EP2510527B1 - Method for dimensioning a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a closure member for a heat engine injector, and electromagnetic device - Google Patents

Method for dimensioning a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a closure member for a heat engine injector, and electromagnetic device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2510527B1
EP2510527B1 EP10801647.8A EP10801647A EP2510527B1 EP 2510527 B1 EP2510527 B1 EP 2510527B1 EP 10801647 A EP10801647 A EP 10801647A EP 2510527 B1 EP2510527 B1 EP 2510527B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magnetic circuit
core
electromagnetic device
polarization
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EP10801647.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2510527A1 (en
Inventor
Lalao-Harijaona Rakotoarison
Denis Pascal
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EFI Automotive SA
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Electricfil Automotive SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0614—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a thermal engine of a motor vehicle.
  • an electromagnetic control device for an injector comprises a tubular body internally defining a housing for an electromagnetic actuator of a movable shutter such as a valve.
  • This valve is part of a fuel supply circuit for an injector of a heat engine.
  • the electromagnetic actuator comprises a coil and a magnetic circuit comprising a stator and the movable shutter.
  • the stator is composed of several parts such as, for example, a core around which the winding is mounted and a loopback sleeve mounted to support inside the tubular body.
  • the stator is held in abutment on the tubular body so as to define between the stator and the movable shutter, an air gap of precise dimensions to ensure proper control of the axial displacement of the movable shutter.
  • the circulation of a current in the winding generates the appearance of a magnetic field which creates the magnetic polarization (or magnetization) giving rise to the magnetic induction.
  • the magnetic flux thus passes successively from the core to the gap delimited between the core and the movable shutter, in the movable shutter, in the air gap delimited between the movable shutter and the jacket and then loop back into the core via the loopback shirt.
  • the magnetic induction contributes to the appearance of forces in the gap between the stator and the movable shutter which thus controlled in axial displacement, ensures the opening or closing of the supply circuit of the injector.
  • the magnetic actuator is dimensioned so as to ensure the application of a force necessary for the control in displacement of the movable shutter.
  • such electromagnetic control device comprises congestion constraints related to its implementation in the engine, functional constraints related to the seal to be provided in particular between the electrical circuit and the fuel circulation circuit and the feasibility constraints related to the machining or forming the various component parts.
  • WO 2009/040891 describes the preamble of claim 3.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a method for optimizing the sizing of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit, while allowing to respect constraints including congestion, functional and feasibility.
  • the method relates to the sizing of a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine, the magnetic circuit being formed by various parts in particular, the movable shutter and a core surrounded by a coil in which circulates an excitation current for obtaining the creation of a magnetic induction in the magnetic circuit.
  • the method consists in choosing, for at least two constituent parts of the magnetic circuit, magnetic flow passage sections of different values and different materials having different different saturation values for the magnetic polarization so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit reach their magnetic polarization saturation value, for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the coil.
  • the sizing method consists in producing at least a part of the core with a material having a saturation value for the magnetic polarization, greater than the saturation value for the magnetic polarization of the other materials of at least a part of the constituent parts of the magnetic circuit.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine.
  • This electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine the device comprises, in a tubular body delimiting a housing, an electromagnetic actuator of the movable shutter comprising a magnetic circuit formed by various parts including the movable shutter and a core surrounded by a coil in which circulates an excitation current for the creation of a magnetic induction in the magnetic circuit, in which at least two parts of the magnetic circuit present magnetic flow passage sections of different values, characterized in that said at least two parts have materials having different saturation values for the magnetic polarization so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit reach their magnetic polarization saturation value. , for sensibleme nt the same value of the current flowing in the winding.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an electromagnetic injector 1 for an internal combustion engine.
  • This injector 1 is for example of the common rail type.
  • Such an electromagnetic injector 1 comprises a tubular body 2 forming its outer envelope.
  • the electromagnetic injector 1 is provided at one of its ends with an injection nozzle 4 of the fuel.
  • the end of the tubular body 2 opposite that provided with the injection nozzle 4 is used to assemble a mounting system 6 of an electromagnetic control device 7 for a movable shutter 8.
  • the electromagnetic device 7 is mounted inside a bore or a housing 9 delimited by the tubular body 2.
  • the electromagnetic control device 7 comprises an electromagnetic actuator 11 for the movable shutter 8 such as a valve part of a circuit, not shown, of fuel supply of the injection nozzle 4.
  • the movable shutter 8 and the fuel supply circuit are not shown more precisely because they are not part of precisely of the invention and are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 11 comprises a magnetic circuit 12 formed of several parts and including a stator 13 and the movable shutter 8.
  • the magnetic circuit 12 thus comprises at least one gap E between the stator 13 and the movable shutter 8.
  • the stator 13 comprises a central core 14 surrounded by a coil 16 in which circulates an excitation current.
  • the coil 16 which consists of several turns is not described more precisely because it does not form part of the invention and is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the stator 13 of the magnetic circuit 12 also includes a jacket 18 of loopback of the flow, mounted inside the housing 9. This jacket 18 surrounds the winding 16 to ensure the looping of the magnetic flux between the core 14 and the movable shutter 8.
  • the liner 18 is mounted in abutment on a stop 19 inside the tubular body 2.
  • the magnetic flux passes from the core 14 to the gap E delimited between the core 14 and the movable shutter 8, in the movable shutter 8, in the air gap E 1 delimited between the shutter mobile 8 and the liner 18 and then loops back into the core 14 via the loopback liner 18.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of sizing the magnetic circuit 12 to optimize its implementation to ensure the reliable control of the movable shutter 8 while taking into account the constraints of implementation such as space, functioning and feasibility.
  • the method according to the invention aims to choose for at least two constituent parts of the magnetic circuit 12, different materials having different saturation values for the magnetic polarization J so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit 12 reach the saturation value of the magnetic polarization for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the coil 16.
  • the appearance of a saturated zone in a magnetic circuit degrades the overall performance of the electromagnetic actuator 11.
  • the sizing method according to the invention therefore aims to combine for the parts of the magnetic circuit 12, their passage sections of the magnetic flux and their saturation values of the magnetic polarization so that the constituent parts of the magnetic circuit reach their saturation value. of magnetic polarization for substantially the same current value flowing in the winding 16.
  • the realization of the magnetic circuit 12 with materials whose saturation polarization values are different while the passage section of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 12 is variable avoids saturation in the magnetic circuit zones 12 having a small passage section.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to dimension the parts of the magnetic circuit 12 in terms of passage sections and saturation polarization values, so as not to obtain saturated areas for the excitation current in the winding 16 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates different curves of the magnetic polarization J as a function of the magnetic field H for different materials namely M 1 , M 2 , M 3 .
  • Each magnetic polarization curve J has a linearity range followed by a saturation range.
  • the materials M 1 , M 2 , M 3 respectively exhibit different saturation values for the magnetic polarization, namely JsatM 1 , JsatM 2 and JsatM 3 with JsatM 1 greater than JsatM 2 which is greater than JsatM 3 in the example illustrated.
  • a high-end material M 1 may have a saturation polarization 1.2 to 1.5 times larger than a standard material M 2 .
  • the high end material M 1 may be an alloy of Cobalt Iron (Jsat from 2.2 to 2.4 T).
  • the standard material M 2 may be an iron silicon alloy (Jsat of 1.75 T at 2 T).
  • the magnetic circuit 12 comprises at least two parts or two parts of parts having, on the one hand, magnetic flux passage sections of different values and, on the other hand, materials having different saturation values. for magnetic polarization J.
  • the method aims at producing at least part of the core 14 with a material having a value of saturation for the magnetic polarization J greater than the saturation value for the magnetic polarization of the other materials constituting the magnetic circuit and in particular the other parts of the magnetic circuit.
  • the core 14 is made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) while the movable shutter 8 is made of iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ).
  • the core 14 is made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) while the looping liner 18 is made of iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ).
  • the realization of the liner 18 Iron Silicon alloy gives it a mechanical strength to resist the compressive force to which the electromagnetic actuator is subjected for sealing issues.
  • the movable shutter 8 may be made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) or iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ).
  • tubular body 2 may be provided to produce the tubular body 2 based on mild steel (M 3 ) so that the sleeve 18 is less magnetically stressed.
  • the entire core 14 is made of a high-end material M 1 . It should be noted that it can be expected to perform only part of the core 14 with a high-end material M 1 .
  • the part of the core 14 placed vis-à-vis the movable shutter 8 and surrounded by the coil 16 is made of a high-end material M 1 while a portion 14 1 of the connection core with the jacket 18 is made of a standard material M 2 .
  • the liner 18 is made completely of a single material such as a standard material M 2 .
  • the FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which only part of the liner 18 is made of a standard material M 2 while another part 18 1 is made of a high-end material M 1 .
  • the portion 18 1 of the jacket 18 made by the high-end material M 1 is a part located in relation to the movable shutter 8.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif électromagnétique de commande d'un obturateur mobile faisant partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant d'un injecteur pour moteur thermique d'un véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to an electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a thermal engine of a motor vehicle.

