EP2527771A1 - Drying reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The drying reactor (2) includes a housing (6) enclosing an interior chamber (4) and having a heatable inner wall (10), a material inlet (12) for introduction of to-be-dried material in the end region (6a) of housing, a dry material discharge outlet (16) which is axially arranged in the end region (6b) of housing, which is opposite to the other end region, and an exhaust vapor outlet (44). The drying chamber has a rest zone (36) delimited from fluidized bed zone (32) by a partition (34) designed to permit only a portion of material from fluidized bed zone to rest zone. The drying reactor includes a housing enclosing an interior chamber and having a heatable inner wall, a material inlet for introduction of to-be-dried material in the end region (6a) of the housing, a dry material discharge outlet which is axially arranged in the end region (6b) of housing, which is opposite to the other end region, and an exhaust vapor outlet. The inner chamber comprises a drying chamber (30) comprising a fluidized bed zone. A rotor shaft (20) which can be driven in a rotating manner around the axis, is arranged in the interior chamber to whirl up the to-be-dried material in the fluidized bed zone through the rotor blades (28a,28b) arranged on the rotor shaft and to convey it from the material inlet in the direction of dry material discharge outlet. The drying chamber has a rest zone which is arranged between the fluidized bed zone and the dry material discharge outlet and is delimited from the fluidized bed zone by a partition. The partition is designed to permit only a portion of the material from the fluidized bed zone to the rest zone. An independent claim is included for drying method of drying reactor.

Description

The present invention relates to a drying reactor according to the preamble of claim 1, a method for drying material in a mechanically generated fluidized bed and the use of the drying reactor for drying wet material, in particular, of sludge or pastes.

In drying technology, there are a variety of different drying processes. In principle, the processes can be divided into three groups, namely contact drying, convective drying and radiation drying. Within the driers of these main groups a number of subgroups can be defined, e.g. Contact dryer with moving material or fluidized bed dryer (as subgroup of convective dryer).

In contact dryers with moving material, the wet material is mechanically set in motion and brought into contact with a heating surface. The material is heated and the moisture contained in it expelled by the liquid components in the gas phase.

In conventional fluidized bed dryers, the material to be dried is convected, for example by an upward air flow, loosened and set in motion. With sufficient agitation, a fluidized bed is created in which the solid particles are in a fluidized state. The entirety of the particles in a fluidized bed have fluid-like properties.

Furthermore, the principle of backmixing is known in the field of fluidized bed drying. According to this principle, dry particles are heated from the material to be dried and introduced the material to be dried in finely divided form to the particles submitted. The wet particles hit the dry particles and stick to them. If the dry particles are present in sufficient quantity, the wet particles are encapsulated by the dry particles. This prevents the formation of sticky phases and ensures that the wet material is in direct contact with the heating surface, where it sticks and forms crusts.

Furthermore, drying reactors were developed under the term "Combi Fluidization" technology (CFT), in which the fluidized bed is not generated convectively but mechanically. The particles are whirled about by moving rotor blades and placed in a (quasi) fluidized bed state, which establishes a (quasi) equilibrium between upwardly transported particles and sinking particles. Thus, in such CFT drying reactors, elements from fluidized bed drying are combined with elements from contact drying.

In the case of the above-mentioned CFT drying reactors, however, a controlled removal of the dry material often proves to be problematic, since this is distributed in a (quasi) fluidized bed and the individual particles have a high velocity. Through the use of a weir, an area delimited by the fluidized bed is obtained, in which a defined product boundary layer can be present. The proportion of dry matter passing through the weir in said area However, is highly dependent on the level of the dry reactor and the speed of the rotor shaft. In addition, the probability is relatively high that not completely dried particles pass the weir and get into the discharge. Thus, both the capacity and the efficiency of the drying reactor are affected by this uncontrolled discharge.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a drying reactor, in particular a CFT drying reactor, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency, the capacity and / or the product quality of the drying.

