EP2521219A2 - Reflektor- und Mehrbandantenne - Google Patents

Reflektor- und Mehrbandantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2521219A2
EP2521219A2 EP12446505A EP12446505A EP2521219A2 EP 2521219 A2 EP2521219 A2 EP 2521219A2 EP 12446505 A EP12446505 A EP 12446505A EP 12446505 A EP12446505 A EP 12446505A EP 2521219 A2 EP2521219 A2 EP 2521219A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
reflector
band
frequency
reflector assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12446505A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2521219B1 (de
EP2521219A3 (de
Inventor
Michael Beausang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intel Corp
Original Assignee
Powerwave Technologies Sweden AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Powerwave Technologies Sweden AB filed Critical Powerwave Technologies Sweden AB
Publication of EP2521219A2 publication Critical patent/EP2521219A2/de
Publication of EP2521219A3 publication Critical patent/EP2521219A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2521219B1 publication Critical patent/EP2521219B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/16—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures curved in two dimensions, e.g. paraboloidal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reflector, and a multi band antenna comprising at least one such reflector.
  • Multi band antennas are antennas providing wireless signals in multiple radio frequency bands, i.e. two or more bands. They are commonly used and are well known in wireless communication systems, such as GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, LTE, and WiMax systems.
  • This type of multi band antenna often comprises a reflector structure for controlling the radiation of the antenna, e.g. beam width and lobe pattern.
  • a reflector structure for controlling the radiation of the antenna, e.g. beam width and lobe pattern.
  • mentioned types of reflectors may have different shapes and setups depending on the frequency in use and the desired radiation pattern, etc.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows, in cross section, an example of a reflector for a triple band base station antenna according to prior art.
  • the reflector is placed behind one or more radiating antenna elements in use and is arranged to provide, together with the radiating elements, desired antenna radiation characteristics.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a reflector which fully or in part mitigates and/or solves the drawbacks of prior art reflectors and antennas. More specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide a reflector having good radiation control and/or characteristic for multiband antennas.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a reflector having good radiation control for multiband antennas arranged to transmit in three or more antenna frequency bands. Yet another object if the invention is to provide an alternative reflector and multiband antenna.
  • a reflector for an antenna comprising a first reflector assembly and at least one second reflector assembly
  • the present invention also relates to a multi band antenna comprising at least one reflector according to the invention.
  • the present invention provides a reflector having good radiation control for multiband antennas. This is especially the case for multi band antennas transmitting in multiple antenna frequency bands where the frequency bands are considerably spaced apart in the frequency range.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that a large and/or complex reflector structure for multiple bands can be assembled with two or more reflector assembly parts having simple structure, thereby simplify and reducing cost when manufacturing such reflectors, and make transportation easier of these reflectors. This also implies that a high degree of freedom is at disposal for the antenna designer when designing reflectors since the designer can combine different simple reflector structures to obtain a common (complex) reflector structure. Further advantageous and applications of the present invention can be found in the following detailed description of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a reflector for an antenna, and preferably to a reflector for a multi band antenna adapted for wireless communication systems.
  • the reflector according to the present invention comprises a first reflector assembly 1 and at least one second reflector assembly 2.
  • the first reflector assembly 1 has a first reflector structure adapted for a first antenna frequency band f 1 and at least one second antenna frequency band f 2
  • the second reflector assembly 2 has a second reflector structure adapted for the first antenna frequency band f 1 and at least one third antenna frequency band f 3 .
  • the first 1 and second reflector 2 assemblies are electrically coupled to each other so that they together form a common reflector structure R adapted for the first f 1 , second f 2 and third f 3 antenna frequency bands.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies have a reflector structure adapted for at least one common antenna frequency band, in this case the first f 1 antenna frequency band.
  • a reflector R according to the invention may comprise more than two reflector assemblies.
  • two or more reflector assemblies making up the common reflector R should each have a reflector structure adapted for a least one common antenna frequency band f C .
  • a reflector structure adapted for a specific antenna frequency band should in this disclosure mean that the reflector structure is so arranged that a transmit antenna having such a reflector fulfils one or more of the requirements of different reflector parameters known in the art.
  • the reflector parameters are often specified for different applications and may concern horizontal beam width, front to back lobe ratio, cross polar discrimination, port to port tracking, etc.
  • the reflector structure has a specific shape and may comprise shielding walls, baffles, corrugations and/or current traps, etc. for controlling radiation of the antenna.
  • such parameters may be specified as: horizontal beam width (halfpower/-3 dB) 65 or 90 degrees; front to back lobe ratio 25-30 dB (+/-30 deg sector); cross polar discrimination 10-15 dB (worst case in +/-60 deg sector); port to port tracking ⁇ 2dB (worst case in +/-60 deg sector).
  • Figure 2 shows, in cross section, first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies of a common reflector structure R according to the present invention.
