EP2530213A1 - Insulating board and method for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

The insulating panel (1) has plastic foam material, particularly expanded or extruded polystyrene foam. Two parallel outer faces (A,B) are provided that define the edges of the insulation board. One of the outer faces is provided with penetrating incisions (2), where each incision has a constant cross-section. Each cross-section extends between two edges of the insulating board. The incisions are designed such that the boundary in the area adjacent to the outer faces are adjoined to each other and are kept apart. An independent claim is included for a method for the preparation of an insulating board.

Description

The present invention relates to an insulating board made of plastic foam material, various methods for their preparation and a use of the insulating board according to the preambles of the independent claims.

Insulating boards made of plastic foam material are widely used in the thermal insulation of building facades and often serve as a carrier for a plaster layer, which forms the weather protection of the facade. In such a facade construction, however, it should be noted that these insulation boards have a certain shrinkage and a not insignificant thermal expansion, which can lead to cracks in the plaster layer, especially in the area of the board joints. To address this problem, it is known to use insulation boards which have recesses which penetrate into the board and serve as relief points. This results in insulation boards in which these incisions are very narrow in the installed state or are designed such that their limits lie on each other, the problem that the cuts while shrinking bring sufficient relief, but not in warming-related expansion of the insulation board, there the boundaries of the incisions then adjoin one another under compressive stress or lie on one another. Insulation boards with sufficiently wide slots as relief points do not have this problem. In these insulation boards, however, there is the disadvantage that when gluing the insulation board and / or plastering the same adhesive and / or plaster penetrates into the built-in state outward incisions and thereby thermal bridges are formed, which significantly deteriorate the thermal insulation performance of the insulation board.

It is therefore the object to provide an insulating board made of plastic foam material with relief cuts available, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art or at least partially avoids.

This object is achieved by the insulating board and the manufacturing method according to the independent claims.

A first aspect of the invention relates to an insulating board, which is formed in one or more layers of one or more plastic foam materials, preferably of an expanded or extruded polystyrene rigid foam. The insulation board has in a known manner two parallel outer surfaces, which are bounded by the edges of the insulation board. In at least one of the outer surfaces of the insulating board, one or more incisions penetrating into the insulating board are present, which each extend between two edges of the insulating board and each have a substantially constant cross section along this longitudinal extent. In this case, the incisions are each formed such that, viewed in cross-section, they have a smaller width in the area near the respective outer surface from which they penetrate into the insulating panel than in a region within the insulating panel. Preferably, the incisions within the insulation board each have a greater width everywhere than in the area near the outer surface, from which they penetrate into the insulation board.

Such a configuration of the cuts, it is possible to provide insulation boards made of plastic foam material available, which are effective in both material shrinkage and material expansion zugspannungs- and druckspannungsentlastet and suffer from the installation virtually no loss of their thermal insulation performance, since an ingress of adhesive and plaster in the relief serving incisions is not or only to a minor extent possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the insulation board the incisions are each formed such that their boundaries in the area near the respective outer surface, from which they penetrate into the insulation board, adjacent to each other or substantially on each other. As a result, penetration of adhesive and plaster is effectively prevented in the incision during processing of the insulation board and the respective incision forms in the area within the insulation board to the outer surfaces substantially closed cavity.

It is also preferred that the incisions each have a substantially constant width in the area within the insulating panel over a majority of their extent in the direction of the plate thickness. This has the advantage that insulation boards with symmetrical insulation and expansion properties are possible.

Advantageously, the incisions each penetrate substantially perpendicular to the respective outer surface in the insulation board, so that the boundaries of the respective incision in the inlet region with the outer surface each form an angle of about 90 °. As a result, a breakout of the material in the entrance area can be prevented as best as possible.

To ensure a good discharge, it is further preferred that the incisions each penetrate deeper than half of the insulation board thickness in the insulation board, in particular lower than 65% of the insulation board thickness.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the insulation board, both outer surfaces have recesses as described above. Especially for the preferred case that both sides have identical cuts, which preferably also alternately With identical distances parallel to each other, there is the advantage that plates can be provided, which have a substantially symmetrical discharge characteristic.

Advantageously, the incisions in one or in both outer surfaces of the insulation board parallel to one or more edges of the insulation board. It is preferred that the insulation board is rectangular and have one or both outer sides of the insulation board cuts as described above, which are perpendicular to each other.

It is also advantageous that one or both outer sides of the insulation board have a plurality of parallel corresponding incisions, which in particular each run at identical distances parallel to each other. It is further preferred that each of the two outer sides of the insulation board has a plurality of parallel corresponding incisions, which run parallel to a plurality of parallel corresponding incisions of the other outer side of the insulation board, said incisions alternately from one outer side and from the other outer side in the Insulate insulating board while having identical distances from each other.