D'une manière classique, un dispositif électromagnétique de commande pour un injecteur, comporte un corps tubulaire délimitant intérieurement un logement pour un actuateur électromagnétique d'un obturateur mobile tel qu'une valve. Cette valve fait partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant pour un injecteur d'un moteur thermique. L'actuateur électromagnétique comporte un bobinage et un circuit magnétique comportant un stator et l'obturateur mobile. Le stator est composé de plusieurs pièces comme par exemple, un noyau autour duquel le bobinage est monté et une chemise de rebouclage montée en appui à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire. Le stator est maintenu en appui sur le corps tubulaire de manière à définir entre le stator et l'obturateur mobile, un entrefer de dimensions précises pour permettre d'assurer correctement la commande en déplacement axial de l'obturateur mobile.In a conventional manner, an electromagnetic control device for an injector, comprises a tubular body internally defining a housing for an electromagnetic actuator of a movable shutter such as a valve. This valve is part of a fuel supply circuit for an injector of a heat engine. The electromagnetic actuator comprises a coil and a magnetic circuit comprising a stator and the movable shutter. The stator is composed of several parts such as, for example, a core around which the winding is mounted and a loopback sleeve mounted to support inside the tubular body. The stator is held in abutment on the tubular body so as to define between the stator and the movable shutter, an air gap of precise dimensions to ensure proper control of the axial displacement of the movable shutter.

