EP2526575A1

EP2526575A1 - Blue light emitter with singlet harvesting effect for use in oleds and other organic electronic devices

Info

Publication number: EP2526575A1
Application number: EP11700444A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hartmut Yersin; Rafal Czerwieniec; Tobias Fischer
Original assignee: Cynora GmbH
Current assignee: Cynora GmbH
Priority date: 2010-01-20
Filing date: 2011-01-19
Publication date: 2012-11-28
Also published as: US20130025649A1; DE102010005463A1; WO2011089163A1; US8716510B2

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a platinum‑dicyano‑bisisocyanide complex cluster, having a small ΔE distance, in particular between 500 cm^-1 and 3000 cm^-1, between the lowest triplet state and the overlying singlet state that is populated by means of thermal repopulation from the triplet, in an organic‑electronic device for emission of blue light and for absorption in the ultraviolet and blue spectral range. The invention also relates to the use of the singlet harvesting method. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the high degrees of absorption of such platinum‑dicyano‑bisisocyanide complex clusters.

Description

Singlet Harvesting Blue Light Emitter for use in OLEDs and other organic electronic devices

The invention relates to platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters which have small singlet-triplet energy distances, that is to say the so-called singlet harvesting effect, and are good blue-light emitters. Furthermore, the invention relates to

Use of such complexes in organic electronic devices such as OLEDs.

introduction

Electroluminescent compounds are at the heart of organic light emitting diodes (so-called OLEDs, organic light emitting diodes), which currently lacks in particular good blue emitters for OLEDs. Electroluminescent Compounds Compounds are generally applied either by vacuum sublimation or wet-chemically. In the wet-chemical process, the compounds are generally embedded in or chemically bound to polymeric materials, which are typically such that suitable charge carriers (electrons or holes) can be transported in them with the proviso that when they meet

oppositely charged charge carriers excitons are formed, which transfer their energy to the respective luminescent compound. This luminescent

Connection can then proceed to a specific electronic excitation state, from which a light emission takes place as completely as possible and while largely avoiding radiationless deactivation processes.

As an electronic excited state, which may also result from energy transfer from a suitable precursor exciton formed on matrix molecules, with either or both exceptions, either a singlet or triplet state is contemplated. Since both states are usually occupied in a ratio of 1: 3 due to the spin statistics, it follows that for an emission from the singlet state, which is referred to as fluorescence, only a maximum of 25% of the excitons produced lead to light emission again. In contrast, in a triplet emission, as Phosphorescence is all excitons are exploited (triplet harvesting), so that in this case the internal quantum yield can reach the value of 100%, provided that the excited and energetically above the triplet state singlet state completely in the triplet State relaxes (intersystem crossing) and non-radiation competitive processes remain meaningless. Thus, triplet emitters can be very efficient electro-luminophores and better suited as pure singlet emitters, in an organic light emitting diode for a high level of energy

Luminous efficacy to provide.

However, the hitherto known phosphorescent triplet emitters in OLEDs have a disadvantage in that the emission lifetimes lying in the range of several to many microseconds are relatively long. This results in disadvantages, and indeed, as the current densities increase, the occupation of a majority or of all emitter molecules results in saturation effects. As a result, further charge carrier currents can no longer be used to fill the excited and

lead to emitting states. It then result only unwanted ohmic

Losses. As a result, as the current density increases, the efficiency of the OLED device (so-called "roll-off" behavior) decreases significantly, and the effects of triplet-triplet annihilation and self-quenching have a similarly unfavorable effect (cf. Ref. [1]). A significant reduction of the emission lifetime of the

Emitter molecules could greatly attenuate these processes of decreasing efficiency.

Surprisingly, an effect can be exploited which leads to a significant shortening of the emission lifetime, whereby the high efficiency that is made possible by the triplet harvesting can be fully achieved. This is the "singlet harvesting" method proposed here for the first time, which is illustrated in Figure 1. The already known effects of triplet harvesting [2] occupy the Ti state, resulting in the usual ti- » For example, phosphorescence, but with an unfavorably long emission lifetime

proposed platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters have a small energetic distance ΔΕ between the singlet Si and the triplet Ti. In this Trapping can be carried out at room temperature, a thermal reoccupation from the initially very efficiently occupied TV state in the Sr state. This process is controlled by the Boltzmann distribution according to equation (1). Thus, for the intensity ratio, Lnt (Si -> S ₀ ) / ln t (Ti-> S ₀ ) = k (Si) / k (Ti) exp (-AE / k _B T) (1)

Here, k _{B represents} the Boltzmann constant and T the absolute temperature. K (Si) / k (Ti) is the rate ratio of the transition processes from the singlet Si relative to that from the triplet Ti to the electronic ground state So

According to the invention proposed for use oligomers (platinum-dicyano bisisocyanide complex cluster), this ratio is significantly greater than one.