  • the first reflector assembly 1 is shown on the left hand side and the second reflector assembly 2 on the left hand side in figure 2 .
  • the dashed rectangles illustrate different antenna elements, and the upper and lower drawings in figure 2 represent cross sections at different antenna elements arranged for emitting in different frequency bands.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies has different shapes, and from figure 2 it is evident that they have different cross-section shapes. The different shapes are due to the fact that the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies are adapted for at least one different antenna frequency band.
  • Figure 3 shows a partially exploding view of back side of the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies with PCB etchings and antenna elements.
  • the antenna elements corresponding with the bigger shielding cage is operating in two frequency bands simultaneously; i.e. frequency band f 1 and f 3 for the first reflector 1, and f 1 and f 2 for the second reflector 2.
  • the antenna elements corresponding to the smaller shielding cage is operating in one frequency band each: f 3 for the first reflector 1 and f 2 for the second reflector 2.
  • Corresponding ends 41, 41' of the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies, which are connected in use, is also shown in figure 3 .
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies are electrically coupled so that they together form a common reflector structure R so arranged that the common reflector structure R fulfils one or more of the above mentioned reflector parameters, e.g. provides a specific beam width characteristic or front to back lobe ratio, etc.
  • the electrical coupling may be an indirect coupling, such as a capacitive coupling, or a direct coupling.
  • a capacitive coupling can be made by using a non-conductive adhesive, e.g. tape or glue, between the first and second reflector assemblies.
  • a direct electrical coupling can be achieved by spot welding, anodizing and bolting or by using a conductive adhesive.
  • the mentioned antenna frequency bands are preferably different frequency bands, and within the bandwidth for wireless communication systems such as GSM, GPRS, EDGE, HSDPA, UMTS, LTE, WiMax.
  • the common reflector R is adapted for triple band antennas, wherein the centre frequencies (e.g. the carrier frequencies) for the three bands are within the interval of 790 to 960 MHz for the first antenna frequency band f1 , the interval of 1710 to 2170 MHz for the second antenna frequency band f 2 , and the interval of 2.3 to 2.7 GHz for the third antenna frequency band f 3 , respectively.
  • the frequency bands f1 , f 2 , f 3 do not overlap each other according to an embodiment.
  • first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies are furthermore mechanically connected to each other according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a backside perspective view of a reflector R according to the invention.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies is in this embodiment electrically and mechanically connected to each other by means of a pair of support brackets 11, 11' and a connecting plate 13. It should be noted that the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies are connected to each other end-to-end in this embodiment, i.e. one end 41 of the first 1 reflector assembly is connected to a corresponding end 41' of the second 2 reflector assembly.
  • Each of the support brackets 11, 11' are mechanically connected to, and extends along each opposite side of the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies, respectively.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies has in this embodiment an elongated flat shape and the same width.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies are U-shaped in cross-section as shown in the figures.
  • each support bracket 11, 11 ' is L-shaped to fit the U-shape of the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies, thereby improving the stiffness and robustness of the reflector R construction further and also saving space.
  • This embodiment is shown in figure 4 .
  • one or more connector plates 13 may be provided to connect the two assemblies 1, 2.
  • the connector plates 13 may be arranged on the front side and/or on the backside of the common reflector R, and extend over and being attached to both the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies so as to provide a robust reflector structure R.
  • the first 1 and second 2 reflector assembly parts are made of aluminium, e.g. by folding aluminium sheet metal or by extrusion, but may be made of other suitable material.
  • the different reflector parts, such as the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies, support brackets 11, 11', connector plates 13, and connecting elements 12 may be mechanically connected to each other by e.g. screwing, riveting, bolting, welding, etc, which provide a direct electrical coupling.
  • Figure 5 shows a front side exploding view of an embodiment of a common reflector structure R.
  • one or more connecting elements 12 may be provided for electrically and mechanically connecting the support brackets 11, 11'.
  • the connecting elements are preferably arranged on the back side of the reflector R so as not to influence the radiation of the antenna elements by being arranged in front of the antenna elements.
  • a rectangular connecting element 12 with a cross is shown in figures 5 to 7 .
  • the cross shape improves the mechanical robustness of the reflector.
  • the connecting element 12 in the figures has also four recesses to form the cross thereby reducing the overall weight of the reflector but still provide a robust construction.
  • first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies according to yet another embodiment comprises at least one pair of symmetrically arranged partially enclosed cavities functioning as current traps 31, 31' for trapping surface currents on the reflector as shown in figure 2 .
  • the cavities should be adapted to a quarter of the wave length of the frequency in use.
  • the partially enclosed cavities preferably extend along the extension of the first 1 and second 2 reflector assemblies in a suitable manner.
  • the present invention further relates to a multi band antenna comprising at least one reflector R described above.
  • Figure 7 shows a triple band base station antenna A for wireless communication systems according to the invention, and figures 8-11 show different antenna array arrangements for such a multi band antenna.
