EP2524112A1 - Agencement de disque aubage - Google Patents

Agencement de disque aubage

Info

Publication number
EP2524112A1
EP2524112A1 EP11700085A EP11700085A EP2524112A1 EP 2524112 A1 EP2524112 A1 EP 2524112A1 EP 11700085 A EP11700085 A EP 11700085A EP 11700085 A EP11700085 A EP 11700085A EP 2524112 A1 EP2524112 A1 EP 2524112A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
bulb
faces
disk
overhanging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11700085A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2524112B1 (fr
Inventor
Fabrice Marcel Noel Garin
Romain Nicolas Lunel
Bruno André Jean VARIN
Clément ROUSSILLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA Propulsion Solide SA
Publication of EP2524112A1 publication Critical patent/EP2524112A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2524112B1 publication Critical patent/EP2524112B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3084—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers the blades being made of ceramics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3092—Protective layers between blade root and rotor disc surfaces, e.g. anti-friction layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/70—Shape
    • F05D2250/71—Shape curved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a blisk disc arrangement that can be used in a turbine or a turbomachine compressor, for example.
  • the vanes are provided with bulbs engaged in grooves that cut the disc, whereby the vanes are retained on the disc despite the centrifugal forces in operation.
  • the grooves can be oriented in the axis of the disc and each contain a bulb, or circular and contain all the bulbs.
  • the bulbs generally comprise oblique upper faces, which rest on overhanging faces of the same obliquity of the groove when the centrifugal forces are exerted. The inclinations with respect to a median plane of the groove are sufficient so that no wedging occurs between these faces when the centrifugal forces have ceased.
  • the invention proceeds from a desire to construct certain blades of a composite material such as a CMC (Ceramic Matrix Composite). We then come up against the difficulty that the method of manufacturing by molding, obligatory for these materials, prohibits the discontinuities of orientation too large and therefore forces to give to the upper part of the bulb, connected to the outer part of the blade of radial direction, an inclination not exceeding about 30 °, whereas an inclination of at least 40 ° of the overhanging faces of the groove must be respected for prevent jamming.
  • the direct integration of such vanes in a disk is excluded. The invention fills this gap.
  • an arrangement comprising a disc and at least one blade of which a bulb is housed in a groove of the disc, the groove comprising two faces overhanging a bottom of the groove having a first inclination with respect to a median plane of the groove, characterized in that the bulb comprises two upper faces located under the overhanging faces but having a second inclination with respect to said median plane which is less than the first inclination, and in that inserts are added between the bulb and the disk, which comprise main portions disposed between the overhanging faces and the upper faces, external portions connected to the main portions, extending through an opening of the groove and on a peripheral face of the disk, diverging from each other towards opposite free ends to the main parts, and internal parts connected to the main parts, extending between the bulb and the bottom of the groove converging towards each other towards free ends opposite to the main parts.
  • the main parts have a variable thickness, their opposite faces having inclinations equal to the face which is in front of them among the overhanging faces and the upper faces, and thus compensate for their difference in inclination, while the external parts maintain the in place inserts at rest by pressing on the peripheral face of the disk, and that the internal parts have the same effect during operation by possibly pressing against the bulb.
  • This design therefore makes it possible to use blades made of composite material in a metal disc, the inserts possibly being metallic.
  • the inserts are disjointed from each other to the internal parts so as not to risk jamming by jamming of the internal parts; and according to another advantageous characteristic, in an operating state in which the bulb rests on the central parts and the central parts rest on the overhanging faces, there are gaps between the outer parts and the disk, and between the inner parts and the bulb. . This feature allows the dawn and then the inserts to lower to the bottom of the groove when centrifugal forces cease, again to avoid jamming.
  • a groove (1) is dug into a disk (2), and receives a bulb (3) of a blade (4).
  • the groove (1) comprises a bottom face (5) then two oblique overhanging faces (6) leading to an opening of the groove (1) facing a peripheral face (7) of the disk (2).
  • the bulb (3) also comprises a bottom face (8) above that of the groove (1) and two oblique upper faces (9), in front of the overhanging faces (6) of the groove (1), and which are connected to the outer part of the blade (4).
  • the bottom face (8) of the bulb (3) is connected to the upper faces (9) by a radius (10) of large radius which allows manufacture when the blade (4) is composite material, but such a rounding is not possible between the upper faces (9) and the outer part of the blade (4), so that the inclination of the upper faces (9) (measured from a median imaginary plane of the groove (1) ) defined by a local radial direction (R) of the disc (2) and an axial direction (A) of the groove (1) and the bulb (3)) is less than the inclination that is desired for overhang (6) of the groove (1). Inserts (11) are then interposed between the bulb (3) and the wall of the groove (1).
  • each of the inserts (11) extends between an overhanging face (6) and a respective upper face (9), and its opposite lateral faces have the same inclination as the face in front of which they extend, so that the bulb (3) rests on the inserts (11) by first bearing surfaces (15) and the inserts (11) rest on the overhanging faces (6) by second bearings support (16).
  • the outer portions (13) curl outwardly of the groove and overhang the peripheral face (7) of the disc (2) which they are separated by games.
  • the internal parts (14) curl towards the middle of the groove (1) and extend towards each other from the central parts (12), but without joining. Games separate them from the bottom (5) of the groove as well as the bottom (8) of the bulb (3).
  • a satisfactory support of the blade (4) in the groove (1) is guaranteed by the sufficient areas of the bearing surfaces (15 and 16), by which the centrifugal forces exerted on the blade (3) are transmitted to the disk (2) with low contact pressure. And when the machine returns to rest and the centrifugal forces cease, the bulb (3) and the inserts (11) fall back to the bottom of the groove, the bottom (8) of the bulb (3) resting on the internal parts (14) and the outer portions (13) resting on the peripheral face (7), without any jamming is to be feared.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