The described process of thermal reoccupation opens a fast emission channel out of the short-lived Sr state and significantly reduces the overall lifetime. This reduction is more pronounced the smaller the

Energy difference ΔΕ is. This will be explained by means of a numerical example. With an energy difference of ΔΕ = 1000 cm ^-1 , an intensity ratio according to equation (1) of approximately 8 results for room temperature applications (T = 300 K) with k _B T = 210 cm ^-1 and a rate ratio of 10 ³ . the singlet emission in this example is eight times more intense than the triplet emission. So there is a singlet harvesting effect.

Surprisingly, the compounds (oligomers) to be used according to the invention now exhibit these relatively small energy differences .DELTA.Ε. As a result of the singlet harvesting effect, emission lifetimes are greatly reduced and values as low as 400 ns are reached.

The platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters according to the invention exhibit a ΔΕ distance between 500 cm ^-1 and 3000 cm ^-1 , preferably between 500 cm ^-1 and

2000 cm ^"1 . Furthermore, the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters according to the invention exhibit a light emission in the blue range, in particular in the range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 500 nm. The emission maxima are preferably between 430 nm and 480 nm.

The OLED devices are manufactured according to the state of the art process (cf. [1]).

Another important goal is the efficient conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The associated requirements on the device structure are similar in many requirements to those for the construction of an OLED. Thus, in the OLEDs, care must be taken that holes coming from the anode and electrons coming from the cathode recombine at the metal complexes and give off light.

Conversely, in the case of organic solar cells (OSCs, organic solar cells or OPV, organic photovoltaics), starting from the metal complexes excited by sunlight, care must be taken that no new light emission takes place, but that holes and electrons form and migrate to the anode or cathode , In the process leading to the photocurrent in an organic solar cell, which consists of several "elementary" steps, a photon of the incident light is first absorbed by a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex cluster in the absorption layer, Since the excited state cluster (exciton) has different redox properties than the ground state, the hole conductor and electron conductor layer of well-chosen HOMO and LUMO layers relative to the HOMO / LUMO layers of the

Absorption layer for electrical charge separation within the absorption layer or at one of the layer boundaries. The resulting electrons and holes travel through the respective electron or hole line layer in the direction of the electrodes, whereby an electrical voltage is generated at the electrodes. This functional principle results in the requirements for the substances used in the device: a very high absorption of the dye,

relatively good hole or electron conductivities of the excitation transport in the absorption layer provided for this purpose,

effective and rapid exciton dissociation as well as removal of the

Charge carriers in the absorption layer or at one of the boundary layers in order to avoid a hole-electron recombination.

The problems described in the prior art in producing efficient OSCs arise for essentially the following two reasons: i) lack of materials with high light absorption, especially in the blue and ultraviolet range

and

ii) lack of materials with high exciton diffusion lengths, which allow migration of the excitons from the interior of the light-absorbing layer towards the z. B. interface at which the separation of the excitons takes place, ensure.

OSC or OPV devices are manufactured according to the state of the art methods (compare [3]).

Description of the invention

Accordingly, the present invention based on the object, substances for blue light emissions for OLEDs or absorption dyes for the blue or

To provide ultraviolet spectral range for OSCs with which the disadvantages of the prior art can be overcome or with which in particular OLEDs can be produced with emitters with short emission lifetime and OSCs with high absorption.

This object is achieved by the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complexes described here, which form clusters. In this case, the isocyanide ligands have, as in the formulas I to VI described aliphatic or heteroaliphatic groups, which lead to a slight steric hindrance in the formation of columnar structures. In addition, the CH and CH ₂ groups adjacent to the CN groups show an electron-donating effect. Both effects result in matching Pt-Pt distances within the columns, resulting in blue-light emissions due to the Pt-Pt interactions in the clusters in OLEDs.

