EP2526531B1 - Verfahren zum sichern eines objekts und entsprechendes objekt - Google Patents

Verfahren zum sichern eines objekts und entsprechendes objekt Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2526531B1
EP2526531B1 EP10809300.6A EP10809300A EP2526531B1 EP 2526531 B1 EP2526531 B1 EP 2526531B1 EP 10809300 A EP10809300 A EP 10809300A EP 2526531 B1 EP2526531 B1 EP 2526531B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
graphic
layer
signature
graphic element
identifier
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EP10809300.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2526531A1 (de
Inventor
Hugues Souparis
Kristen Le Liboux
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Surys SA
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Hologram Industries SAS
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Priority to PL10809300T priority Critical patent/PL2526531T3/pl
Publication of EP2526531A1 publication Critical patent/EP2526531A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/202—Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching
    • G07D7/2033—Matching unique patterns, i.e. patterns that are unique to each individual paper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
    • G07D7/0047—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using checkcodes, e.g. coded numbers derived from serial number and denomination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/12—Card verification
    • G07F7/125—Offline card verification

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of securing objects, possibly including the verification, the authentication thereof.
  • the present invention aims to increase the total number of unique signatures that can be generated from the superposition of graphic elements.
  • the graphic signature is unique.
  • the creation of the multilayer graphic signature further comprises the superposition in partial or total transparency of a third graphic element on a third layer, distinct from the first and second layers, the relative position of said third graphic element and said first graphic element. and / or said second graphic element being random, said third graphic element possibly comprising a random graphic element.
  • the storage step comprises a step of affixing said multilayer graphic signature on said object, or integrating said multilayer graphic signature to said object.
  • said object is a multilayer object, the integration of said multilayer graphic signature to said object being carried out in at least one of said object's layers.
  • each layer of the signature is a respective layer of said object.
  • the numeric or alpha-numeric identifier may be dependent or independent of the object or signature.
  • the numerical or alpha-numerical identifier makes it possible to index the digital signature. For this purpose it can be an index, a sequential registration number, or correspond to at least one distinctive or nominative element of the object.
  • the production of the first shot of the multilayer graphic signature is performed during the manufacture of the object, for example by means of a CCD sensor, so that the reference digital signature is created from the first one. shooting before putting the object on the market.
  • the graphic identifier is a datamatrix.
  • said graphic identifier is printed on one of the layers of said multilayer signature.
  • the second digital image of the multilayer graphic signature is made after the manufacture of the object, so that the second digital signature is created after the object is put on the market.
  • the method further comprises a step of determining the type of signature / object.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program, comprising program code instructions for performing the steps of a method as defined above when said program is run on a computer.
  • the object is essentially characterized in that the relative position of the first graphic element and the second graphic element is random.
  • the object further comprises a third graphic element that may comprise a random graphic element on a third layer, distinct from the first and second layers, and wherein the relative position of said third graphic element and said first graphic element and / or said second graphical element is random.
  • a third graphic element may comprise a random graphic element on a third layer, distinct from the first and second layers, and wherein the relative position of said third graphic element and said first graphic element and / or said second graphical element is random.
  • the object further comprises a graphical identifier, optionally multilayer, from a shooting of the superimposed set of said first and second graphic elements, and said third graphic element when it exists; and / or from said at least one distinctive or nominative element of the object.
  • the graphic identifier makes it possible to unequivocally designate the secure object in a database by means of its corresponding numerical identifier, for the purpose of authenticating said object.
  • said graphic identifier is printed on one of said multilayer signature layers, preferably in the form of datamatrix.
  • said object is a multilayer object, one of which supports or contains the first graphic element, another layer supports or contains the second graphic element, and possibly another layer still supports or contains, when there is the third graphic element.
  • the object and the graphic signature comprise the same number of layers, so that each layer of the signature is a respective layer of said object.
  • the object further comprises a package, wherein one or one of the layers is the first, second, or third layer when it exists.
  • the invention ensures the uniqueness and non-reproducibility of the signature, therefore the security of the object. Indeed, if it is theoretically possible to regenerate the same code (same graphic element (s)) by computer and to reprint it on an object, because of the mechanical tolerances of the processes implemented, this ( s) graphic element (s) will never be located in exactly the same place, which makes practically impossible the reproduction of the signature.
  • the invention also has the advantage that the association of the signature with the object may not require the use of exogenous materials to said object. Its longevity is therefore the same as an object to which no such signature is associated.
