EP2500491B1 - Passenger protection system - Google Patents
Passenger protection system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2500491B1 EP2500491B1 EP12155734.2A EP12155734A EP2500491B1 EP 2500491 B1 EP2500491 B1 EP 2500491B1 EP 12155734 A EP12155734 A EP 12155734A EP 2500491 B1 EP2500491 B1 EP 2500491B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- duct
- protection system
- personal protection
- blower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/1277—Shelters for decontamination
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/16—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against adverse conditions, e.g. extreme climate, pests
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
- F24F3/167—Clean rooms, i.e. enclosed spaces in which a uniform flow of filtered air is distributed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F9/00—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains
- F24F2009/005—Use of air currents for screening, e.g. air curtains combined with a door
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/44—Protection from terrorism or theft
Definitions
- the invention relates to a personal protection system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- a personal protection system with an entrance lock and a lounge is from the DE 35 21 884 C1 known.
- the known personal protection system also includes a ventilation system including a filter system.
- Known personal protection systems are designed in such a way that persons entering the entrance lock must remain there until potential contamination has been reduced to a permissible level.
- an air conveyor system is provided, which flushes through the entrance lock and directs the gas through a noxious gas filter.
- the degree of contamination can be determined by measuring the concentration of harmful gas in the entrance lock. Only then, if the contamination has been reduced to an acceptable level, the interior may be entered.
- the entrance lock must be as small as possible, which means that only a few people can be in the entrance lock.
- This lock principle is not suitable for the disaster with highly toxic gases, as people who want to enter the entrance lock, carry an escape hood, which provides protection only for a very limited time.
- US 2008/196329 A1 discloses a personal protection system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- an entrance lock and a lounge are provided.
- the entrance lock has an outer door
- the lounge has a door opposite the entrance lock.
- the system is designed so that a person enters the entrance lock, closes the entrance door behind him, then flushes the air out of the entry lock, after which the door to the lounge is opened and can be entered.
- the invention has for its object to improve a personal protection system in such a way that people can reach the lounge in a short time.
- the personal protection system according to the invention has in front of the entrance door of the entrance lock an air curtain, which reduces the pollutant entry upon entering the entrance lock.
- the personal contaminants are reduced to a calculated level during the passage through a high-performance filter device in the lock area. Persons arrive in the recreation room without delay and have to keep respiratory protection there as long as entrained contaminations are indicated. If required, respiratory masks can be put on, which can be supplied for a long period of time from self-sufficient breathing air accumulators.
- the lounge When all persons have entered the room, the lounge is flushed with breathing air over a high rate of air exchange. After a few minutes, the pollutant concentrations are reduced to an acceptable level, and the respirators can be discontinued.
- the air in the room is monitored by a gas detector and warned visually and acoustically when exceeding impermissible values. It is not only cleaned by means of a circulating air system and a noxious gas filter, the room air, but it is simultaneously passed by means of an air purifier from air storage fresh air into the interior of the common room to support the flushing by the recirculation system.
- the respiratory masks which are carried by the people in the lounge, supplied with breathing air.
- the air curtain system arranged in front of the entrance door of the entrance lock is designed with a closed air screen. This significantly reduces the thermal effect when opening the front door, which is caused by different temperatures. Light wind effects are reduced and slowed down by the invisible air curtain. Hereby the pollutant entry into the entrance lock is strongly reduced. The entry of pollutants occurs when the front door is opened due to thermal influences and contaminations introduced via persons.
- the amount of pollutants introduced by the persons per time can be determined by a limit value analysis. It is assumed that each person introduces a volume of air corresponding to the body volume into the entrance lock. When thermal effects are eliminated by the air curtain, it can be assumed that only contaminants in the entrance lock have to be removed.
- the filter system will be designed so that the pollutant concentration in the entrance lock is limited to a predetermined value.
- the filter unit When a concentration of 400 ppm is reached in the inlet lock, the filter unit removes 4 L / min of harmful gas from the air. This corresponds to the assumed pollutant input.
