EP2506742A1 - Revêtement de plancher stratifié - Google Patents

Revêtement de plancher stratifié

Info

Publication number
EP2506742A1
EP2506742A1 EP10834099A EP10834099A EP2506742A1 EP 2506742 A1 EP2506742 A1 EP 2506742A1 EP 10834099 A EP10834099 A EP 10834099A EP 10834099 A EP10834099 A EP 10834099A EP 2506742 A1 EP2506742 A1 EP 2506742A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
polymer
polyhexamethylene sebacamide
primary backing
biobased
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10834099A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2506742A4 (fr
EP2506742B1 (fr
EP2506742B8 (fr
Inventor
Zulfiqar Anwar Khan
Michael Lindsay Boyd
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Interface Australia Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Interface Australia Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2009905911A external-priority patent/AU2009905911A0/en
Application filed by Interface Australia Pty Ltd filed Critical Interface Australia Pty Ltd
Publication of EP2506742A1 publication Critical patent/EP2506742A1/fr
Publication of EP2506742A4 publication Critical patent/EP2506742A4/fr
Publication of EP2506742B1 publication Critical patent/EP2506742B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2506742B8 publication Critical patent/EP2506742B8/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
    • D05C17/02—Tufted products
    • D05C17/023—Tufted products characterised by the base fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0065—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by the pile
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0071—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by their backing, e.g. pre-coat, back coating, secondary backing, cushion backing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • D06N2201/0263—Polyamide fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laminated floor covering such as a carpet or carpet tile and to a method for making the laminated floor covering.
  • Carpets such as free-lay carpet or backed carpet tiles are typically prepared as either a tufted or a fusion bonded carpet material having a wear fibrous or pile surface from which pile yams upwardly project.
  • Carpet tiles differ from the production of ordinary tufted or other fibrous-faced carpets because there is no requirement on a typical carpet for a heavy backing layer.
  • a rigid stabilized mass of a thermoplastic backing layer is required in order to hold down the carpet tile so that it can function as a free-lay carpet tile.
  • the backing layer has a high filler content (e.g., limestone) and is employed with various scrim materials such as glass fibres, polyester or a combinations thereof, to impart dimensional stability.
  • the thermoplastic backing layer is one or more polyvinyl chloride layers.
  • a tufted carpet tile generally comprises a primary backing base sheet material such as polyester or polypropylene having a plurality of tufted yams such as Nylon® through the primary backing to form a wear surface of loop or cut pile (carpet pile).
  • the primary backing is used to tuft the carpet yam into and to provide the required top cloth of the product.
  • a precoat of a latex type material such as EVA (polyethylene vinyl acetate) or carboxylated styrene- butadiene-styrene may be applied on the back (underside) surface to bond the yam to the primary backing and to aid in the securing of the primary backing to the backing layer.
  • the backing layer may be comprised of a first PVC layer, a fiberglass layer and a second PVC layer (reback layer) - the first layer of PVC bonding the primary backing to the fiberglass layer, the fiberglass layer ensuring dimensional stability of the carpet tile and the second layer of PVC gluing the layers above it and providing the final backing of the carpet tile.
  • the PVC layer is replaced with a bitumen layer.
  • Fusion-bonded carpet generally has a similar backing to tufted carpet except that the fusion- bonded carpet has a plurality of cut pile yams of nylon or other suitable fibrous material implanted in an adhesive layer, particularly thermoplastic such as PVC or hot-melt adhesive, which may be further laminated to a reinforcement or substrate layer of a woven or non-woven material such as fibreglass, Nylon®, polypropylene or polyester.
  • the plurality of fibrous yams are bonded to and extend generally upright from the adhesive base layer to form the wear surface.
  • the above constructions suffer from the disadvantages that the carpet and carpet tiles are made from environmentally unfriendly materials.
  • Nylon® use in the fibrous or pile surface is made from oil and is a non-renewable resource.
  • ilamenf or “filaments” means strands of extreme or indefinite length.
  • yam means a collection of numerous filaments which may or may not be entangled, twisted or laid together.
  • texturing means any operation of filaments which results in crimping, looping or otherwise modifying such filaments to increase cover, resilience, bulk or to provide a different surface texture or hand. It follows that a “bulked continuous filament” is a filament which has been subjected to one or more “texturing” operation(s). By “biobased” is meant that the relevant material is made from substances derived from living matter.
  • a biobased fibre is herein defined as a fibre comprised of a polymer, or a blend or alloy of two or more polymers, in which one or more of said polymers has as at least one of the components making up the macromolecule thereof a substance ultimately derived wholly or partially from a biological, renewable, source.