  • the antenna arrangement comprises a plurality of dual band 101 and single band 102 antenna elements.
  • the dual band antenna elements 101 are adapted for transmitting/receiving in two different frequency bands. i.e. in a lower antenna RF band and a higher antenna RF band, while the single band antenna elements 102 are adapted for transmitting/receiving in the higher of the two mentioned RF bands.
  • the antenna elements are arranged in a row/array as shown in figures 8-11 , and at least two single band elements 102 are arranged adjacent to each other. However, more than two single band elements 102 may be arranged adjacent to each other.
  • Two such single band antenna elements 102 are shown with a dotted circle in figures 8-11 .
  • the dual band 101 and single band 102 antenna elements are irregularly arranged in the row and not alternately (or evenly) arranged.
  • the effective inter element spacing can be kept small enough over the antenna array in order to avoid unwanted grating lobes.
  • the antenna array arrangement allows smaller inter antenna element spacing, thereby avoiding undesirable grating lobes. This also means that the antenna design can be less bulky and smaller, resulting in slim and cost effective antenna array designs with reduced weight.
  • the antenna array arrangement is especially suitable for antenna applications where there is a large spacing in the frequency range between the lower and higher frequencies.
  • an important aspect with the present antenna arrangement is that the inter antenna element spacing for both the lower antenna frequency band and the higher antenna frequency band is different, i.e. "non uniform spacing", over the antenna array in order to accommodate the different types of antenna elements in such a way that the effective element spacing (average spacing) over the array is such that undesired grating lobes are avoided in both bands.
  • Other implications of the invention is that that electrical performance will be more consistent compared to other solutions, for example undesired effects where horizontal beam peak of the two frequency bands are different and distorted azimuth radiation patterns.
  • the at least two single band antenna elements 102 may be arranged between two dual band antenna elements 101, which is also shown in figure 9 .
  • the distance d 2 between the centres of the at least two single band antenna elements 102 is more than half the wavelength for the centre frequency of the higher antenna frequency band, and preferably between 0.6-0.9 times the wavelength for the centre frequency of the higher antenna frequency band.
  • the distance d 2 between the centres of the at least two first single band antenna elements 102 may be 0.6-0.8 times the wavelength for the centre frequency of the higher antenna frequency band and the distance between dual band antenna elements and single band antenna elements is 0.8-1.0 times the wavelength for the centre frequency of the higher antenna frequency band for good antenna performance.
  • the centre frequency for the higher frequency band is preferably more than 2 times higher than the centre frequency band for the lower frequency band.
  • the centre frequencies for the first type dual band 101 and first type single band 102 antenna elements i.e. the lower and higher frequency bands, may be within the interval of: 790 to 960 MHz and 2.3 to 2.7 GHz; 698 to 894 MHz and 2.3 to 2.7 GHz; 698 to 894 MHz and 3.6 to 3.8 GHz; or 790 to 960 MHz and 3.6 to 3.8 GHz, respectively.
  • the ratio is around 2.86, 3.14, 4.65 and 4.22 in these exemplary cases.
  • the number of single band antenna elements arranged between dual band antenna elements may be more than two, e.g. three or four.
  • Figures 9-11 shows further examples of different inter antenna element spacing.
  • Figure 12 shows an embodiment of a triple band base station antenna according to the present invention without housing from above, and figure 13 shows the embodiment of figure 12 in a perspective view.
  • the triple band antenna comprises two antenna parts having different antenna array element configurations, but together forming a single row/array of antenna elements.
  • the dotted lines in figures 12 and 13 illustrate where the two antenna (reflector) parts are electrically, and in this case also mechanically coupled/connected.
  • the arrangement in figures 12 and 13 further comprises a plurality of second type of dual band antenna elements 103 and second type of single band 104 antenna elements which are alternately arranged with respect to each other so that every second antenna element is a second dual band 103 or a second single band 104 element as shown in the lower antenna part in figures 12 and 13 .
  • the second type dual band antenna elements 103 are adapted for transmitting/receiving in two different frequency bands, i.e. in the lower RF band (the same lower frequency band as for the first type of dual band antenna elements 101) and in an intermediate RF band, while the second type single band antenna elements 104 are adapted for transmitting/receiving in the intermediate frequency band.
  • the centre frequencies for the first type dual band 101 and first type single band 102 antenna elements are within the interval of 790 to 960 MHz, and 2.3 to 2.7 GHz, respectively; while the centre frequencies for the second dual band 103 and second single band 104 antenna elements, i.e. the lower and the intermediate frequency band, are within the interval of 790 to 960 MHz, and 1710 to 2170 MHz, respectively, so that a triple band antenna is formed.
  • the antenna elements used may e.g. be patch antenna elements or dipoles, or any other suitable construction.
  • the first type of dual band elements 101 and first type single band elements 102 are associated with the at least one second reflector assembly 2
  • the second type of dual band elements 103 and second type of single band elements 104 are associated with the first reflector assembly 1, which means that the associated reflector assembly 1, 2 is the main reflector structure for shaping the radiation of a specific antenna element and is preferably arranged behind the specific antenna elements.
  • the described antenna array arrangement will not be dependent on the polarization of the antenna elements but will work for antennas with e.g. vertical polarization, circular polarization or dual +/-45 deg polarization.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP12446505.5A 2011-05-05 2012-04-23 Reflektor- und Mehrbandantenne Not-in-force EP2521219B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1150396A SE535829C2 (sv) 2011-05-05 2011-05-05 Reflektor och en multibandantenn