- the filter performance is set higher in the actual layout of the system.
- the permissible room air concentration is 5 ppm.
- the time can be significantly reduced.
- the air purge and gas filtration can be used together in parallel and the time for cleaning the common room would be about 12 minutes.
- This time is used as a minimum time for the design of the breathing system.
- the actual breathing air capacity is designed so that in case of ineffective restraint systems in the shelter the higher concentrations of pollutants can be cleaned and the persons during the longer cleaning time have the appropriate air available for the mask supply.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the structure of a personal protection system 1, which has an air curtain 2 in front of an entrance door 3 to an entrance lock 4 and connected to the entrance lock 4 lounge 5. Between the entrance lock 4 and the recreation room 5 there is a passage door 6.
- the air curtain 2 consists of a first supply air duct 7 with an outlet opening 8, a first return air duct 9 with return air openings 10 and a first blower 11.
- the blower 11 is connected via a first gas channel 12 to the first supply air duct 7 and the first return air duct 9 and conveys ambient air from the first return air duct 9 to the first supply air duct 7.
- the air curtain 2 can also be designed in an open design without return air duct.
- a second blower 18 arranged in the second gas duct 17 conveys the interior air via a first harmful gas filter 19 from the second return air duct 15 to the second supply air duct 13.
- the second blower duct via the second return air duct 15 aspirated indoor air is purified in the first harmful gas filter 19 and passes as decontaminated air via the second supply air duct 13 back into the interior.
- the common room 5 has a third supply air duct 20 with outlet openings 21, a third return air channel 22 with inlet openings 23 and a third gas channel 24 with a third blower 26 and a second harmful gas filter 25 for conveying the interior air from the third return air duct 22 to the third supply air duct 20.
- a breathing air line 27 for non-illustrated respirators.
- the breathing air line is connected via an air switch panel 28 with a breathing air reservoir 29.
- a supply line 30 extends from the air switch panel 28 via a silencer 31 to the third supply air duct 20.
- the third supply air duct 20 is thus supplied both via the third blower 26 and via the breathing air reservoir 29 with gas, so that residual contamination both via the air circulation system and over Air from the breathing air reservoir 29 are flushed out of the lounge 5. Excess gas is discharged via a spring-loaded pressure relief valve 32 from the common room 5.
- the pressure relief valve 32 is adjusted so that in the recreation room 5 always such an interior pressure prevails, which prevents the ingress of noxious gases from the environment.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a first alternative personal protection system 40, in which, compared with the personal protection system 1 according to FIG. 1 , a common harmful gas filter 41 is used for filtering the indoor air in the entrance lock 4 and in the recreation room 5.
- a switching valve 42 in the second gas channel 17 between the second fan 18 and the second supply air duct 13 and the muffler 31 is provided.
- the second blower 18 is connected to the muffler 31 and the conveyed air passes through the muffler 31 in the third supply air duct 20.
- the third return air duct 22 is connected via a fourth gas passage 44 with a discharge valve 43 designed as a pressure relief valve, which opens into the input lock 4.
- the first alternative personal protection system 40 is characterized by a particularly rapid infiltration of persons into the recreation room 5. The persons pass through the entrance lock 4 and enter the common room 5. The switching valve 42 is initially in the first switching position and then in the second switching position transferred. The air circulation then takes place via the silencer 31 into the third supply air duct 20 and from the third return air duct 22, the fourth gas duct 44 and the outflow valve 43 into the input lock 4, where the room air is sucked in via the second return air duct 15. Air purge within the lounge 5 reduces entrained contaminants to a specified limit. Compared to the personal protection system 1 after the FIG. 1 In the first alternative personal protection system 40, a filter system is saved.
- FIG. 3 shows a second alternative personal protection system 50, in which compared to the first alternative personal protection system 40 after FIG. 2 the air entering the common room 5 via the third supply air duct 20 is not collected in a return air duct, but is discharged directly into the intake lock 4 via the fourth gas duct 44 and the outflow valve 43.