This has the advantage that the cuts in the processing of the insulation board can serve as a cutting aid when the insulation board is to be divided into sections.

Preferably, the insulation board is single-layer or multi-layer formed from a thermoplastic foam plastic material and the cuts in the insulation board are made by thermal cutting. Such inventive insulation boards are particularly inexpensive to manufacture.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing an insulating board according to the first aspect of the invention. In this case, in an initial process step, an insulating board made of a thermoplastic Plastic foam material or an insulation board with at least one outer layer of a thermoplastic foam material with two parallel outer surfaces, which bounded by the edges of the insulation board provided. The insulation board is preferably formed from expanded or extruded polystyrene rigid foam.

Then one or more cuts are made in at least one of the two outer surfaces of the insulation board, which happens by retracting one or more heating wires from the respective outer surface forth in the insulation board.

In this case, the retraction speed of the heating wires and / or the temperature of the heating wires is changed such that the cuts generated by the heating wires in the area within the insulation board have a greater width than in the area close to the outer surface after the occurrence of the heating wires in the insulation board. This can e.g. also be done by changing the relative movement of the heating wires relative to the insulating board with changed or unchanged entrance speed and / or temperature of the heating wires, e.g. by moving the heating wires along a zig-zag course inside the insulation board after entering the insulation board.

By means of the method according to the invention, insulation boards according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention can be produced in a particularly cost-effective manner. Also, there is the advantage that by introducing the incisions by retraction of heating wires, the boundaries of the incisions completely or partially closed surfaces, so that a water absorption of the insulation board on the incisions is difficult or even impossible.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the respective outer surface of the insulation board, at least for the entry of the heating wires under tension set, preferably by the insulation board is bent towards this outside or stretched. This makes it possible to make incisions with a heating wire whose boundaries in the area near the outer surface, from which they penetrate into the insulation board, have a smaller distance from each other than the thickness of the heating wire, so that the incisions are almost closed to the outside.

It is further preferred that the set for the entry of the heating wires under tension outer surface of the insulation board is relaxed after entering the heating wires in the insulation board and during the further retraction of the same in the insulation board or placed under compressive stress. This results in incisions which have a significantly greater width in the area within the plate than in the area near the outer surface, from which they penetrate into the plate.

A third aspect of the invention relates to another method for producing an insulating board according to the first aspect of the invention. In this case, in turn, in an initial process step, an insulation board made of a thermoplastic foam material or an insulation board with at least one outer layer of a thermoplastic foam material with two parallel outer surfaces, which bounded by the edges of the insulation board provided. The insulation board is here also preferably formed from expanded or extruded polystyrene foam.

Then one or more cuts are made in at least one of the two outer surfaces of the insulating board, which is done by means of cutting and melting-free cutting means such as by means of a knife with serrated edge. This results in incisions in the outer surfaces, which at open under tensile stress perpendicular to the incisions outer surface open column form and are closed at tension-free outer surface substantially.

Subsequently, the thus cut outer surfaces of the insulation board are placed under tension, e.g. by bending the insulation board to the respective outer surface or stretching the insulation board, such that the incisions form open gaps.

In this state, one or more heating wires are retracted to the bottom in the open column, preferably in such a way that the heating wires do not touch the boundary walls of the column.

Then, starting from the bottom of the column with the heated heating wires with a melting of the plate material in the areas of the heating wires retracted to the desired incision depth in the insulation board, which preferably takes place after previously canceling the Unterzugspannungssetzung the outer surface.

With this method, insulation boards according to the invention can be produced with notches whose boundaries in the region near the outer surface, from which they penetrate into the insulating board, lie on top of each other, so that the cuts are closed towards the outer surface.

A fourth aspect of the invention relates to the use of the insulating board according to the first aspect of the invention as a plaster layer-bearing building insulation, which is preferably connected by gluing to a building wall. In such uses, the benefits of the invention are particularly evident.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf eine erste erfindungsgemässen Dämmplatte.
• Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch einen Teilbereich einer zweiten erfindungsgemässen Dämmplatte;
• Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch einen Teilbereich einer dritten erfindungsgemässen Dämmplatte;
• Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch einen Teilbereich einer vierten erfindungsgemässen Dämmplatte;
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch einen Teilbereich der ersten erfindungsgemässen Dämmplatte;

Further preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description with reference to FIGS. Showing:

• Fig. 1 a perspective top view of a first inventive insulation board.
• Fig. 2 a section through a portion of a second inventive insulation board;
• Fig. 3 a section through a portion of a third inventive insulation board;
• Fig. 4 a section through a portion of a fourth inventive insulation board;
• Fig. 5 a section through a portion of the first inventive insulation board;

Fig. 1 shows a perspective top view of a first inventive insulation board 1 made of expanded polystyrene foam. The insulation board 1 has two parallel outer surfaces A, B with rectangular bases, which are bounded by perpendicular to the outer surfaces A, B extending edges of the insulation board 1.