La circulation d'un courant dans le bobinage engendre l'apparition d'un champ magnétique qui crée la polarisation magnétique (ou aimantation) donnant naissance à l'induction magnétique. Le flux magnétique passe ainsi successivement du noyau à l'entrefer délimité entre le noyau et l'obturateur mobile, dans l'obturateur mobile, dans l'entrefer délimité entre l'obturateur mobile et la chemise pour ensuite se reboucler dans le noyau via la chemise de rebouclage. L'induction magnétique contribue à l'apparition de forces dans l'entrefer entre le stator et l'obturateur mobile qui ainsi commandé en déplacement axial, assure l'ouverture ou la fermeture du circuit d'alimentation de l'injecteur. L'actuateur magnétique est dimensionné de manière à assurer l'application d'une force nécessaire à la commande en déplacement de l'obturateur mobile. Cependant, il doit être noté qu'un tel dispositif électromagnétique de commande comporte des contraintes d'encombrement liées à son implantation dans le moteur, des contraintes fonctionnelles liées à l'étanchéité à assurer notamment entre le circuit électrique et le circuit de circulation du carburant et des contraintes de faisabilité liées à l'usinage ou au formage des différentes pièces constitutives.The circulation of a current in the winding generates the appearance of a magnetic field which creates the magnetic polarization (or magnetization) giving rise to the magnetic induction. The magnetic flux thus passes successively from the core to the gap delimited between the core and the movable shutter, in the movable shutter, in the air gap delimited between the movable shutter and the jacket and then loop back into the core via the loopback shirt. The magnetic induction contributes to the appearance of forces in the gap between the stator and the movable shutter which thus controlled in axial displacement, ensures the opening or closing of the supply circuit of the injector. The magnetic actuator is dimensioned so as to ensure the application of a force necessary for the control in displacement of the movable shutter. However, it should be noted that such electromagnetic control device comprises congestion constraints related to its implementation in the engine, functional constraints related to the seal to be provided in particular between the electrical circuit and the fuel circulation circuit and the feasibility constraints related to the machining or forming the various component parts.

Dans ces conditions, il s'avère en pratique difficile d'optimiser le dimensionnement de l'actuateur électromagnétique tout en respectant les contraintes d'encombrement, fonctionnelles et de faisabilité.Under these conditions, it is difficult in practice to optimize the design of the electromagnetic actuator while respecting the constraints of space, functional and feasibility.

Dans l'état de la technique, il est connu par les documents US 2006/238284 et WO 2009/040891 , un actuateur électromagnétique dont le circuit magnétique comporte un obturateur mobile et un noyau entouré par un bobinage. Un tel obturateur mobile ne fait pas partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant d'un injecteur pour moteur thermique. Aussi, de tels documents n'apportent pas de solutions aux contraintes d'encombrement, de faisabilité et de fonctionnalité, liées à l'implantation de l'actuateur électromagnétique dans un moteur.In the state of the art, it is known from the documents US 2006/238284 and WO 2009/040891 , an electromagnetic actuator whose magnetic circuit comprises a movable shutter and a core surrounded by a winding. Such a movable shutter is not part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine. Also, such documents do not provide solutions to congestion constraints, feasibility and functionality, related to the implementation of the electromagnetic actuator in an engine.

US 2006/238284 décrit le préambule de la revendication 1. US 2006/238284 describes the preamble of claim 1.

WO 2009/040891 décrit le préambule de la revendication 3. WO 2009/040891 describes the preamble of claim 3.

La présente invention vise donc à remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur en proposant un procédé permettant d'optimiser le dimensionnement d'un actuateur électromagnétique de commande d'un obturateur faisant partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant, tout en permettant de respecter les contraintes notamment d'encombrement, fonctionnelles et de faisabilité.The present invention therefore aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by proposing a method for optimizing the sizing of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit, while allowing to respect constraints including congestion, functional and feasibility.

Pour atteindre un tel objectif, le procédé vise le dimensionnement d'un circuit magnétique d'un actuateur électromagnétique de commande d'un obturateur mobile faisant partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant d'un injecteur pour moteur thermique, le circuit magnétique étant formé par diverses pièces notamment, l'obturateur mobile et un noyau entouré par un bobinage dans lequel circule un courant d'excitation permettant d'obtenir la création d'une induction magnétique dans le circuit magnétique.To achieve such an objective, the method relates to the sizing of a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine, the magnetic circuit being formed by various parts in particular, the movable shutter and a core surrounded by a coil in which circulates an excitation current for obtaining the creation of a magnetic induction in the magnetic circuit.

