EP2511697A1

EP2511697A1 - Device for detecting sulfur component

Info

Publication number: EP2511697A1
Application number: EP09852083A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hiromasa Nishioka; Yoshihisa Tsukamoto; Katsuhiko Oshikawa; Hiroshi Otsuki; Junichi Matsuo
Original assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2009-12-09
Filing date: 2009-12-09
Publication date: 2012-10-17
Also published as: US8695399B2; WO2011070687A1; CN102667460B; JPWO2011070687A1; JP5477381B2; CN102667460A; EP2511697A4; US20120279278A1

Abstract

The present detector for detecting sulfur components comprises a storage portion for storing SO_x and NO_x in the exhaust gas passing through an exhaust passage, in which the more an amount of stored SO_x increases, the more an amount of NO_x that can be stored decreases, estimates the amount of stored SO_x on the basis of an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion, and detects an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period or an value on the basis of the integrated amount. In the present detector, the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount (step 105) is prohibited when a current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in the storage portion (step 102).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a detector for detecting sulfur components.

BACKGROUND ART

A SO_x concentration sensor for detecting a SO_x concentration in the exhaust gas is known. A usual SO_x concentration sensor measures an electromotive force produced when SO_x changes into sulfuric acid ion within solid electrolyte, to detect a SO_x concentration in the exhaust gas. However, it is difficult for such a SO_x concentration sensor for detecting an instantaneous SO_x concentration to detect an accurate SO_x concentration when the SO_x concentration in the exhaust gas is low.
A proposed detector for detecting sulfur components cannot detect an instantaneous SO_x concentration but can detect an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period (for example, refer to Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-175623 ).
The detector for detecting sulfur components comprises a SO_x storage portion for storing SO_x contained in the exhaust gas, measures a property such as an electric resistance, an volume, a heat capacity or the like of the SO_x storage portion changing with the increase of an amount of SO_x stored in the SO_x storage portion and detects an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period on the basis of the measured property.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Because it is difficult to accurately measure a change of a property such as an electric resistance, a volume, a heat capacity or the like, the above-mentioned detector may be not able to accurately detect an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a detector for detecting sulfur components, which can accurately measure an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage in a given period or a value on the basis of the integrated amount.
A detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1 of the present invention, comprising a storage portion for storing SO_x and NO_x in the exhaust gas passing through an exhaust passage, in which the more an amount of stored SO_x increases, the more an amount of NO_x that can be stored decreases, estimating the amount of stored SO_x on the basis of an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion, and detecting an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period or an value on the basis of the integrated amount, characterized in that the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is prohibited when a current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in the storage portion.
A detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 2 of the present invention is provided as the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1 characterized in that the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is prohibited when a temperature of the storage portion is out of a set temperature range.
A detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 3 of the present invention is provided as the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 2 characterized in that the set temperature range includes a temperature at which a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion is maximized.
A detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 4 of the present invention is provided as the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1 characterized in that after all NO_x and SO_x stored in the storage portion are released, an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion during a set period is detected by releasing all the amount of stored NO_x, when the set period is gradually lengthened, each amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion during each set period is detected, a maximum value of the detected amounts of stored NO_x is set to a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SOx is not stored.
A detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 5 of the present invention is provided as the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in any one of claims 1-4 characterized in that the storage portion stores NO_x in exhaust gas as nitrate and oxygen is supplied in the vicinity of the storage portion.
According to the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1 of the present invention, the detector comprises a storage portion for storing SO_x and NO_x in the exhaust gas passing through an exhaust passage, in which the more an amount of stored SO_x increases, the more an amount of NO_x that can be stored decreases, so that an amount of stored SO_x can be estimated on the basis of an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion, and an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period or an value on the basis of the integrated amount can be detected on the basis the amount of stored SO_x in the storage portion because a given rate of an amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage is stored in the storage portion of the detector. In the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount, a current amount of NO_x that can be stored must be stored in the storage portion. If the amount of stored SO_x was estimated on the basis of the amount of stored NO_x when the current amount of NO_x that can be stored was not stored in the storage portion, the estimated amount of stored SO_x will become more than the actual amount. Accordingly, the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is prohibited when a current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in the storage portion.
According to the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 2 of the present invention, in the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1, the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is prohibited when a temperature of the storage portion is out of a set temperature range. Because a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion changes in accordance with a temperature of the storage portion, and if the amount of stored SO_x was estimated on the basis of the amount stored NO_x when the temperature of the storage portion became out of the set temperature range and the current amount of NO_x that can be stored decreased (or increased) by the change of the temperature, the estimated amount of stored SO_x will become more (or less) than the actual amount.
According to the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 3 of the present invention, in the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 2, the set temperature range includes a temperature at which a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion is maximized. Therefore, when the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is estimated, the amount of stored NO_x becomes relatively large so that the amount of stored NO_x can be easily measured.
According to the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 4 of the present invention, in the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 1, after all NO_x and SO_x stored in the storage portion are released, an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion during a set period is detected by releasing all the amount of stored NO_x, when the set period is gradually lengthened, each amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion during each set period is detected, a maximum value of the detected amounts of stored NO_x is set to a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SO_x is not stored. The current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SO_x is not stored, changes in accordance with deterioration of the storage portion. Thus, when all NO_x and SO_x stored in the storage portion are released, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SO_x is not stored, can be reliably updated without SO_x stored in the storage portion as the storage portion is not exposed in the exhaust gas for a long time. Therefore, when the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is estimated, the amount of stored SO_x can be estimated relative accurately on the basis of the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion.