- This air duct can be selected if a targeted air return via the third return air duct 22 is required for air purification. This also increases the usable area in the lounge 5, since no return air duct must be installed.
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Personenschutzsystem mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a personal protection system having the features of the preamble of
Eine Personenschutzsystem mit einer Eingangsschleuse und einem Aufenthaltsraum ist aus der
Bekannte Personenschutzsysteme sind so konzipiert, dass Personen, die in die Eingangsschleuse eintreten, in dieser solange verweilen müssen, bis mögliche Kontaminationen auf ein zulässiges Maß reduziert worden sind. Zur Dekontamination ist eine Luftförderanlage vorgesehen, die die Eingangsschleuse durchspült und das Gas über ein Schadgasfilter leitet. Durch Messung der Schadgaskonzentration in der Eingangsschleuse lässt sich der Kontaminationsgrad ermitteln. Erst dann, wenn die Kontaminationen auf ein zulässiges Maß reduziert worden sind, darf der Innenraum betreten werden. Für eine schnelle Dekontamination muss die Eingangsschleuse möglicht klein sein, was bedeutet, dass sich nur wenige Personen in der Eingangsschleuse aufhalten können. Dieses Schleusenprinzip ist für den Katastrophenfall mit hochtoxischen Gasen nicht geeignet, da Personen, die die Eingangsschleuse betreten wollen, eine Fluchthaube tragen, die nur für eine sehr begrenzte Zeit Schutz bietet. Das bedeutet, dass Personen aufgrund der Zeitbegrenzung nicht an der Außentür der Anlage auf die Einschleusung warten können. Die Nutzungsdauer einer Fluchthaube ist häufig auf einen Zeitraum von 30 Minuten beschränkt. Im Katastrophenfall ist damit zu rechnen, dass eine größere Anzahl von Personen gleichzeitig den Aufenthaltsraum betreten will.Known personal protection systems are designed in such a way that persons entering the entrance lock must remain there until potential contamination has been reduced to a permissible level. For decontamination, an air conveyor system is provided, which flushes through the entrance lock and directs the gas through a noxious gas filter. The degree of contamination can be determined by measuring the concentration of harmful gas in the entrance lock. Only then, if the contamination has been reduced to an acceptable level, the interior may be entered. For fast decontamination, the entrance lock must be as small as possible, which means that only a few people can be in the entrance lock. This lock principle is not suitable for the disaster with highly toxic gases, as people who want to enter the entrance lock, carry an escape hood, which provides protection only for a very limited time. This means that due to the time limit, people can not wait for the infiltration at the outside door of the plant. The service life of an escape hood is often limited to a period of 30 minutes. In the event of a disaster it is to be expected that a larger number of people will enter the recreation room at the same time.
Weitere Personen Schutzsysteme sind aus
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Personenschutzsystem in der Weise zu verbessern, dass Personen in kurzer Zeit den Aufenthaltsraum erreichen können.The invention has for its object to improve a personal protection system in such a way that people can reach the lounge in a short time.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The solution of the problem arises from the features of
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Personenschutzsystem besitzt vor der Eingangstür der Eingangsschleuse ein Luftschleiergerät, welches den Schadstoffeintrag beim Betreten der Eingangsschleuse reduziert. Die personenweise eingetragenen Kontaminationen werden im Schleusensbereich während des Durchlaufens über ein Hochleistungs-Filtergerät auf ein kalkuliertes Maß reduziert. Personen gelangen ohne Verzögerung in den Aufenthaltsraum und müssen dort noch so lange den Atemschutz aufbehalten, wie eingeschleppte Kontaminationen angezeigt sind. Bei Bedarf können Atemschutzmasken aufgesetzt werden, welche für einen langen Zeitraum aus autarken Atemluftspeichern versorgt werden können.The personal protection system according to the invention has in front of the entrance door of the entrance lock an air curtain, which reduces the pollutant entry upon entering the entrance lock. The personal contaminants are reduced to a calculated level during the passage through a high-performance filter device in the lock area. Persons arrive in the recreation room without delay and have to keep respiratory protection there as long as entrained contaminations are indicated. If required, respiratory masks can be put on, which can be supplied for a long period of time from self-sufficient breathing air accumulators.
