EP2528158B1 - Drahtlose Vorrichtung mit ausziehbarer Antenne - Google Patents

Drahtlose Vorrichtung mit ausziehbarer Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2528158B1
EP2528158B1 EP20110167611 EP11167611A EP2528158B1 EP 2528158 B1 EP2528158 B1 EP 2528158B1 EP 20110167611 EP20110167611 EP 20110167611 EP 11167611 A EP11167611 A EP 11167611A EP 2528158 B1 EP2528158 B1 EP 2528158B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
matching
state
mechanical
decoupling network
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EP20110167611
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2528158A1 (de
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Werner L. Schroeder
Aleksander Krewski
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Option NV
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Option NV
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Priority to EP20110167611 priority Critical patent/EP2528158B1/de
Priority to CN 201210179078 priority patent/CN102820913A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
    • H01Q1/084—Pivotable antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Definitions

  • This invention relates to wireless devices having receiver and/or transmitter circuits, and a mechanically reconfigurable antenna, and to corresponding methods of using such devices.
  • MIMO transmission modes are a common feature of state-of-the-art wireless communication systems. They are in particular basic to the mobile communication standards Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) (Long Term Evolution (LTE)), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) but also relevant for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) communications and in other applications. Explanations of MIMO transmission modes can be found in " Introduction to space-time wireless communications" by Paulraj et.al, ISBN 0 521 82615 2 .
  • E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • HSPA High-Speed Packet Access
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • a mobile terminal or wireless modem So as to support MIMO transmission modes such as Receive Diversity (RD) and Spatial Multiplexing (SM), a mobile terminal or wireless modem must be equipped with at least two antennas, providing a two port antenna system, and in the general case a multi port antenna which is designed to receive (or transmit, respectively) signals from different ports independently of each other in the same frequency band.
  • receive mode independently means that the different ports of the multiport antennas are capable of receiving different superpositions of incoming multi-path components which requires that their polarimetric, complex radiation patterns are sufficiently distinct.
  • a quantitative measure of this capability is the correlation between signals received at different antenna ports in a given reference propagation scenario.
  • CECC Complex Envelope Correlation Coeffient
  • a key performance metric of an antenna for a mobile terminal or wireless modem is its bandwidth at a given desired frequency of operation. Other important metrics like radiation efficiency are for physical reasons strongly correlated with bandwidth (provided that good engineering practices are applied).
  • the bandwidth of an antenna is physically limited by its size. If the physical size of an antenna becomes much smaller than the free-space wavelength of an electromagnetic wave at the frequency of operation, the bandwidth of an antenna decreases roughly in proportion to the third power of its largest dimension. For a multiport antenna for MIMO transmission, the smallest bandwidth seen at any of its ports, will limit the MIMO operation.
  • the largest dimension is to be understood as the largest dimension of the combined arrangement of the nominal antenna and the conductive structure of the device (e.g.
  • the exploitation of the conductive chassis of a mobile device as an antenna extension can be described as the excitation of characteristic modes of the chassis.
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna - chassis combination is given by the respective characteristic modes.
  • different superpositions of characteristics modes must be excited (transmit mode) by different antenna ports. This is relatively easy to achieve if the structure is "large” (at the order of half a wavelength) in at least two dimensions and if antenna elements can be spaced at sufficiently "large” distances along the periphery of the conductive chassis.
  • US2009009421 shows a MIMO self expandable antenna, in which the expansion can be automated, can be switched depending on a frequency range of communications, or can be dependent on an SNR evaluation or a BER.
  • EP 1075041 shows an antenna of a diversity reception system for a cellular telephone, the antenna having a retractable first antenna element and a fixed helical antenna element.
  • An object of the invention is to provide improved apparatus or methods. According to a first aspect, the invention provides:
  • Some embodiments have a coupling or control mechanism by which selection of one of the different mechanical states of the multiport antenna automatically triggers the selection of the corresponding electrical state of the matching and decoupling network, or vice versa, to adapt the device between the first and the second combinations of the states. This can help simplify the operation of the device for the user.
  • the coupling mechanism is operable by direct mechanical action such that a mechanical state change of the multiport antenna causes selection of the corresponding electrical state of the matching and decoupling network, to actuate one or more switches and / or to mechanically induce a change of electrical parameters of reactive or distributed circuit elements within the matching and decoupling network or the antenna or both. This can help avoid the need for a controller and thus keep the construction simpler and reduce costs.