According to the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in claim 5 of the present invention, in the detector for detecting sulfur components as set forth in any one of claims 1-4, the storage portion stores NO_x in exhaust gas as nitrate so that when oxygen is supplied in the vicinity of the storage portion, NO in the exhaust gas is oxidized to NO₂ by the supplied oxygen so as to be easily stored in the storage portion as nitrate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an engine exhaust system in which a detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention is arranged.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart for detecting an integrated amount of SO_x or a value on the basis of the integrated amount by using of the detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a temperature of the storage portion of the detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention and an amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SO_x is not stored.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart for updating the amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion when SO_x is not stored of the detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an engine exhaust system in which a detector for detecting sulfur components according to the present invention is arranged. In Fig. 1, reference numeral 1 is an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine. The engine performs lean combustion such as in a diesel engine or a direct fuel injection-type spark-ignition engine. The exhaust gas of such an engine includes a relatively large amount of NO_x so that a NO_x catalyst device 2 for purifying NO_x is arranged in the exhaust passage 1.
The NO_x catalyst device 2 carries a NO_x storage material and a noble metal catalyst such as platinum Pt. The NO_x storage material is at least one element selected from for example potassium K, sodium Na, lithium Li, cesium Cs, or another alkali metal, barium Ba, calcium Ca, or another alkali earth metal, and lanthanum La, yttrium Y, or another rare earth.
The NO_x catalyst device 2 satisfactorily stores NO_x in the exhaust gas so as to absorb NO_x as nitrate or so as to adsorb NO_x as NO₂ when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is lean, that is, when the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas is high. However, the NO_x catalyst device cannot store NO_x without limitation. Accordingly, before the NO_x catalyst device can not almost store further NO_x because an amount of NO_x stored in the NO_x catalyst device almost reaches the largest amount of NO_x that can be stored therein, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is changed to a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or a rich air-fuel ratio as the regeneration treatment, namely, the concentration of oxygen of the exhaust gas is lowered. Therefore, the stored NO_x is separated, namely, the absorbed NO_x is released or the adsorbed NO₂ is disconnected, and thereafter the separated NO_x is reduced and purified to N₂ by reducing materials in the exhaust gas.
Once the NO_x catalyst device 2 stores SO_x in the exhaust gas as sulfate, sulfate is more stable than nitrate so that the stored SO_x cannot be released by the regeneration treatment and an amount of NO_x that can be stored drops (sulfur contamination). Therefore, a S trap device 3 which can store SO_x in the exhaust gas is arranged upstream of the NO_x catalyst device 2 in the exhaust passage 1 to restrain the sulfur contamination of the NO_x catalyst device 2.
The detector for detecting sulfur components 4 according to the present invention is arranged, for example, between the S trap device 3 and the NO_x catalyst device 2, and detects an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the S trap device 3. When the integrated amount of SO_x reaches a set value, it can be determined that it is a time to exchange the S trap device 3 for a new one.
Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 according to the present invention. In Fig. 2, reference numeral 10 is an outer wall of the exhaust passage 1. Reference numeral 41 is a base plate of the detector for detecting sulfur components 4. A temperature sensor 42 such as a thermocouple is arranged on one side (preferably exhaust gas upstream side) of the base plate 41. On the other hand, an electric heater 43 is arranged on the other side of the base plate 41. Reference numeral 44 is a storage portion for NO_x and SO_x arranged so as to cover the temperature sensitive portion of the temperature sensor 42. Reference numeral 45 is a cylindrical case which surrounds the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 having the above-construction and goes through the outer wall 10 of the exhaust passage 1.
A plurality of openings 45a is formed on the case 45. The exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage 1 flows into the case 45 via the openings 45a. Reference numeral 46 is an oxygen pump for supplying oxygen (for example, oxygen in the atmosphere) in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 within the case 45, and the oxygen pump is arranged around the unit of the temperature sensor 42, the base plate 41, and the electric heater 43 to separate the space around the storage portion 44 within the case 45 from the atmosphere chamber. The oxygen pump 46 is made from zirconia or the like. In contrast with a zirconia oxygen sensor, the oxygen pump can make oxygen in the atmosphere move to the vicinity of the storage portion 44 within the case 45 by impressing voltage.
The storage portion 44 stores NO_x and SO_x in the exhaust gas and can be formed to apply the above-mentioned NO_x storage material and a noble metal catalyst such as platinum Pt on the temperature sensitive portion of the temperature sensor 42.
As mentioned above, the storage portion 44 constructed like this absorbs NO_x in the exhaust gas as nitrate and absorbs SO_x in the exhaust gas as sulfate instead of NO_x. The storage portion 44 has an amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored (or an amount of NO_x and SO_x that can be stored). Sulfate is more stable than nitrate so that an amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored is a standard and the more an amount of stored SO_x increases, the more a current amount of NO_x that can be stored decrease.
On the basis of this relationship, an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector for detecting sulfur components during a given period can be detected, or an average value of each SO_x concentration in the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector for detecting sulfur components during the given period or an average value of each amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector for detecting sulfur components during the given period can be detected as a value on the basis of the integrated amount of SO_x.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart for detecting an integrated amount of SO_x or a value on the basis of the integrated amount by the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 and is carried out in an electronic control unit (not shown). First, at step 101, it is determined if it is a time to detect an integrated amount of SO_x. When the result at step 101 is negative, the routine is finished. On the other hand, when it is necessary to detect an integrated amount of SO_x regularly or irregularly, the result at step 101 is positive and the routine goes to step 102.
At step 102, it is determined if an elapsed time (t) which is explained later in detail reaches a set time (t'). This determination is repeated until the result at step 102 is positive. When the result at step 102 is positive, at step 103, a temperature (T) of the storage portion 44 of the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 is measured by the temperature sensor 42 and it is determined if the measured temperature (T) is within a set temperature range from a first temperature (T1) (for example, 350-380 degrees C) to a second temperature (T2) (for example, 400-430 degrees C). This determination is repeated until the result at step 103 is positive. In case that a temperature of the exhaust gas is low, when the result at step 101 is negative, for example, the electric heater 43 may be operated such that the result at step 103 is positive. If necessary, the electric heater 43 may be operated such that the temperature (T) of the storage portion 44 is always maintained within the set temperature range (from T1 to T2).
When the result at step 103 is positive, an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 is made rich to reduce the oxygen concentration in the vicinity of the storage portion 44. Therefore, NO_x is released from the storage portion 44 and is reduced as follows.

