the expandable polystyrene or expandable styrene copolymer or the expanded polystyrene or expanded styrene copolymer has an antistatic coating.
  • the expanded plastic particles B) are usually after pressing to lignocellulosic material, preferably wood material, preferably multilayer lignocellulosic material, more preferably multilayer wood material, in a virtually unmelted state before. This means that the plastic particles B) have generally not penetrated into the lignocellulosic particles or have impregnated them, but are distributed between the lignocellulosic particles. Usually, the plastic particles B) can be separated from the lignocellulose by physical methods, for example after comminution of the lignocellulose material.
  • the total amount of expanded plastic particles B), based on the lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing material, is in the range from 1 to 25 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably 5 to 15 wt .-%.
  • the total amount of the expanded plastic particles B) with polystyrene and / or styrene copolymer as sole plastic particle component, based on the ligno-cellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing material, is in the range of 1 to 25% by weight, preferably 3 to 20% by weight. , particularly preferably 5 to 15 wt .-%. It has proved advantageous to tune the dimensions of the above-described expanded plastic particles B) to the lignocellulose particles, preferably wood particles A) or vice versa. This tuning is expressed below by the relationship of the respective d'values (from the Rosin-Rammler-Sperling-Bennet function) of the lignocellulose particles, preferably wood particles A) and the expanded plastic particles B).
  • the Rossin-Rammler-Sperling-Bennet function is described, for example, in DIN 66145.
  • sieve analyzes are first carried out to determine the particle size distribution of the expanded plastic particles B) and lignocellulose particles, preferably wood particles A) in analogy to DIN 66165, parts 1 and 2.
  • Highly suitable lignocellulose particles preferably wood particles A
  • lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing substances or multilayered lignocellulosic materials, preferably multilayer wood-based materials are obtained if the following relationship applies to the d'values according to Rosin-Rammler-Sperling-Bennet of the lignocellulose particles, preferably wood particles A) and the particles of the expanded plastic particles B) : d 'of the particles A) ⁇ 2.5 ⁇ d' of the particles B), preferably d 'of the particles A) ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ d' of the particles B), particularly preferred d 'of the particles A) ⁇ 1, 5 ⁇ d' of the particles B), very particularly preferably d 'of the particles A) ⁇ d' of the particles B).
  • the binder C) is selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups. These components in the present application relate to the absolute and percentage amounts with respect to the component C).
  • the binder C) may contain, in addition to component B), the hardener known to those skilled in the art.
  • aminoplasts or phenolformaldehyde resins in the usual, small amounts, for example in the range of 0.1 wt .-% to 3 wt .-%, based on the total amount of aminoplast resin or phenol-formaldehyde resin in the binder C) ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate or inorganic or organic acids, for example, sulfuric acid, formic acid, or acid regenerating substances, such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate.
  • ammonium sulfate or ammonium nitrate or inorganic or organic acids for example, sulfuric acid, formic acid, or acid regenerating substances, such as aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate.
  • Phenol-formaldehyde resins are known to the person skilled in the art, see, for example, Kunststoff-Handbuch, 2nd edition, Hanser 1988, Volume 10 "Duroplastics", pages 12 to 40.
  • aminoplast resin polycondensation of compounds with at least one, optionally partially substituted with organic radicals, carbamide group (the carbamide group is also called carboxamide) and an aldehyde, preferably formaldehyde, understood.
  • aminoplast resins As a suitable aminoplast resin, all of the specialist, preferably known for the production of wood materials, aminoplast resins can be used. Such resins and their preparation are described, for example, in Ullmann's Enzyklopadie der ischen Chemie, 4th, revised and expanded edition, Verlag Chemie, 1973, pages 403 to 424 "Aminoplasts” and Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Vol. A2, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, 1985, Pages 1 15 to 141 "Amino Resins” as well as in M. Dunky, P. Niemz, wood materials and glues, Springer 2002, pages 251 to 259 (UF resins) and pages 303 to 313 (MUF and UF with a small amount of melamine) ,
  • Preferred aminoplast resins are polycondensation products of compounds having at least one carbamide group and formaldehyde, which are also partially substituted by organic radicals.
  • Particularly preferred aminoplast resins are urea-formaldehyde resins (UF resins), melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF resins) or melamine-containing urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF resins).
  • Especially preferred amino resins are urea-formaldehyde resins, for example Kaurit ® glue types from BASF SE.
  • very preferred aminoplast resins are polycondensation products of compounds having at least one, also partially substituted with organic radicals, amino group and aldehyde, wherein the molar ratio of aldehyde: optionally partially substituted with organic radicals amino group in the range of 0.3 to 1, 0 preferred 0.3 to 0.60, more preferably 0.3 to 0.45, most preferably 0.30 to 0.40.
  • very preferred aminoplast resins are polycondensation products of compounds having at least one amino group -IMH 2 and formaldehyde, wherein the molar ratio of formaldehyde: -NH 2 group in the range of 0.3 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 0.60, particularly preferably 0 , 3 to 0.45, most preferably 0.30 to 0.40.