Wenn alle Personen den Raum betreten haben, wird der Aufenthaltsraum über eine hohe Luftwechselrate mit Atemluft gespült. Nach einigen Minuten sind die Schadstoffkonzentrationen auf ein zulässiges Maß reduziert, und die Atemschutzmasken können abgesetzt werden. Die Raumluft wird über ein Gasmessgerät überwacht und es wird beim Überschreiten unzulässiger Werte optisch und akustisch gewarnt. Es wird dabei nicht nur mittels eines Umluftsystems und einem Schadgasfilter die Raumluft gereinigt, sondern es wird gleichzeitig mittels einer Luftspüleinrichtung aus Luftspeichern frische Atemluft in den Innenraum des Aufenthaltsraumes geleitet, um die Spülung durch das Umluftsystem zu unterstützen.When all persons have entered the room, the lounge is flushed with breathing air over a high rate of air exchange. After a few minutes, the pollutant concentrations are reduced to an acceptable level, and the respirators can be discontinued. The air in the room is monitored by a gas detector and warned visually and acoustically when exceeding impermissible values. It is not only cleaned by means of a circulating air system and a noxious gas filter, the room air, but it is simultaneously passed by means of an air purifier from air storage fresh air into the interior of the common room to support the flushing by the recirculation system.
Während der Luftspülung werden auch die Atemmasken, welche von den Personen im Aufenthaltsraum getragen werden, mit Atemluft versorgt.During the air purge, the respiratory masks, which are carried by the people in the lounge, supplied with breathing air.
Die vor der Eingangstür der Eingangsschleuse angeordnete Luftschleieranlage ist mit einem geschlossenen Luftschirm ausgeführt. Dieser reduziert deutlich den thermischen Effekt beim Öffnen der Eingangstür, welcher durch unterschiedliche Temperaturen entsteht. Leichte Windeinflüssen werden durch den unsichtbaren Luftschleier abgemindert und gebremst. Hiermit wird der Schadstoffeintrag in die Eingangsschleuse stark reduziert. Der Schadstoffeintrag entsteht beim Öffnen der Eingangstür durch thermische Einflüsse und durch über Personen eingeschleppte Kontaminationen.The air curtain system arranged in front of the entrance door of the entrance lock is designed with a closed air screen. This significantly reduces the thermal effect when opening the front door, which is caused by different temperatures. Light wind effects are reduced and slowed down by the invisible air curtain. Hereby the pollutant entry into the entrance lock is strongly reduced. The entry of pollutants occurs when the front door is opened due to thermal influences and contaminations introduced via persons.
Die von den Personen eingeschleppte Schadstoffmenge pro Zeit lässt sich durch eine Grenzwertbetrachtung bestimmen. Es wird angenommen, dass jede Person eine dem Körpervolumen entsprechende Luftmenge in die Eingangsschleuse einbringt. Wenn thermische Einflüsse durch das Luftschleiergerät eliminiert sind, kann man davon ausgehen, dass nur durch Kontaminationen in der Eingangsschleuse entfernt werden müssen.The amount of pollutants introduced by the persons per time can be determined by a limit value analysis. It is assumed that each person introduces a volume of air corresponding to the body volume into the entrance lock. When thermal effects are eliminated by the air curtain, it can be assumed that only contaminants in the entrance lock have to be removed.
Beispiel: 100 Personen (P) sollen in 10 Minuten einschleusen, Annahme 80 Liter Körpervolumen pro Person, 5000 ppm Außenkontamination, entsprechend 0,5 Vol%.Example: 100 people (P) are to infiltrate in 10 minutes, assuming 80 liters of body volume per person, 5000 ppm of external contamination, corresponding to 0.5% by volume.