  • the object 10 to be secured is a multilayer object, in this case a document, official document (card) of identity for example, in which the object to be secured, will be described essentially.
  • Multilayer signature 23 according to the invention is integrated.
  • Partial layer means a layer whose surface is smaller than the surface of the object on which it is superimposed, for example a label.
  • the object 10 typically comprises a first layer 11, called the base layer, on which is printed a first graphic, for example in the form of guilloches ( figure 1 ).
  • a first graphic for example in the form of guilloches ( figure 1 ).
  • the card consists of an assembly of several layers produced independently.
  • the first layer is generally printed in offset, screen printing or other printing techniques used for the realization of security graphics.
  • the independent layers are assembled by boards comprising for example 24 or 48 cards and each card is then cut individually.
  • a second layer 12 for example polycarbonate, for example customizable by laser marking, in which is printed a second graphic, different from the first graphic.
  • the second graphic is printed during the personalization step of the card, once the card is assembled.
  • optically variable we mean an element whose at least one of its aspects changes when it is subject to a relative movement with respect to the line of sight of an observer (human being, camera).
  • the relative movement may be a translational movement, and / or a rotational movement, about a horizontal axis (X axis), a vertical axis (Y axis), and / or rotation in the plane of the X the secure object (Z axis).
  • the graphic signature 23 is multilayer.
  • Each graphic element 20, 21, 22 of the multilayer graphic signature is included in a respective graphic window F1, F2, F3, the shapes and dimensions of the windows F1, F2, F3 preferably being identical to each other.
  • the graphic signature in the sense of the present invention is the graphic result of the superposition of said windows, by partial or total transparency of a set of graphic elements distributed over a plurality of layers, as illustrated. figure 2 .
  • the graphic windows correspond for example to all or part of a face of the object 10.
  • each layer comprises a respective single graphic element
  • first graphic signature element 20 on a first layer 11 and at least one second graphic signature element 21 on a second layer 12.
  • the first graphic signature element 20 may be a predetermined graphic element (image, logo or other) or a random graphic element.
  • the population of unique elements generated by the algorithm used for the creation of the random graphic element is preferably greater than one million.
  • the object analyzed for verification / authentication of the signature is the global pattern obtained by superimposing the layers.
  • the overall pattern is itself printed with a positioning tolerance with respect to the print medium (s) represented by the layers, at least one of which preferably comprises at least one fixed element (non-random ) analysable.
  • the combination of the graphic randomness generated by the algorithm and the positioning randomness of the graphic windows F1, F2, F3 ensures a real random source in the global pattern to be analyzed. in the graphic signature 23.
  • X max is the horizontal size of the discrete array.
  • Y max the vertical size.
  • Each random pattern Mi is therefore characterized in particular by its abscissa (Mi (xi)), its ordinate (Mi (yi)) on the grid, its size, and its orientation.
  • Another parameter may be the color of the pattern which can also be randomly determined in a predefined color palette.
  • the first graphic signature element 20 is an extract from the first graphic of the first layer 11 of the object, in this case an extract of guilloches, printed on the object to be secured / authenticated.
  • the second signature graphic element 21 on the second layer may also be a predetermined graphic element (image, logo or other) or a random graphic element as described above.
  • the second layer 12 of the object comprises distinctive or nominative elements of the object, in this case personal information about the wearer of the object, for example the surname, first name, date of birth, etc.
  • the object is equipped with an electronic chip, it is provided with a serial number that can serve as a distinctive or nominative element of the object, the chip being generally inserted into another layer (no illustrated) of object 10.
  • the object further comprises a graphical identifier 30, optionally multilayer, from a shooting of the graphic signature 23; and / or from said at least one distinguishing or nominative element of the object, for example the graphic identifier is generated by an algorithmic engine notably from the personal information and / or the chip number.
  • the graphic identifier 30 is created during the personalization or the serialization of the object.
  • the relative position error between windows F1, F2, F3 be as small as possible, that is to say to say less than a threshold, for example to give uniformity of appearance to all the objects produced.
  • the invention advantageously uses instead the random error of relative position.
  • the signature is unique.
  • graphic element and / or said second graphic element is random, for the same reasons.
  • the third graphic element 22 is a hologram carried by a laminate (laminar layer), and applied after personalization of the object 10.