Selon l'invention, le procédé consiste à choisir pour au moins deux parties constitutives du circuit magnétique, des sections de passage du flux magnétique de valeurs différentes et des matériaux différents présentant des valeurs différentes de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique de manière que les éléments constitutifs du circuit magnétique atteignent leur valeur de saturation de polarisation magnétique, pour sensiblement la même valeur du courant circulant dans le bobinage.According to the invention, the method consists in choosing, for at least two constituent parts of the magnetic circuit, magnetic flow passage sections of different values and different materials having different different saturation values for the magnetic polarization so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit reach their magnetic polarization saturation value, for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the coil.

Selon une variante préférée de réalisation, le procédé de dimensionnement consiste à réaliser au moins une partie du noyau avec un matériau présentant une valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique, supérieure à la valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique des autres matériaux d'au moins une partie des pièces constitutives du circuit magnétique.According to a preferred embodiment, the sizing method consists in producing at least a part of the core with a material having a saturation value for the magnetic polarization, greater than the saturation value for the magnetic polarization of the other materials of at least a part of the constituent parts of the magnetic circuit.

Un autre objet de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif électromagnétique de commande d'un obturateur mobile faisant partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant d'un injecteur pour moteur thermique. Ce dispositif électromagnétique de commande d'un obturateur mobile faisant partie d'un circuit d'alimentation en carburant d'un injecteur pour moteur thermique, le dispositif comporte dans un corps tubulaire délimitant un logement, un actuateur électromagnétique de l'obturateur mobile comportant un circuit magnétique formé par diverses pièces et notamment l'obturateur mobile et un noyau entouré par un bobinage dans lequel circule un courant d'excitation permettant la création d'une induction magnétique dans le circuit magnétique, dans lequel au moins deux parties du circuit magnétique présentent des sections de passage du flux magnétique de valeurs différentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdites au moins deux parties présentent des matériaux présentant des valeurs différentes de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique de manière que les éléments constitutifs du circuit magnétique atteignent leur valeur de saturation de polarisation magnétique, pour sensiblement la même valeur du courant circulant dans le bobinage.Another object of the invention is to provide an electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine. This electromagnetic device for controlling a movable shutter forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine, the device comprises, in a tubular body delimiting a housing, an electromagnetic actuator of the movable shutter comprising a magnetic circuit formed by various parts including the movable shutter and a core surrounded by a coil in which circulates an excitation current for the creation of a magnetic induction in the magnetic circuit, in which at least two parts of the magnetic circuit present magnetic flow passage sections of different values, characterized in that said at least two parts have materials having different saturation values for the magnetic polarization so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit reach their magnetic polarization saturation value. , for sensibleme nt the same value of the current flowing in the winding.

De plus, un capteur inductif selon l'invention peut présenter en outre au moins l'une des caractéristiques additionnelles suivantes :

  • au moins une partie du noyau est réalisée en un matériau présentant une valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique, supérieure à la valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique des autres matériaux formant au moins en partie les autres pièces constitutives du circuit magnétique,
  • le circuit magnétique comporte également en association avec le noyau, une chemise de rebouclage du flux avec l'obturateur mobile,
  • la chemise de rebouclage est montée en appui à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire,
  • au moins une partie de la chemise de rebouclage est réalisée en un matériau présentant une valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique, d'une part inférieure à celle du matériau constitutif du noyau et, d'autre part supérieure à celle du matériau constitutif du corps tubulaire,
  • au moins une partie du noyau est réalisée en alliage Fer Cobalt tandis qu'au moins une partie de l'obturateur mobile est réalisé en alliage Fer Silicium,
  • au moins une partie de la chemise de rebouclage est réalisée en alliage Fer Silicium alors qu'au moins une partie du noyau est réalisée en alliage Fer Cobalt,
  • le corps tubulaire est réalisé en acier doux.
In addition, an inductive sensor according to the invention may furthermore have at least one of the following additional characteristics:
  • at least a part of the core is made of a material having a saturation value for the magnetic polarization, greater than the saturation value for the magnetic polarization of the other materials forming at least in part the other constituent parts of the magnetic circuit,
  • the magnetic circuit also comprises, in association with the core, a flux looping jacket with the movable shutter,
  • the looping sleeve is mounted in support inside the tubular body,
  • at least a part of the looping jacket is made of a material having a saturation value for the magnetic polarization, on the one hand less than that of the constituent material of the core and, on the other hand, greater than that of the material constituting the body tubular,
  • at least part of the core is made of Cobalt Iron alloy while at least part of the movable shutter is made of iron-silicon alloy,
  • at least a part of the looping jacket is made of iron-silicon alloy while at least part of the core is made of iron-cobalt alloy,
  • the tubular body is made of mild steel.

Diverses autres caractéristiques ressortent de la description faite ci-dessous en référence aux dessins annexés qui montrent, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, des formes de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention.