Eingeschleppte kontaminierte Luft :
Eingeschlepptes Schadgas :
Die Filteranlage wird so ausgelegt werden, dass die Schadstoffkonzentration in der Eingangsschleuse auf einen vorbestimmten Wert begrenzt wird.The filter system will be designed so that the pollutant concentration in the entrance lock is limited to a predetermined value.
Beispiel: Bei einem Schadgaseintrag von 4 L/min soll die Schadgaskonzentration in der Eingangsschleuse auf 0,04 %, entsprechend 400 ppm begrenzt werden. Der Filterwirkungsgrad beträgt 90%.Example: With a pollutant gas input of 4 L / min, the pollutant gas concentration in the inlet lock should be limited to 0.04%, corresponding to 400 ppm. The filter efficiency is 90%.
Der erforderliche Filter - Luftdurchsatz beträgt 4 L/min / 0,04%*0,9 = 667 m3/hThe required filter - air flow rate is 4 L / min / 0.04% * 0.9 = 667 m 3 / h
Wenn in der Eingangsschleuse eine Konzentration von 400 ppm erreicht wird, beseitigt die Filteranlage 4 L/min Schadgas aus der Luft. Dieses entspricht dem angenommenen Schadstoffeintrag. Die Filterleistung wird bei der tatsächlichen Auslegung der Anlage höher gewählt.When a concentration of 400 ppm is reached in the inlet lock, the filter unit removes 4 L / min of harmful gas from the air. This corresponds to the assumed pollutant input. The filter performance is set higher in the actual layout of the system.
Bei Zugrundelegung des gleichen Rechenbeispiels erfolgt ein reduzierter Schadstoffeintrag in den Aufenthaltsraum, da jede Person eine 400 ppm entsprechende Schadstoffmenge einschleppt und nicht mehr 5.000 ppm.On the basis of the same calculation example, there is a reduced pollutant entry into the recreation room, since each person drags in a 400 ppm corresponding amount of pollutants and no longer 5,000 ppm.
Das Volumen der eingeschleppten Schadgasmenge beträgt:
- Eingeschlepptes Schadgas:
- Raumluftkonzentration nach dem Betreten aller Personen:
- Trapped noxious gas:
- Indoor air concentration after entering all persons:
Raumluftkonzentration im Aufenthaltsraum nach dem Betreten aller Personen:
- Raumgröße: 111 m3
- Room size: 111 m 3
Die zulässige Raumluftkonzentration beträgt 5 ppm.The permissible room air concentration is 5 ppm.
Folglich müssen die Personen für eine gewisse Übergangszeit noch über eine zentrale Atemanlage mit Masken mit Atemgas versorgt werden.Consequently, for a certain transitional period, people still need to be supplied with respiratory gas via a central breathing system.
Für die Reinigung auf den zulässigen Wert von 5 ppm sind folgende Reinigungsfunktionen einsetzbar:
- Filtration über den CO2 - Absorber: Reinigungsleistung von 600 m3/h.
- Umluftfiltration über die Gasfilteranlage, welche wahlweise für jeden Raum vorgesehen wird, oder als zentrale umschaltbare Filteranlage.
- Luftspülung mit Atemluft aus Speicherflaschen.
- Filtration via the CO2 absorber: cleaning capacity of 600 m 3 / h.
- Recirculation filtration via the gas filtration system, which is optionally provided for each room, or as a central switchable filter system.
- Air purge with breathing air from storage bottles.
Für die Reinigung von 28 ppm Schadgas (a) auf 5 ppm (b) wird folgende Luftmenge benötigt:
Zeit für die Reinigung im Aufenthaltsraum:
- a) Reinigung über Luftspülung aus Luftspeichern: Es werden 17 Flaschen a' 14.000 Liter Nutzvolumen benötigt. Bei einer Spülluftmenge von 600 m3/h beträgt die Reinigungszeit ca. 24 Minuten.
- b) Reinigung über die Gas-Filteranlage: Mit dem ausgelegten Volumenstrom von 667 m3/h wird in etwa die gleiche Zeit benötigt.