  • the multilayer signature 23 therefore comprises, in total or partial superposition, the first 20, second 21 and optionally third 22 graphic element ( Figure 2A ).
  • This shooting is for example recorded in a database. From this shooting, a digital signature is calculated, and this digital signature is recorded in a (possibly the same) database, so as to constitute at least a part of a reference digital signature.
  • a digital signature is calculated, and this digital signature is recorded in a (possibly the same) database, so as to constitute at least a part of a reference digital signature.
  • two databases are used: one that contains the image of the shot, and one that contains the calculated signature, for reasons of space and security.
  • the digital signature is computed from the shooting of the graphic signature preferably by a specific algorithm making particular use of the field of image processing.
  • the digital shot is pretreated to eliminate noise, rectified from a preset landmark that must be included on one of the layers to correct any distortion or distortion effects. of rotation due to shooting, and then analyzed to produce descriptors that will constitute said signature, or digital fingerprint.
  • a numerical identifier is then associated with said digital signature record, so as to facilitate subsequent searches by indexing.
  • the numerical identifier can be an index, or correspond to at least one distinctive or nominative element of the object, for example a serial number, the name and / or first name of the bearer of the object 10, etc.
  • the digital identifier is stored remotely on the same server (database) as the reference signature, preferably accessible securely, possibly via the Internet.
  • the numerical identifier makes it possible to index the graphic signature.
  • the digital identifier is a function, for example of hashing, of the digital image of the graphic signature 23.
  • MRZ Machine Readable Zone
  • the graphic identifier 30 is printable and coded as a two-dimensional barcode symbol.
  • the numerical identifier 30 is a Datamatrix ( Figures 2B, 2C ).
  • the graphic identifier 30 is further stored locally on the object, by apposition, printing, gluing, insertion or the like.
  • the Datamatrix is printed on the card 10 after the lamination of at least one of the first 11, second 12 and optionally third layer 13 of the card if the graphic identifier is an index; and after lamination of all layers otherwise.
  • the verification / authentication of the signature can be implemented in the following manner.
  • a digital shooting of the multilayer graphic signature 23 is carried out, for example by a camera or any equipment provided with a CCD sensor and a memory.
  • the digital shooting of the multilayer graphic signature 23 is then compared to the reference digital signature.
  • a 1: 1 comparison is made between the object to be analyzed and the reference digital signature (of the object or original document) bearing the same number or the same identifier, rather than a search 1 of N which could be disrupted by the presence of several similar motives in a base of several million.
  • the comparison can be implemented by studying similarities or by studying differences between a signature to be analyzed, called “suspicious” stored on or in a “suspect” object, and a reference signature, called “authentic”.
  • the comparison is carried out in a manner known per se, in particular in image analysis, by the characterization of shapes (detection of salient points, extraction of contours, etc.), texture (matrices of cooccurrences, etc. ...) and colors, combined. Numerically, it can consist, for example, in calculating a bit error rate (BER) between the two signatures, and in returning "True” when this rate is lower than a given threshold, "False” in the opposite case.
  • BER bit error rate
  • the threshold is preferably chosen so that the statistical probability that the response is erroneous is negligible.
  • the predetermined criteria for comparing two digital signatures preferably depend on the nature of the information stored therein.
  • a criterion can be based on the calculation of a distance between two paired descriptors (that is to say computed with the same coordinates or on the same graphical elements of the shooting of the graphic signature of the suspect of one part, and that of the reference on the other hand) according to a formula adapted to the nature of the descriptor.
  • the use of a threshold then makes it possible to accept or reject the criterion depending on whether the distance is below or above it.
  • the decision process is preferably chosen so that the probability of a false answer is negligible.
  • a step of determining the type of signature / object can also be provided to increase the search speed of the reference signature.
  • This step includes the location of the graphic identifier (DataMatrix for example) and the determination of its orientation and its scale in the digital image.
  • reading the image of the graphic identifier 30 may make it possible to determine that the object is of the type of identity card, of the passport type, of the manufactured object type, etc. Of this type, it is possible to search for the corresponding reference signature only on the part of the database in which this type of signature is stored, and not on the whole of the database. It is also possible to provide several databases, one for each type of object, in order to increase the security of the process.
  • the image extracted in the previous step may have certain characteristics that are common with the type of object.
  • the graphic signature comprises a constant background printed with a specific graphic (for example guilloches)
  • this step may consist in making sure that the background in question is present on the image, by means of any printing technique. known image analysis.