1/2Ba(NO₃)₂→1/2BaO+NO+3/4O₂-309.6kJ/mol CO+NO→1/2N₂+2CO₂+373.2kJ/mol

3/2CO+3/4O₂→3/2CO₂+424.5kJ/mol
Thus, a quantity of heat of about 490kJ is produced for 1mol of NO_x. Therefore, an increase value of temperature ΔT (Ta-Tb) between a maximum temperature (Ta) of the storage portion after the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 is changed to rich and a temperature (Tb) of the storage portion 44 before the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 is changed to rich is measured by the temperature sensor 42. At step 104, an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) (mol) is detected on the basis of this increase value of temperature ΔT. When it is finished to measure the increase value of temperature ΔT, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is returned to lean of normal engine operations.
When the amount of stored NO_x (A) is less than the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored, SO_x is stored in the storage portion 44 and a current amount of stored SO_x (B-A) is estimated at step 105.
A given rate of an amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 is stored in the storage portion 44 of the detector 4. Therefore, at step 106, an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector 4 during the given period is detected on the basis of the current amount of stored SO_x. Next, at step 107, the elapsed time (t) is reset to 0 and the routine is finished.
In the present flow chart, to estimate accurately the amount of SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (B-A) at step 105, the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) detected at step 104 must be equal to the current amount of NO_x that can be stored which is decreased by the stored SO_x. Namely, when the amount of SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (B-A) at step 105 is estimated, it is required that the current amount of NO_x that can be stored is stored in the storage portion 44. If the amount of stored SO_x is estimated on the basis of the amount of stored NO_x when the current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in the storage portion, the estimated amount of stored SO_x becomes more than an actual amount.
In the present flow chart, when the elapsed time (t) does not reach the set time (t'), there is some possibility that the current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in the storage portion 44, the result at step 102 is negative so that the processes after step 103 including the estimation of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x are prohibited (are not carried out).
The elapsed time (t) is reset to 0 when the engine is started initially or is reset to 0 at step 107 of the present flow chart. In addition to these, the elapsed time (t) is reset to 0 when all amount of NO_x is released from storage portion 44. For example, in the regeneration treatment of the NO_x catalyst device 2, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is changed to rich and all amount of NO_x is released from the storage portion 44 so that the elapsed time (t) is reset to 0 when the regeneration treatment is finished. On the other hand, to reset the integrated amount of SO_x, all amount of stored SO_x is released from the storage portion 44. In this case, all amount of NO_x is also released from the storage portion 44 so that the elapsed time (t) is reset to 0.
Incidentally, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 is changed in accordance with the temperature of the storage portion 44. As an example, Fig. 4 shows the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) in the storage portion 44 formed from the NO_x storage material (Ba) when SO_x is not stored. As shown in Fig. 4, the amount of NO_x that can be stored in each amount of stored SO_x is maximum when the temperature of the storage portion 44 is T1 (350-380 degrees C) and is maintained relative high when the temperature of the storage portion 44 is between T1 and T2 (400-430 degrees C).
Thus, to accurately estimate the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x, it is preferable that the temperature (T) of the storage portion 44 when the current amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) is detected corresponds with a set temperature of the storage portion 44 at which the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored is determined as the standard. At least, when the temperature (T) of the storage portion 44 is out of the set temperature range including this set temperature, it is preferable to prohibit the estimation of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x. For example, when the temperature (T) of the storage portion 44 becomes out of the set temperature range and the amount of NO_x that can be stored decreases by the changing of the temperature of the storage portion 44, if the amount of stored SO_x is estimated on the basis of the amount of stored NO_x, the estimated amount of stored SO_x becomes more than the actual amount.
Accordingly, in the present flow chart, when the temperature of the storage portion 44 is out of the set temperature range, the result at step 103 is negative and the processes after step 104 including the estimating of the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x are prohibited (are not carried out).
The set temperature of the storage portion 44 at which the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored is determined as the standard is preferably for example 350 degrees C at which the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) becomes maximum. The set temperature range at step 103 includes preferably the temperature of the storage portion (for example 350 degrees C) at which the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) becomes maximum. Thus, when the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount is estimated, the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 becomes relatively large so that the amount of stored NO_x can be easily measured.
Incidentally, in case that the storage portion 44 of the detector for detecting sulfur components 4 stores NO_x in the exhaust gas as nitrate, like the present embodiment, if oxygen is supplied in the vicinity of the storage portion 44, NO in the exhaust gas is oxidized to NO₂ by the supplied oxygen and is easily stored in the storage portion 44 as nitrate.