- c) Reinigung über die Absorber - Kalkpatronen: Mit dem Nennvolumenstrom von 600 m3/h wird in etwa die gleiche Zeit benötigt.
- a) Purge via air purge from air storage: 17 bottles of a 14,000 liter useful volume are required. At a purge air volume of 600 m 3 / h, the cleaning time is approximately 24 minutes.
- b) Cleaning via the gas filter system: The designed volume flow of 667 m 3 / h will take about the same time.
- c) Cleaning via the absorber - lime cartridges: The nominal volume flow of 600 m 3 / h will take about the same time.
Beim Zusammenwirken aller Wirkungsmechanismen - Luftspülung, Filtration und Absorbernutzung - kann die Zeit erheblich reduziert werden. In jedem Fall lassen sich die Luftspülung und Gas - Filtration parallel gemeinsam einsetzen und die Zeit für die Reinigung des Aufenthaltsraumes würde ca. 12 Minuten betragen.In the interaction of all mechanisms of action - air purge, filtration and Absorber usage - the time can be significantly reduced. In any case, the air purge and gas filtration can be used together in parallel and the time for cleaning the common room would be about 12 minutes.
Diese Zeit wird für die Auslegung der Atemanlage als Mindestzeit zugrunde gelegt. Die tatsächliche Atemluftkapazität wird so ausgelegt, dass bei nicht wirksamen Rückhaltesystemen im Schutzraum die höheren Schadgaskonzentrationen gereinigt werden können und die Personen während der länger dauernden Reinigungszeit die entsprechende Luft für die Maskenversorgung verfügbar haben.This time is used as a minimum time for the design of the breathing system. The actual breathing air capacity is designed so that in case of ineffective restraint systems in the shelter the higher concentrations of pollutants can be cleaned and the persons during the longer cleaning time have the appropriate air available for the mask supply.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist in der Figur gezeigt und im Folgenden näher erläutert.An embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in the figure and explained in more detail below.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- den Pneumatikschaltplan eines Personenschutzsystems,
- Figur 2:
- eine erste Alternative zum Personenschutzsystem nach der
,Figur 1 - Figur 3:
- eine zweite Alternative zum Personenschutzsystem nach der
.Figur 2
- FIG. 1:
- the pneumatic circuit diagram of a personal protection system,
- FIG. 2:
- a first alternative to the personal protection system according to the
FIG. 1 . - FIG. 3:
- a second alternative to the personal protection system according to the
FIG. 2 ,
mit einer Austrittsöffnung 8, einem ersten Rückluftkanal 9 mit Rückluftöffnungen 10 und einem ersten Gebläse 11. Das Gebläse 11 ist über einen ersten Gaskanal 12 mit dem ersten Zuluftkanal 7 und dem ersten Rückluftkanal 9 verbunden und fördert Umgebungsluft vom ersten Rückluftkanal 9 zum ersten Zuluftkanal 7. Das Luftschleiergerät 2 kann auch in offener Bauweise ohne Rückluftkanal ausgeführt sein.