  • a biological, renewable, source may, for example, be a plant, or part of said plant such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers or seeds.
  • a floor covering including a primary backing layer having a fibrous face and an underside, wherein the fibrous face is formed from a bulked continuous filament yam comprising a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer.
  • the yam comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer.
  • a floor covering comprising:
  • a primary backing having a fibrous face and an underside, wherein the fibrous face is formed from a bulked continuous filament yam comprising a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer;
  • a cured precoat layer on the underside of the primary backing and a backing layer fixed to the primary backing.
  • a method of making a floor covering comprising:
  • the yarn comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer ;
  • precoating the underside of the primary backing layer by applying a precoating composition, applying a backing layer to the precoated primary backing layer, and
  • a method of making a floor covering comprising:
  • thermoplastic resin plastisol on a support surface
  • thermoplastic resin plastisol optionally applying a second layer of a thermoplastic resin plastisol onto the gelled surface of the first layer
  • the yarn comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer,
  • thermoplastic resin plastisol optionally coating a thermoplastic resin plastisol over the precoat layer
  • the present invention relates to a floor covering including a primary backing layer having a fibrous face and an underside, wherein the fibrous face is formed from a bulked continuous filament yam comprising a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of making a floor covering comprising tufting or implanting a bulked continuous filament yam into a primary backing material, wherein the yam comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer.
  • a floor covering comprising:
  • a primary backing having a fibrous face and an underside, wherein the fibrous face is formed from a bulked continuous filament yam comprising a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer;
  • tufting or implanting a bulked continuous filament yam into a primary backing wherein the yam comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer ;
  • precoating the underside of the primary backing layer by applying a precoating composition, applying a backing layer to the precoated primary backing layer, and
  • thermoplastic resin plastisoi on a support surface
  • the yarn comprises a plurality of continuous filaments formed from a multi-component fibre comprising a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer,
  • thermoplastic resin plastisol optionally coating a thermoplastic resin plastisol over the precoat layer
  • the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer is suitably Ultramid Balance 6,10 available from BASF. This material is a polyamide 6,10 based on over 60% on sebacic acid derived from castor oil, which is itself a renewable resource obtained from the seeds of Ricinus Communis. Suitably the polymer is 63% biobased.
  • the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer is blended with up to 80wt% of at least one polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer. Suitable polymers for blending with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer include, but are not limited to nylon 6,6 or nylon 6,12.
  • the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide bulked continuous filament (BCF) yarn may be prepared by melt-spinning a polymer melt containing polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer or a blend of a biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer together with up to 80wt% of at least one other polymer compatible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide polymer to form at least one filament, passing the at least one filament to a drawing stage where the filament is drawn and lengthened, followed by texturing.
  • the process is conducted continuously. In another embodiment, the process is conducted as independent sequential operations.
  • the polymer melt may have a colourant dispersed therein prior to spinning, the colourant selected from at least one pigment and/or polymer soluble dyestuff.
  • the resulting spun filaments, drawn filaments or bulked continuous yarn may be dyed.
  • the at least one dispersed colourant may be any suitable pigment and may be chosen from organic and/or inorganic classes.
  • the pigment is at least one pigment chosen from among: quinacridone magenta PR202, perylene red PR178, iron oxide red PR101, zinc iron yellow PY119, nickel azo yellow PY150, phthalocyanine green PG7, phthalocyanine blue PB15 , titanium dioxide PW6 and carbon black PBIk7.
  • the range of colourant to be added is typically bounded by a functional minimum below which appearance or lightfastness is unsuitable or a functional maximum at which chromatic saturation is achieved. While different for each of the aforenamed inorganic and organic colourants, a typical minimum of 0.05wt% and a typical maximum of 2.5wt% may be encountered.
  • the polymer melt includes at least one stabiliser.
  • the stabiliser may be any suitable stabiliser.
  • the stabiliser is a mixture of cuprous iodide, potassium iodide and potassium bromide or other suitable stabiliser.
  • Other suitable stabilisers included members of the benzatriazole or hindered amine families.
  • cuprous cation may be included in a range between 10 and 100 ppm.
  • halide anion may be included in the range between 100 and 5000 ppm.
  • benzatriazole or hindered amines may be included in the range of 0.1 to 2.0wt%.
  • additives which may be added to the polymeric melt include, but are not limited to, one or more of antistatics, antioxidants, antimicrobials, flameproofing agents, delustering agents, and lubricants.
  • any or all of the above colourants, stabilisers and additives may be incorporated into the polymer melt by direct metering. Any or all of the above colourants, stabilisers and additives may be incorporated into the polymer melt in the form of a masterbatch, which term is well know to those skilled in the art.