The object is achieved by a drying reactor according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The inventive drying reactor has a housing enclosing an interior with a heatable inner wall, a material supply for introducing the material to be dried in a first end of the housing, a Trockengutaustrag in a first end axially opposite the second end portion of the housing and a vapor outlet. The interior comprises a drying space comprising a fluidized bed zone. In the interior, a rotatable shaft rotatably driven about its axis is also arranged, which is intended to swirl the material to be dried by means arranged on the rotor shaft rotor blades (or "rotor paddles") in the fluidized bed zone and to promote from the material supply towards Trockengutaustrag out. The drying reactor is characterized the drying space has a calming zone, which is arranged between the fluidized bed zone and the dry product discharge and is delimited from the fluidized bed zone by a dividing wall. The partition wall is designed such that only a portion of the material is transmitted from the fluidized bed zone to the calming zone.

Overall, this allows a controlled material discharge and ultimately an increase in the efficiency and capacity of the drying reactor and an increase in product quality can be achieved.

During operation of the drying reactor according to the invention, a fluidized bed or a quasi-fluidized bed is generated by the rotation of the rotor shaft with the rotor blades arranged thereon in the fluidized bed zone of the drying space.

In particular, the drying reactor is present as a "CFT" drying reactor; Accordingly, the (quasi) fluidized bed is particularly and preferably generated exclusively mechanically, whereby said reactor differs from a conventional fluidized bed reactor.

Dry or partially dried particles of the fluidized bed come into contact with the heated inner wall of the housing and are thus heated. Introduced by the material supply and finely divided fresh wet material comes in contact with the dry or partially dried particles of the fluidized bed. The (partially) dried particles stick to the wet particles. Since many dry particles can quickly attach to the wet particles, one becomes Achieved distribution of the liquid fraction in the wet particles; Consequently, the wet particles are enveloped by the dry particles, which prevents sticky phases from forming and that the wet material comes into direct contact with the inner wall, where it sticks and forms crusts.

In addition, heat is supplied to the wet particles by attaching the dry and hot particles, so that evaporation of the liquid fraction can quickly take place. By contact with the heated inner wall of the housing, by contact with heated particles of the fluidized bed and by heat transfer of the gases present in the interior of the particles to be dried heat is further supplied, resulting in further evaporation of the liquid fraction in the particles to be dried. The evaporation is also favored by the large freely accessible surface and by the good mixing of the particles in the fluidized bed.

In particular, according to the present invention, since the production of the fluidized bed is only mechanically generated, the drying reactor can be run under reduced pressure or vacuum. This makes it possible to use less heat energy for the drying, as is the case for example in a conventional fluidized bed reactor.

The evaporation of the liquid components in the fed wet material leads to the formation of vapors, which can be derived via the vapor outlet from the drying chamber and from the housing. The term "vapors" as used in connection with the present invention is, includes both water vapor and other solvent vapors.

The number and arrangement of the rotor blades along the rotor shaft varies depending on the application of the drying reactor. Usually a regular arrangement of the rotor blades is preferred. This means that the individual rotor blades are usually spaced apart uniformly along the rotor shaft and at the same time regularly distributed in the circumferential direction. The regular arrangement achieves a homogeneous fluidized bed within the fluidized bed zone.

As a result of the rotation of the rotor shaft, a (quasi) fluidized bed is produced by means of the rotor blades on the one hand, as stated above. On the other hand, a conveying direction of the particles is achieved in the direction of the second end region of the housing or in the direction of the material discharge. Because the particles are in a (quasi) fluidized bed, they have high kinetic energy and often interfere with other particles, with the housing, with the partition and / or with the weir, so that the individual particles often change direction. As a result, intensive mixing in the longitudinal direction, ie parallel to the rotor shaft, achieved. Thus, dried or partially dried particles return to the vicinity of the material feed, where they possibly meet with wet particles. Overall, a backmixing according to the introductory description is achieved without, however, requiring an external mechanical outlay for the return flow rate of the dried particles. To increase the intensity of the mixing, the rotor blades with different angles of attack - and thus different throwing or transport directions - be provided. In particular, rotor blades can alternate with oppositely directed throwing or transporting directions. This can be specifically influenced on the backmixing within the drying reactor and the residence time of the particles can be extended or evened out.

The fluidized bed zone of the drying reactor according to the invention is limited in the conveying direction by one or more partitions. In the conveying direction downstream of the at least one partition wall, the calming zone is arranged. This at least one partition is partially permeable, i. that it allows - as mentioned above - the flow of only a part of the particles to be moved on the partition in the settling zone, while the other part bounces against the partition and is prevented from leaving the fluidized bed zone.

