EP2537227A2

EP2537227A2 - Circuit assembly

Info

Publication number: EP2537227A2
Application number: EP11700808A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tim Schaefer
Original assignee: Li Tec Battery GmbH
Current assignee: Li Tec Battery GmbH
Priority date: 2010-02-15
Filing date: 2011-01-19
Publication date: 2012-12-26
Also published as: CN102754302A; WO2011098206A2; JP2013520146A; WO2011098206A3; US20130015818A1; BR112012020410A2; DE102010008010A1; KR20130009962A

Abstract

The invention relates to a circuit assembly (10), comprising a series connection of first and second battery units (11, 12), wherein first and second battery units (11, 12) are arranged alternately, a first inductive storage element (13), wherein in a primary phase first inputs (17) of the first battery units (11) can be connected to a first terminal (19) of the first inductive storage element (13) by means of a first switch assembly (16) and second inputs of the second battery units (18) can be connected to a second terminal (20) of the first inductive storage element (13) by means of the first switch assembly (15), a second inductive storage element (14) which is inductively coupled to the first inductive storage element (13), wherein in a secondary phase by means of a second switch assembly (16) a first terminal of the second inductive storage element (14) can be connected to a first or a second input and a second terminal of the second inductive storage element (14) can be connected to a second or a first input.

Description

circuitry

description

The invention relates to a circuit arrangement, in particular a

Circuit arrangement for exchanging electrical charge between

Battery units of a battery assembly, as well as a

Battery management system with such a circuit arrangement.

DE 10 2008 021 090 A1 shows a circuit arrangement for exchanging electrical charge between accumulators of an accumulator arrangement which has a number of accumulators connected in series. A charging current can be supplied to the accumulator arrangement. A discharge current can be taken from the accumulator arrangement. In this case, different charge states of individual accumulators within the

Accumulator occur. To compensate for such unequal

Charge states is in the circuit shown each

Accumulator assigned to an inductive storage element, wherein between the accumulator and the inductive storage element, a switching element is provided. A second inductive storage element is inductively coupled to the first inductive storage elements. In a first operating mode, the switching elements arranged between the first inductive storage elements and the associated accumulators are closed so that energy is taken from the accumulators which is transmitted to the second inductive storage element via the first inductive storage element. By appropriate closing of individual switching elements between the first inductive storage elements and the respective accumulators are arranged, the energy present in the second inductive storage element can be targeted to a single or even several

Accumulators are transmitted. Overall, this can be a

Shifting of energy from accumulators to other accumulators are made. This serves to balance the accumulators.

The present invention has for its object to provide an improved circuit arrangement for balancing battery units, in particular series-connected battery units.

The object underlying the invention is achieved by a

Circuit arrangement according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments emerge from the subclaims. According to the invention, a circuit arrangement is provided which has a

Series connection of first and second battery units, wherein first and second battery units are arranged alternately. The first and second battery units can each be identical. The difference between the first and second battery units is, as will be shown, mainly in the respective different interconnection. A

Battery unit may comprise one or more electrochemical cells.

Furthermore, a first inductive storage element is provided. In a

Primary phase are first inputs of the first battery units with a first terminal of the first inductive storage element via a first

Switch arrangement connectable. Second inputs of the second battery units can be connected to a second terminal of the first inductive storage element via the first switch arrangement. A second inductive storage element is provided, which is inductively coupled to the first inductive storage element. Under an inductive coupling is to be understood that a magnetic field and a magnetic flux of the one inductive Memory element can be transferred to the other inductive storage element. This can preferably be done by means of a transformer core. The first and the second inductive storage element can

Be part of a common transformer unit.

In a secondary phase, a first connection of the second inductive storage element with a first or a second input and a second connection of the second inductive storage element with a second or a first input can be connected by means of a second switch arrangement. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that due to the series connection of the

Battery units can represent an input of a battery unit at the same time an output of the series-connected battery unit. Thus, an input of a second battery unit can represent an output of a first battery unit and vice versa.