  • aminoplast resins are urea-formaldehyde resins (UF resins), melamine-formaldehyde resins (MF resins) or melamine-containing urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF resins), wherein the molar ratio of formaldehyde: -IMH2 group in the range of 0.3 to 1, 0, preferably 0.3 to 0.60, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.45, very particularly preferably 0.30 to 0.40.
  • UF resins urea-formaldehyde resins
  • MF resins melamine-formaldehyde resins
  • MMF resins melamine-containing urea-formaldehyde resins
  • very preferred aminoplast resins are urea-formaldehyde resins (UF resins), wherein the molar ratio of formaldehyde: -NH2 group in the range of 0.3 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 0.60, particularly preferably 0.3 to 0.45, most preferably 0.30 to 0.40.
  • UF resins urea-formaldehyde resins
  • the said aminoplast resins are usually used in liquid form, usually suspended in a liquid suspending agent, preferably in aqueous suspension, but may also be used as a solid.
  • the solids content of the aminoplast resin suspensions, preferably aqueous suspension is usually from 25 to 90% by weight, preferably from 50 to
  • the solids content of the aminoplast resin in aqueous suspension can be determined according to Günter Zeppenfeld, Dirk Grunwald, adhesives in the wood and furniture industry, 2nd edition, DRW-Verlag, page 268.
  • To determine the solids content of aminoplast glues 1 g of aminoplast glue is weighed exactly into a weighing dish. finely distributed on the ground and dried for 2 hours at 120 ° C in a drying oven. After tempering to room temperature in a desiccator, the residue is weighed and calculated as a percentage of the initial weight.
  • aminoplast resins are by known methods (see above U-II man literature “aminoplasts” and “Amino Resins”, as well as above-mentioned literature Dunky et al.) By reacting the carbamido-containing compounds, preferably urea and / or melamine, with the aldehydes, preferably formaldehyde, in the desired molar ratios of carbamide group: aldehyde, preferably in water as solvent.
  • aldehyde preferably formaldehyde: optionally partially substituted with organic radicals amino group
  • NH 2 group-carrying monomers are preferably urea, melamine, more preferably urea.
  • the resin components of the binder C) can be used alone, for example, aminoplast resin as the sole resin component of the binder C) or organic isocyanate as the sole resin component of the binder C) or PF resin as the sole component of the binder C).
  • the resin components of the binder C) can also be used as a combination of two or more resin components of the binder C), preferably these combinations contain an aminoplast resin and / or phenol-formaldehyde resin.
  • the total amount of the binder C), based on the wood-containing material, is in the range of 1 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 15 wt .-%, particularly preferably 3 to 10 wt .-%.
  • the total amount of the aminoplast resin (always based on the solid), preferably the urea-formaldehyde resin and / or melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin and / or melamine-formaldehyde resin, particularly preferably urea-formaldehyde resin, in the binder C), based on the lignocellulose-containing gene, preferably wood-containing material in the range of 1 to 45 wt .-%, preferably 4 to 14 wt .-%, particularly preferably 6 to 9 wt .-%.
  • the total amount of the organic isocyanate preferably of the oligomeric isocyanate having 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 8 monomer units and an average of at least one isocyanate group per monomer unit, more preferably PMDI, in the binder C), based on the lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing Substance in the range of 0 to 5 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 3.5 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 1, 5 wt .-%.
  • lignocellulose-containing, preferably wood-containing material or multilayer lignocellulosic material according to the invention preferably multilayer wood material, further commercially available additives known to the person skilled in the art as component D), for example water repellents, such as paraffin emulsions, fungicides, formaldehyde scavengers, for Example urea or polyamines, and flame retardants.
  • the present invention further relates to a process for producing a multi-layered lignocellulosic material containing at least three layers, wherein either only the middle layer or at least a part of the middle layers contains a lignocellulose-containing substance as defined above or the middle one
  • At least one further layer comprises a lignocellulose-containing substance as defined above, wherein the components for the individual layers are stacked and pressed under elevated temperature and elevated pressure.
  • the average density of the multilayer, preferably of the three-layered, lignocellulose material according to the invention, preferably wood material according to the invention is generally not critical.
  • higher density multi-layered, preferably inventive three-layer, lignocellulosic materials according to the invention preferably wood-based materials
  • low-density multilayer, preferably inventive, three-layer, lignocellulosic materials according to the invention, preferably wood-based materials usually have an average density in the range from 200 to 600 kg / m 3 , preferably 300 to 600 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably 350 to 500 kg / m 3 .
  • Middle layers in the sense of the invention are all layers that are not the outer layers.
  • At least one of the outer layers contains expanded plastic particles B. In another embodiment, at least one of the outer layers (commonly called “top layer (s)”) contains no expanded plastic particles B).
  • the outer layers (usually called “top layer (s)" contain no expanded plastic particles B).
  • the multilayer lignocellulosic material according to the invention preferably multilayer wood material, preferably contains three lignocellulosic layers, preferably wood pulp layers, wherein the outer cover layers are generally thinner overall than the inner layer (s).
  • the binder used for the outer layers is usually an aminoplast resin, for example urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF), melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF) or the binder C according to the invention.
