EP2519734A1

EP2519734A1 - Starting device

Info

Publication number: EP2519734A1
Application number: EP10784303A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Verena Frueh; Sven Hartmann; Javier Bores
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2009-12-30
Filing date: 2010-11-26
Publication date: 2012-11-07
Also published as: WO2011080015A1; JP2013516562A; DE102009055414A1; CN102686873A; US20130014610A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a starting device (22) for internal combustion engines (10). The starting device (22) comprises an electric drive (28) for a drive pinion (24). A gearwheel (16) is mounted on the crankshaft (12) of the internal combustion engine (10). An engaged state of the drive pinion (24) on a drive shaft (26) of the electric drive (28) is effected either by a spacer piece (40) or the starting device (22) is arranged with a reduced spacing (54) in relation to the gearwheel (16).

Description

Description title

Starting device prior art

For starting internal combustion engines drives are used, which are fed with a separate from the fuel supply power supply. Most DC motors are used for this purpose, the drive pinion first engages in the ring gear of the internal combustion engine, then to spin the engine. This is done by means of starters according to the push-screw principle. After the end of the starting process, the pinion moves back out of the ring gear of the internal combustion engine.

The increasing use of start-stop systems in motor vehicles requires an extended requirement for the starting system and thus also a functionality extension of previously used starters. Here, e.g. To call sharper acoustic requirements as well as the need to be able to start at any time when the driver wants to start again (mind change functionality). In particular, when the internal combustion engine runs out, this is not possible with the classic principle of the starters used so far.

By a suitable control of the engagement mechanism and the electric drive of the starter, the starter can be enabled to engage in the sprocket already during the outflow of the internal combustion engine, so that the above-mentioned functionality is fulfilled.

From DE 197 21 386 A1 and EP 0 848 159 B1, a starting device for starting an internal combustion engine is known. According to this solution, the starting device comprises a starter relay connectable to a voltage source and the internal combustion engine for cranking engageable star termotor. A control of the starter relay and / or the starter motor via an electronic control unit. This controls the starter relay and / or the starter motor associated semiconductor power output stages such that at least in a start-stop operation of the internal combustion engine, the starter relay in the stop state of the internal combustion engine has its Einspurstellung.

From DE 10 2007 029 353 A1 a starter with permanent engagement for an internal combustion engine is known. The starter includes a ring gear that is constantly engaged with a pinion connected to an electric motor. A flywheel includes a one-way clutch configured to transmit the torque generated by the electric motor from the ring gear to the flywheel to start the internal combustion engine. An inertia moment M1 required to rotate the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine after starting the engine, a moment of inertia M2 of the flywheel, a resultant moment of inertia M3 of the ring gear and flywheel, and a resultant moment of inertia M4 of a ring gear and a flywheel of a land are so chosen that only upon engagement of the ring gear with the flywheel starting of the internal combustion engine takes place and a relationship M1 <M2 <M4 <M3 is met. This ensures the stability of the crankshaft spinning.

DE 10 2004 044 932 A1 relates to an engine starting device. Axial movement of a pinion and an output shaft and ratcheting of the pinion are prevented with respect to the output shaft in the rotational direction, so that wear of a splined shaft connecting portion between the pinion and the output shaft and wear of the pinion and a ring gear are reduced. Thereby, the meshing noise generated when the engine is started is lowered. The engine starting device includes an output shaft and a thrust receiving surface on which abuts the axial end surface of an inner ring of a bearing. Further, the engine starting device includes a threaded portion formed at the end of the output shaft. The pinion is designed such that the end surface thereof abuts on the bearing side on the end surface of the inner ring of the bearing on the pinion shaft. The pinion is directed towards the bearing by the tightening force of a Screw pressed. This is located on the threaded section. The pinion, the output shaft and the bearing are fixed such that the thrust receiving surface and the end surface of the pinion on the bearing side clamp the inner ring of the bearing.

Disclosure of the invention

Following the solution proposed according to the invention, in order to realize the mind-changing functionality, the starting actuator constantly engages with a toothed ring, wherein the toothed ring can be coupled to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine via an overrunning clutch or can be decoupled from this. In a first embodiment of the solution proposed according to the invention, a sprocket is mounted on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. The ring gear may be relatively movable to the crankshaft, so that the ring gear is stationary while the internal combustion engine is running. This makes it possible to keep a drive pinion of the starting device in constant engagement with the toothing of the ring gear in order to be ready to start at any time, without having to wait until the internal combustion engine has come to a standstill and only then engage the drive gear in the ring gear.

However, the above-mentioned first embodiment of the invention is based on the idea that basic interventions in the drive train of a motor vehicle are required. Consequently, the aforementioned first embodiment variant can initially only be used in smaller numbers. However, since high volume launches made in series today have achieved a high degree of standardization, the above adaptation, i. E. The elimination of the freewheel and the Einrückmechanismus' for small numbers usually no cost advantage, but means additional effort that would inevitably be reflected in the product cost.