  • La Figure 1 est une vue en perspective montrant d'une manière générale un injecteur pour moteur thermique.
  • La Figure 2 est une demi-coupe en élévation montrant la réalisation d'un dispositif électromagnétique de commande pour un obturateur mobile conforme à l'invention.
  • La Figure 3 représente les courbes de polarisation magnétique J en fonction du champ magnétique H, pour divers matériaux M1, M2 et M3 présentant des valeurs différentes de saturation de polarisation magnétique respectivement JsatM1, JsatM2, JsatM3.
  • Les Figures 4 et 5 illustrent en demi-coupe, deux autres variantes de réalisation d'un dispositif électromagnétique de commande conforme à l'invention.
Various other characteristics appear from the description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings which show, by way of non-limiting examples, embodiments of the subject of the invention.
  • The Figure 1 is a perspective view generally showing an injector for a heat engine.
  • The Figure 2 is a half-section in elevation showing the realization of an electromagnetic control device for a movable shutter according to the invention.
  • The Figure 3 represents the magnetic polarization curves J as a function of the magnetic field H, for various materials M 1 , M 2 and M 3 exhibiting different magnetic polarization saturation values respectively JsatM 1 , JsatM 2 , JsatM 3 .
  • The Figures 4 and 5 illustrate in half-section, two other variants of an electromagnetic control device according to the invention.

La Fig. 1 illustre un injecteur électromagnétique 1 pour moteur à combustion interne. Cet injecteur 1 est par exemple du type à rampe commune. Un tel injecteur électromagnétique 1 comporte un corps tubulaire 2 formant son enveloppe externe. De manière classique, l'injecteur électromagnétique 1 est pourvu à l'une de ses extrémités d'une buse d'injection 4 du carburant. L'extrémité du corps tubulaire 2 opposée de celle pourvue de la buse d'injection 4 sert à l'assemblage d'un système de montage 6 d'un dispositif électromagnétique de commande 7 pour un obturateur mobile 8. The FIG. 1 illustrates an electromagnetic injector 1 for an internal combustion engine. This injector 1 is for example of the common rail type. Such an electromagnetic injector 1 comprises a tubular body 2 forming its outer envelope. Conventionally, the electromagnetic injector 1 is provided at one of its ends with an injection nozzle 4 of the fuel. The end of the tubular body 2 opposite that provided with the injection nozzle 4 is used to assemble a mounting system 6 of an electromagnetic control device 7 for a movable shutter 8.

Tel que cela ressort plus précisément de la Fig. 2 , le dispositif électromagnétique 7 est monté à l'intérieur d'un alésage ou d'un logement 9 délimité par le corps tubulaire 2. Le dispositif électromagnétique de commande 7 comporte un actuateur électromagnétique 11 pour l'obturateur mobile 8 tel qu'une valve faisant partie d'un circuit, non représenté, d'alimentation en carburant de la buse d'injection 4. L'obturateur mobile 8 ainsi que le circuit d'alimentation en carburant ne sont pas représentés plus précisément car ils ne font pas partie précisément de l'invention et sont bien connus de l'homme du métier.As is more particularly apparent from the FIG. 2 , the electromagnetic device 7 is mounted inside a bore or a housing 9 delimited by the tubular body 2. The electromagnetic control device 7 comprises an electromagnetic actuator 11 for the movable shutter 8 such as a valve part of a circuit, not shown, of fuel supply of the injection nozzle 4. The movable shutter 8 and the fuel supply circuit are not shown more precisely because they are not part of precisely of the invention and are well known to those skilled in the art.

L'actuateur électromagnétique 11 comporte un circuit magnétique 12 formé de plusieurs pièces et dont notamment un stator 13 et l'obturateur mobile 8. Le circuit magnétique 12 comporte ainsi au moins un entrefer E entre le stator 13 et l'obturateur mobile 8. The electromagnetic actuator 11 comprises a magnetic circuit 12 formed of several parts and including a stator 13 and the movable shutter 8. The magnetic circuit 12 thus comprises at least one gap E between the stator 13 and the movable shutter 8.

Dans l'exemple illustré à la Fig. 2 , le stator 13 comporte un noyau central 14 entouré par un bobinage 16 dans lequel circule un courant d'excitation. Le bobinage 16 qui est constitué de plusieurs spires n'est pas décrit plus précisément car il ne fait pas partie de l'invention et est bien connu de l'homme du métier.In the example shown in FIG. 2 , the stator 13 comprises a central core 14 surrounded by a coil 16 in which circulates an excitation current. The coil 16 which consists of several turns is not described more precisely because it does not form part of the invention and is well known to those skilled in the art.

La circulation d'un courant d'excitation dans le bobinage 16 engendre l'apparition d'un champ magnétique H qui crée une polarisation magnétique ou aimantation J donnant naissance à une induction magnétique dont le flux est canalisé dans le circuit magnétique 12. Dans l'exemple illustré, le stator 13 du circuit magnétique 12 comporte également une chemise 18 de rebouclage du flux, montée à l'intérieur du logement 9. Cette chemise 18 entoure le bobinage 16 pour assurer le rebouclage du flux magnétique entre le noyau 14 et l'obturateur mobile 8. De manière avantageuse, la chemise 18 est montée en appui sur une butée d'arrêt 19 à l'intérieur du corps tubulaire 2. The circulation of an excitation current in the winding 16 generates the appearance of a magnetic field H which creates a magnetic polarization or magnetization J giving rise to a magnetic induction whose flux is channeled in the magnetic circuit 12. illustrated example, the stator 13 of the magnetic circuit 12 also includes a jacket 18 of loopback of the flow, mounted inside the housing 9. This jacket 18 surrounds the winding 16 to ensure the looping of the magnetic flux between the core 14 and the movable shutter 8. Advantageously, the liner 18 is mounted in abutment on a stop 19 inside the tubular body 2.