By providing an organic electronic device comprising a platinum-dicyano-bis-isocyanide complex cluster having a relatively small ΔΕ distance between the lowest triplet state and the singlet state overlying and triply occupied by the triplet thus enabling advantageous organic-electronic devices. In this case, a small ΔΕ-distance means a distance between 500 cm ^"1 and 3000 cm ^{" 1} , preferably between 500 cm ^"1 and 2000 cm ^{" 1} .

For a given complex, the energy gap ΔΕ can be easily determined using Equation (1) given above. A transformation yields: ln {lnt (Si "So) / lnt (Ti" So)} = In {k (Si) / k (Ti)} - (AE / k _B) (1 / T) (1 a )

For the measurement, any commercial spectrophotometer can be used. A graphic plot of the measured at different temperatures

(logarithmized) intensity ratios against the reciprocal of the absolute temperature T usually gives a straight line. The measurement is carried out in a temperature range from room temperature to 77 K, wherein the temperature is adjusted by means of a cryostat. The intensities are determined from the (corrected) spectra, where represent the integrated fluorescence or phosphorescence band intensities, which can be determined by means of the software belonging to the spectrophotometer. These are easily identified because the triplet band is at lower energies than the singlet band and gains in intensity with decreasing temperature. The Line slope is -AE / k _B. With k _B = 1, 380 10 ^"23 JK ^{" 1} = 0.695 cm ^"1 K ^{" 1} the energy gap can be determined directly.

As organic electronic devices within the meaning of the invention

in particular organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting

electrochemical cells (LEECs or LECs), OLED sensors, in particular non-hermetically shielded gas and vapor sensors, organic solar cells (organic solar cells, organic photovoltaics, OPVs), organic field effect transistors, organic Laser, "down conversion" systems, organic diodes or organic photodiodes addressed.

The compounds to be used according to the invention are mononuclear, neutral platinum dicyano bisisocyanide complexes. Such compounds form oligomers (also referred to as "cluster" or "columnar-structure" arrangements). The platinum-platinum interaction results in electronic states having the desired properties described above, ie, these oligomers / clusters have a small energy difference ΔΕ and enable singlet harvesting and show strong absorption

Interactions between the platinum centers energetic states that lead to a blue emission. In addition, there are relatively high-lying HOMOs (highest occupied molecular orbital [1]) and relatively low-lying LUMOs (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital [1]). This has advantages for the exciton formation directly on the emitter in the OLED application [2] and has favorable properties as an absorber in OSCs.

The compounds to be used in the organic electronic devices according to the invention are described by formula I: Formula I

in which

I. 1.: R 1, R 3 = each independently H or a branched or unbranched

aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i with 1 <n <15. One to four CH ₂ subgroups can be replaced by the following (nonadjacent) hetero groups or heteroatoms

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O.S. Se, B, N, P, As, Si

with A1, A2... A12 = H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _{m + 1} (1 <m <10) and

R 2 = a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _2n + i, where 2 <n <15. One to four CH ₂ subgroups can be replaced by the following (nonadjacent) hetero groups or heteroatoms A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O.S. Se, B, N, P, As, Si

H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _{2m + 1} (1 -sm or

I. 2 .: R1 = CH ₃

and

R2, R3 = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _2n + i, with 1 <n <15. One to four CH ₂ subgroups can be represented by the following (non-adjacent) hetero groups or HeteroAtome be replaced

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O.S. Se, B, N, P, As, Si

Si, OO, B or OO with A1, A2 ... A12 = H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _2m + i (1 <m <10).

According to the invention, preference is given to platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complexes of the formula II: Formula II

where the radicals are defined as follows:

II. 1.: R1 ', R3' = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i, with 1 <n <15. One to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups can by a Be replaced and oxygen atom

R2 '= a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i, where 2 <n <15. One to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups can be replaced by an oxygen atom; or

II. .: 2 R1 '= CH ₃

and

R2 ', R3' = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i, with 1 <n <15. One to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups can be replaced by an oxygen atom.

Preferably, the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters described herein are used in an emitter layer of an OLED, wherein the concentration of the complex in the layer is preferably 20 wt.% To 100 wt.%, Particularly preferably 50 wt.% To 100 wt.% Is.

The platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters described here can also be used in an absorber layer in an organic solar cell, the proportion of the complex in the layer preferably being from 20% by weight to 100% by weight, particularly preferably 50% by weight 100% by weight.

An organic solar cell may have various solar cell units. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the light irradiation facing side of the OSC having a platinum-isocyanide complex according to the invention a first solar cell absorbs the blue or the untraviolet spectral component, in a direction of light irradiation arranged underneath the second solar cell, the green component and in one third solar cell the red / IR component. The first solar cell for green and red light and IR radiation and the second solar cell for red light and IR radiation is transparent.

The invention also relates to the use of a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex cluster having a ΔΕ distance between the lowest triplet state and the overlying singlet state between 500 cm ^"1 and 3000 cm ^{" 1} , in an organic electronic device.

Said organic electronic device is specifically selected from the group consisting of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs or LECs), OLED sensors, in particular non-hermetically shielded gas and vapor sensors, organic

Solar cells (OSCs), organic field-effect transistors, organic lasers, organic diodes, organic photodiodes and "down conversion" systems, ie systems for the transformation of UV light into blue light. In a preferred embodiment of this use, the platinum-dicyano-bis-isocyanide complex cluster in the organic electronic device is both charge transport material and light source.

The invention furthermore relates to a method for producing light, in particular in the range of wavelengths from 400 nm to 500 nm. The emission maxima are preferably between 430 nm and 480 nm, comprising the step of providing a cluster-forming platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex, in particular according to the formulas I to VI.

The invention also relates to a method for producing blue emission with a short emission decay time using a cluster-forming platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex, in particular according to formulas I to VI.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing an organic electronic device, which is in particular selected from the group consisting of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs or LECs), OLED sensors, in particular non-hermetically shielded gas and steam sensors, organic solar cells (OSCs),

organic field-effect transistors, organic lasers, organic diodes, organic photodiodes and "down conversion" systems, wherein a platinum-isocyanide complex, in particular according to formula I, preferably according to formulas II to VI, is used.

characters

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing of the figures.

Figure 1 shows the singlet harvesting effect. The singlet state Si is occupied in the process of electroluminescence via the singlet path (25%) and the triplet state ΤΊ via the triplet path (75%). After the very fast process of intersystem crossing (ISC), the singlet excitation relaxes very quickly into the triplet state Ti, ie the total excitation energy is collected in the triplet state Ti. (Triplet harvesting) [1]. In the case of the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters used according to the invention with a small energy difference between the states ΤΊ and Si, the state Si is effectively thermally re-occupied according to k _B T (thermal equilibrium). As a result, there is a very short cooldown on the issue.

Figure 2 shows spectra of Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanooctane) ₂ . FIG. 3 shows spectra of Pt (CN) ₂ (1-isocyano-3-isopropoxypropane) ₂ . FIG. 4 shows spectra of Pt (CN) ₂ (1,3-dimethylbut-1-yl isocyanide) ₂ . Figure 5 shows spectra of Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanobutane) ₂ .

Figure 6 shows the coordinates of the complexes according to the invention according to formulas III to VI in the CIE color triangle [4], which is shown here in gray scale.

FIG. 7 shows the mode of operation of an embodiment of an OLED schematically. The device comprises at least one anode, a cathode and an emitter layer.

Advantageously, one or both of the electrodes used as the cathode or anode is made transparent, so that the light can be emitted by this electrode. Indium tin oxide is preferred as the transparent electrode material (ITO) used. Particularly preferably, a transparent anode is used. The other electrode may also be formed of a transparent material, but may also be formed of another material with suitable electron work function, if light is to be emitted only by one of the two electrodes. Preferably, the second electrode, in particular the cathode, consists of a metal with high electrical conductivity, for example of aluminum, or silver, or a Mg / Ag or a Ca / Ag alloy.

Between the two electrodes, an emitter layer is arranged. This may be in direct contact with the anode and the cathode, or in indirect contact, where indirect contact means that further layers are included between the cathode or anode and the emitter layer so that the emitter layer and the anode and / or cathode are not touch, but via other intermediate layers are electrically in contact with each other. Upon application of a voltage, for example a voltage of 2 V to 20 V, in particular of 5 V to 10 V, negatively charged electrons emerge from the cathode, for example a conductive metal layer, particularly preferably from an aluminum cathode, and migrate in the direction of the positive one Anode. From this anode, in turn, positive charge carriers, so-called holes, travel in the direction of the cathode. In the emitter layer arranged between the cathode and the anode, according to the invention, there are platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex clusters, in particular of the formulas I to VI, as emitters. At the emitter oligomers or in their vicinity, the migrating charge carriers, ie a negatively charged electron and a positively charged hole, recombine, leading to neutral but energetically excited states of the emitter substances. The excited states of the emitters then release the energy as light emission.