  • the binder used for the outer layers is an aminoplast resin, more preferably a urea-formaldehyde resin, most preferably an aminoplast resin wherein the molar formaldehyde: -NH 2 group ratio is in the range of 0.3 to 1.0.
  • the thickness of the multilayered lignocellulose material according to the invention preferably multilayer wood material varies with the field of application and is generally in the range of 0.5 to 100 mm; preferably in the range of 10 to 40 mm, in particular 15 to 20 mm.
  • the chips After cutting the wood, the chips are dried. Thereafter, if necessary, coarse and fines are removed. The remaining chips are going through Seven or views sorted in the air stream.
  • the coarser material is used for the middle layer, the coarser material for the cover layers.
  • Middle layer and outer layer chips are separated from each other with components B) (only middle layer (s) or middle layer (s) and at least one outer layer), C) (same or different for middle layer (s) and outer layers)) and optionally D) (Middle layer and / or outer layers) glues, or mixed and then scattered.
  • the cover layer material is scattered on the forming belt, then the middle layer material - containing the components B), C) and optionally D) - and finally once more cover layer material.
  • the three-layer chip cake thus produced is precompressed cold (usually at room temperature) and then pressed hot.
  • the pressing can be carried out by all methods known to the person skilled in the art. Usually, the wood particle cake is pressed at a press temperature of 150 ° C to 230 ° C to the desired thickness. The pressing time is normally 3 to 15 seconds per mm plate thickness. This gives a three-layer chipboard.
  • polystyrene 158 K BASF SE
  • sodium sulfite Na 2 SO 3 , BASF SE
  • polyethylene wax Liwax AH3, BASF SE
  • pentane a commercially available pentane isomer mixture of n-pentane and iso-pentane
  • the expandable particles obtained in A3.1.1) were treated with water vapor in a continuous conventional prefoamer.
  • a bulk density of 50 kg / m 3 of the expanded polystyrene particles was set.
  • polystyrene 158 K BASF SE
  • 20 parts by weight of anhydrous polyethyleneimine Liupasol G20, BASF SE
  • the resulting polymer melt was conveyed through a die plate and granulated.
  • the expandable particles obtained in A 3.2.2) were treated with water vapor in a continuous conventional prefoamer.
  • a bulk density of 50 kg / m 3 of the expanded polystyrene particles was set
  • Formaldehyde scavenger quantity determined by calculation on the basis of the quantities of substance used.
  • the glue used was Kaurit® glue KL 347 from BASF SE, a UF resin.
  • the glue was mixed with other components (see the following table) to a glue liquor.
  • the compositions of the aqueous sizing liquors for the top and middle layers are shown in the following table.
  • Coarse spruce chips optionally expanded polystyrene (prepared according to A2), A3), see also Table 1 above) were mixed in a mixer with the middle layer sizing liquor (according to Table 2 above) so that the amount of glue (as a solid) 8, 5 wt .-%, based on atro wood plus expanded polystyrene, was.
  • the amount of expanded polystyrene is based on the total amount of dry wood plus expanded polystyrene and is shown in Table 3.
  • the material for the production of a three-layer chipboard was spread in a 30 x 30 cm mold. In this case, first the cover layer material, then the middle layer material and finally the cover layer material was scattered. The total mass was chosen so that at the end of the pressing process, the desired density results in a desired thickness of 16 mm.
  • the Weight Ratio (Weight Ratio) Cover Layer Material: Middle Layer Material: Topcoat material was 17: 66: 17 in all runs.
  • the cover layer material used was the mixture described above under B2.2).
  • the middle layer material used was the mixture described above under B2.1). After spreading, at room temperature, ie "cold”, precompressed and then pressed in a hot press (pressing temperature 210 ° C, pressing time 210 s)
  • the density was determined 24 hours after production, according to DIN EN 1058.
  • the quantities always refer to the dry matter.
  • the dry wood or the sum of the dry wood and the component B) is set to 100 parts.
  • the wt .-% the sum of all dry constituents of the wood-containing material is equal to 100%.
  • Polystyrene without formaldehyde scavenger according to Example A1) serve for comparison.
  • Wood-based material with additive Addition of polystyenone Addition of component B according to rol without formaldehyde of component charge hydrogen (according to te B)

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une substance lignocellulosique. Selon l'invention, on mélange, en fonction de la substance lignocellulosique respective, A) de 30 à 95% en poids de particules de lignocellulose; B) de 1 à 25 % en poids de particules de plastique expansé, ayant une densité apparente de l'ordre de 10 à 150 kg/m3; C) de 1 à 50 % en poids d'un liant, choisi dans le groupe comprenant une résine aminoplastique, une résine de phénolformaldéhyde, et un isocyanate organique ayant au moins deux groupements isocyanates, et éventuellement D) des additifs, puis on comprime le tout à température élevée et à pression élevée. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le composant B) contient un capteur de formaldéhyde.
EP11707371A 2010-03-04 2011-02-22 Matériaux lignocellulosiques ayant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques Withdrawn EP2542393A1 (fr)

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