EP2505532B1 - Dispositif et systeme pour transporter des feuilles - Google Patents

Dispositif et systeme pour transporter des feuilles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2505532B1
EP2505532B1 EP12382122.5A EP12382122A EP2505532B1 EP 2505532 B1 EP2505532 B1 EP 2505532B1 EP 12382122 A EP12382122 A EP 12382122A EP 2505532 B1 EP2505532 B1 EP 2505532B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
board
bore holes
conveyor belts
sheets
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12382122.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2505532A3 (fr
EP2505532A2 (fr
Inventor
Rob Van der Snoek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Simon Corrugated Machinery SL
Original Assignee
Simon Corrugated Machinery SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Simon Corrugated Machinery SL filed Critical Simon Corrugated Machinery SL
Publication of EP2505532A2 publication Critical patent/EP2505532A2/fr
Publication of EP2505532A3 publication Critical patent/EP2505532A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2505532B1 publication Critical patent/EP2505532B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H5/00—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines
    • B65H5/22—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by air-blast or suction device
    • B65H5/222—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by air-blast or suction device by suction devices
    • B65H5/224—Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines by air-blast or suction device by suction devices by suction belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H11/00—Feed tables
    • B65H11/002—Feed tables incorporating transport belts
    • B65H11/005—Suction belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2404/00—Parts for transporting or guiding the handled material
    • B65H2404/50—Surface of the elements in contact with the forwarded or guided material
    • B65H2404/51—Cross section, i.e. section perpendicular to the direction of displacement
    • B65H2404/513—Cross section, i.e. section perpendicular to the direction of displacement with limited number of active areas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2406/00—Means using fluid
    • B65H2406/10—Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium
    • B65H2406/11—Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium producing fluidised bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2406/00—Means using fluid
    • B65H2406/30—Suction means
    • B65H2406/36—Means for producing, distributing or controlling suction
    • B65H2406/364—Means for producing, distributing or controlling suction simultaneously blowing and sucking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/17—Nature of material
    • B65H2701/176—Cardboard

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a device and system for conveying sheets, such as sheets of paper or cardboard, of the type comprising a board provided with bore holes, conveyor belts and blowing and suction means.
  • An objective of the present invention therefore is to disclose a conveyor device lacking pressure wheels which allows being able to readily retain the sheet on the conveyor belts in the end conveyor sector for handling.
  • the device for conveying sheets of the present invention is of the type comprising a board provided with bore holes forming a first and a second series of bore holes; blowing means connected to the first series of bore holes of the board, determining at least one blowing area; at least two conveyor belts arranged such that they slide on said conveyor board in the forward movement direction of the sheets, said conveyor belts being essentially parallel to one another and the gap between conveyor belts comprising a blowing area; and suction means connected to the second series of bore holes of the board, arranged below the conveyor belts, determining suction areas.
  • the device is essentially characterized in that the conveyor belts are provided with holes along their entire length which uncover intermittently and during the forward movement of the belt the bore holes of the second series of bore holes, and in that the conveyor board comprises separation barriers between blowing areas and suction areas, arranged adjacent to each side of each conveyor belt on the upper edges of which the sheet is supported during its travel over the board, preventing the sheet from adhering to the surface of the board during its forward movement and allowing the creation of sufficient air baffle to allow being able to readily retain the sheet on the conveyor belts in the end conveyor sector for handling.
  • the separation barriers have a height similar to that of the conveyor belts, allowing the sheet to be supported on the separation barriers, in one variant of interest, the upper edge of the separation barriers being coplanar with the outer face of the conveyor belts, which allow that even though the sheet is made of a rigid material, it is always supported on the separation barriers.
  • the bore holes of the second series of bore holes arranged below the same conveyor belt are aligned, which facilitates being able to be covered and uncovered intermittently by the holes of the conveyor belt.
  • the aligned bore holes arranged below the same conveyor belt are separated 10 cm, allowing a sheet of this length to always be arranged on a suction area.
  • the distance between adjacent holes of the same conveyor belt is 8 cm, allowing the bore holes of the second series of bore holes arranged below the belt to be constantly covered and uncovered.