  • an electrical coupling mechanism having a sensor for sensing the mechanical state of the multiport antenna, and having circuitry to trigger the selection of the corresponding electrical state of the matching and decoupling circuit according to an output of the sensor, the circuitry having electrically controlled switching elements and / or electrically tunable reactive and / or distributed circuit elements within the matching and decoupling network or the antenna or both.
  • This electrical control may be more complex and may be more expensive, but can avoid some of the disadvantages of mechanical coupling.
  • an adaptation controller operable to control the selection of mechanical state of the multiport antenna and / or the selection of the electrical state of the matching and decoupling network based on any one or more of the following: on measurements of received and / or transmitted signals, on measurements of electrical properties of the multiport antenna and / or the matching and decoupling network such as impedances or scattering parameters, on information about receive and / or transmit conditions supplied by the digital baseband, on information about near-field environmental conditions potentially detected by sensors, information received from another station or the base station of a network with which the device can communicate, or any combination thereof, wherein the device comprises any one or more of electro-mechanical actuators, electrically controlled switching elements and / or electrically tunable reactive and / or distributed circuit elements controllable by the adaptation controller for carrying out the selection of the mechanical state of the multiport antenna and or the selection of the electrical state of the matching and decoupling network.
  • the adaptation controller can be implemented by for example a
  • the device can be integrated into a removable module for use with a mobile computing device. This is one application where there is demand for better MIMO reception and for the convenience of maintaining good operation when there is limited space and it is inconvenient to use an extended antenna.
  • Another aspect of the invention provides a wireless communication device having receiver circuits supporting at least two simultaneous receive paths in the same frequency band and / or transmitter circuits supporting at least two simultaneous transmit paths in the same frequency band, and having a multiport antenna with at least two ports and a sufficient number of ports, N, for available receive or transmit paths, said multiport antenna having multiple mechanical states, comprising at least a compact mechanical state and one extended mechanical state, and being connected to the N ports of the receiver and / or transmitter circuits by means of a 2N-port matching and decoupling network, which has multiple, selectable electrical states, each corresponding to at least one of the mechanical states of the multiport antenna system such that there is at least a first combination of the mechanical state of the multiport antenna system and electrical state of the matching and decoupling network which allows for receive and / or transmit operation in a wireless channel of rank N, equal to the larger of the numbers of available receiver or transmitter circuits and to the number of antenna ports, and at least a second combination of the mechanical state of the multiport antenna and the electrical state of the matching
  • references to a processor can encompass any kind of processing hardware including an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) module, a general purpose processor, a personal computer, a digital signal processor and so on.
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • references to a multiport antenna are intended to encompass any arrangement of one or more radiator structures having two or more non identical radiation patterns, encompassing monopole or dipole structures, encompassing one radiating structure having multiple ports for different signals, and encompassing several radiating structures with N ports, in which case the multiple radiating structures are close enough not to be independent antennas, completely decoupled, and thus needing a multiport matching circuit rather than being able to be matched independently.
  • References to operation in a multiport mode is intended to encompass operation using more than one signal, and can encompass spatial diversity operation where the same information is transmitted over multiple air paths, and can encompass spatial multiplexing where different information is transmitted over multiple air paths.
  • References to wireless devices can encompass any kind of device having the antenna, matching circuit and transmitter or receiver circuits as claimed, and so encompasses devices such as mobile phones, mobile computing devices, modules such as dongles or USB sticks or cards or circuit boards for use with laptops or other computing devices, and also encompasses products having wireless capabilities built in such as tracking devices for vehicles, containers or parcels for example, and can encompass the vehicles or containers themselves.
  • references to MIMO are intended to encompass transmission modes, for example transmit and receive diversity, spatial multiplexing and beam-forming as specified, for example for the E-UTRA standard Rel-8 in 3GPP TS 36.201 and 3GPP TS 36.211 through 36.214 and standard documents referenced therein.
  • MIMO systems transmits data over a matrix channel rather than just over a single radio channel.
  • MIMO systems are very attractive in order to boost the capacity of a wireless-communication system that operates in a rich multipath environment.
  • the major problem with adding more ports is a resulting reduction of the bandwidth over which useful MIMO operation can be obtained.
  • Figure 1a shows a schematic view of features of a first embodiment, representing an example of the first combination of states.
  • the device can be a transmitter and/or a receiver.
  • a mechanically reconfigurable multiport antenna 20 is in an extended state and is coupled to an adaptable matching network 21. This couples and matches N ports 22 of the antenna to N ports of the transmitter and/or receiver circuits 23 respectively.