In general, the dividing wall protrudes from above into the drying space and, viewed in the conveying direction, covers only part of the cross-sectional area of the interior of the reactor; too high a congestion through the partition is thus prevented. Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable that a partially permeable partition wall is provided which covers the entire cross section of the drying space.

Since the drying reactor is generally designed circular cylindrical, the partition is usually circular or circular segment-shaped.

In general, the partition comprises Ablenklamellen (or "baffles"), which extend in a direction obliquely to the conveying direction and form slit-like openings through which the particles are directed obliquely down during operation of the drying reactor.

Those particles which are transmitted through the dividing wall experience a deflection from the conveying direction predetermined by the rotor blades through the dividing wall. The particles are slowed down.

In the settling zone, the particles subsequently have a lower average velocity than in the fluidized bed zone; Overall, a defined material boundary layer thus forms in the calming zone, which makes a controlled material discharge possible in the first place.

In addition, the residence time of the particles in the fluidized bed zone is prolonged by the dividing wall, so that overall better drying is achieved.

The Ablenklamellen are particularly preferably arranged "optically dense", that is, considered in the conveying direction, each individual Ablenklamelle overlaps with the respective adjacent Ablenklamelle. This prevents flying parallel to the conveying axis particles can enter the calming zone, without being distracted from their trajectory.

According to one embodiment, the controlled discharge of material from the calming zone can be accomplished by means of a weir. In this case, only the overflow reaches a discharge area following the calming zone and finally into the material discharge. The passage of the weir can be configured approximately in the form of a gap.

In the discharge area, no rotor blades are preferably arranged on the rotor shaft, which stir up the particles. Therefore, the dried particles sink and accumulate in the lower part of the discharge area, whereby a bed with a defined material boundary layer is obtained. The discharge area is assigned a dry material outlet with the aid of which the dried particles can be removed from the housing of the dry reactor. Due to the accumulation of the particles, the discharge, in particular the discharge amount, can be precisely controlled.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that a level sensor is provided in the calming zone, by means of which the fill level in the calming zone can be determined. In this embodiment, a discharge screw is usually also provided, which is actuated when exceeding the predetermined maximum level to actively discharge the material to be dried or dry material from the calming zone. The delivery rate of the Trockengutaustrags, in particular the discharge screw is preferably controlled by the level sensor. Characterized in that in this embodiment, the dried material is taken directly from the calming zone, the emptying of the dryer can be simplified about product changes.

According to a further embodiment of the dry reactor according to the invention, the rotor shaft has no rotor blades in the region of the settling zone. As a result, the particles are not whirled up in the calming zone as in the fluidized bed zone and are gradually braked. Thus, in this embodiment, a stowage effect can be achieved, wherein particles collide at high speed from the fluidized bed zone after entering the calming zone with particles therein and are thus additionally braked. Thus, the residence time of the particles in the drying room is further extended and ultimately achieved a better drying.

As an alternative to the first embodiment, the particles are actively mixed in the settling zone. Mixing prevents the settling or deposition of particles in the calming zone. The mixing and loosening of the particles in the calming zone further enables efficient drying. Accordingly, the inner wall is preferably not only in the area of the fluidized bed zone, but in the entire region of the drying space, ie also in the region of the calming zone heated, whereby a recondensation of vapors can be prevented.

A corresponding mixing in the calming zone can be achieved, for example, by an introduced gas stream.

Preferably, a possible mixing in the calming zone is achieved by at least one rotor blade arranged on the rotor shaft, wherein this can be designed to be the same or similar or different in comparison to the rotor blades in the fluidized bed zone. In a preferred embodiment, this extends at least a rotor blade in the region of the calming zone radially less far away from the rotor shaft than the rotor blades in the fluidized bed zone. In addition, it is conceivable to provide less effective rotor blades, in particular those with a smaller angle of attack, or - in the presence of a plurality of rotor blades - a greater distance in the axial direction of the rotor shaft. Thus, on the one hand, a loosening and mixing of the particles in the calming zone is achieved. On the other hand, an excessively large accumulation effect, as would be obtained, for example, when using the rotor blades of the fluidized bed zone, which in extreme cases could lead to a bursting of the weir, is avoided and only a moderate pressure is exerted on the weir.