As can be seen, in both outer surfaces A, B of the insulation board 1, two mutually perpendicular flocks of identical, parallel to each other and perpendicular penetrating into the insulation board 1 incisions 2 are present, each extending between two opposite edges of the insulation board 1 and parallel run to the other two edges of the insulation board 1. The distances between the mutually parallel cuts are identical.

The incisions 2 penetrate alternately from the one outer surface A and from the other outer surface B in the insulation board 1, wherein the distances between parallel cuts 2 different outer surfaces A, B are each identical.

As further in synopsis with Fig. 5 can be seen, which shows a section through a portion of the first inventive Dämmplatte 1 with one of the incisions 2, the incisions 2 each have a substantially constant cross-section over their longitudinal extent, such that the boundaries of the respective incision in the region X near the Outer surface A, B, from which the incision 2 penetrates into the insulation board 1, one above the other and in the area Y within the Insulating board 1 are substantially parallel spaced from each other. In this way, each incision 2 forms a flat cavity 3, which is closed to the outer surfaces A, B, of essentially constant width within the insulating panel 1.

For the preparation of the incisions 2, which penetrate in each case up to three quarters of the plate thickness in the insulation board 1, the procedure is as follows:

In the outer surfaces A, B of a preferably sawn plate of expanded polystyrene foam are in a first step in the region X near the outer surfaces A, B with a knife chipping in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the plate incisions of a depth of about one fifth of the plate thickness brought in. Then, the plate 1 is set in a first direction under tension, so that the transverse to the pulling direction introduced with the knife incisions open and form open gaps. In this state heating wires are retracted in a direction perpendicular to the outer surfaces A, B of the plate 1 in the open column, without touching the boundary walls of the column. When the heating wires have reached the bottom of the gap, the tensile loading of the plate 1 is canceled, while the hot heating wires are slowly retracted to a depth of three quarters of the plate thickness into the plate 1, melting the plate material around the respective heating wire , Once the desired depth of entry has been achieved, the insulation board 1 is again tensioned in the same direction, so that the cuts made in the region X close to the outer surfaces A, B form open gaps again, and the heating wires are without the limitations of this column touch again out of the plate 1 extended. Subsequently, the plate 1 is set in a second, perpendicular to the first direction of tension direction under tension under tension and the steps described above for the transverse repeated incisions to the second direction of tension direction. This creates the in Fig. 1 shown perpendicular to each other flocks of incisions 2 with the in Fig. 5 illustrated cross-section.

The FIGS. 2 to 4 show sections of further inventive insulation boards 1 with other incision cross-sections.

The in Fig. 2 shown incision 2 expands in the region X near the outer surface A, from which it penetrates into the insulation board 1, with increasing penetration depth. From a penetration depth of about one fifth of the plate thickness of the incision 2 then in the region Y within the plate 1 has a maximum and substantially constant width, which he retains to its maximum depth of penetration of about three quarters of the plate thickness.

The in Fig. 3 shown incision 2 differs from that in Fig. 2 shown incision 2 only in that the incision 2 in the region X near the outer surface A, from which it penetrates into the insulating panel 1, to a penetration depth of about one-fifth of the plate thickness has a substantially constant width, which is significantly lower than its Width in the area Y within the plate 1.

For the production of in the FIGS. 2 and 3 Sections 2 are as follows:

In the outer surface A of a plate 1, for example made of expanded polystyrene foam, is perpendicular to a depth of three quarters of the plate thickness retracted over the entire plate 1 extending heated heating wire. It is at the in Fig. 2 shown incision 2 after the entry of the heating wire into the plate 1, the retraction speed of the same increasingly slowed to a penetration depth of about one-fifth of the plate thickness and then kept constant until the end. At the in Fig. 3 shown Incision 2, on the other hand, after entering the heating wire into the plate 1, keeps the retraction speed thereof constant to a penetration depth of about one-fifth of the plate thickness at a first speed, then abruptly decelerates to a second speed and then holds at the second speed until the end ,

The in Fig. 4 shown incision 2 differs from that in Fig. 3 shown incision 2 only in that the incision 2 in the region Y within the plate 1 has a wave-like boundary.