Il ressort de la description qui précède que le flux magnétique passe du noyau 14 à l'entrefer E délimité entre le noyau 14 et l'obturateur mobile 8, dans l'obturateur mobile 8, dans l'entrefer E1 délimité entre l'obturateur mobile 8 et la chemise 18 puis se reboucle dans le noyau 14 via la chemise de rebouclage 18. It follows from the preceding description that the magnetic flux passes from the core 14 to the gap E delimited between the core 14 and the movable shutter 8, in the movable shutter 8, in the air gap E 1 delimited between the shutter mobile 8 and the liner 18 and then loops back into the core 14 via the loopback liner 18.

L'objet de l'invention vise à proposer un procédé de dimensionnement du circuit magnétique 12 permettant d'optimiser sa réalisation pour assurer la commande fiable de l'obturateur mobile 8 tout en tenant compte des contraintes de réalisation telles que d'encombrement, de fonctionnement et de faisabilité.The object of the invention is to provide a method of sizing the magnetic circuit 12 to optimize its implementation to ensure the reliable control of the movable shutter 8 while taking into account the constraints of implementation such as space, functioning and feasibility.

Dans la mesure où la section de passage du flux magnétique n'est pas constante tout le long du circuit magnétique 12 en raison des contraintes de réalisation, le procédé selon l'invention vise à choisir pour au moins deux parties constitutives du circuit magnétique 12, des matériaux différents présentant des valeurs différentes de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique J de manière que les éléments constitutifs du circuit magnétique 12 atteignent la valeur de saturation de la polarisation magnétique pour sensiblement la même valeur du courant circulant dans le bobinage 16. En effet, l'apparition d'une zone saturée dans un circuit magnétique dégrade la performance globale de l'actuateur électromagnétique 11. Insofar as the passage section of the magnetic flux is not constant all along the magnetic circuit 12 because of the constraints of embodiment, the method according to the invention aims to choose for at least two constituent parts of the magnetic circuit 12, different materials having different saturation values for the magnetic polarization J so that the constituent elements of the magnetic circuit 12 reach the saturation value of the magnetic polarization for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the coil 16. In fact, The appearance of a saturated zone in a magnetic circuit degrades the overall performance of the electromagnetic actuator 11.

Le procédé de dimensionnement selon l'invention vise donc à combiner pour les pièces du circuit magnétique 12, leurs sections de passage du flux magnétique et leurs valeurs de saturation de la polarisation magnétique de manière que les pièces constitutives du circuit magnétique atteignent leur valeur de saturation de polarisation magnétique pour sensiblement la même valeur de courant circulant dans le bobinage 16. The sizing method according to the invention therefore aims to combine for the parts of the magnetic circuit 12, their passage sections of the magnetic flux and their saturation values of the magnetic polarization so that the constituent parts of the magnetic circuit reach their saturation value. of magnetic polarization for substantially the same current value flowing in the winding 16.

Dans ces conditions, la réalisation du circuit magnétique 12 avec des matériaux dont les valeurs de polarisation de saturation sont différentes alors que la section de passage du flux magnétique dans le circuit magnétique 12 est variable évite d'obtenir une saturation dans les zones du circuit magnétique 12 présentant une faible section de passage. L'objet de l'invention est donc de dimensionner les pièces du circuit magnétique 12 en termes de sections de passage et de valeurs de polarisation de saturation, de manière à ne pas obtenir de zones saturées pour le courant d'excitation dans le bobinage 16. Under these conditions, the realization of the magnetic circuit 12 with materials whose saturation polarization values are different while the passage section of the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit 12 is variable avoids saturation in the magnetic circuit zones 12 having a small passage section. The object of the invention is therefore to dimension the parts of the magnetic circuit 12 in terms of passage sections and saturation polarization values, so as not to obtain saturated areas for the excitation current in the winding 16 .

La Fig. 3 illustre différentes courbes de la polarisation magnétique J en fonction du champ magnétique H pour différents matériaux à savoir M1, M2, M3. Chaque courbe de polarisation magnétique J présente une plage de linéarité suivie par une plage de saturation. Ainsi, les matériaux M1, M2, M3 présentent respectivement des valeurs différentes de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique à savoir JsatM1, JsatM2 et JsatM3 avec JsatM1 supérieur à JsatM2 qui est supérieur à JsatM3 dans l'exemple illustré.The FIG. 3 illustrates different curves of the magnetic polarization J as a function of the magnetic field H for different materials namely M 1 , M 2 , M 3 . Each magnetic polarization curve J has a linearity range followed by a saturation range. Thus, the materials M 1 , M 2 , M 3 respectively exhibit different saturation values for the magnetic polarization, namely JsatM 1 , JsatM 2 and JsatM 3 with JsatM 1 greater than JsatM 2 which is greater than JsatM 3 in the example illustrated.