Starting from commercially available conventional thrust Schraubtriebstartvor- directions for internal combustion engines is proposed in carrying out the idea underlying the invention, to previously used, marketable thrust Schraubtriebstartvorrichtungen, such as Bosch R Starter, ISBN 3-7782-20284, Yellow Series, Automotive Technology, "Starters and Generators", 2002, page 76 to page 79 to make the least possible modifications in order to exploit cost advantages in large quantities. This means that the elimination of the hitherto standardized implemented Einrückmimik and the omission of the freewheel functionality are deliberately not implemented.

In the second embodiment of the proposed solution according to the invention, a standardized starting device while maintaining the freewheel and maintaining an engagement mechanism is modified to the effect that the Ritzelruureage the drive pinion of the starting device is displaced by means of a spacer such that the drive pinion constantly in engagement with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine which is disposed on the crankshaft, is engaged.

The engagement mechanism still comprises an engagement relay, which, however, comprises a changed rest position and a reduced engagement path. This means a reduction of the noise and a lower contact bounce, since a reduced maximum speed is achieved when engaging. The relay winding can be selected according to the required specifications.

Alternatively, in a further embodiment of the invention underlying the idea, the starting device, in particular arranged by the output shaft of the electric drive drive pinion, arranged closer to the ring gear of the internal combustion engine down. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to keep the output pinion in constant engagement with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine and, on the other hand, to save installation space. In this solution, the free travel of the engagement mechanism is increased. It is also conceivable to remove the fork lever previously used on the engagement mechanism and to provide a separate rest stop on the engagement relay.

Short description of the drawing

With reference to the drawing, the invention will be described below in more detail. It shows:

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the starter device proposed according to the invention with a pinion rudder, which allows a permanent engagement of the drive sprocket and the sprocket by the use of a spacer,

Figure 1.1 shows a detail for the interpretation of the fork lever and

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention proposed starting device with permanent engagement between the drive pinion and sprocket by shifting position of the starter with respect to the sprocket.

embodiments

In the following with reference to the invention is in connection with the starting device 22 of a standard starting device the speech. This is a commercially available thrust screwdriver starter, such as in the publication Bosch R-Starter, ISBN 3-7782-20284, Yellow Series, Automotive Engineering, "Starters and Generators", 2002, pages 76 to 79 described.

The illustration according to FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a starting device proposed according to the invention, in which the drive pinion is in permanent engagement with a gear wheel of an internal combustion engine, in particular a ring gear on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine.

FIG. 1 shows that an internal combustion engine 10 has a crankshaft 12. On the crankshaft 12, in addition to a flywheel 14, which may be a single or multi-mass flywheel, a gear, in particular a ring gear 16 is added. A relative movement between this toothed wheel 16 and the crankshaft 12 is possible in that the toothed wheel 16, in particular designed as a ring gear, is mounted on a freewheel 18. is taken. There is the possibility that the gear, in particular designed as a ring gear 16, rotates at a different peripheral speed than the crankshaft 12.

As can be seen from the illustration according to FIG. 1, the toothing 20 of the toothed wheel 16 meshes with a drive pinion 24 of a starting device 22. The starting device 22 is arranged at a first distance 46 with respect to the toothed wheel 16 in the embodiment proposed according to the invention shown in FIG.

In the invention proposed in Figure 1 starting device 22 is a standard starting device, a push-screw starter, Bosch R-Starter, ISBN 3-7782-20284, yellow series, automotive technology, "Starters and generators", 2002, pages 76 to 79, counter starter R70, which has an electric drive 28, which is designed in particular as a DC drive. The electric drive 28 comprises a stator 50 and a rotor 52, cf. illustration according to FIG. 2. Furthermore, the starting device 22 comprises an engagement relay 30, which acts on a fork lever 34. The fork lever 34 is pivotable about a pivot point 38. Corresponding to the entry or Ausfahrweges of the contactor 30 is an axial displacement of the drive pinion 24, which is associated with a freewheel 36 generated upon actuation of the fork lever 34 along a link 32.

From the first embodiment shown in connection with FIG. 1 of the solution proposed according to the invention, it is apparent that for realizing a permanent engagement between the gear 16 on the crankshaft 12, mounted in the freewheel 18 and the drive pinion 24 of the starter 22 and its freewheel 36, a spacer 40 is arranged. The spacer 40 is sleeve-shaped in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and comprises a first end 42 and a second end 44. While the first end 42 assigns the electric drive 28, the second end 44 supports the sleeve-shaped spacer 40 a collar of the freewheel 36, which is associated with the drive pinion 24 from. The provision of the spacer 40 allows the drive pinion 24 and gear 16 always in engagement, ie to keep it in the engaged state. The position shown in Figure 1 represents the rest position of the drive pinion 54, in this meshes with the toothing 20 of the gear 16. The engagement relay 30 of the starter 22 has according to the first embodiment, a modified rest position and a reduced feed path. Reference is made to FIG. 1.1. The relay path that the relay 30 passes through is shortened by As = d / 1 .75. It is denoted by d the length of the spacer 40. The translation of the fork lever 34, ie the lever travel is 1 .57. The relay 30 thereby has a different rest position which is exactly offset by As = d / 1 .57.