  • the bore holes of the second series of bore holes are of the same size as the holes of the conveyor belt, allowing a hole to completely uncover a bore hole when they align, therefore maximizing suction.
  • the holes of the conveyor belt can naturally be larger than the bore holes of the second series of bore holes because the suction force is not affected.
  • the device comprises retractable retaining means in the board synchronized with the speed of the conveyor belt and, therefore, with the passage of sheets, for momentarily retaining each sheet, blocking its forward movement, without retaining the conveyor belts on which the sheet is traveling, and thus being able to square the sheet in the direction perpendicular to the forward movement direction of the sheet.
  • the board is inclined with respect to the horizontal, allowing the conveyance of sheets at a different height.
  • said inclination of the board is different at different points of said board, being able to determine a convex board, preventing the board from having steep ramps.
  • the device comprises four conveyor belts, allowing the conveyance of sheets of intermediate width.
  • the device comprises six conveyor belts, allowing the conveyance of sheets of greater width.
  • the system of the present invention comprises a feeder suitable for obtaining sheets from a stack and at least one device according to the present invention suitable for conveying the sheets obtained from said feeder to squaring means.
  • Figures 1 , 3 and 4 show different views of a device 1 for conveying sheets 2 according to the invention.
  • the device comprises a board 3 made of a rigid material, such as a sheet metal or wood inlaid with stainless steel, on which the sheets 2 are conveyed by means of conveyor belts 8.
  • the board 3 it is possible to form the board 3 from different sectors of board, attached to one another, to cover the desired path.
  • the sheets 2 can be semi-rigid, such as sheets of cardboard, or flexible, such as sheets of paper or plastic.
  • the sheets 2 are obtained from a stack from where they are separated by means of a feeder of the type known in the state of the art, which feeder delivers them to the conveyor device 1 in a staggered manner, adjacent sheets being partially overlapped, or said sheets alternatively being delivered in series, i.e., one by one. It is stressed that when conveyance is staggered, the board 3 is completely covered by the sheets, there being no gaps between sheets, advantageously achieving better conveyance of said sheets by completely covering the surface of the board 3, as will be seen below.
  • Said sheets 2 must then be conveyed by means of the conveyor belts 8, which are driven in the same direction by rollers 6 to the point where said sheets 2 must be delivered.
  • the variant of the invention shown in Figure 1 comprises two conveyor belts 8 which are arranged such that they slide on the board 3 in the forward movement direction of the sheets 2, shown by the arrow F.
  • Said conveyor belts 8 are essentially parallel to one another so that the direction of conveyance is rectilinear.
  • bore holes 4 have been made in said board 3 to facilitate conveyance of the sheets 2 by means of the conveyor belts 8.
  • a first and a second series of bore holes 4a, 4b can be seen in said bore holes 4, depending on the functionality of said bore holes 4, which will be described below.
  • the first series of bore holes 4a is connected to typical blowing means 5 by means of blowing ducts 13 through which air is expelled through the bore holes 4 forming a blowing area 7 in which an air pocket is created between a board 3 and the sheets 2 which are conveyed and pass over the bore holes 4 of the first series of bore holes 4a, facilitating the sliding of the sheets 2.
  • the second series of bore holes 4b is connected to typical suction means 9, such as a suction pump or suction turbine, by means of respective suction ducts 14, determining a suction area 10 around said second series of bore holes 4b.
  • the conveyor belts 8 are provided with holes 11 along their entire length, the bore holes 4 forming part of the second series of bore holes 4b being visible in the detail of board 3 of Figure 2 , advantageously covered below said conveyor belts 8.
  • the holes 11 of said conveyor belt 8 cover and uncover intermittently each of the bore holes 4 of the second series of bore holes 4b, allowing the sheet 2 traveling over a sector of conveyor belt 8 to be adhered intermittently and exerting an increasing and decreasing force against the conveyor belt as the holes 11 are eventually aligned with the respective bore holes 4 of the second series of bore holes 4b during the forward movement of the conveyor belts 8.
  • the separation between consecutive bore holes 4 of the second series of bore holes 4b is 10 cm
  • the separation between consecutive holes 11 is 8 cm.