  • the mechanically reconfigurable multiport antenna is reconfigurable between at least a compact antenna configuration and an extended antenna configuration.
  • the adaptable multiport matching circuit can be adaptable to match electrically the ports either to the compact or to the extended antenna configuration.
  • steps of transmitting and/or receiving using the device in the compact antenna configuration using the matching circuit to match electrically the multiport antenna with at least one of the ports of the receiver and/or transmitter circuits, followed by mechanically reconfiguring the antenna to the extended antenna configuration and adapting the matching circuit to match electrically two or more of the ports of the receiver and/or transmitter circuits with the antenna. Then transmitting and/or receiving respectively can be carried out using the device in the extended antenna configuration in a multiport mode.
  • Figure 1b shows the same embodiment after adaptation, and represents an example of the second combination of states.
  • the antenna is in a compact state, and the matching circuit is matching less than N ports.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the same embodiment to explain the matching terms.
  • This shows an antenna in compact or extended configuration, a matching network, and multiple ports and an arbitrary termination at the transmitter and/or receiver circuits.
  • the matching circuit has an N-port admittance matrix Y A seen by the multiple ports.
  • the arbitrary termination has a load admittance matrix Y L seen by the matching network.
  • a lossless multi-port antenna For a multiport antenna, correlation depends on matching and that correlation is a property of both antenna and termination. For multiport cases, a lossless multi-port antenna has zero correlation between all ports in an isotropic Rayleigh environment under conditions of Hermitian match.
  • a multi-port antenna is matched (for maximum power transfer) by making its N-port admittance matrix Y A is equal to the Hermitian transpose of the load admittance matrix Y L .
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment similar to that of figure 1a , with the addition of a manual or automatic control mechanism 30 for enabling a user or controller to alter the configuration of the mechanically reconfigurable antenna.
  • Trigger signals or a mechanical trigger can be used by the adaptable matching circuit to adapt to a different combination of states.
  • the mechanism can have an actuator such as for example a lever changing the antenna state and optionally switching or tuning the matching circuit.
  • Either or both of these functions can alternatively be implemented by an electromechanical actuator which can therefore be controlled by a controller. This can involve changing the relative orientations or relative positions of parts of the antenna, by an electric motor or electro magnet or other means.
  • FIG 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment similar to that of figure 1a , with the addition of a number of features.
  • An adaptation controller 41 is provided for controlling the adaptation. This can be implemented by a processor 42 controlled by a program 43 for example. It can receive inputs from the antenna and from the matching circuit such as impedance measurements. The controller can output control signals such as select signals to adapt the states of the antenna and the matching circuit.
  • Other inputs to the controller can include for example information from the rest of the wireless network, signal strength information from a detector 44, or reception conditions from external sensors 45 for sensing the environment local to the antenna, such as humidity, ground plane proximity, power levels of the incident and reflected wave on the different ports, and so on.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show an example of an adaptable multiport matching circuit 21.
  • Fig 5a shows first and second matching circuits 52, 53. Either of these can be coupled into use by a bank of switches 51 coupled to the antenna and by a bank of switches 54 coupled to the multiple ports. Many other ways of adapting the matching circuit can be envisaged.
  • Fig 5b shows a similar example in which there are distributed switches 55 controlled to change the state of the matching circuit. For example there can be tunable components retuned by the mechanical motion of the antenna, or switches at internal nodes of the matching circuit. Switches are not always needed.
  • Figure 6 shows another example in which an electrical coupling 57 is provided for the adaptation of the combination of states.
  • This can for example have a sensor 56 for sensing a state of the antenna, and circuitry 58 to output trigger signals based on an output of the sensor, to adapt the state of the matching circuit.
  • an N port antenna is provided for the extended configuration, some of the ports being part of a mechanically extendible K ports, which are taken out of use when the antenna is in the compact configuration.
  • N ports there are different numbers of ports in the different configurations, either N ports or N-K ports.
  • an antenna port corresponds to an antenna element, though in other cases, the different ports of the multiport antenna may not be associated with spatially separated or individually identifiable antenna elements but only with different radiation patterns of the overall antenna structure. Also the number of antenna ports can be more than the number of different transmission signals in a spatial multiplexed type of MIMO system.
  • Some embodiments of the invention involve a wireless modem equipped with a multi-antenna system which has at least two mechanical states and incorporates an automatic switching between appropriate matching and decoupling networks in agreement with the chosen mechanical state.
  • a removable module in the form of an Express Card is provided with a dual antenna system.