De manière arbitraire, il est estimé que les matériaux M1, M2, M3 correspondant à des matériaux respectivement haut de gamme, moyen de gamme et bas de gamme.Arbitrary manner, it is estimated that the materials M 1 , M 2 , M 3 corresponding to materials respectively high-end, mid-range and low-end.

Typiquement, un matériau haut de gamme M1 peut posséder une polarisation à saturation de 1,2 à 1,5 fois plus grande qu'un matériau standard M2. Par exemple, le matériau haut de gamme M1 peut être un alliage de Fer Cobalt (Jsat de 2,2 à 2,4 T). Le matériau standard M2 peut être un alliage Fer Silicium (Jsat de 1,75 T à 2 T). Le matériau bas de gamme M3 peut être un acier doux (Jsat = 1,1 T à 1,3 T).Typically, a high-end material M 1 may have a saturation polarization 1.2 to 1.5 times larger than a standard material M 2 . For example, the high end material M 1 may be an alloy of Cobalt Iron (Jsat from 2.2 to 2.4 T). The standard material M 2 may be an iron silicon alloy (Jsat of 1.75 T at 2 T). The low-end material M 3 can be mild steel (Jsat = 1.1 T to 1.3 T).

Il doit donc être considéré que le circuit magnétique 12 comporte au moins deux pièces ou deux parties de pièces présentant, d'une part des sections de passage de flux magnétique de valeurs différentes et d'autre part, des matériaux présentant des valeurs différentes de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique J. It must therefore be considered that the magnetic circuit 12 comprises at least two parts or two parts of parts having, on the one hand, magnetic flux passage sections of different values and, on the other hand, materials having different saturation values. for magnetic polarization J.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le procédé vise à réaliser au moins une partie du noyau 14 avec un matériau présentant une valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique J supérieure à la valeur de saturation pour la polarisation magnétique des autres matériaux constitutifs du circuit magnétique et en particulier des autres pièces du circuit magnétique.According to another characteristic of the invention, the method aims at producing at least part of the core 14 with a material having a value of saturation for the magnetic polarization J greater than the saturation value for the magnetic polarization of the other materials constituting the magnetic circuit and in particular the other parts of the magnetic circuit.

Selon une variante de réalisation, le noyau 14 est réalisé en alliage Fer Cobalt (M1) tandis que l'obturateur mobile 8 est réalisé en alliage Fer Silicium (M2). Selon une autre variante de réalisation, le noyau 14 est réalisé en alliage Fer Cobalt (M1) tandis que la chemise de rebouclage 18 est en alliage Fer Silicium (M2). Il est à noter que la réalisation de la chemise 18 en alliage Fer Silicium lui confère une résistance mécanique lui permettant de résister à l'effort de compression auquel est soumis l'actuateur électromagnétique pour des questions d'étanchéité. Selon cette dernière variante de réalisation, l'obturateur mobile 8 peut être réalisé en alliage Fer Cobalt (M1) ou en alliage Fer Silicium (M2). According to an alternative embodiment, the core 14 is made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) while the movable shutter 8 is made of iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ). According to another embodiment, the core 14 is made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) while the looping liner 18 is made of iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ). It should be noted that the realization of the liner 18 Iron Silicon alloy gives it a mechanical strength to resist the compressive force to which the electromagnetic actuator is subjected for sealing issues. According to this latter embodiment, the movable shutter 8 may be made of Cobalt Iron alloy (M 1 ) or iron-silicon alloy (M 2 ).

Selon une variante avantageuse de réalisation, il peut être prévu de réaliser le corps tubulaire 2 à base d'acier doux (M3) de manière que la chemise 18 soit moins sollicitée magnétiquement.According to an advantageous variant of embodiment, it may be provided to produce the tubular body 2 based on mild steel (M 3 ) so that the sleeve 18 is less magnetically stressed.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la Fig. 2 , l'ensemble du noyau 14 est réalisé en un matériau haut de gamme M1. Il est à noter qu'il peut être prévu de réaliser uniquement une partie du noyau 14 à l'aide d'un matériau haut de gamme M1. Ainsi, dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré à la Fig. 4 , la partie du noyau 14 placée en vis-à-vis de l'obturateur mobile 8 et entourée par le bobinage 16 est réalisée en un matériau haut de gamme M1 tandis qu'une partie 141 du noyau de raccordement avec la chemise 18 est réalisée en un matériau standard M2. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2 , the entire core 14 is made of a high-end material M 1 . It should be noted that it can be expected to perform only part of the core 14 with a high-end material M 1 . Thus, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. FIG. 4 , the part of the core 14 placed vis-à-vis the movable shutter 8 and surrounded by the coil 16 is made of a high-end material M 1 while a portion 14 1 of the connection core with the jacket 18 is made of a standard material M 2 .