  • the bore holes 4 of the second series of bore holes 4b are of the same size as the holes 11 of the conveyor belts 8.
  • the aligned bore holes 4 arranged below the same conveyor belt 8 are separated 10 cm from one another, whereas the distance between adjacent holes 11 of the same conveyor belt 8 is 8 cm, the diameter of both being the same, 2 cm.
  • This difference of distances means that the bore holes 4 close to one another are not covered or uncovered at the same time, but rather with a certain lack of synchronism, favoring each sheet 2 always being arranged on top of a partially uncovered bore hole 4 of the second series of bore holes 4b.
  • the air expelled by the first group of bore holes 4a in the blowing area 7 creates an air pocket facilitating conveyance of the sheet 2, nevertheless, it is necessary that this air exiting with certain pressure is not quickly absorbed by the suction area 10 of the second group of bore holes 4b, because this would weaken the effect exerted by said air pocket on the sheet 2 and allow the sliding thereof, furthermore the suction force exerted by the suction area 10 would be less.
  • the board 3 comprises separation barriers 12 between blowing areas 7 and suction areas 10, arranged adjacent to each side of each conveyor belt 8 on the upper edges 12a of which the sheet is supported during its travel over the board 3, preventing the sheet from adhering to the surface of the board during its forward movement and advantageously allowing the creation of an air pocket with excess pressure between the barriers 12.
  • said barriers 12 favor the suction exerted by the second group of bore holes 4b being essentially normal to the surface of the board 3, i.e., towards the sheet 2.
  • barriers 12 can be metal barriers made, for example, of stainless steel or of any other rigid material that allows the sliding of the sheets, such as plastic for example.
  • the barriers 12 are adhered to the surface of the board 3, although it is possible for them to be press-formed in the actual board 3 or in a metal sheet that is adhered to the surface of the board 3.
  • said barriers 12 can be used to discharge the static electricity that can be generated in the sheets 2 due to friction, among others, and safely ground it.
  • the separation barriers 12 essentially have the same height as the height by which the conveyor belt 8 protrudes from the board 3, the outer face 8a of the conveyor belts 8 being coplanar with the upper edge 12a of the barriers 12 and allowing a sheet 2 applied against the conveyor belts 8 to be correctly applied against the upper edge 12a of the barriers 12, as shown in Figure 3 , separating the blowing areas 7 from the suction areas 10 of the device 1.
  • the upper edge 12a of the barriers 12 is planar in the variant depicted, it could have different shapes that allow suitably separating the suction area 10 from the blowing areas 7, such as a rounded or pointed finish.
  • the separation barriers 12 could have a height similar to that of the conveyor belts 8, both the smaller and the larger ones, similar being understood in the context of the invention as that difference in height which allows, due to the effect of the weight of the sheet 2 itself and the suction exerted on the sheet 2, being able to apply it on the barriers 12 by bending it slightly and correctly separating each of the suction areas 10 from the adjacent blowing areas 7. Nevertheless, this difference in height must be small enough so as to prevent having to exert too much suction on the sheet 2 or the latter may be damaged as it is bent. For example, it has been found that a height of the conveyor belt 8 of 1 mm and a height of the barrier 12 of 0.7 mm allow correct conveyance of the sheets 2.
  • each sheet 2 is supported only on the upper edges 12a of the barriers 12 and partially adhered to the conveyor belts 8 in the suction areas 10, but separated from the surface of the board 3 by the air pocket of the blowing area 7, the sheet 2 can advantageously travel at the same speed and in the same forward movement direction of the conveyor belts 8, shown by the arrow F.
  • the board 3 can have retractable retaining means 16, such as a pair of rods aligned perpendicular to the forward movement direction protruding from the surface of the board 3, in a manner synchronized with the speed of the conveyor belt 8 and, therefore, with the passage of sheets 2, to momentarily retain the sheet 2 without retaining the conveyor belts 8 on which the sheet 2 travels, and the sheet 2 can therefore be squared in the direction perpendicular to the forward movement direction.