A battery unit preferably comprises an electrode stack which, as an assembly of a galvanic cell, also serves to store chemical energy and to deliver electrical energy. For this purpose, the electrode stack has a plurality of plate-shaped elements, at least two electrodes, namely an anode and a cathode, and a separator which at least partially receives the electrolyte. Preferably, at least one anode, a separator and a cathode are stacked or stacked, wherein the separator is at least partially disposed between the anode and the cathode. This sequence of anode, separator and cathode can be repeated as often as desired within the electrode stack. Preferably, the

plate-shaped elements wound into an electrode winding. In the following, the term "electrode stack" will also be used for electrode winding: Before the electrical energy is released, stored chemical energy is converted into electrical energy During charging, the electrical energy supplied to the electrode stack is converted into chemical energy and

stored. Preferably, the electrode stack has several Electrode pairs and separators on. Especially preferred are some

Electrodes are interconnected in particular electrically.

By means of the circuit arrangement according to the invention, it is possible to specifically remove energy from a battery unit and store it in particular in the first inductive storage element, specifically in magnetic form. This magnetic energy can then be transmitted through the inductive coupling to the second inductive storage element. Depending on the circuit of the second switch arrangement, the magnetic energy of the second inductive storage element can be transferred to first or second battery units. Depending on the position of the second switch arrangement, it is basically determined whether the magnetic energy is to be transferred to first or second battery units. After setting the first switch arrangement in the secondary phase, it can then be determined to which individual battery unit exactly this energy should be transmitted. It is advantageous that it is possible, a first and second inductive

Memory elements for the balancing process with respect to several

To use battery units. The provision of several inductive

Memory elements, which are each associated with only one battery unit, can be omitted, so that there may be a simplified structure.

By means of the circuit device according to the invention, differences in charge states between the battery units can be exchanged via a single transformer. The switch devices can be designed by MOSFETs. By targeted, micro-controller controlled actuation of these switch devices can be made any flow of energy from any battery unit to any other battery unit. Preferably, inputs of a battery unit are each directly connected to an output of a respective upstream battery unit, in particular, second inputs of second battery units are each directly with first outputs connected by first battery units. As a result, the circuit arrangement can be simplified. Switches of the switch arrangement, which serve to control the first battery units, can then also serve for interconnecting second battery units. Altogether thereby the number of the switches can be reduced and / or the structure of the

Circuit arrangement can be simplified.

Preferably, in this case, first inputs with first intermediate switches and second inputs with second intermediate switches can be connected to the first inductive

Memory element to be connected. The first and second

Intermediate switch are preferably identical and only to differentiate by their location within the circuit arrangement to the first and the second battery units. Here are the second intermediate switch with the second terminal and the first intermediate switch with the first

Connection of the first inductive storage element connectable. The first and second intermediate switches are part of the first switch arrangement.

In particular, the second switch arrangement serves to determine whether the energy, which may be stored in magnetic form in the first or second inductive storage element, is at first or at second

Battery units to be transferred. In other words, an input of a battery unit is converted to an output for the subsequent charging process via the second circuit arrangement. In this case, the second switch arrangement preferably has a third intermediate switch and a fourth intermediate switch, which may in particular also be formed by a one-piece switch. Depending on the position of these switches, a terminal of the memory element is connected to the inputs or the outputs of first or second battery units. Preferably, the second switch arrangement can also by fifth and sixth

Intermediate switches are added, which connect or disconnect the respective other terminal of the second inductive storage element with a corresponding input or output or a plurality of the battery units can. The third and the fifth or the fourth and the sixth intermediate switch can each preferably be switched synchronously with each other. The second switch arrangement preferably also serves in principle for the complete separation of the second inductive storage unit with all the inputs or outputs of the battery units.

Preferably, the first inductive storage element is preceded by a charging switch in series. This can in particular be connected directly in series with the first inductive storage element. This charging switch can lead to a fundamental disconnection of the first inductive

Memory element can be used by a circuit in which the first inductive storage element can be arranged. Anyone can do that

Current flow between the first inductive storage element and the

Battery units are preferably prevented, which is particularly important in the secondary phase.

The first inductive storage element and the second inductive storage element are preferably in the form of electromagnetic coils. In each case, the electromagnetic coils have a number of turns. A winding ratio Ni / N ₂ of turns of the first inductive

Memory element to turns of the second inductive storage element is preferably greater than or equal to 1, in particular slightly greater than 1, namely in particular between 1, 05 and 1, 5, in particular between 1, 05 and 1, 1. By this choice of Windungsverhältnis can

Efficiency losses balanced and charging to one

Target battery unit can be triggered, which can also have a lower voltage. Ohmic voltage drops at contact and transitional resistances can be overcome. Preferably, inputs, in particular all first and second

Inputs, connected to at least one voltage measuring device. About the voltage measuring device, the applied voltages to the individual battery units are determined or at least conclusions about the voltage to the individual battery units are drawn. The determined voltages can make conclusions about the charges stored in the battery units, as described in DE 10 2008 021 090 A1.