  • the carrier resin for use in the masterbatch is preferably the same polymer as that forming the continuous filaments but may also be any fibre-forming polymer fully miscible with the biobased polyhexamethylene sebacamide. Resins such as functionally modified polyesters and functionally modified or unmodified polyamides such as Nylon 6,6 and Nylon 6, 12 may also be used as carrier resin.
  • the colourants and/or stabilisers and/or additives are compounded into the carrier so that they are suitably dispersed.
  • the colourants and/or stabilisers and/or additives and the prepared masterbatch are suitably dried to a moisture content of less than 0.2wt%.
  • the speed and temperature of the process is suitably chosen to optimise the physical properties of the formed fibre whilst maximising throughput economics.
  • the spin speed of the polymeric melt is about 400 m/min - 1500 m/min, for example about 1100m/min.
  • an extruder supplies molten polymeric material to a spinning head, the spinning head including spinnerettes having multiple small orifices through which the molten polymer material is. extruded to form filaments which are then suitably passed to a quench chamber where a quench gas (such as air, steam or an inert gas such as nitrogen) is provided to cool and solidify the filaments.
  • a quench gas such as air, steam or an inert gas such as nitrogen
  • the quench gas is directed at the filament in a direction perpendicular to the filament travel.
  • the filaments are converged into a multifilament yam prior to passing the yam through the drawing stage.
  • drawing is either over a contact point or around a roll.
  • typically drawing is conducted on separated pairs of godet rolls or pairs (duos) operating at different rotational speeds.
  • the filament(s) are drawn between the rolls at a desired draw ratio dependent on the speed differential, yam temperature and yam speed.
  • the rolls are suitably heated to the same or similar temperature to elevate the filament temperature prior to texturing.
  • the fibre is subjected to orientation through drawing and by allowing for crystalline growth and morphological alignment for example by allowing the fibre to dwell in repetitive transitory residence across at least one roller which may anisotropically orient the molecules in the filament thereby improving lateral strength.
  • the draw ratio is 2:1 to 4:1, more preferably the draw ratio is approximately 3 or below.
  • the filament is passed into the drawing stage at a speed of 1500 m/min or less, exiting at the described multiple speed thereof, whereby texturing may be practically accomplished.
  • the texturing is conducted by means of a fluid jet texturing unit and the filament is fed into the unit at a rate faster than the rate at which the textured yam is drawn off.
  • the texturing is conducted by means of mechanical crimping.
  • the texturing increases the bulk of the fibre.
  • the texturing imparted is suitably sufficient to induce dry heat shrinkage in excess of the linear shrinkage solely induced by orientation. Following texturing the yam may be allowed to equilibrate naturally or in an accelerated manner by applying a moist heat environment.
  • yam is brought into contact with a finish applicator whereby a liquid finish is applied as desired.
  • the finish may be applied at a single point or in multiple stages. .
  • the textured or textured and finished yam may be suitably combined with other yams of the same or different type to form larger assemblies through air entanglement of multiple colours (such as on a Gilbos unit or one of suitable design) or through cable twisting, air twisting or braiding to form a finished yam of the required design and aesthetic requirements.
  • the textured or textured and finished yam may then be wound onto a package.
  • the above process steps may be conducted in a continuous sequence or may be conducted separately. Preferably the process steps are conducted in an uninterrupted sequence.
  • each yam will have a denier of 15 to 21, a tenacity of 2.5 to 3.5 grams/denier and an elongation to break of greater than 30%. Denier is defined as the number of grams in 9,000 m length.
  • the primary backing may be a tufted fibrous layer or a fusion bonded material.
  • a tufted fibrous layer When a tufted fibrous layer is used, it may be prepared by feeding the primary backing material to a conventional tufting machine which tufts fibres through interstices in the material. Tufting is typically performed such the resulting tufts protrude from the underside face with back stitches which hold the tufts in place on the topside of the material during processing
  • the primary backing is suitably formed from a woven or non-woven synthetic or non- synthetic fibre.
  • a thermoplastic backing such as a woven polypropylene backing or a non- woven polyester, with a fibrous face or wear surface such as a tufted face, and a fibrous back surface, such as a loop or tufted surface where the carpet tile is tufted is used.
  • a polyester such as Lutradur® is preferably used when making a PVC backed floor covering because it does not suffer too much from shrinkage due to heat during the gelling process thus minimizing the risk of tile uplift due to not enough drape.
  • suitable backings include Nylon®, fibreglass, cotton, jute, rayon, paper, natural or synthetic rubbers, sponge or foam rubbers, polychloroprene, acry!onitrile- butadiene copolymers, ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers, petroleum resin, vinyl polymers (such as polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, copolymers or mixtures thereof), polybutene resin, polyisobutene-butadiene resins and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
  • the yam may be used together with other fibrous materials and yarns employed in the floor coverings.