A reduction of the feed path to As allows a lower noise and a lower contact bounce, so that the noise level is considerably reduced upon actuation of the inventively proposed starting device 22 in its first embodiment. The winding of the engagement relay 30 can be designed relatively weak in the context of the modular principle, so that the power consumption is limited.

The starting device 22 described above in connection with Figure 1 is characterized in that at this compared to a standard starting device, Bosch R-Starter, ISBN 3-7782-20284, yellow series, automotive technology, "starters and generators", 2002, page 76 to page 79, countershaft launchers R70 have only slightest modification requirements to make. It is only a spacer 40 is required to achieve a permanent engagement between the teeth 20 of the gear 16 and the drive pinion 24 of the starter 22. This means that even with a standard starting device used today, the mind-change functionality can be achieved.

The illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a further, alternative embodiment variant for realizing a permanent engagement between the toothed wheel 16 on the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine and the drive pinion of the starting device.

In contrast to the embodiment variant shown in Figure 1, the starting device 22 as shown in Figure 2 in a, based on the gear 16 on the crankshaft 12, reduced second distance 54 arranged so that at an identical axial position of the drive pinion 24 together with freewheel 36 the drive shaft 26, compared to a standard starter, thrust Schraubtriebstarter, Bosch R-Starter, ISBN 3-7782-20284, yellow row, power Fahrzeugtechnik, "Starters and generators", 2002, pages 76 to 79, there compare countershaft starter R70, a shift of the starter 22 is closer to the internal combustion engine 10. As a result, a permanent engagement between the toothing 20 of the toothed wheel 16 and the toothing of the drive pinion 24 of the drive shaft 26 can be realized in a simple manner. The engagement relay 30 of the second embodiment variant of the modified standard starting device proposed in accordance with the invention shown in FIG. 2 is designed, compare with position 56, with an increased free travel. Instead of the fork lever 34 shown in the second embodiment of the solution proposed by the invention (see FIG. 2), which is movable about the pivot point 38, a rest stop 58 is also conceivable. The rest stop 58 can be arranged so that it is arranged directly opposite a prolonged slide 48. Instead of the rest stop 58, as indicated in the illustration according to FIG. 2, a separate stop 60 may also be provided. The engagement relay 30 has a switching function. It has to switch the starter current when it has fully energized. A standard inserted engagement relay 30 has this way, which must continue to be made possible in the new mounting position to switch the starter current.

By the freewheels 18 and 36 on the gear 16, in particular formed as a sprocket, and the drive pinion 24, it can be ensured that only in the direction of rotation of the electric drive 28, a moment is transmitted, which serves at standstill of the internal combustion engine to their annealing.

Since the permanent engagement between the gear 16 and the drive pinion 24 of the starting device 22 is ensured in both variants, it is not necessary to wait until the internal combustion engine 10 comes to a stop before the drive pinion 24 is engaged by means of the engagement relay 30 in the toothing 20 of the gear 16 can be. The engagement relay 30 takes over the switching of the starter current.

Claims

claims

1 . Starting device (22) for internal combustion engines (10), wherein the starting device (22) comprises an electric drive (28) for a drive pinion (24) and on the crankshaft (12) of the internal combustion engine (10) a gear (16) is mounted, characterized in that the drive pinion (24) is converted into a meshed state either by a spacer (40) on a drive shaft (26) of the electric drive (28) or the starter device (22) is arranged at a reduced distance (54) from the toothed wheel (16) is.

2. starting device (22) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (40) is sleeve-shaped.

Third starting device (22) according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer (40) on the drive shaft (26) between the electric drive (28) and a freewheel (36) of the drive pinion (24) is arranged.

4. Starting device (22) according to claim 2, characterized in that, relative to a first distance, in which a standard starting device from the gear (16) is spaced, in a smaller, second distance (54) to the gear (16) is.

5. Starting device (22) according to claim 1, characterized in that an engagement relay (30) comprises an enlarged free travel (56) and a rest stop (58).

6. starter device (22) according to claim 5, characterized in that the rest stop (58) opposite to an extended link (48).

7. Starting device (22) according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement relay (30) pivotable about a pivot point (38) gas lever (34) which moves the drive pinion (24) and its freewheel (36) on the drive shaft (26) axially, and a starter current switches.

8. starting device (22) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft (26) is a multi-splined shaft, a shaft with polygonal profile or at least one key.