Preferably, the first and / or second inductive storage device is connected to a voltage measuring device. The

Voltage measuring device may preferably be connected directly to the two terminals of the first inductive storage device. The measurable voltage can draw conclusions about the inductive

Charge state of the respective inductive storage device are closed. This is advantageous to optimally energy from one

To remove battery unit for charging the inductive storage device, which in turn can be fed via the second inductive storage device of another battery unit. As a result, the efficiency of the circuit arrangement can be increased.

The invention further relates to a battery management system comprising a circuit arrangement of the aforementioned type.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures, in which: Fig. 1 shows schematically the state of charge of the battery units before initiating a balancing process;

FIG. 2 shows the circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention in a primary phase; FIG.

3 shows the circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention in a secondary phase; 4 shows the circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement according to the invention in an alternative secondary phase; Figure 1 shows schematically the state of charge of five battery units 11, 12, which are arranged in a battery arrangement with a plurality of battery units. The horizontal line marks the average

Charge state across all five battery units. It can be seen that the left battery unit 11 'has a higher state of charge than all others. The mean battery unit 11 "has a lower state of charge than all the other battery units, and in order to equalize the state of charge of all the battery units, it is necessary that the amount of charge on the left battery unit 11 is above the average to be transferred to the middle battery unit 11" becomes. This is realized by a circuit arrangement, which is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Figure 2 shows a circuit arrangement 10 according to the invention in one

Primary phase in which electrical energy from a battery unit 1 1 'is removed to supply this energy in a subsequent secondary phase of another battery unit 11 "

Circuit arrangement 10 comprises a plurality of battery units 11, 12 which are connected in series. An application circuit 25 is connected to the series connection of the battery units. This application circuit 25 may comprise electrical consumers, in particular all possible in a vehicle electrical consumers such as an electric motor for driving or the like. Further, a charging of the battery unit via the

Application circuit made. The first battery units 1 1 and second battery units 12 are structurally identical. Each battery unit 11, 12 is associated with an input 17, 18, wherein the first battery units 1 1 each have a first input 17 and the second battery units 12 each have a second input 18 is assigned. It can be seen that, as a rule, the inputs 18 of the second battery units 12 to the outputs of the first battery units 1 1 and the inputs 17 of the first battery units 11 correspond to the outputs of the second battery units 12, except for peripheral outer battery units. The inputs 17, 18 of the battery units are connected via a first switch arrangements 15 to terminals 19, 20 of a first inductive storage element 13. This is a first

Intermediate switch 21 of the first switch assembly 15 with a first

Connection 19 of the first inductive storage element 13 is connected. A second intermediate switch 22 of the first switch arrangement 15 is connected to a second connection 20 of the first inductive storage element 13. The circuit arrangement 10 is part of a battery management system 26.

FIG. 2 shows the circuit arrangement 10 in a primary phase, in which the excess energy from the left-hand battery unit 1 1 'is used to charge the first inductive storage element 13. In this case, the corresponding first and second intermediate switches 21, 22 on the left battery unit 1 1 'closed, so that a circuit is formed, which connects the left first battery unit 1 1' with the first inductive storage element 13. A charging switch 27, directly to the first inductive

Memory element 13 is connected upstream, is closed. All other switches of the circuit 10 shown are open.

FIG. 3 shows the circuit arrangement 10 according to FIG. 2 in a secondary phase following a primary phase shown with respect to FIG. It can be seen that the intermediate switches 21, 22, which connect the left first battery unit 11 'to the first inductive storage element 13, are open, so that this battery unit 1 1' is no longer connected in a common circuit to the first inductive storage element 13 , Rather, first and second intermediate switches 21, 22 are opened relative to the central battery unit 11 ', which is to be supplied with excess energy from the left-hand battery unit 11', as already explained with regard to Figure 2. It can also be seen that the charging switch 27 is open, so that the first inductive Memory element 13 is completely disconnected from. In the present