  • fibrous materials and yarns may include synthetic, natural or a combination of synthetic and natural fibre, such as but not limited to other polyamides like nylon, olefins like polypropylene, wool and wool blends, cotton, acrylic, acrylic-nylon blends, polyester yarns and combinations and blends thereof.
  • the yams fibrous materials may be used to form face or back yarn with the primary backing.
  • the fibrous material and yams employed in the carpet tile are implanted into a material such as PVC or a hot melt adhesive which may be laminated to a substrate such as a woven or nonwoven material such as fibreglass, Nylon®, polypropylene or polyester.
  • the primary backing layer may be precoated with Latex or with another suitable precoating composition of the invention prior to applying a backing layer. Typically the precoat is applied to cover the loop backs and to lock in the loops.
  • the latex may be an EVA latex or another vinyl polymer or acrylic-like polymer latex.
  • the latex may be a copolymer of. acrylic and methacrylic acid and alkyl acrylates and esters (such as ethyl acrylate or methyl acrylate), acrylic-styrene copolymers, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers, and combinations thereof.
  • the latex is non-halogenated.
  • Suitable latex materials which can be use include other vinyl, short-chain carboxylic acid copolymers, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-butadiene, carboxylated styrene-butadiene, carboxylated styrene-butadiene-styrene.
  • Urethane, PVC, acrylics or vinylidine chloride may also be used.
  • the precoating composition/latex may further comprise a thickener, an antibacterial, a fire retardant and/or a surfactant.
  • a suitable antibacterial is zinc omadine - zinc2-pyridinethiol-1 -oxide.
  • a suitable fire retardant is aluminium hydroxide.
  • a suitable surfactant is sodium lauryl sulphate.
  • a precoating composition comprising: at least one copolymer derived from an acrylic or methacrylic monomer and a styrenic monomer; at least one copolymer derived from an acrylic ester and a methacrylic ester; at least one thickener; and water.
  • the copolymer derived from an acrylic or methacrylic monomer and a styrenic monomer is suitably an acrylate/styrene copolymer dispersion such as that supplied by BASF Corporation as Acronal® S 728 ha.
  • Acronal® S 728 na is a butyl acrylate/styrene copolymer dispersion and contains water in an amount of 49 to 51%w w and a proprietory copolymer in an amount of about 49 to 51%w/w.
  • the dispersion has a flash point greater than 300°F (149°C), a milky white with a faint ester-like odour, a pH of about 6.5 to 7.5, a boiling point of 212°C (760mmHg), a vapour pressure of 23 mbar (20°C), a relative density of 1.04 (20°C), a viscosity of 200 to 700m Pa.s and is miscible in water.
  • the copolymer Prior to addition to the precoating composition, the copolymer is suitably diluted to 25% solids with water. As indicated above the precoating composition may also contain a copolymer derived from an acrylic ester and a methacrylic ester. This copolymer facilitates the acrylic styrene sticking to thermoplastic materials such as PVC suitably used in the manufacture of the floor coverings.
  • a suitable polymer is Acronal® AX 8281 AP available from BASF Aktiengesellschaft.
  • This dispersion is white in colour with faint odour and a pH value of 7 to 8, a density of about 1.02 g cm 3 at 20°C, a dynamic viscosity of 300 to 1500mPa.s (23°C) and a solids content of 48.5 to 51.5%.
  • the polymeric dispersion is miscible in water.
  • This acrylic addition raises the glass temperature in the aqueous solution. If used alone this acrylic resin is very brittle. Inclusion together with the acrylate/styrene copolymer allows the composition to stick lock to the backing layer.
  • Suitably about 20% dry weight of Acronal® is added (16% volume).
  • the precoating composition suitably contains a thickener.
  • the thickener is a thickener suitable for polymer dispersions, for example, an acrylic copolymer containing carboxyl groups.
  • a suitable thickener is Latekol D D available from BASF Aktiengesellschaft and is a low-viscosity, milky white anionic dispersion. Latekoll® D has a solids content (IS0 1625) of about 25 ⁇ 1 %, a pH value of 2.3 to 3.3, a viscosity at 23°C, shear rate 250 s 1 of 2-10mPa.s and a density at 20°C of about 1.05g cm 3 .
  • the thickener helps to prevent the precoating composition from wicking down holes in the primary backing layer.
  • the thickener is suitably pre-diluted with water to form a homogeneous solution prior to the addition to the resins.