Especially with long drying reactors is also conceivable to provide several calming zones, which are preferably separated by inventive partitions from each other and in which less effective rotor blades are arranged or a greater distance between the rotor blades is present, as is the case in the fluidized bed zone. In order to counteract the formation of undesirable granules, crushers can be arranged in these zones in order to mechanically break up larger particles.

The vapors formed in the drying room are removed from the housing via a vapor outlet as already mentioned above. In a preferred embodiment, the housing has a Brüdendom, which is arranged between the drying chamber and vapor outlet. In the Brüdendom the particles of the fluidized bed are separated from the vapors. The thus purified vapors can be additionally cleaned with vapor filters before they be removed from the housing via the vapor outlet. The Brüdendom and / or optionally the vapor filter are preferably heatable.

If there is a vapor filter, it will be cleaned from time to time. This cleaning is usually done by means of a pressure surge. The measure according to the invention of providing a calming zone delimited by a partially permeable wall from the fluidized bed zone effectively prevents an uncontrolled discharge even with such a pressure surge.

In a preferred embodiment of the drying reactor according to the invention, the rotor shaft can be heated, as a result of which additional heat energy is introduced into the system, the heating of the particles to be dried is accelerated and, in particular, crust formation is minimized or prevented.

The inventive drying reactor is preferably constructed so that it can be operated both at overpressure, atmospheric pressure and under reduced pressure, in particular vacuum. In particular, a process under reduced pressure or vacuum allows to spend less heat energy for the drying, as is the case for example in a conventional fluidized bed reactor.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for drying material or for separating recyclable materials by means of a fluidized bed mechanically produced in a drying reactor as previously described.

According to the method, due to the rotation of the rotor shaft, a fluidized bed comprising the dry matter of the material to be dried is produced.

The material to be dried is fed via the material feed into the drying reactor to the fluidized bed, whereupon the material to be dried comes into contact with dry particles of the fluidized bed. This achieves a distribution of the liquid fraction in the wet particles. Preferably, the material to be dried is introduced so that it is finely distributed, especially in small droplets or small particles, present in the drying room.

The process according to the invention can be operated both batchwise and continuously. In the batch process, the dry particles can be introduced into the drying room, for example through the same material feed as used for the material to be dried. Alternatively, a separate, provided for the dry particles material supply may be provided on the dry reactor. In continuous operation, dry particles are already present in the drying room together with partially dried particles.

The process is preferably carried out with fill levels between 50 and 90%, particularly preferably 80%. These fill levels ensure that many dry or partially dried particles quickly attach to the wet particles. The contact of the dry and hot particles with the wet or to be dried particles heat is supplied to the latter, so that quickly evaporation of low-boiling compounds of the liquid fraction in the particles to be dried.

The particles of the fluidized bed continue to heat up by contact with the heated inner wall of the housing, whereupon the liquid portion evaporates and the supplied material is dried. The thus formed vapors are derived via a vapor outlet from the dry reactor.

A first portion of the fluidized bed is retained by the dividing wall in the fluidized bed zone. A second portion usually passes through a deflection from the conveying direction in the calming zone, in which the particles have a reduced average speed. In this case, an at least approximately defined material boundary layer forms, which allows the product to be discharged in a controlled manner from the drying reactor by means of a weir or a fill level sensor.

The dried particles in the discharge area are present as a bed and are discharged via the Trockengutaustrag from the drying reactor.

During the process according to the invention, the accumulation of dry particles on wet or dried particles produces particles of increased diameter. This tendency for the volume of the particles to increase over time, especially in a continuously operated process, is counteracted by the shearing force caused by the rotation of the rotor blades or any possible comminution, as a result of which the particles are comminuted.

As mentioned, the process according to the invention is preferably carried out under reduced pressure, in particular vacuum, which makes it possible to lower the process temperature. As a result, firstly, the energy consumption can be reduced. Secondly, this can slow down any undesired decomposition reactions during the process, which is advantageous in particular in the separation of usable materials.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the novel dry reactor for drying wet material, in particular sludge or pastes, and for the treatment of distillation residues, in particular for the recovery of remaining in distillation residues products. Typical applications include the drying of paint sludge, paint sludge, tar sludge and salt-containing and crust-forming products.