  • the program may terminate by returning an appropriate message to the user.
  • the object 10 may comprise a package, a layer of said package constituting in this case the first 11 and / or second layer 12 of the object 10.
  • the object 10 comprises a substrate provided with a background printing and possibly personalization information may comprise random elements.
  • the position of the packaging with respect to the background printing, or even the personalization information is given with a certain tolerance, and therefore with a hazard, for the mechanical reasons mentioned above. before.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous for securing sensitive products, for example for pharmaceutical products, for example drugs, packaged in a preprinted box, then personalized with a lot number and a date (of manufacture, expiry, consumption etc); a box on which a hologram can then be applied in the form of a transparent self-adhesive label before digitally acquiring the graphic signature at the end of the packaging line.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Image Generation (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren zur Sicherung eines Gegenstands (10), das Schritte enthält, die darin bestehen:
    - eine mehrschichtige grafische Signatur (23) durch Übereinanderanordnung, mit teilweiser oder vollständiger Transparenz, eines ersten grafischen Elements (20) auf einer ersten Schicht (11) und eines zweiten grafischen Elements (21) auf einer zweiten Schicht (12) zu erzeugen, von denen mindestens ein grafisches Element (20, 21) ein grafisches Zufallselement enthält, und
    - die grafische Signatur auf oder im Gegenstand (10) zu lagern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die relative Position des ersten grafischen Elements (20) und des zweiten grafischen Elements (21) zufällig ist.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Erzeugung der mehrschichtigen grafischen Signatur (23) außerdem die Übereinanderanordnung, mit teilweiser oder vollständiger Transparenz, eines dritten grafischen Elements (22) auf einer dritten Schicht (13), die sich von der ersten (11) und der zweiten (12) Schicht unterscheidet, enthält, und wobei die relative Position des dritten grafischen Elements (22) und des ersten (20) grafischen Elements und/oder des zweiten (21) grafischen Elements zufällig ist, wobei das dritte grafische Element (22) ein grafisches Zufallselement enthalten kann.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Lagerungsschritt einen Schritt enthält, der darin besteht, die mehrschichtige grafische Signatur (23) auf dem Gegenstand (10) anzubringen, oder die mehrschichtige grafische Signatur in mindestens einen Teil des Gegenstands zu integrieren.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das außerdem Schritte enthält, die darin bestehen:
    - eine erste Bildaufnahme der mehrschichtigen grafischen Signatur (23) durchzuführen,
    - eine erste digitale Signatur der Bildaufnahme zu berechnen und die digitale Signatur in einer Datenbank zu speichern, um mindestens einen Teil einer digitalen Bezugssignatur zu bilden, und
    - in der Datenbank eine digitale oder alphanumerische Kennung zu speichern, die der ersten digitalen Signatur zugeordnet ist.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das außerdem Schritte enthält, die darin bestehen:
    - eine optional mehrschichtige grafische Kennung (30) ausgehend von einer Bildaufnahme der übereinander angeordneten Einheit des ersten (20) und des zweiten (21) grafischen Elements und des dritten (22) grafischen Elements, wenn es existiert, und/oder ausgehend von mindestens einem unterscheidenden oder namensbezogenen Element des Gegenstands zu erzeugen, und
    - die grafische Kennung 30 auf oder im Gegenstand (10) zu lagern, optional auf einer der Schichten der mehrschichtigen Signatur.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 5, das außerdem Schritte enthält, die darin bestehen:
    - eine zweite digitale Bildaufnahme der mehrschichtigen grafischen Signatur (23) durchzuführen,
    - eine zweite digitale Signatur der Bildaufnahme zu berechnen,
    - die erste und die zweite digitale Signatur zu vergleichen, und
    - die grafische Signatur abhängig vom Ergebnis des Vergleichs zu authentifizieren oder nicht.
  7. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 6, wobei das Verfahren für den Vergleichsschritt außerdem Schritte enthält, die darin bestehen:
    - die grafische Kennung zu lesen,
    - daraus die entsprechende digitale Kennung zu entnehmen, und
    - die zugeordnete digitale Bezugssignatur auszuwählen.
  8. Computerprogramm, das Programmcodeanweisungen zur Ausführung der Schritte des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche enthält, wenn das Programm auf einem Computer ausgeführt wird.