  • the precoating composition described above can be prepared by first mixing the copolymer derived from an acrylic or methacrylic monomer and a styrenic monomer and the copolymer derived from an acrylic ester and a methacrylic ester followed by addition of the thickener which has been pre-diluted with water, followed by addition of additional water.
  • About 20% (of the dry weight of S728) of the AX8281 Acronal® is suitably added to the Acronal® S728 and suitably 1 to 2wt% (up to 5%) of thickener added. It is important not to add too much thickener as strike through of the primary backing may occur. It is also important not add thickener to the base material followed by addition of water as the composition may overthicken locally.
  • the amount of AX8281 can range from 10% of the dry weight of S728 up to 40%, for example 20 to 35%.
  • the antibacterial, fire retardant and surfactant may be added at the end of the mixing cycle after the addition of water and thickener.
  • the latex/precoating composition can be applied to the primary backing by roller coating, spraying or by foaming.
  • the amount of latex/precoating used for a 850g/m 2 carpet can be up to
  • the latex/precoating composition serves to lock in the fibre on the back of the primary, such as a tufted back layer and acts as a barrier, separating the fibrous carpet from the underlying backing.
  • the pre-coating is suitably heated to drive off sufficient water to provide a solid barrier and to allow for possible cross-linking.
  • the precoafing layer has a thickness which is typically quite thin.
  • the thickness is about 0.005mm to 0.1mm when dry.
  • the thickness is suitably controlled by the use of spray nozzles and spray pressure.
  • the precoating layer is suitably placed directly on and against the back surface of the loop or fibre containing primary backing and is applied in an amount to cover completely the loop backs and to lock in loops so that no mountains or valleys are evident.
  • the copolymers are cured and crosslinked.
  • the resulting precoated product is very flexible.
  • the floor covering may include a backing layer which imparts stability and free-laying properties to the floor covering.
  • shear the carpet fibres Prior to applying the backing layer, it is possible to shear the carpet fibres if desired. Shearing is performed to cut the closed loop, tufted yam on the face surface and to provide for the cut, tufted yam to have the same general height as the height of the face wear surface fibres.
  • the backing layer may be formed from one or more layers of a thermoplastic polymer or other suitable backing material such as described above for the primary backing.
  • the thermoplastic is a vinyl halide.
  • a suitably vinyl halide is PVC (polyviny!chloride).
  • Other suitable backings include bitumen, atactic polypropylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethanes, PVC/Latex, Bitumen backed latex and polyurethane, polyamines, jute, urethane, polyvinylidine chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, natural or synthetic rubber, polychloroprene.
  • the backing layer may be in the form of a foam, sponge or solid. When in the form of a foam, the backing layer adds resilience and/or stability.
  • the backing layer can have a range of properties depending on the nature of polymers, plasticizers, stabilizers and fillers used.
  • the backing is formed from a composition including a filler and a plasticizer together with a thermoplastic polymer such as PVC.
  • a thermoplastic polymer such as PVC.
  • a thermoplastic resin comprising: a thermoplastic resin; a plasticizer which is a mixture of an epoxidized soybean oil with an acetic acid ester of castor oil, and a filler.
  • a composition for preparing a floor covering comprising: a thermoplastic resin; at least one plasticizer; and recycled glass.
  • the filler may be limestone or recycled glass or a combination of both recycled glass and limestone in any ratio of both.
  • the filler is recycled glass.
  • the glass that may be used has a specific gravity of 2.0 to 2.5 and limestone a specific gravity of 2.7, less volume of glass is required than that of limestone. For example for 1357 kg of PVC paste, about 825kg of limestone filler is required whereas only 611 kg of recycled glass is required.
  • the recycled glass fibres suitably have a particle size smaller than sand grains and are prepared by use of a ball mill so that they are round glass particles. They are typically an inert byproduct (consumer waste) and do not absorb any of the plasticizer oil whereas limestone when used may absorb about 17wt% plasticizer oil.
  • the recycled glass may be Enviro-glass available from Recycled Glass Mediums Australia Pty Ltd of 95 Wisemans Ferry Road Somersby NSW 2250, Australia and available in particle size ranges less than 0.106mm up to 10mm, for example 2.5mm to 1.5mm, 1.5mm to 0.75mm, 0.75mm to 0.3mm and 0.3mm to 0.106mm.
  • a 300 ⁇ or less fine is used with preference for a fine having a majority of particles of less than 200 microns.
  • the product may be crushed glass - colourless, blue, mixed amber, mixed green, may be odourless, inorganic solid, ground and graded glass having a melting point above 800°C, a specific gravity of about 2.5 (this value is generic, the measured specific gravity of the product may be 2) and is typically insoluble in water.