with an
In der Eingangsschleuse 4 befinden sich ein zweiter Zuluftkanal 13 mit Austrittsöffnungen 14, ein zweiter Rückluftkanal 15 mit Eingangsöffnungen 16, welche über einen zweiten Gaskanal 17 miteinander verbunden sind. Ein im zweiten Gaskanal 17 angeordnetes zweites Gebläse 18 fördert die Innenraumluft über ein erstes Schadgasfilter 19 vom zweiten Rückluftkanal 15 zum zweiten Zuluftkanal 13. Die über den zweiten Rückluftkanal 15 angesaugte Innenraumluft wird im ersten Schadgasfilter 19 gereinigt und gelangt als dekontaminierte Luft über den zweiten Zuluftkanal 13 zurück in den Innenraum.In the
Der Aufenthaltsraum 5 besitzt einen dritten Zuluftkanal 20 mit Austrittsöffnungen 21, einen dritten Rückluftkanal 22 mit Eingangsöffnungen 23 und einen dritten Gaskanal 24 mit einem dritten Gebläse 26 und einem zweiten Schadgasfilter 25 zur Förderung der Innenraumluft vom dritten Rückluftkanal 22 zum dritten Zuluftkanal 20. In der Raummitte des Aufenthaltsraumes 5 verläuft ein Atemluftleitung 27 für nicht näher dargestellte Atemschutzmasken. Die Atemluftleitung ist über eine Luftschalttafel 28 mit einem Atemluftspeicher 29 verbunden. Eine Versorgungsleitung 30 verläuft von der Luftschalttafel 28 über einen Schalldämpfer 31 zum dritten Zuluftkanal 20. Der dritte Zuluftkanal 20 wird somit sowohl über das dritte Gebläse 26 als auch über den Atemluftspeicher 29 mit Gas versorgt, so dass Restkontaminationen sowohl über das Umluftsystem als auch über die Luft aus dem Atemluftspeicher 29 aus dem Aufenthaltsraum 5 ausgespült werden. Überschüssiges Gas wird über ein federbelastetes Überdruckventil 32 aus dem Aufenthaltsraum 5 abgelassen. Das Überdruckventil 32 ist so eingestellt, dass in dem Aufenthaltsraum 5 immer ein derartiger Innenraumdruck herrscht, der das Eindringen von Schadgasen aus der Umgebung verhindert.The
- 11
- PersonenschutzsystemPersonal Protection System
- 22
- LuftschleiergerätAir curtain
- 33
- Eingangstürentrance
- 44
- Eingangsschleuseentry lock
- 55
- Aufenthaltsraumsitting room
- 66
- DurchgangstürPassdoor
- 77
- erster Zuluftkanalfirst supply air duct
- 88th
- Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
- 99
- erster Rückluftkanalfirst return air duct
- 1010
- Eingangsöffnungentrance opening
- 1111
- erstes Gebläsefirst blower
- 1212
- erster Gaskanalfirst gas channel
- 1313
- zweiter Zuluftkanalsecond supply air duct
- 1414
- Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
- 1515
- zweiter Rückluftkanalsecond return air duct
- 1616
- Eingangsöffnungentrance opening
- 1717
- zweiter Gaskanalsecond gas channel
- 1818
- zweites Gebläsesecond blower
- 1919
- erstes Schadgasfilterfirst harmful gas filter
- 2020
- dritter Zuluftkanalthird supply air duct
- 2121
- Austrittsöffnungoutlet opening
- 2222
- dritter Rückluftkanalthird return air duct
- 2323
- Eingangsöffnungentrance opening
- 2424
- dritter Gaskanalthird gas channel
- 2525
- zweites Schadgasfiltersecond harmful gas filter
- 2626
- drittes Gebläsethird blower
- 2727
- Versorgungskanalsupply channel
- 2828
- Gasverteilergas distributor
- 2929
- AtemluftspeicherBreathing air storage
- 3030
- Versorgungsleitungsupply line
- 3131
- Schalldämpfersilencer
- 3232
- ÜberdruckventilPressure relief valve
- 4040
- erstes alternatives Personenschutzsystemfirst alternative personal protection system
- 4242
- Umschaltventilswitching valve
- 4343
- Abströmventiloutflow valve
- 4444
- vierter Gaskanalfourth gas channel
- 5050
- zweites alternatives Personenschutzsystemsecond alternative personal protection system
Claims (5)
- A personal protection system comprising:an entrance area (4),a residence room (5) connected to the entrance area (4),an air circulation system (13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 26) for the inner space enclosed by the entrance area (4) and the residence room (5), said air circulation system comprising at least one air delivery unit (18) and a toxic gas filter (19),an air flushing device (28, 30, 31, 20) comprising air storage units (29) for said residence room (5), anda gas supply duct (27) for respirator products,
characterized in thatat the entrance door (3) of the entrance area (4) an air curtain device (2) is provided which comprises an air feed duct (7), an air return duct (9) and a first blower (11), andthat the air circulation system for the entrance area (4) comprises a second air feed duct (13), a second air return duct (15) and a second blower (18) including the toxic gas filter (19). - A personal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air circulation system for the residence room (5) consists of a third air feed duct (20), a third air return duct (22) as well as a third blower including a second toxic gas filter (25).