  9. Gesicherter Gegenstand (10), der enthält:
    - eine mehrschichtige grafische Signatur (23), die auf oder im Gegenstand (10) gelagert ist, hergestellt durch Übereinanderanordnung, mit teilweiser oder vollständiger Transparenz, eines ersten grafischen Elements (20) auf einer ersten Schicht (11) und eines zweiten grafischen Elements (21) auf einer zweiten Schicht (12), von denen mindestens ein grafisches Element (20, 21) ein grafisches Zufallselement enthält,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - die relative Position des ersten grafischen Elements (20) und des zweiten grafischen Elements (21) zufällig ist.
  10. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach Anspruch 9, der außerdem ein drittes grafisches Element (22), das ein grafisches Zufallselement enthalten kann, auf einer dritten Schicht (13) enthält, die sich von der ersten (11) und der zweiten (12) Schicht unterscheidet, und wobei die relative Position des dritten grafischen Elements (22) und des ersten grafischen Elements (20) und/oder des zweiten grafischen Elements (22) zufällig ist.
  11. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, der außerdem eine optional mehrschichtige grafische Kennung (30) ausgehend von einer Bildaufnahme der übereinander angeordneten Einheit des ersten (20) und zweiten (21) grafischen Elements und des dritten (22) grafischen Elements, wenn es existiert, und/oder ausgehend von dem mindestens einen unterscheidenden oder namensbezogen Elements des Gegenstands enthält.
  12. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach Anspruch 11, wobei die grafische Kennung (30) auf eine der Schichten der mehrschichtigen Signatur {23} gedruckt wird, vorzugsweise in Form einer Datamatrix.
  13. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, wobei der Gegenstand (10) ein mehrschichtiger Gegenstand ist, von dem eine der Schichten das erste grafische Element trägt, eine andere Schicht das zweite grafische Element trägt, und ggf. noch eine weitere Schicht das dritte grafische Element, wenn es existiert, trägt.
  14. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach Anspruch 13, wobei jede Schicht (20, 21, 22) der Signatur (23) eine jeweilige Schicht (11, 12, 13) des Gegenstands (10) ist.
  15. Gesicherter Gegenstand nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, der außerdem eine Verpackung enthält, von der die oder eine der Schichten die erste (11), zweite (12) oder dritte Schicht (13) ist, wenn sie existiert.
EP10809300.6A 2010-01-18 2010-12-20 Verfahren zum sichern eines objekts und entsprechendes objekt Active EP2526531B1 (de)

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PL10809300T PL2526531T3 (pl) 2010-01-18 2010-12-20 Sposób zabezpieczania obiektu i odpowiedni obiekt

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1000176A FR2955288B1 (fr) 2010-01-18 2010-01-18 Procede de securisation d'un objet, et objet correspondant
PCT/FR2010/052822 WO2011086275A1 (fr) 2010-01-18 2010-12-20 Procede de securisation d'un objet et objet correspondant

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EP2526531A1 EP2526531A1 (de) 2012-11-28
EP2526531B1 true EP2526531B1 (de) 2015-06-03

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US (1) US10290167B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2526531B1 (de)
EA (1) EA025707B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2548328T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2955288B1 (de)
PL (1) PL2526531T3 (de)
UA (1) UA106785C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2011086275A1 (de)

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US7212209B2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2007-05-01 Barbara Lehman System and method of representing personal profile in symmetrical graphical form
WO2006053685A2 (de) * 2004-11-18 2006-05-26 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Wertdokumente, herstellung und prüfung von wertdokumenten
FR2890666A1 (fr) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-16 Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A Structure comportant un substrat en matiere fibreuse et procede pour authentifier et/ou identifier une telle structure.
US8179412B2 (en) * 2009-08-19 2012-05-15 Eastman Kodak Company Merging image pixels based on main-scan misalignment
DE102010034793A1 (de) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Hologram Industries Research Gmbh Dokument mit Hologramm und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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WO2011086275A1 (fr) 2011-07-21
FR2955288B1 (fr) 2013-05-10
PL2526531T3 (pl) 2015-11-30
US20130002713A1 (en) 2013-01-03
FR2955288A1 (fr) 2011-07-22
EP2526531A1 (de) 2012-11-28
ES2548328T3 (es) 2015-10-15
EA025707B1 (ru) 2017-01-30
EA201290661A1 (ru) 2013-01-30
UA106785C2 (uk) 2014-10-10
US10290167B2 (en) 2019-05-14

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