Fig. 1

zeigt schematisch einen Längsschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Trocknungsreaktors; und

Fig. 2

zeigt schematisch einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Trocknungsreaktors.

The invention is illustrated by the attached figures:

Fig. 1

schematically shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the inventive drying reactor; and

Fig. 2

schematically shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the inventive drying reactor.

According to Fig. 1 the drying reactor 2 according to the invention has an essentially circular-cylindrical housing 6 enclosing an interior space 4 and having an inner wall 10 that can be heated by means of heating 8. In a first end portion 6a of the housing 6 are through the Inner wall 10 leading material feeds 12, 12 ', 12 "in the form of inlet ports 14, 14', 14" provided for introducing the material to be dried in the interior 10. These inlet ports 14, 14 ', 14 "means such as atomizing can be assigned to deliver the material to be dried in a finely divided form in the interior 10 of the drying reactor 2.

In a first end region 6a opposite in the axial direction of the second end portion 6b a Trockengutaustrag 16 is provided for discharging the dried material.

In the interior 10 a rotatable by means of a motor 18 rotor shaft 20 is arranged. This is rotatably mounted in the end walls 22a, 22b of the housing 6. The bearing 26a and 26b are each disposed on the outside of the end walls 22a, 22b of the housing 6 and has a sealing the rotor shaft 20 sealing 24 approximately in the form of an O-ring.

The rotor shaft 20 has radially spaced rotor blades 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 28f, 28g, 28h. These generate in a first end region 6a of the housing 6 facing drying chamber 30 on the one hand, a (quasi) fluidized bed of the particles and promote these on the other hand from the material supply 12 in the direction of Trockengutaustrag 16 out.

A fluidized bed zone 32 of the drying chamber 30, which faces the first end region 6a and surrounds the (quasi) fluidized bed, adjoins, in the conveying direction downstream, a settling zone 36 of the drying chamber 30 separated from the fluidized bed zone 32 by means of a dividing wall 34.

The partition 34 extends in a plane substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and protrudes from above into the interior 10. It is formed in a circular segment and thus covers only part of the reactor cross-section.

The dividing wall is made partially permeable, that is, only part of the material is allowed to pass from the fluidized bed zone 32 to the settling zone 36. As indicated by dashed lines, the partition wall 34 for this Ablenklamellen 35 which extend parallel to each other and with respect to the conveying direction in obliquely downwardly extending planes and "optically dense" are arranged.

The calming zone 36 is in the in Fig. 1 shown embodiment separated by a material passage 37 comprehensive weir 38 of the second end portion 6b facing discharge region 40, from which the dried material is discharged through the Trockengutaustrag 16 from the interior 10.

Incidentally, in the area of the fluidized-bed zone 32, a brushless passage 50 is provided, to which a broth-dome 48 comprising a vapor filter 46 is flanged. From this, the vapors are discharged via a vapor outlet 44.

In the illustrated embodiment, seven rotor blades 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 28f, 28g are uniformly spaced apart in the fluidized bed zone 32. In the calming zone, a rotor blade 28h is also arranged in the embodiment shown, which extends radially less far from the rotor shaft 20 (and thus further from the inner wall 10) than the rotor blades in the fluidized bed zone 32 and to loosen the particles in the Calming zone 36 is used.

In operation, a (quasi-) fluidized bed is generated by the rotation of the rotor shaft 20 or by means of the rotor blades 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 28f, 28g in the fluidized bed zone, which is heated by the contact with the heated inner wall. The material to be dried is introduced into the drying space 30 via the material feeds 12, 12 ', 12 ", whereupon the material to be dried in the fluidized bed zone 32 comes into contact with the heated particles of the fluidized bed and combines with them In addition, the combined particles are further heated by contact with the heated inner wall 10 of the housing 6, wherein low-boiling compounds evaporate with the formation of vapors and the combined particles are dried.