  • the recycled glass may contain soda lime silica glass of the following chemical composition: Na z O + KzO + Li 2 0 12-15%
  • About 40 to 70wt% of the recycled glass may be used with respect to the total mix of plastisol. Suitably 50 to 61wt% is used.
  • the plasticizer may be a standard phthalate plasticizer such as DINP, DEHP, DOP, PEG 100, or PEG 200
  • a particularly preferred plasticizer is the combination of epoxide soy bean oil and a castor oil derivative.
  • epoxide soy bean oil winters (i.e. at low temperatures the oil solidifies), it is difficult to get the required viscosity and consequently when used alone, suffers from plastic migration.
  • Epoxide soy bean oil also does not have a long shelf life.
  • the castor oil derivative results in good viscosity and avoids uptake and migration of the soy bean oil.
  • a suitable composition includes 30% castor oil and 70% soybean oil.
  • a suitable range of plasticizer is 40 to 20wt% castor oil and 60 to 80wt% soybean oil.
  • a viscosity modifier such as an alcohol may be present as required to lower viscosity.
  • a suitable viscosity modifier is ethanol. In one embodiment 5 to 10wt% ethanol may be present.
  • the combination of epoxidised soy bean oil and a castor oil derivative acts synergistically.
  • the combination is mixed at room temperature.
  • a suitable soy bean plasticizer is an epoxidised soya bean oil such as Lankroflex E2307 (ESBO) AG available from Swift and Company Limited, 372 Wellington Road, Mulgrave, Victoria 3170, Australia.
  • Lankroflex E2307 is a low odour epoxy plasticizer containing pure epoxidised soya bean oil and having an oxirane oxygen content of 6.6% min, an iodine value of 2.5 max, a viscosity (30°C) of 350 c-Poise max., an acid value of 0.4 KOH mg/g max., a moisture content of 0.1% max., a specific gravity (25°C) of 0.992 ⁇ 0.01, a refractive index (25°C) of 1.470 ⁇ 0.002 and a colour - 120 APHA max.
  • Lankroflex E2307 is a low odour epoxy plasticizer containing pure epoxidised soya bean oil and having an oxirane oxygen content of 6.6% min, an
  • Lankroflex E2307 is a clear, yellow, oily liquid having a faint fatty odour and is a liquid at normal temperatures.
  • the product has a boiling point above 200°C at 100kPa and a flashpoint of about 314°C, a specific gravity of 0.99 at 25°C, insoluble in water and a viscosity of 350 centipoise at 25°C.
  • the castor oil derivative is suitably an acetic acid ester of monoglycerides made from fully hydrogenated castor oil such as Grindsted® Soft-n-Safe/C available from Danisco Emulsifiers.
  • the product has a degree of acetylation of about 0.9, an iodine value of 4 max, an acid value of 3 max, a saponification value of about 435 and is in the form of a clear liquid.
  • the product contains octadecanoic acid, 12-(acetyloxy), bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester (about 85%) and octadecanoic acid, 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester (about 10%).
  • the product is a liquid at room temperature and is insoluble in water, decomposes above 300°C, and has a flash point above 100°C, a neutral odour, a density of 1.0030 g/ml at 20°C and a vapour pressure of 1.05 x 10" 4 Torr at 123.6°C.
  • a preferred backing layer is formed from a composition comprising recycled glass and the soy bean oil/castor oil combination. This result is a more renewable and less fossil based product. In such a combination the composition may include up to about 60% thermoplastic (fossil origin) Optional additives and layers
  • the primary backing and backing layer or latex/precoating composition may include any one or more of flame or fire retardants, inert fillers such as limestone or barytes, calcium oxide, carbon- black, antibacterials, surfactants, defoamers, thickeners, dispersing agents, elastomers, antioxidants, colourants, hardeners, plasticizers, UV/heat stabilizers, viscosity modifiers, cross- linking agents and/or tackifiers.
  • inert fillers such as limestone or barytes, calcium oxide, carbon- black, antibacterials, surfactants, defoamers, thickeners, dispersing agents, elastomers, antioxidants, colourants, hardeners, plasticizers, UV/heat stabilizers, viscosity modifiers, cross- linking agents and/or tackifiers.
  • thermoplastic resin provides the required flexibility, durability and hardness.
  • a heat stabilizer stabilizes the thermoplastic and prevents thermal decomposition
  • a UV stabilizer stabilizes the thermoplastic preventing decomposition as a result of exposure to UV light
  • calcium oxide ensures any moisture is removed from the mixing process
  • calcium carbonate (limestone) acts as filler, increasing the volume of the thermoplastic compound mix at reduced cost and a viscosity modifier maintains viscosity to ensure that the mix remains well mixed and in suspension (slowing the dropping out of solids).