  • the antenna system may be mechanically switched between an extended state using a MIMO mode ( Fig 8 ) and a compact state using a non-MIMO mode ( Fig 9 ).
  • a side view is shown in figure 7 .
  • the rationale behind this approach is that in a considerable fraction of mobile use cases with intermediate receive conditions non-MIMO mode will be fully sufficient. There are in fact only two cases where MIMO modes are relevant: good receive conditions where SM is possible and poor receive conditions where RD is beneficial.
  • a circuit board 120 is shown in cross section, and is contained in a casing 100. Movable parts of the antenna in the form of fins 110 are shown end on in the side view, and their length is shown in the plan view. Circuit components making up the matching circuit are shown in the side view on the top and bottom of the circuit board by parts MDN1 and MDN2.
  • MIMO mode as depicted in Fig. 8 in plan view at the left side and in an end on view at the right side of the figure.
  • the antenna system combines monopole operation (against the chassis of the laptop) with dipole operation between the two extended fins 110.
  • the two fins of the antenna connect by spring contacts at the top side of the printed circuit board (PCB) to a first matching and decoupling network MDN1 (ports 1 and 2).
  • the matching and decoupling network converts the two electrical modes (monopole: common mode and dipole: differential mode) to two virtually independent signals accessible at ports 3 and 4.
  • the compact mode is shown in figure 9 .
  • the same two views are shown as in figure 8 .
  • the two fins are pushed into the housing to overlap each other, where they remain face to face connected.
  • the size of the structure is too small to support a useful dipole mode at low frequencies in this state.
  • the monopole mode however can still be used.
  • a spring contact at the bottom side of the PCB connects both fins jointly to port 5 of a second matching network MDN2.
  • Port 6 is the matched single antenna port in this state.
  • the mechanism may be equipped with a spring between the fins such that switching from non-MIMO mode to MIMO mode is possible by pressing a button which releases the spring. Using thumb and index finger the fins can be pushed inside again for transport or non-MIMO operation.
  • a further switch which disconnects ports 3 and 4 and instead connects port 6 to the transceiver.
  • the switch can be actuated by the same mechanical action using sliding spring contacts.
  • Figs 7 to 9 are given only as examples to illustrate the concept. There are numerous alternative realizations. Also several implementation features, e.g. avoidance of interference with other nearby connectors (by appropriate orientation of the sliding motion of the fins) can be considered.
  • the approach has a straightforward generalization to N-antenna systems in which case the two electrical modes (common and differential mode) in the example of figures 7 to 9 are replaced by the N eigenmodes of the antenna system.
  • the underlying point is that a mechanical state change is accompanied by an electrical state change in the matching and decoupling network.
  • a more specific aspect is the fact that a size reduction of the antenna system automatically gives rise to a reduction of the maximum rank of the wireless channel which can be realized with the antenna system.
  • the dimensions of the card in some examples can be around 95mm by 35mm, in the plan view. In the extended configuration, the width can extend from 35mm up to 70mm. In principle the dimensions are electrically small relative to the wavelengths being used.
  • the dimensions such as width in the extended configuration may be up to a quarter wavelength, or possibly up to a half wavelength. Typical frequencies of operation may be 700MHz up to 2.6GHz. In other cases, the frequencies used may be down to 400 MHz or up to 3.5GHz.
  • Figs 10-12 further examples of reconfigurable antenna.
  • Figure 10 to 12 show further embodiments in which the antenna has two dipoles, reconfigurable in different ways.
  • a compact configuration is shown with a pair of dipoles (72, 74) and (78,79), on a substrate 70.
  • Matching circuits 21 are provided at one end, coupled to receiver and/or transmitter circuitry (not shown).
  • One of the dipoles is hinged to enable its orientation to be changed as shown in figure 11 .
  • Figure 12 shows another alternative extended configuration.
  • a slider 90 is provided. This enables the separation between the dipoles to be increased, without changing the orientation. This could be combined with figure 11 to change the separation and alter the orientation.
  • the compact configuration could be used for a downlink only, with the extended configuration being used when an uplink is needed, or vice versa.
  • a wireless device which has receiver circuits (23) and / or transmitter circuits supporting at least two simultaneous independent transmit paths in the same frequency band, and a multiport antenna (20) with N ports (22), for the available receiver or transmitter circuits.
  • the multiport antenna has a compact mechanical state and an extended mechanical state, and is connected to the N ports of the receiver and / or transmitter circuits (23) by means of a 2N-port matching and decoupling network (21).
  • This has multiple, selectable electrical states, each corresponding to at least one of the mechanical states.