Secondary phase is a second inductive storage element 1 is used, which via a second switch assembly 16 and the first

Switch assembly 15 with one or more battery units 11, 12 can be connected. The second switch arrangement 16 has fourth to seventh intermediate switches 23, 24, 29, 30, which can connect the terminals of the second inductive storage element 14 to the respective switches 21, 22, which are assigned to the inputs or outputs of the battery units. The first inductive storage element 13 is by means of a

Transformer core 28 connected to the second inductive storage element 14. The first inductive storage element 13, the second inductive storage element 14 and the transformer core 28 together form a transformer. In the secondary phase shown, the fourth intermediate switch 24 and the sixth intermediate switch 30 are opened so that a circuit is established between the central battery unit 11 "and the second inductive storage element 14. The stored energy of the second inductive

Memory element 14 can now be transferred to the middle battery unit 1 1 ".

FIG. 4 shows, in a modification to the secondary phase shown in FIG. 3, an alternative secondary phase in which, instead of the middle first battery unit 11 ", a second battery unit 12 'is additionally supplied with energy through the battery

Circuit arrangement 10 is supplied. It can be seen that over the

Intermediate switch 21 now a current must flow in a different direction, as was the case with respect to FIG. The second switch arrangement 16 ensures in this case that the outputs of the second inductive

Memory element 14 are now arranged reversed to the inputs or outputs of the second battery unit to be charged battery unit 12. For this purpose, instead of the fourth and sixth intermediate switches, the third and the fifth intermediate switches 23, 29 are now closed. Further are those first and second intermediate switches 21, 22 are closed, which are assigned directly to the left second battery unit 12 'to be charged. Otherwise, the circuit arrangement 10 remains unchanged with respect to FIG.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 circuit arrangement

1 1 first battery unit

12 second battery unit

13 first inductive storage element

14 second inductive storage element

15 first switch arrangement

16 second switch arrangement

17 inputs of the first battery unit

18 inputs of the second battery unit

19 first connection of the first inductive storage element

20 second connection of the first inductive storage element

21 first intermediate switch

22 second intermediate switch

23 third intermediate switch

24 fourth intermediate switch

25 application circuit

26 battery management system

27 charging switch

28 transformer core

29 fifth intermediate switch

30 sixth intermediate switch

Claims

claims

Circuit arrangement (10) comprising a series circuit of first and second battery units (11, 12), wherein first and second battery units (11, 12) are arranged alternately,

a first inductive storage element (13),

wherein in a primary phase first inputs (17) of the first battery units (1 1) with a first terminal (19) of the first inductive

Memory element (13) via a first switch arrangement (15) are connectable and second inputs of the second battery units (18) with a second terminal (20) of the first inductive storage element (13) via the first switch arrangement (15) are connectable,

a second inductive storage element (14) inductively coupled to the first inductive storage element (13),

wherein in a secondary phase by means of a second switch arrangement (16) a first terminal of the second inductive storage element (14) having a first or a second input and a second terminal of the second inductive storage element (14) is connectable to a second or a first input.

Circuit arrangement according to the preceding claim,

characterized,

in that the inputs of the second battery units (18) are each connected to an output of a first battery unit.

Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that first inputs with first intermediate switches (22) and second inputs with second intermediate switches (22) can be connected to the first inductive storage element (13).

Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized,

in that the second switch arrangement (16) comprises third intermediate switches (23) and fourth intermediate switches (24). 5. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that the second switch arrangement (16) comprises fifth (29) and sixth (30) intermediate switches, wherein third (23) and fifth (29) or fourth (24) and sixth (30) intermediate switches can each be switched synchronously with one another.

6. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that the first inductive storage element (13) is preceded by a charge switch (27) in series, in particular directly connected in series.

7. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

a turn ratio (Ni / N ₂ ) of turns (Ni) of the first inductive storage element (13) to turns (N ₂ ) of the second inductive storage element (14) is greater than or equal to 1, in particular slightly greater than 1, namely in particular between 1, 05 and 1, 5, in particular between 1, 05 and 1, 1. 8. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

that the first and second inputs to at least one

Voltage measuring device are connected. 9. Circuit arrangement according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized, in that the first inductive storage device (13) and / or the second inductive storage device (14) is connected to a voltage measuring device. 10. A battery management system, comprising a circuit arrangement according to any preceding claims.