Quoted literature

[1] H. Yersin, Editor, "Highly Efficient OLEDs with Phosphorescent Materials", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2008.

[2] H. Yersin, Top. Curr. Chem. 2004, 241, 1.

[3] K. Walzer, B. Maennig, M. Pfeiffer, K. Leo, Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 1233. [4] CIE, Commision Internationale de Eclairage - 1931, Proceedings, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1932.

Examples:

The invention is explained in more detail by the following examples.

Examples of platinum-dicyano bisisocyanide clustering complexes are shown below. The resulting clusters are characterized by a small singlet-triplet distance, a short emission decay time and a blue emission, and by the appearance of the singlet harvesting effect as described herein. Such complexes may be contained in pure form or as mixtures of various platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complexes described herein in organic electronic devices.

Example 1: Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanooctane) ₂

formula

Example 2: Pt (CN) ₂ (1-isocyano-3-isopropoxypropane) ₂

Example 3: Pt (CN) ₂ (1,3-dimethylbut-1-yl isocyanide) ₂

Formula V

Example 4: Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanobutane) ₂

Formula VI Example 5: Preparation and Characterization of Organic

electroluminescent

OLEDs are produced according to the general procedure outlined below. In individual cases, this must be adapted to the respective circumstances (such as

Layer thickness variation to achieve optimum efficiency or color) can be adjusted.

General procedure for the preparation of the OLEDs

The production of such components is based on the production of polymeric light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which has already been described many times in the literature (eg in WO

04/037887). In the present case, the compounds according to the invention are dissolved together with the listed matrix materials or matrix material combinations in chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dichloromethane, acetone, acetonitrile or tetrahydrofuran. The typical layer thickness of the emitter layer from 20 nm to 80 nm can be achieved by spin coating.

The platinum complexes can also be applied in suitable cases by vacuum sublimation or vapor phase deposition methods.

The following compounds according to the invention can be used as emitter and matrix materials, the syntheses of which are described below.

Description of the Syntheses of the Complexes of Formula III to VI

2.2 mmol of the corresponding isocyanide are added dropwise to a suspension of Pt (CN) ₂ (1 mmol) in 40 ml of an ethanol / water mixture (3: 1, v: v). The suspension is stirred for 7 days at room temperature. The solvent mixture is removed in vacuo. The residual solid is washed with water and extracted three times with dichloromethane. The solvent is allowed to evaporate off, and the residual crude product is crystallized from acetonitrile (possibly by slowly diffusing diethyl ether to a solution of the complex in acetonitrile). The crystals show strong blue luminescence when irradiated with ultraviolet light. analysis:

Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanooctane) ₂ spectra, s. FIG. 2

Formula: C ₂₀ H ₃₄ N ₄ Pt (525.6 g / mol)

Mass spectrometry: ES MS: m / z 525.3 (MH ⁺ ).

Pt (CN) ₂ (1-isocyano-3-isopropoxypropane) ₂ spectra, s. Figure 3 empirical formula: C ₆ H ₂₆ N ₄ O ₂ Pt (501 .5 g / mol)

Mass spectrometry: ES MS: m / z 501.2 (MH ⁺ ).

Pt (CN) ₂ (1,3-dimethylbut-1-yl isocyanide) ₂ spectra, s. Figure 4 Summary formula: Ci ₆ H ₂₆ N ₄ Pt (469.5 g / mol)

Mass spectrometry: ES MS: m / z 469.2 (MH ⁺ ).

Pt (CN) ₂ (2-isocyanobutane) ₂ spectra, s. FIG. 5

Formula: d ₂ H ₁₈ N ₄ Pt (413.4 g / mol)

Mass spectrometry: ES MS: m / z 413.0 (MH ⁺ ).