Deux inserts (11) sont logés entre le bulbe (3) de l'aube (4) et la paroi d'une rainure (1) d'un disque (2) pour compenser des variations d'inclinaison entre les faces en surplomb (6) de la rainure et les faces supérieures (9) du bulbe à leur partie centrale (12). Cette construction permet de choisir des aubes dont les faces supérieures (9) du bulbe (3) sont faiblement inclinées par rapport à la direction radiale (R), ce qui facilite leur construction en matière composite.

Description

AGENCEMENT DE DISQUE AUBAGE
DESCRIPTION Le sujet de l'invention est un agencement de disque aubagé, utilisable dans une turbine ou un compresseur de turbomachine par exemple.
Il est classique que les aubes soient pourvues de bulbes engagés dans des rainures entaillant le disque, par lesquels les aubes sont retenues sur le disque malgré les forces centrifuges au fonctionnement. Les rainures peuvent être orientées dans l'axe du disque et contenir chacun un bulbe, ou circulaires et contenir tous les bulbes. Les bulbes comprennent généralement des faces supérieures obliques, qui s'appuient sur des faces en surplomb de même obliquité de la rainure quand les forces centrifuges s'exercent. Les inclinaisons par rapport à un plan médian de la rainure sont suffisantes pour qu'aucun coincement n'apparaisse entre ces faces quand les forces centrifuges ont cessé.
L'invention procède d'un désir de construire certaines aubes en une matière composite comme un CMC (Composite à Matrice Céramique) . On se heurte alors à la difficulté que le mode de fabrication par moulage, obligatoire pour ces matériaux, interdit les discontinuités d'orientation trop grandes et oblige donc à donner à la partie supérieure du bulbe, raccordée à la partie extérieure de l'aube de direction radiale, une inclinaison ne dépassant pas 30° environ, alors qu'une inclinaison de 40° au moins des faces en surplomb de la rainure doit être respectée pour empêcher les coincements. L'intégration directe de telles aubes dans un disque est donc exclue. L'invention comble cette lacune.
Elle concerne sous une forme générale un agencement comprenant un disque et au moins une aube dont un bulbe est logé dans une rainure du disque, la rainure comprenant deux faces en surplomb d'un fond de la rainure dotées d'une première inclinaison par rapport à un plan médian de la rainure, caractérisé en ce que le bulbe comprend deux faces supérieures situées sous les faces en surplomb mais dotées d'une seconde inclinaison par rapport audit plan médian qui est inférieure à la première inclinaison, et en ce que des inserts sont ajoutés entre le bulbe et le disque, qui comprennent des parties principales disposées entre les faces en surplomb et les faces supérieures, des parties externes raccordées aux parties principales, s' étendant à travers une ouverture de la rainure et sur une face périphérique du disque en divergeant l'une de l'autre vers des extrémités libres opposées aux parties principales, et des parties internes raccordées aux parties principales, s' étendant entre le bulbe et le fond de la rainure en convergeant l'une vers l'autre vers des extrémités libres opposées aux parties principales.
Les parties principales ont une épaisseur variable, leurs faces opposées ayant des inclinaisons égales à la face qui se trouve devant elles parmi les faces en surplomb et les faces supérieures, et compensent donc leur différence d'inclinaison, alors que les parties externes assurent le maintien en place des inserts au repos en s' appuyant sur la face périphérique du disque, et que les parties internes ont le même effet pendant le fonctionnement en s' appuyant éventuellement contre le bulbe.