In accordance with the engine operating conditions, the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas flowing into the case 45 becomes relatively low. Therefore, except during the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is intentionally made rich in the regeneration treatment of NO_x catalyst device 2, the process for releasing NO_x from the storage portion 44 mentioned above, or the like, the oxygen pump 46 is preferably operated to supply oxygen in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 such that NO in the exhaust gas is easily stored in the storage portion 44. Particularly, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas in the vicinity of the storage portion 44 is preferably made 40 and over.
Incidentally, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 on the basis of each amount of stored SO_x is gradually decreased according to the deterioration thereof. Therefore, to accurately estimate the amount of stored SO_x for detecting the integrated amount of SO_x or the value on the basis of the integrated amount, the amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) when SO_x is not stored determined as the standard must be updated to a current value. When the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion decreases with the deterioration, if the amount of store SO_x is estimated on the basis of the original standard, the estimated amount of stored SO_x becomes more than the actual amount.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart for updating the amount of NO_x that can be stored when SO_x is not stored used as the standard and is carried out in the electronic control unit.
When it is intended to detect an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage 1 at the position of the detector for detecting sulfur compositions 4 during a new given period or a value on the basis of the integrated amount of SO_x, the amount of SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 is required to be reset to 0. At step 201, in such a case, it is determined if all amount of SO_x is released from the storage portion 44.
To release SO_x from the storage portion 44, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas must be not only made rich but the temperature of the storage portion 44 must be also made high (for example, 650 degrees C). Therefore, reduction materials in the exhaust gas may be oxidized by using of the noble metal catalyst on the storage portion 44 to raise the temperature of the storage portion 44 or the electric heater 43 may raise the temperature of the storage portion 44. Thus, when SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 as sulfate is released, of course NO_x stored as nitrate unstable more than sulfate is also released from the storage portion 44.
When the result at step 201 is negative, the routine is finished. On the other hand, when the result at step 201 is positive, at step 202, the elapsed time (t) is reset to 0 as explained in the flow chart in Fig. 3. Next, at step 203, it is determined if the elapsed time (t) reaches a set period (ts). The determination is repeated until the result is positive. When the result at step 203 is positive, at step 204, an amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) during the set period (ts) is detected to make the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas rich as mentioned above.
Next, at step 205, it is determined if the amount of stored NO_x detected at this time (A) is equal to about the amount of stored NO_x detected at the last time (A'). At first, the amount of stored NO_x detected at the last time (A') is 0 and thus the result at step 205 is negative. Therefore, the routine goes to step 206.
At step 206, the amount of stored NO_x detected at this time (A) is made the amount of stored NO_x detected at the last time (A'). Next, at step 207, the set period (ts) mentioned above is increased by (a) and the routine returns step 202.
When such processes are repeated, the set period (ts) is gradually lengthened and thus the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 during the set period (ts) is gradually increased. Finally, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 is stored. Therefore, at next time, the amount of stored NO_x detected at this time (A) is equal to about the amount of stored NO_x detected at the last time (A'), the result at step 205 is positive, and the routine goes to step 208. Thus, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 can be detected accurately at a short time.
The amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) detected in this way is the amount of NO_x that can be stored when the storage portion 44 is exposed only during a short period (a few minutes or a few ten minutes) after all NO_x and SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 have been released and becomes the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 (B) when SO_x is not stored because SO_x is not almost stored in the storage portion 44 during such a short period. Accordingly, at step 208, the amount of stored NO_x detected at this time (A) is made the current amount of NO_x that can be stored (B) in the storage portion 44 when SO_x is not stored. Next, at step 209, the amount of stored NO_x detected at the last time (A') is reset to 0 and the routine is finished.
Thus, the current amount of NO_x that can be stored in the storage portion 44 (B) when SO_x is not stored is updated as the standard, and can be used in the estimation of the amount of SO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (B-A) at step 105 of the flow chart in Fig. 3.
In the flow charts of Figs. 3 and 5, the elapsed time (t) for storing NO_x in the storage portion 44 can be changed to a running distance. The air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made rich to detect the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A). This does not limit to the present invention. For example, even if the oxygen concentration is not dropped, NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 is released when the temperature of the storage portion becomes about 500 degrees C. Accordingly, with utilizing this, the electric heater 43 heats the storage portion 44 and the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44 (A) may be detected on the basis of a quantity of heat used to release all amount of NO_x from the storage portion 44.
When the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made rich in the regeneration treatment of the NO_x catalyst device 2 and the detection of the amount of NO_x stored in the storage portion 44, the air-fuel ratio of combustion in the engine may be made rich, additional fuel may be supplied into cylinder in exhaust stroke or expansion stroke, or fuel may be supplied to the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 1.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