The vapors are discharged via the Brüdendurchlass 50 in the Brüdendom 48, where any entrained particles are separated at the vapor filter 46 and returned to the interior 10 of the drying reactor 2. The purified vapors leave the Brüdendom 48 via the exhaust outlet 44th

A first portion of the combined particles is retained by the dividing wall 34 in the fluidized bed zone 32. A second portion is conveyed via the slot-like openings of the dividing wall 34 formed by the Ablenklamellen 35 into the settling zone 36, in which the particles have a relation to the fluidized bed zone reduced average velocity and forms a defined material boundary layer. Via the material passage 37 of the weir 38, the overflow of the particles then reaches the discharge area 40.

The particles present in the discharge area 40 as a bed are finally removed via the dry product discharge 16 from the interior 10 of the drying reactor 2.

According to the in Fig. 2 In the embodiment shown, the controlled material discharge is accomplished by means of a level sensor 42 instead of a weir. In this embodiment, the calming zone 36 thus extends from the dividing wall 34 to the end wall 22b. The level sensor 42 is arranged in the region of the calming zone 36 and coupled to a Trockengutaustrag in the form of a discharge screw 17 which is actuated when exceeding a predetermined maximum level to actively discharge the material to be dried or dry material from the calming zone 36.

Claims (15)

Drying reactor with a housing (6) enclosing an interior space (4) with a heatable inner wall (10), a material feed (12, 12 ', 12 ") for introducing the material to be dried in a first end area (6a) of the housing (6) a drying product discharge (16) in a second end region (6b) of the housing (6) axially opposite the first end region (6a) and a vapor exit (44), the interior space (4) having a drying space (30) comprising a fluidized bed zone (32) is arranged, and in the interior (4) is arranged rotatably driven about its axis rotor shaft (20) which is intended, the material to be dried by means of the rotor shaft (20) arranged rotor blades (28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 28f, 28g) in the fluidized bed zone (32) and from the material supply (12, 12 ', 12 ") towards Trockengutaustrag (16) to promote, characterized in that the drying chamber (30) has a calming zone (36) which between d the fluidized bed zone (32) and the Trockengutaustrag (16) and is separated by a partition wall (34) from the fluidized bed zone (32), wherein the partition wall (34) is designed such that only a portion of the material from the fluidized bed zone (32) to the calming zone (36) is allowed to pass. Drying reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the dividing wall (34) Ablenklamellen (35) which extend parallel to each other and with respect to the conveying direction in obliquely downwardly extending planes. Drying reactor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that also in the region of the calming zone (36) at least one rotor blade (28h) is arranged on the rotor shaft (20). Drying reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one rotor blade (28h) extends radially less far away from the rotor shaft (20) in the region of the settling zone (36) than the rotor blades (28a, 28b, 28c, 28d, 28e, 28f , 28g) in the fluidized bed zone (32). Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dividing wall (34) is arranged in a plane extending at least almost perpendicular to the conveying direction. Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dividing wall (34) is circular or circular segment-shaped. Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the settling zone and Trockengutaustrag a weir for the controlled discharge of the material is arranged. Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Drying space is associated with a level sensor for determining the ground level of the level in the calming zone and the Trockengutaustrag (16) comprises a discharge screw (17). Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (6) has a preferably heatable Brendendom (48), wherein the Brüdendom (48) between the drying chamber (30) and vapor exit (44) is arranged. Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotor shaft (20) is heatable. Drying reactor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a CFT drying reactor. Process for the drying of material by means of a fluidized bed mechanically produced in a drying reactor (2) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - By means of the rotation of the rotor shaft (20) a dry particle of the material to be dried comprehensive fluidized bed is generated, - The material to be dried via the material supply (12, 12 ', 12 ") is fed into the drying reactor to the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed is heated by contact with the heated inner wall (10) of the housing (6), drying the material to be dried, - the vapors are derived via a vapor outlet (50), a first portion of the material is retained by the dividing wall (34) in the fluidized bed zone (32) and a second portion of the material is conveyed to the settling zone (36) in which the particles are reduced in average velocity over the fluidized bed zone (32) have, and - The particles from the discharge area (40) via the Trockengutaustrag (16) are discharged. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that it is carried out under reduced pressure, in particular vacuum. Use of the drying reactor according to one of claims 1 to 11 for drying wet material, in particular sludge or pastes. Use of the drying reactor according to one of claims 1 to 11 for the treatment of distillation residues.

Images