Cette conception permet donc d'utiliser des aubes en matière composite dans un disque métallique, les inserts pouvant être aussi métalliques. Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, les inserts sont disjoints l'un de l'autre aux parties internes pour ne pas risquer de créer des coincements par arc-boutement des parties internes ; et selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse, dans un état de fonctionnement où le bulbe repose sur les parties centrales et les parties centrales reposent sur les faces en surplomb, des jeux existent entre les parties externes et le disque, et entre les parties internes et le bulbe. Cette caractéristique permet à l'aube puis aux inserts de s'abaisser vers le fond de la rainure quand les forces centrifuges cessent, encore afin d'éviter les coincements.
L' invention sera maintenant décrite en liaison à la figure, qui représente un agencement conforme à l'invention dans un état de fonctionnement de la machine, où les forces centrifuges s'exercent sur les différents éléments. Une rainure (1) est creusée dans un disque (2), et reçoit un bulbe (3) d'une aube (4) . La rainure (1) comprend une face de fond (5) puis deux faces en surplomb (6) obliques menant à une ouverture de la rainure (1) donnant sur une face périphérique (7) du disque (2) . Le bulbe (3) comprend aussi une face de fond (8) au-dessus de celle de la rainure (1) et deux faces supérieures (9) obliques, devant les faces en surplomb (6) de la rainure (1), et qui se raccordent à la partie extérieure de l'aube (4) . La face de fond (8) du bulbe (3) se raccorde aux faces supérieures (9) par un arrondi (10) de grand rayon qui autorise la fabrication quand l'aube (4) est en matière composite, mais un tel arrondi n'est pas possible entre les faces supérieures (9) et la partie extérieure de l'aube (4), de sorte que l'inclinaison des faces supérieures (9) (mesurée à partir d'un plan imaginaire médian de la rainure (1) défini par une direction radiale (R) locale du disque (2) et une direction axiale (A) de la rainure (1) et du bulbe (3)) est inférieure à l'inclinaison que l'on souhaite pour des faces en surplomb (6) de la rainure (1) . Des inserts (11) sont alors intercalés entre le bulbe (3) et la paroi de la rainure (1) . Ils comprennent chacun une partie centrale (12), une partie externe (13) et une partie interne (14), ces deux dernières étant jointes à la partie centrale (12) par ses extrémités opposées. La partie centrale (12) de chacun des inserts (11) s'étend entre une face en surplomb (6) et une face supérieure (9) respective, et ses faces latérales opposées ont la même inclinaison que la face devant laquelle ils s'étendent, de sorte que le bulbe (3) s'appuie sur les inserts (11) par des premières portées d'appui (15) et les inserts (11) s'appuient sur les faces en surplomb (6) par des secondes portées d'appui (16). Les parties externes (13) s'incurvent vers l'extérieur de la rainure et surplombent la face périphérique (7) du disque (2) dont elles sont séparées par des jeux. Les parties internes (14) s'incurvent vers le milieu de la rainure (1) et s'étendent l'une vers l'autre à partir des parties centrales (12), sans toutefois se rejoindre. Des jeux les séparent du fond (5) de la rainure tout comme du fond (8) du bulbe (3) .
Un appui satisfaisant de l'aube (4) dans la rainure (1) est garanti par les superficies suffisantes des portées d'appui (15 et 16), par lesquelles les forces centrifuges exercées sur l'aube (3) sont transmises au disque (2) avec une faible pression de contact. Et quand la machine revient au repos et que les forces centrifuges cessent, le bulbe (3) et les inserts (11) retombent au fond de la rainure, le fond (8) du bulbe (3) reposant sur les parties internes (14) et les parties externes (13) reposant sur la face périphérique (7), sans qu'aucun coincement ne soit à redouter .