  • One combination of the mechanical state and the electrical state allows operation in a wireless channel of rank N.
  • a second combination of the mechanical state and the electrical state allows operation in a wireless channel of rank less than N.

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Claims (13)

  1. Drahtlose Kommunikationsvorrichtung, die Empfängerschaltungen (23), die mindestens zwei simultane unabhängige Empfangswege im selben Frequenzband unterstützen, und/oder Senderschaltungen aufweist, die mindestens zwei simultane unabhängige Sendewege im selben Frequenzband unterstützen, und eine Mehrfachanschlussantenne (20) mit mindestens zwei Anschlüssen und einer ausreichenden Anzahl N von Anschlüssen (22), für die verfügbaren Empfänger- oder Senderschaltungen, aufweist, wobei die Mehrfachanschlussantenne mehrere mechanische Zustände aufweist, die mindestens einen kompakten mechanischen Zustand und einen ausgezogenen mechanischen Zustand umfassen, und mit den N Anschlüssen der Empfänger- und/oder Senderschaltungen (23) mittels eines 2N-Anschluss-Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks (21) verbunden ist, das mehrere auswählbare elektrische Zustände aufweist, die jeweils mindestens einem der mechanischen Zustände des Mehrfachanschlussantennensystems entsprechen, derart, dass mindestens eine Kombination des mechanischen Zustandes des Mehrfachanschlussantennensystems und des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks vorhanden ist, die einen Empfangs- und/oder Sendebetrieb in einem drahtlosen Kanal einer Stufe N ermöglicht, die gleich der größeren von der Anzahl von verfügbaren Empfänger- oder Senderschaltungen und der Anzahl von Antennenanschlüssen ist, und mindestens eine zweite Kombination des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks Empfangs- und/oder Sendebetrieb in einem drahtlosen Kanal mit einer Stufe kleiner als N ermöglicht.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, die einen Kopplungs- oder Steuerungsmechanismus (30) aufweist, durch den eine Auswahl von einem von den unterschiedlichen mechanischen Zuständen der Mehrfachanschlussantenne automatisch die Auswahl des entsprechenden elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks auslöst, oder umgekehrt, um die Vorrichtung zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kombination der Zustände anzupassen.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, in der der Kopplungsmechanismus (30) durch direkte mechanische Handlung betriebsfähig ist, derart, dass eine Änderung eines mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne die Auswahl des entsprechenden elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks (52, 53) bewirkt, um einen oder mehrere Schalter (54) zu betätigen und/oder mechanisch eine Änderung von elektrischen Parametern von reaktiven oder verteilten Schaltungselementen innerhalb des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks oder der Antenne oder beiden hervorzurufen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, die eine elektrische Kopplung (57) aufweist, die einen Sensor (56) zum Abtasten des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne aufweist und Schaltungen (58) zum Auslösen der Auswahl des entsprechenden elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks gemäß einem Ausgang des Sensors aufweist, wobei die Schaltungen elektrisch gesteuerte Schaltelemente und/oder elektrisch abstimmbare reaktive und/oder verteilte Schaltungselemente innerhalb des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks oder der Antenne oder beiden aufweisen.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die einen manuell steuerbaren Mechanismus (80, 90) zur Auswahl des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks aufweist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die eine Anpassungssteuereinrichtung (41) aufweist, die betriebsfähig ist, um die Auswahl eines mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder die Auswahl des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks auf der Grundlage von einem oder mehreren von Folgendem zu steuern: von Messungen von empfangenen und/oder gesendeten Signalen, von Messungen von elektrischen Eigenschaften der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks, wie beispielsweise Impedanzen oder Streuungsparametern, von Informationen über Empfangs- und/oder Sendebedingungen, die durch das digitale Basisband geliefert werden, von Informationen über Nahfeld-Umgebungsbedingungen, die potenziell durch Sensoren (45) detektiert werden, Informationen, die von einer anderen Station oder der Basisstation eines Netzwerks empfangen werden, mit dem die Vorrichtung kommunizieren kann, oder irgendeiner Kombination davon, wobei die Vorrichtung eines oder mehrere von elektromechanischen Stellgliedern, elektrisch gesteuerten Schaltelementen und/oder elektrisch abstimmbaren reaktiven und/oder verteilten Schaltungselementen umfasst, die durch die Anpassungssteuerungseinheit gesteuert werden können, um die Auswahl des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder die Auswahl des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks durchzuführen.