Claims

claims

1 . Use of a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex of the formula I in an organic-electronic device for emission or absorption of light in the spectral range from 400 nm to 500 nm (blue light),

Formula I

in which

R1, R3 = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i with 1 <n <15, wherein one to four CH ₂ subgroups by the following (non-adjacent) hetero groups or heteroatoms can be replaced

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O.S. Se, B, N, P, As, Si

with A1, A2,..., A12 = H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _2m + i (1 <m <10). and

R 2 = a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i, where 2 <n <15, where one to four CH ₂ subgroups may be replaced by the following (nonadjacent) hetero groups or heteroatoms

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O, S, Se, B, N, P, As, Si

with A1, A2,..., A12 = H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _2m + i (1 <m <10);

or

R1 = CH ₃

and

R _2, R 3 = each independently is H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _2n + i, with 1 <n <15 and one to four CH ₂ subgroups by the following (non-adjacent) hetero groups or hetero Atoms can be replaced

A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 ^ 6

O.S. Se, B, N, P, As, Si

with A1, A2,..., A12 = H or an aliphatic group: C _m H _{2m + 1} (1 <m <10).

2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex has a structure according to formula II

Formula II

where the radicals are defined as follows:

R1 ', R3' = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _2n + i, with 1 <n <15 where one to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups can be replaced by an oxygen atom and

R2 '= a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _{2n +} i, where 2 <n <15, where one to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups may be replaced by an oxygen atom; or

R1 '= CH ₃

and R2 ', R3' = each independently H or a branched or unbranched aliphatic or hetero-aliphatic group C _n H _2n + i, with 1 <n <15, wherein one to four non-adjacent CH ₂ subgroups may be replaced by an oxygen atom.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a platinum-dicyano-Bisisocyanid- complex cluster acts both as a charge transport material and as a light emitter.

4. Organic-electronic device containing a cluster-forming platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex of the formula I or II, in particular of the formula III to VI for the emission of light in the spectral range from 400 nm to 500 nm (blue light) and / or Absorption of light in the untraviolet and blue spectral range.

5. Organic-electronic device according to claim 4 in the form of an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), characterized by a platinum-dicyano-Bisisocyanid- complex of formula I or II, in particular according to formula III to VI having

Emitter layer, wherein the proportion of the platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex in the emitter layer is preferably between 20 wt.% And 100 wt.%, Preferably between 50 wt.% And 100 wt.%.

6. Organic-electronic device according to claim 4 in the form of an organic solar cell (OSC), characterized by a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex according to formula I or II, in particular according to formula III to VI having absorber layer, wherein the proportion of platinum Dicyano-bisisocyanide complex is between 20% by weight and 100% by weight, preferably between 50% by weight and 100% by weight.

7. Organic-electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that in the light irradiation facing side of the OSC a first

Solar unit unit absorbs only the blue and / or the ultraviolet spectral component, in a direction of light irradiation arranged thereunder second solar cell unit, the green component and in a third solar cell unit, the red / IR component is absorbed, wherein the first solar cell unit for green and red light and IR radiation and the second solar cell unit are transparent to red light and IR radiation.

8. A method for producing light in the blue spectral range, in particular in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 500 nm, preferably with emission maxima between 430 nm and 480 nm, comprising the step of providing a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex according to formula I or II, in particular according to formula III to VI.

9. A method for producing an organic electronic device, wherein a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex according to formula I or II, in particular according to formula III to VI is used.

10. Use according to claim 1 to 3, organic electronic device according to claim 4, the method of claim 9, wherein the organic electronic

Device is selected from the group consisting of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs or LECs), OLED sensors, in particular non-hermetically outwardly shielded gas and steam sensors, organic solar cells (OSCs), organic field effect transistors, organic Lasers, organic diodes, organic photodiodes and "down conversion" systems.

1 1. Use according to claim 1 to 3, organic electronic device according to claim 4 to 7, method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a platinum-dicyano-bisisocyanide complex cluster has a ΔΕ-distance between the lowest triplet state and the overlying singlet Condition between 500 cm ^"1 and 3000 cm ^{" 1} , preferably between 500 cm ^"1 and 2000 cm ^{" 1} , has.

12. Use according to claim 1 to 3, organic electronic device according to claim 4 to 7, method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the platinum-dicyano bisisocyanide complex cluster has an emission cooldown of less than 3 s, preferably less than 1, 5 s, more preferably below 1 s.