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1°) Agencement comprenant un disque (2) et au moins une aube (4) dont un bulbe (2) est logé dans une rainure (1) du disque, la rainure comprenant deux faces en surplomb (6) d'un fond de la rainure, dotées d'une première inclinaison par rapport à un plan médian de la rainure, caractérisé en ce que le bulbe (3) comprend deux faces supérieures (9) situées sous les faces en surplomb (6) mais dotées d'une seconde inclinaison par rapport audit plan médian qui est inférieure à la première inclinaison, et en ce que des inserts (11) sont ajoutés entre le bulbe (3) et le disque (2), qui comprennent des parties principales (12) disposées entre les faces en surplomb et les faces supérieures (9), des parties externes (13) raccordées aux parties principales, s' étendant à travers une ouverture de la rainure et sur une face périphérique (7) du disque (2) en divergeant l'une de l'autre vers des extrémités libres opposées aux parties principales, et des parties internes (14) raccordées aux parties principales (13), s' étendant entre le bulbe et le fond (5) de la rainure en convergeant l'une vers l'autre vers des extrémités libres opposées aux parties principales.
2°) Agencement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les aubes sont en matière composite et le disque est en métal. 3°) Agencement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les inserts sont disjoints l'un de l'autre aux parties internes ( 14 ) .
4°) Agencement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, dans un état de fonctionnement où le bulbe (3) repose sur les parties centrales (12) et les parties centrales reposent sur les faces en surplomb (6), des jeux existent entre les parties externes (13) et le disque et entre les parties internes (14) et le bulbe.
EP11700085.1A 2010-01-12 2011-01-11 Agencement de disque aubage Active EP2524112B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1050164A FR2955143B1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2010-01-12 Agencement de disque aubage
PCT/EP2011/050245 WO2011086056A1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2011-01-11 Agencement de disque aubage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2524112A1 true EP2524112A1 (fr) 2012-11-21
EP2524112B1 EP2524112B1 (fr) 2014-12-17

Family

ID=42537539

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11700085.1A Active EP2524112B1 (fr) 2010-01-12 2011-01-11 Agencement de disque aubage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9157330B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2524112B1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2955143B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011086056A1 (fr)

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FR2972483B1 (fr) 2011-03-07 2013-04-19 Snecma Carter de turbine comportant des moyens de fixation de secteurs d'anneau
FR2981132B1 (fr) * 2011-10-10 2013-12-06 Snecma Ensemble pour turbomachine a refroidissement de disque
US10519788B2 (en) * 2013-05-29 2019-12-31 General Electric Company Composite airfoil metal patch
FR3009579B1 (fr) 2013-08-07 2015-09-25 Snecma Carter de turbine en deux materiaux
CA2915234A1 (fr) 2015-01-13 2016-07-13 Rolls-Royce Corporation Roue de turbine dotee d'un accessoire de pale pince
US10577951B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2020-03-03 Rolls-Royce North American Technologies Inc. Gas turbine engine with dovetail connection having contoured root
US10605100B2 (en) 2017-05-24 2020-03-31 General Electric Company Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) turbine blade assembly, dovetail sleeve, and method of mounting CMC turbine blade
JP6765344B2 (ja) 2017-05-31 2020-10-07 三菱重工業株式会社 複合材料翼及び複合材料翼の製造方法
FR3130906B1 (fr) * 2021-12-16 2023-11-24 Safran Aircraft Engines Rotor de turbomachine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011086056A1 (fr) 2011-07-21
FR2955143B1 (fr) 2012-05-11
US9157330B2 (en) 2015-10-13
US20120308391A1 (en) 2012-12-06
FR2955143A1 (fr) 2011-07-15
EP2524112B1 (fr) 2014-12-17

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