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die in ein abnehmbares Modul zur Verwendung mit einer mobilen Rechenvorrichtung integriert ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Verwenden einer drahtlosen Kommunikationsvorrichtung, die Empfängerschaltungen (23), die mindestens zwei unabhängige simultane Empfangswege im selben Frequenzband unterstützen, und/oder Senderschaltungen aufweist, die mindestens zwei unabhängige simultane Sendewege im selben Frequenzband unterstützen, und eine Mehrfachanschlussantenne (20) mit mindestens zwei Anschlüssen und einer ausreichenden Anzahl von Anschlüssen, N (22), für verfügbaren Empfänger- oder Senderschaltungen aufweist, wobei die Mehrfachanschlussantenne mehrere mechanische Zustände aufweist, die mindestens einen kompakten mechanischen Zustand und einen ausgezogenen mechanischen Zustand umfassen, und mit den N Anschlüssen der Empfänger- und/oder Senderschaltungen (23) mittels eines 2N-Anschluss-Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks (21) verbunden ist, das mehrere auswählbare elektrische Zustände aufweist, die jeweils mindestens einem der mechanischen Zustände des Mehrfachanschlussantennensystems entsprechen, derart, dass mindestens eine erste Kombination des mechanischen Zustandes des Mehrfachanschlussantennensystems und des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks vorhanden ist, die einen Empfangs- und/oder Sendebetrieb in einem drahtlosen Kanal einer Stufe N ermöglicht, die gleich der größeren von der Anzahl von verfügbaren Empfänger- oder Senderschaltungen und der Anzahl von Antennenanschlüssen ist, und mindestens eine zweite Kombination des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks einen richtigen Empfangs- und/oder Sendebetrieb in einem drahtlosen Kanal mit einer Stufe kleiner als N ermöglicht, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    Senden und/oder Empfangen unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung in der ersten Kombination von Zuständen,
    Anpassen der Vorrichtung in die zweite Kombination von Zuständen, und
    Senden und/oder Empfangen unter Verwendung der Vorrichtung in der zweiten Kombination von Zuständen.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, das den Schritt des automatischen Auslösens der Auswahl des entsprechenden elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks in Abhängigkeit von einer Änderung des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne oder umgekehrt aufweist, um die Vorrichtung zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Kombination der Zustände anzupassen.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, wobei das automatische Auslösen eine direkte mechanische Handlung zum Betätigen von einem oder mehreren Schaltern (54) und/oder zum mechanischen Hervorrufen einer Änderung von elektrischen Parametern von reaktiven oder verteilten Schaltungselementen innerhalb des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks oder der Antenne oder beiden umfasst.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, das den Schritt des Abtastens des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und des elektrischen Auslösens der Auswahl des entsprechenden elektrischen Zustands der Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsschaltung gemäß einem Ausgang des Sensors unter Verwendung elektrisch gesteuerter Schaltelemente und/oder elektrisch abstimmbarer reaktiver und/oder verteilter Schaltungselemente innerhalb des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks oder der Antenne oder beidem aufweist.
  12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, das den Schritt des manuellen Abänderns des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks aufweist.
  13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, das den Schritt des elektrischen Steuerns der Auswahl eines mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder der Auswahl des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks auf der Grundlage von einem oder mehreren von Folgendem aufweist: von Messungen von empfangenen und/oder gesendeten Signalen, von Messungen von elektrischen Eigenschaften der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks, wie beispielsweise Impedanzen oder Streuungsparametern, von Informationen über Empfangs- und/oder Sendebedingungen, die durch das digitale Basisband geliefert werden, von Informationen über Nahfeld-Umgebungsbedingungen, die potenziell durch Sensoren (45) detektiert werden, Informationen, die von einer anderen Station oder der Basisstation eines Netzwerks empfangen werden, mit dem die Vorrichtung kommunizieren kann, oder irgendeiner Kombination davon, wobei der Schritt des Steuerns das Steuern von einem oder mehreren von elektromechanischen Stellgliedern, elektrisch gesteuerten Schaltelementen und/oder elektrisch abstimmbaren reaktiven und/oder verteilten Schaltungselementen umfasst, die durch die Anpassungssteuerungseinheit gesteuert werden können, um die Auswahl des mechanischen Zustands der Mehrfachanschlussantenne und/oder die Auswahl des elektrischen Zustands des Anpassungs- und Entkopplungsnetzwerks durchzuführen.
EP20110167611 2011-05-26 2011-05-26 Drahtlose Vorrichtung mit ausziehbarer Antenne Not-in-force EP2528158B1 (de)

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