1:: exhaust passage
2:: NO_x catalyst device
3:: S trap device
4:: detector for detecting sulfur components
42:: temperature sensor
43:: electric heater
44:: storage portion

Claims

A detector for detecting sulfur components comprising a storage portion for storing SO_x and NO_x in the exhaust gas passing through an exhaust passage, in which the more an amount of stored SO_x increases, the more an amount of NO_x that can be stored decreases, estimating said amount of stored SO_x on the basis of an amount of NO_x stored in said storage portion, and detecting an integrated amount of SO_x passing through the exhaust passage during a given period or an value on the basis of said integrated amount, characterized in that the estimating of said amount of stored SO_x for detecting said integrated amount of SO_x or said value on the basis of said integrated amount is prohibited when a current amount of NO_x that can be stored is not stored in said storage portion.
A detector for detecting sulfur components according to claim 1 characterized in that the estimating of said amount of stored SO_x for detecting said integrated amount of SO_x or said value on the basis of said integrated amount is prohibited when a temperature of said storage portion is out of a set temperature range.
A detector for detecting sulfur components according to claim 2 characterized in that said set temperature range includes a temperature at which a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in said storage portion is maximized.
A detector for detecting sulfur components according to claim 1 characterized in that after all NO_x and SO_x stored in said storage portion are released, an amount of NO_x stored in said storage portion during a set period is detected by releasing all said amount of stored NO_x, when said set period is gradually lengthened, each amount of NO_x stored in said storage portion during each set period is detected, a maximum value of the detected amounts of stored NO_x is set to a current amount of NO_x that can be stored in said storage portion when SO_x is not stored.
A detector for detecting sulfur components according to any one of claims 1-4 characterized in that said storage portion stores NO_x in exhaust gas as nitrate and oxygen is supplied in the vicinity of said storage portion.