- A personal protection system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a common air circulation system for the entrance area (4) and the residence room (5) comprises a second air feed duct (13) and a second air return duct (15) in the entrance area (4), a second blower (18) including a first toxic gas filter (19) between the air return duct (15) and the air feed duct (13) as well as a reversing valve (42) on the discharge side of the blower (18), wherein the reversing valve (42) in a first switching position establishes a gas path to the second air feed duct (13) and in a second switching position establishes a gas path to a third air feed duct (20) to the residence room (5).
- A personal protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that the air storage units (29) of the air flushing device (28, 30, 31, 20) are connected to the third air feed duct (20) in the residence room (5).
- A personal protection system according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air flushing system and/or the air circulation system are designed for a flushing flow rate of at least 600 m3/hr.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL12155734T PL2500491T3 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2012-02-16 | Passenger protection system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011014104A DE102011014104B3 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2011-03-16 | Personal Protection System |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2500491A1 EP2500491A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2500491B1 true EP2500491B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
Family
ID=45655927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12155734.2A Not-in-force EP2500491B1 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2012-02-16 | Passenger protection system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9243417B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2500491B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102011014104B3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2500491T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012019700B3 (en) | 2012-10-06 | 2014-03-06 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Personal protection system, particularly escape chamber for personal protection in hazardous areas of mining industry, has main room and carbon dioxide absorber provided for absorption of carbon dioxide from ambient air of main room |
DE102012019699B4 (en) | 2012-10-06 | 2016-12-22 | Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA | Personal protection system and method for operating a personal protection system |
WO2014165428A1 (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2014-10-09 | Steris Inc. | Transportable vacuum assisted decontamination unit and decontamination process |
US10717877B2 (en) | 2013-06-26 | 2020-07-21 | Momentive Performance Materials Gmbh | Photocurable coating composition and its use |
CN105332537B (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-09-22 | 天津森罗科技股份有限公司 | A kind of airtight space safety system |
FR3055044B1 (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2020-01-24 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR AIR QUALITY CONTROL IN AN ESTABLISHMENT RECEIVING PUBLIC |
CN111637617A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-08 | 深圳市巨鼎医疗设备有限公司 | Control method, system, equipment and storage medium for negative pressure isolation ward |
CN113932359A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-14 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Sterilizing fan assembly, method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3521884C1 (en) * | 1985-06-19 | 1986-10-09 | Bauer, Hans-Christian, 5411 Sessenbach | Inner shuttering for a shelter which is intended for individuals |
DE3925941A1 (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1991-02-07 | Manfred Ruediger Weinholz | Air lock to chamber contaminated by asbestos dust - has progressively changing pressures and cleansing equipment in sub-divisions |
DE3927673A1 (en) * | 1989-08-22 | 1991-02-28 | Philipp Prof Dr Katz | Device for preparing clean room - involves separating clean room from others by time lock corridor |
KR100197900B1 (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 1999-06-15 | 윤종용 | Air-condition system using clean room of semiconductor |
JP2004085147A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-18 | Koken Ltd | Shelter |
US8007047B2 (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2011-08-30 | Kennedy Metal Products & Buildings, Inc. | Mine refuge |
US20080311842A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Glacier Bay, Inc. | HVAC air distribution system |
-
2011
- 2011-03-16 DE DE102011014104A patent/DE102011014104B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-02-16 PL PL12155734T patent/PL2500491T3/en unknown
- 2012-02-16 EP EP12155734.2A patent/EP2500491B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-03-15 US US13/421,140 patent/US9243417B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2500491T3 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
DE102011014104B3 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2500491A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
US9243417B2 (en) | 2016-01-26 |
US20120233923A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
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