  • retractable retaining means 16 such as a pair of rods aligned perpendicular to the forward movement direction protruding from the surface of the board 3, in a manner synchronized with the speed of the conveyor belt 8 and, therefore, with the passage of sheets 2, to momentarily retain the sheet 2 without retaining the conveyor belts 8 on which the sheet 2 travels, and the sheet 2 can therefore be squared in the direction perpendicular to the forward movement direction.
  • Figure 5 shows a variant of the device 1 comprising four conveyor belts 8, suitable for conveying larger sheets 2.
  • the device 1 comprising four conveyor belts 8, suitable for conveying larger sheets 2.
  • separation barriers 12 between blowing areas 7 and suction areas 10.
  • the number of conveyor belts can be increased to support larger sheets 2, there being able to be six, for example, or even a larger number thereof.
  • Figure 6 shows a system 100 formed by three devices 1: a first device 1a, a second device 1b and a third device 1c, all aligned, the first device 1a comprising a horizontal board 3 suitable for conveying a sheet 2 horizontally in the direction of the arrow F to the second device 1b comprising a convex board 3 suitable for conveying the sheet 2 to a third device 1c comprising an inclined board 3.
  • the different devices 1 must be aligned so that the conveyor belts 8 of each device 1 can deliver the sheets 2 to the conveyor belts 8 of the next device 1, the sheets 2 suitably being able to travel in the forward movement direction shown by the arrow F.
  • the flow of sheets 2 is obtained in a known manner from a stack 101 from which a feeder 102 of the type known in the state of the art sends them one by one to the first device 1a, which conveys them horizontally to the second device 1b.
  • the second device 1b allows arranging the sheet 2 in an inclined position suitable for delivering it to the third device 1c.
  • the third device 1c comprises an inclined board 3, where cavities 15 have been made to allow the retaining means 16 described above to suitably retain each sheet 2, allowing squaring means 103, which are synchronous with the retaining means 16, to square and suitably arrange the sheet 2 for subsequent processing in later steps. After squaring, the sheet 2 is removed by typical conveyor means 104 to be conveyed to the next processing phases.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second system 200, an alternative variant of the preceding system, formed by a single device 1 the board 3 of which is formed by three attached board segments 3a, 3b, 3c, the first board segment 3a being horizontal, the second board segment 3b being convex and the third board segment 3c being inclined.
  • the conveyor belt 8 which conveys sheets 2 in the direction of the arrow F, does not travel over the entire board 3, but rather returns through a recess 17 made in the board 3, allowing the sheets 2 to fall due to their own weight to retaining means 16 of the type described above, which means can be retracted through cavities 15 made in the board 3 for squaring the sheet 2 similarly to that described in the first system 100.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
  • Controlling Sheets Or Webs (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif (1) pour transporter des feuilles (2) comprenant:
    - une planche (3) pourvue d'orifices (4) formant une première et une deuxième série d'orifices (4a, 4b) ;
    - des moyens de soufflage (5) connectés à la première série d'orifices (4a) de la planche, déterminant au moins une zone de soufflage (7) ;
    - au moins deux bandes transporteuses (8) aménagées de manière à coulisser sur ladite planche dans la direction de la marche avant des feuilles, lesdites bandes transporteuses étant essentiellement parallèles entre elles et l'écart entre les bandes transporteuses comprenant une zone de soufflage ;
    - des moyens d'aspiration (9) reliés à la deuxième série d'orifices (4b) de la planche, aménagés sous les bandes transporteuses, déterminant des zones d'aspiration (10), les bandes transporteuses sont pourvues de trous (11) le long de toute leur longueur qui découvrent de manière intermittente et pendant la marche avant de la bande transporteuse les différents orifices de la deuxième série d'orifices, caractérisé en ce que la planche de transport comprend des barrières de séparation (12) entre les zones de soufflage et les zones d'aspiration, aménagées attenantes à chaque côté de chaque bande transporteuse sur les bords supérieurs (12a) desquelles la feuille est appuyée pendant son déplacement sur la planche.
  2. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la hauteur des barrières de séparation (12) est similaire à la hauteur des bandes transporteuses (8).
  3. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le bord supérieur (12a) des barrières de séparation (12) est coplanaire avec la face extérieure (8a) des bandes transporteuses (8).