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2521219A2 true EP2521219A2 (de) 2012-11-07
EP2521219A3 EP2521219A3 (de) 2013-04-17
EP2521219B1 EP2521219B1 (de) 2017-01-18

Family

ID=46026752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12446505.5A Not-in-force EP2521219B1 (de) 2011-05-05 2012-04-23 Reflektor- und Mehrbandantenne

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2521219B1 (de)
SE (1) SE535829C2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014000964A1 (de) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-23 Kathrein-Werke Kg Antenne, insbesondere Mobilfunkantenne
EP3446361A4 (de) * 2017-01-24 2020-01-08 Commscope Technologies LLC Basisstationsantennen mit zusätzlichen arrays

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE512439C2 (sv) * 1998-06-26 2000-03-20 Allgon Ab Dubbelbandsantenn
SE533885C2 (sv) * 2009-04-17 2011-02-22 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Antennanordning

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014000964A1 (de) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-23 Kathrein-Werke Kg Antenne, insbesondere Mobilfunkantenne
US10122077B2 (en) 2014-01-23 2018-11-06 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mobile radio antenna
EP3446361A4 (de) * 2017-01-24 2020-01-08 Commscope Technologies LLC Basisstationsantennen mit zusätzlichen arrays
US10903550B2 (en) 2017-01-24 2021-01-26 Commscope Technologies Llc Base station antennas including supplemental arrays
EP3996205A1 (de) * 2017-01-24 2022-05-11 CommScope Technologies LLC Basisstationsantennen mit zusätzlichen arrays
US11335995B2 (en) 2017-01-24 2022-05-17 Commscope Technologies Llc Base station antennas including supplemental arrays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2521219B1 (de) 2017-01-18
EP2521219A3 (de) 2013-04-17
SE1150396A1 (sv) 2012-11-06
SE535829C2 (sv) 2013-01-08

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