  • the floor covering may include one or more woven or non-woven layers of glass, fibreglass, polyester, Nylon® or polypropylene such as tissue, mesh or fleece or scrim sheet materials or a combination thereof in the primary backing and backing layer.
  • the scrim material may be employed adjacent to the primary backing or closely adjacent thereto.
  • Glass fibre or tissue materials may be employed within the thermoplastic backing layer to impart dimensional stability and improve laying properties of the carpet tile.
  • Cushion layers for example, formed of foam may also be included.
  • the underside of the backing layer may be provided with an adhesive with a strippable protective layer attached thereto, where, in use the protective layer is stripped off and the floor covering applied to the floor surface or applied with a pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the floor covering may be prepared in any suitable manner.
  • a layer of thermoplastic may be applied/cast in a defined thickness onto the underside of the primary backing layer as a wet plastisol.
  • the coated material is leveled with a doctor blade which levels and smooths the thermoplastic layer and forces the thermoplastic layer into engagement with any glass scrim and the primary backing.
  • the backing layer may be preformed on a releasable support such as a fluorocarbon, glass fibre endless belt, Teflon® coated fibreglass belt or stainless steel support sheet through casting.
  • a releasable support such as a fluorocarbon, glass fibre endless belt, Teflon® coated fibreglass belt or stainless steel support sheet through casting.
  • the precoated primary backing layer is then laid into the liquid backing layer.
  • the carpet is suitably heated to fuse/gel and cure the thermoplastic, cooled and optionally cut into carpet tile sections. Heating may be by use of a heater, radiant panels or heating elements. The heating cures the thermoplastic material and for a tufted carpet, thereby locks back stitches in place, the primary backing is thereby bonded to the backing layer by fibres of the primary backing being embedded in the backing layer.
  • the carpet tile may be heated to a curing temperature within the range of 50°C to 170°C, for example 90°C to 160°C, 100°C to 150°C or 140°C to 150°C.
  • the plasticizer melts and begins diffusing into particles at 50°C, gelation begins at about 50°C and continues to about 130°C, at which point the particles swell, between 130°C and 170°C the gelation stage ends. At 91 °C the polymer flows into a continuous mass.
  • a suitable apparatus for finishing the carpet tile may be an apparatus including a heater having a chamber to operate at a desired temperature and through which the primary backing and backing layers pass to be heated to provide for plastic deformation of the backing layer, a pair of press rollers to which the primary backing, backing and any additional cushion layers are delivered, after the primary and backing layers have been heated by the heater, to apply a force thereto to cause the layers to bond, and a controller operatively associated with the heater, the controller being configured to maintain the temperature within the chamber to provide for heating of the backing layer so that the backing layer is relatively deformed by the rollers to bond the layers.
  • the carpet may be passed under an embossing roller which embosses the back of the carpet with indentations, corrugations or the like to form a friction- increasing surface (resisting movement and maintaining position when placed in situ) and assists in consolidating the layers into a unitary product.
  • the consolidated carpet material may then be severed by suitable cutting means into appropriate length sections (for example into squares).
  • the laminated construction may be cooled for example to about 105°C to allow removal of the construction from the support.
  • the construction may then be passed through a heater and raised to about 100°C prior to being engaged by an embossing roller that embosses the thermoplastic layer.
  • the backing layer is formed of a layer of thermoplastic such as PVC, a fibreglass scrim and a second thermoplastic layer such as PVC.
  • the first layer of thermoplastic bonds the primary backing to the fibreglass layer, the thickness of the layer suitably being controlled by a doctor blade.
  • the fibreglass layer is to ensure dimensional stability of the carpet tile.
  • the second layer of thermoplastic glues the layers above it and provides the final backing of the carpet tile. The thickness of this layer is also suitably controlled by a doctor blade.
  • the backing layer may be applied to the primary backing in a continuous fashion to produce an indeterminate length of material which may be subsequently cut as desired to form the carpet tile.
  • each layer may vary depending on whether a solid layer or foam layer is used.
  • the first PVC layer range is dependant on the weight of the PVC backing i.e., 2.64kg/m 2 would be two layers of 0.88mm, 2kg/m 2 would be two layers at 0.67mm, while 1.5kg/m 2 would be two layers at 0.5mm.
  • the overall carpet thickness may suitably be between about 4 and 12 mm, for example about 6mm without foam backing and about 10mm with foam backing.
  • the resulting floor covering is suitable for use as a floor covering in home and/or commercial use.
  • Pressure Sensitive adhesives may be required for installation and where floor tiles are prepared, the floor tiles can be replaced or rotated as desired.