The preparation of this incision 2 differs from the preparation of the incision according to Fig. 3 in that the heating wire in the region Y inside the plate is not moved perpendicularly to the outer surface A at a slower second speed into the plate 1, but at the same speed as in the region X near the outer surface in the region Y in the interior of the plate along a Zick- Zack course is moved, which increases the width of the incision in this area Y.

While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the present application, it should be clearly understood that the invention is not limited to these and may be practiced otherwise within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (16)

Insulating board (1) of plastic foam material, in particular of expanded or extruded polystyrene hard foam, with two parallel outer surfaces (A, B) which are delimited by the edges of the insulating board (1),
wherein in at least one of the outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulation board (1) one or more in the insulation board (1) penetrating incisions (2) are each provided with a substantially constant cross section, which in each case between two edges of the insulation board (1) extend and each in the region (X) near the respective outer surface (A, B) have a smaller width than in a region (Y) within the insulation board (1). Insulating board (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the incisions (2) are each formed such that their boundaries in the region (X) near the respective outer surface (A, B) adjoin one another or lie on one another. Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the incisions (2) in each case in a region (Y) within the insulating board (1) over a majority of their extension in the direction of the plate thickness have a substantially constant width. Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the incisions (2) in each case perpendicular to the respective outer surface (A, B) penetrate into the insulating board (1). Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the incisions (2) each penetrate deeper than half the thickness of the insulating panel in the insulating board (2), in particular lower than 65% of the insulating panel thickness. Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating board (1) have corresponding notches (2). Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or both outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating board (1) have a plurality of in particular identical corresponding recesses (2) which in particular parallel to one or more edges of the insulating board (1 ). Insulating board (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulating board (1) is rectangular and one or both outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating board corresponding incisions (2) which are perpendicular to each other. Insulating board (1) according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that one or both outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating board (1) a plurality of parallel corresponding incisions (2), which in particular each with identical distances parallel to each other. Insulating board (1) according to claim 9, wherein each of the two outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating board (1) has a plurality of parallel corresponding recesses (2), which parallel to a plurality of parallel corresponding incisions (2) of the other outer surface of the insulating board ( 1), wherein these incisions (2) alternately penetrate from the one outer surface (A) and from the other outer surface (B) in the insulation board (1) and thereby have identical distances from one another. Insulating board (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the incisions (2) are made by thermal cutting. Method for producing an insulating panel (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the steps: a) providing an insulating panel (1) made of plastic foam material, in particular expanded or extruded polystyrene rigid foam, with two parallel outer surfaces (A, B), which are bounded by the edges of the insulating board (1); b) introducing one or more incisions (2) into at least one of the outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating panel (1) by means of retracting one or more heating wires from the respective outer surface (A, B) into the insulating panel (1), wherein after the entry of the heating wires in the insulation board (1) the retraction speed of the heating wires, the relative movement of the heating wires relative to the insulation board (1) and / or the temperature of the heating wires is changed such that the cuts generated with the heating wires (2) in the area (Y) within the insulation board (1) have a greater width than in the region (X) near the outer surface (A, B). A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the respective outer surface (A, B) of the insulation board (1) is set under tension at least for the entry of the heating wires, in particular by means of bending or stretching of the insulation board (1). Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the outer surface (A, B) of the insulating panel (1) subjected to tensile stress for the entry of the heating wires enters the insulating panel (1) after the heating wires have entered the insulating panel (1) and during further retraction thereof into the insulating panel (1). 1) is relaxed or pressurized. Method for producing an insulating panel (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized by the steps: a) providing an insulating panel (1) of plastic foam material, in particular of expanded or extruded polystyrene rigid foam, with two parallel outer surfaces (A, B), which are bounded by the edges of the insulation board (1); b) introducing one or more cuts into at least one of the outer surfaces (A, B) of the insulating panel (1) by means of cutting and melting-free cutting means, in particular by means of a knife with serrated edge, such that when the outer surface is under tensile stress perpendicular to the incisions ( A, B) form the incisions open column and with incipient-free outer surface (A, B), the incisions are substantially closed; c) placing the outer surface (A, B) under a tensile stress perpendicular to the incisions, so that the incisions form open gaps; d) retracting one or more heating wires in the open column, in particular without touching the boundary walls of the column with the heating wires; and e) retraction with the heated heating wires in the insulation board (1) starting from the bottom of the column, in particular after previously canceling the Unterzugspannungssetzung the outer surface (A, B). Use of the insulation board (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11 as a plaster layer bearing building insulation, which is in particular connected by gluing to a building wall.

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