  4. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les orifices (4) de la deuxième séries d'orifices (4b) aménagés sous la même bande transporteuse (8) sont alignés.
  5. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que les orifices alignés (4) aménagés sous la même bande transporteuse (8) sont séparés de 10 cm.
  6. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre les trous attenants (11) de la même bande transporteuse est de 8 cm.
  7. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les orifices (4) de la deuxième série d'orifices (4b) sont de la même dimension que les trous (11) des bandes transporteuses (8).
  8. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la planche (3) est inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale.
  9. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison de la planche (3) est différente à différents points de ladite planche.
  10. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la planche (3) est convexe.
  11. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de retenue escamotables (16).
  12. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend quatre bandes transporteuses (8).
  13. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend six bandes transporteuses (8).
  14. Système (100, 200) pour transporter des feuilles (2), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un alimentateur (102) approprié pour obtenir des feuilles à partir d'une pile (101) et au moins un dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes approprié pour transporter les feuilles obtenues à partir dudit alimentateur à des moyens d'équerrage (103).
EP12382122.5A 2011-04-01 2012-03-30 Dispositif et systeme pour transporter des feuilles Not-in-force EP2505532B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201130524A ES2393729B1 (es) 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 Dispositivo y sistema para el transporte de láminas.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2505532A2 EP2505532A2 (fr) 2012-10-03
EP2505532A3 EP2505532A3 (fr) 2014-12-10
EP2505532B1 true EP2505532B1 (fr) 2017-11-22

Family

ID=46062200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12382122.5A Not-in-force EP2505532B1 (fr) 2011-04-01 2012-03-30 Dispositif et systeme pour transporter des feuilles

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2505532B1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2393729B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW201605707A (zh) * 2014-08-04 2016-02-16 Ysf Machinery Co Ltd 輸紙機
ES2681961B1 (es) * 2017-03-17 2019-06-27 Simon Corrugated Machinery S L Dispositivo y procedimiento para el transporte de láminas flexibles
CN108438969A (zh) * 2018-04-11 2018-08-24 苏州智码数码科技有限公司 消振传输机构及包括该机构的折叠机
CN108861705B (zh) * 2018-07-30 2024-01-12 金湖三木机械制造实业有限公司 一次性卫生用品的超薄材料理片机
DE102019118647B3 (de) 2019-07-10 2020-06-10 Koenig & Bauer Ag Produktionslinie zur Bearbeitung von Blechtafeln
JP7463709B2 (ja) * 2019-12-16 2024-04-09 ブラザー工業株式会社 画像記録装置
DE102020114531A1 (de) 2020-05-29 2021-12-02 Koenig & Bauer Ag Produktionslinie zur Bearbeitung von Blechtafeln
DE102020125412A1 (de) 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Koenig & Bauer Ag Vorrichtung zum Transport von jeweils bis an ihre auf ihre Transportrichtung bezogene Vorderkante und/oder Hinterkante lackierten Blechtafeln
CN113371481B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2022-09-02 深圳汉华工业数码设备有限公司 整形机构及印刷系统
CN113798107A (zh) * 2021-10-16 2021-12-17 江苏泰华消防电气设备有限公司 一种防火门制作自动化加工设备及加工工艺

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DE4013302A1 (de) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Koenig & Bauer Ag Vorrichtung zum foerdern eines insbesondere geschuppten stroms von bogen
US5857605A (en) * 1995-06-26 1999-01-12 Marquip, Inc. Vacuum assisted web drive for corrugator double backer
CA2231798A1 (fr) * 1995-09-08 1997-03-13 Marvin H. Duncan, Jr. Systeme de plaquage par aspiration
DE102004003509B4 (de) * 2003-02-21 2019-04-25 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Vorrichtung zum Fördern von Bogen
DE202004006615U1 (de) * 2004-04-23 2004-08-05 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Fördertisch

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2505532A3 (fr) 2014-12-10
ES2658340T3 (es) 2018-03-09
ES2393729B1 (es) 2013-11-04
ES2393729A1 (es) 2012-12-27
EP2505532A2 (fr) 2012-10-03

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