  • the floor covering has dimensional stability with substantially no curling, slipping, buckling, stretching or shrinkage and a low smoke emission.
  • the floor covering is also stain resistant having a stain factor of 5 compared to previous nylons which have a stain factor of 2.
  • Ultramid Balance® biobased nylon 6,10 resin available from BASF was dried, melt spun, drawn and air-jet textured to produce bulked continuous filament yams of 1000 denier containing 60 filaments of tri-lobe cross-section.
  • Four coloured yams were produced via the addition during the melt spinning stage of formulated masterbatches containing various pigments. The four colours were dark brown (“Raisin”), light grey (“Hawk Grey”), medium grey (“Elephant”) and dark grey (“Seal”).
  • the spin speed was 1100 m/ min with a draw ratio of about 2.7:1.
  • Finish oil was applied to the yam during the spinning stage to give about 0.45%wt finish on yarn.
  • the tenacities and elongations to break of the four yams produced were as follows:
  • a yam comprising 90% wt of the 6,10 resin used in Example 1 and 10% of a nylon 6,6 resin with a sulfuric acid relative solution viscosity of 3.1 was produced using a similar process to Example 1.
  • the nylon 6,10 and the nylon 6,6 were melt blended during the melt spinning stage.
  • the bulked continuous yarn produced had a denier of 600 and consisted of 30 filaments of a tri-lobe cross- section.
  • carpet Tiles were prepared using the yams prepared in Example 1 and 2 .
  • the resulting carpet tiles were found to pass the following property tests: Colourfastness, Tuflock, Lisson, Castor Chair, Dimensional Stability, Hexapod and Critical Heat Flux.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à divers revêtements de plancher et à des procédés de fabrication de ces derniers. Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un revêtement de plancher comprenant une couche de support principale ayant une face fibreuse et une sous-couche, la face fibreuse étant formée à partir d'un fil de filament continu gonflant comprenant une pluralité de filaments continus formés à partir d'un polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique ou d'un mélange d'un polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique avec une teneur allant jusqu'à 80 % en poids d'au moins un autre polymère qui est compatible avec le polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique. La présente invention se rapporte également à un procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement de plancher consistant à : touffeter ou implanter un fil de filament continu gonflant dans un matériau de support principal, le fil comprenant une pluralité de filaments continus formés à partir d'une fibre multicomposant comprenant un polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique ou un mélange d'un polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique avec une teneur allant jusqu'à 80 % en poids d'au moins un autre polymère qui est compatible avec le polymère de polyhexaméthylènesébacamide à base biologique.
EP10834099.3A 2009-12-03 2010-12-02 Procédé de fabrication d'un revêtement de sol Not-in-force EP2506742B8 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2009905911A AU2009905911A0 (en) 2009-12-03 A laminated floor covering
PCT/AU2010/001631 WO2011066619A1 (fr) 2009-12-03 2010-12-02 Revêtement de plancher stratifié

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EP2506742A1 true EP2506742A1 (fr) 2012-10-10
EP2506742A4 EP2506742A4 (fr) 2014-01-08
EP2506742B1 EP2506742B1 (fr) 2015-03-04
EP2506742B8 EP2506742B8 (fr) 2015-04-08

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JP (1) JP2013512052A (fr)
CN (1) CN102770051B (fr)
AU (1) AU2010327319B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2536113T3 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ600299A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011066619A1 (fr)

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NL2007709C2 (en) * 2011-11-03 2013-05-07 Desso B V Carpet with a high light reflectance value and method of producing such carpet.
DE202012103846U1 (de) 2012-10-08 2012-10-25 Heimbach Gmbh & Co. Kg Papiermaschinenband
CN105167540A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-12-23 诺奥(福建)环保家居用品有限公司 一种簇绒印花展览毯及其加工方法
NL2017096B1 (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-10 Interface European Mfg B V Bio-based carpet backing
US11851813B2 (en) 2019-01-09 2023-12-26 Interface, Inc. Surface coverings including carbon sequestering materials and methods of making

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Also Published As

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WO2011066619A1 (fr) 2011-06-09
CN102770051A (zh) 2012-11-07
EP2506742A4 (fr) 2014-01-08
CN102770051B (zh) 2014-12-17
NZ600299A (en) 2014-03-28
AU2010327319A1 (en) 2012-06-21
ES2536113T3 (es) 2015-05-20
JP2013512052A (ja) 2013-04-11
EP2506742B1 (fr) 2015-03-04
AU2010327319B2 (en) 2016-02-25
EP2506742B8 (fr) 2015-04-08

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