Dans l'exemple illustré aux Fig. 2 et 4 , la chemise 18 est réalisée complètement en un seul matériau tel qu'un matériau standard M2. La Fig. 5 illustre une variante de réalisation dans laquelle seulement une partie de la chemise 18 est réalisée par un matériau standard M2 tandis qu'une autre partie 181 est réalisée par un matériau haut de gamme M1. Dans l'exemple illustré, la partie 181 de la chemise 18 réalisée par le matériau haut de gamme M1 est une partie située en relation de l'obturateur mobile 8. In the example shown in FIG. 2 and 4 , the liner 18 is made completely of a single material such as a standard material M 2 . The FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which only part of the liner 18 is made of a standard material M 2 while another part 18 1 is made of a high-end material M 1 . In the example shown, the portion 18 1 of the jacket 18 made by the high-end material M 1 is a part located in relation to the movable shutter 8.

Claims (10)

  1. A method for dimensioning a magnetic circuit (12) of an electromagnetic actuator (11) for controlling a movable cloture member (8) forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector for a heat engine, the magnetic circuit (12) being formed by various parts notably, the movable closure member (8) and a core (14) surrounded by a winding (16) in which flows an excitation current with which a magnetic induction may be created in the magnetic circuit, characterized in that it consists of selecting for at least two constitutive portions of the magnetic circuit (12), passage sections for the magnetic flux of different values and different materials having different saturation values for magnetic polarization (J) so that the constitutive elements of the magnetic circuit (12) reach their magnetic polarization (J) saturation value for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the winding (16).
  2. The dimensioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of making at least one portion of the core (14) with a material having a saturation value for magnetic polarization (J), greater than the saturation value for magnetic polarization (J) of the other materials of at least one portion of the constitutive parts of the magnetic circuit (12).
  3. An electromagnetic device for controlling a movable closure member (8) forming part of a fuel supply circuit of an injector (1) for a heat engine, the device including in a tubular body (2) delimiting a housing (9), an electromagnetic actuator (11) for the movable closure member (8) including a magnetic circuit (12) formed by various parts and notably the movable closure member (8) and a core (14) surrounded by a winding (16) in which flows an excitation current allowing magnetic induction to be generated in the magnetic circuit, wherein at least two portions of the magnetic circuit (12) have passage sections for the magnetic flux with different values characterized in that said at least two parts have materials (M1, M2, M3) having different saturation values (JsatM1, JsatM2, JsatM3) for magnetic polarization (J) so that the constitutive elements of the magnetic circuit (12) reach their magnetic polarization (J) saturation value, for substantially the same value of the current flowing in the winding.
  4. The electromagnetic device according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one portion of the core (14) is made in a material having a saturation value for magnetic polarization (J), greater than the saturation value for magnetic polarization (J) of the other materials at least partly forming the other constitutive parts of the magnetic circuit (12).
  5. The electromagnetic device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the magnetic circuit (12) also includes in combination with the core (14), a sleeve (18) for looping back the flux with the movable closure member (8).
  6. The electromagnetic device according to claim 5, characterized in that the loopback sleeve (18) is supportingly mounted inside the tubular body (2).
  7. The electromagnetic device according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one portion of the loop back sleeve (18) is made in a material having a saturation value for magnetic polarization (J), less than that of the constitutive material of the core (14) on the one hand and greater than that of the constitutive material of the tubular body (2) on the other hand.
  8. The electromagnetic device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that at least one portion of the core (14) is made in an iron cobalt alloy while at least one portion of the movable closure member (8) is made in an iron silicon alloy.
  9. The electromagnetic device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that at least one portion of the loop back sleeve (18) is made in an iron silicon alloy while at least one portion of the core (14) is made in an iron cobalt alloy.
  10. The electromagnetic device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the tubular body (2) is made in mild steel.
EP10801647.8A 2009-12-11 2010-12-09 Method for dimensioning a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a closure member for a heat engine injector, and electromagnetic device Active EP2510527B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0958892A FR2953978B1 (en) 2009-12-11 2009-12-11 METHOD FOR DIMENSIONING A MAGNETIC CIRCUIT OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR CONTROLLING A SHUTTER FOR A THERMAL MOTOR INJECTOR AND ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE
PCT/FR2010/052662 WO2011070303A1 (en) 2009-12-11 2010-12-09 Method for dimensioning a magnetic circuit of an electromagnetic actuator for controlling a closure member for a heat engine injector, and electromagnetic device

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EP2510527A1 EP2510527A1 (en) 2012-10-17
EP2510527B1 true EP2510527B1 (en) 2014-02-12

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FR2990998B1 (en) * 2012-05-23 2016-02-26 Continental Automotive France METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE PIEZOELECTRIC FUEL INJECTOR ACTUATOR OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
US9502167B1 (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-11-22 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation High temperature electromagnetic actuator

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US20060238284A1 (en) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-26 Dimig Steven J Residual magnetic devices and methods
US8305176B2 (en) 2007-09-26 2012-11-06 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Electromagnetic actuator

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WO2011070303A1 (en) 2011-06-16
FR2953978B1 (en) 2013-02-08
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CN102754170A (en) 2012-10-24
FR2953978A1 (en) 2011-06-17
KR20120123045A (en) 2012-11-07

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