EP2494153A2 - Aube d'un étage de turbine à vapeur et aubage mobile ou aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine à vapeur - Google Patents

Aube d'un étage de turbine à vapeur et aubage mobile ou aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine à vapeur

Info

Publication number
EP2494153A2
EP2494153A2 EP10775773A EP10775773A EP2494153A2 EP 2494153 A2 EP2494153 A2 EP 2494153A2 EP 10775773 A EP10775773 A EP 10775773A EP 10775773 A EP10775773 A EP 10775773A EP 2494153 A2 EP2494153 A2 EP 2494153A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turbine
coating
turbine blade
blade
thin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10775773A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anett Berndt
Christian Seidel
Lutz Völker
Heinrich Zeininger
Markus Mantei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102009051135A external-priority patent/DE102009051135A1/de
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2494153A2 publication Critical patent/EP2494153A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/282—Selecting composite materials, e.g. blades with reinforcing filaments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/40—Organic materials
    • F05D2300/43—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05D2300/431—Rubber

Definitions

  • Faserver ⁇ composite materials have the advantage of high specific strength and low weight.
  • the erosion load increases again significantly.
  • Water drops with a size of approx. 25- 400 ⁇ m, in particular of approx. 100 ⁇ m, and a relative velocity of more than 490 m / s can impinge on the surface of the blade.
  • turbine blades made of pure fiber composite material are destroyed even at lower speeds of the water droplets in a few minutes. But even turbine blades made of metal, in particular of steel or titanium, are damaged by the drop impact erosion stress after a certain time and thus unusable.
  • fiber mats are particularly suitable glass fibers or carbon fibers. Since fiber composites have high strength only in the machine direction, an indi vidual ⁇ , stress-related alignment of the fiber layers is necessary. In most cases, the fiber mats are made of several superimposed fiber mats with different main fiber direction in order to achieve a strength in several directions.
  • the individual fiber mats are connected to each other by means of a matrix, usually a synthetic resin. The matrix portion must be so high that the fiber mats are firmly connected to each other. However, a too large matrix content leads to a decrease in the strength of the fiber composite material.
  • a hybrid multi-component ⁇ blade of a steam turbine is known, whose core is formed from a Fa ⁇ server composite material and on the surface thereof an erosion coating made of polyurethane is provided. It is also known from US 2003/0129061 Al that ei ⁇ ne additional cap is arranged at the front and / or rear edge of the blade on the erosion coating.
  • This protective cap is formed of titanium, since titanium has a greater permanence Erosionsbe- as the composite fiber material and the erosion ⁇ coating.
  • Such a protective cap made of titanium the blades of the steam turbine are expensive, in particular by the combination of the titanium cap and the Ero- sion coating. Furthermore, the weight of the blades through the protective cap made of titanium increases adversely. Furthermore, the effect of the erosion coating of polyurethane does not come under ⁇ half the titanium cap advantage.
  • the object is according to the first aspect of the invention by a turbine blade of a blade blading or a Leitbeschaufelung a turbine stage, in particular the turbine output stage, a steam turbine, wherein the turbine blade at least partially made of metal or fiber composite material, at least partially on the blade surface ⁇ and / or in the turbine blade is arranged a highly elastic elastomer coating and at least area ⁇ on the blade surface, in particular on the high elastic elastomer coating on the blade surface, a metallic coating is provided, wherein the metallic coating is a thin, energy-absorbing Metallbeschich- device solved.
  • Energy-absorbing metal coating in the sense of the patent application means that the metal coating is flexible, in particular easily deformable, and not rigid, as known from the prior art, is formed. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the metal coating is made thin. At the same time, the thin Metal working ⁇ coating is formed very stable and resistant to tearing due to their material, so that it does not crack during the impact of Wassertröpf ⁇ surfaces at high speed. That the thin, energy absorbing metal coating does not tear, is in particular the combination of the thin, energy absorbing metal coating with the highly elastic elastomer coating of the turbine blade, which sits in particular directly un ⁇ terrenz the thin, energy absorbing metal coating.
  • the highly elastic elastomer coating can completely surround the turbine blade.
  • the high ⁇ resilient elastomeric coating can clamped to the turbine blade forged or be shrunk onto the turbine blade.
  • the thin, energy absorbing metal coating insbeson ⁇ particular, the metal foil is made thinner than the high elastic Elasto ⁇ merbe slaughterung. This ensures that in case of impact of a particle, in particular a water droplet, the high damping property and the high elastic relaxation capacity of the elastic elastomer coating comes to full advantage, due to the thin, energy-absorbing metal coating, the elastic elastomer coating is not damaged. At the same time, the elastic elastomer coating ensures that the thin, energy-absorbing metal coating is not destroyed. Characterized in that the thin, energy absorbing Metallbeschich ⁇ tung is formed thinner than the highly elastic elastomer coating, the thin, energy absorbing metal ⁇ coating increases the weight of the turbine blade at most only insignificantly.
  • the adhesion promoter is particularly advantageous when adhering the thin, energy-absorbing metal coating to the highly elastic elastomer coating of the turbine blade.
  • the combination of coupling agent and adhesive improves the adhesion of the metal film on the highly elastic elastomer coating, in particular when exposed to a moisture ⁇ and temperature stress.
  • the adhesion promoter is in very thin layers on the
  • the thin, energy absorbing metal coating has a bond strength of more than 120N / cm 2 to the turbine blade, in particular the highly elastic elastomer coating, glued or to ⁇ is glued.
  • the thin, flexible energy-absorbing metal coating is formed from ⁇ .
  • the, arranged on the surface of the turbine blade, in particular glued, highly elastic elastomer coating has a Shore hardness of greater than 60, preferably more than 70.
  • the higher the Shore hardness the greater the hardness of the elastomer or the rubber, and the smaller the impinging water droplets ⁇ A penetration depth.
  • Particular preference is given to ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers having a Shore hardness of up to 90.
  • the size of about 100 ym to the turbine blade or on the disposed on the Oberflä ⁇ surface of the turbine blade combination of thin, energy absorbing metal coating, in particular tallfolie metal, and highly elastic elastomer coating, particularly at an impact velocity of the water droplets by up to 490 m / s or more is ensured by such a trained turbine blade that despite the high dynamic loads no microcracks in the thin, energy absorbing metal coating, in particular metal foil, and the elastomer coating and thus the Schau ⁇ felober Assembly are caused and this possibly further propagated by the sound waves upon impact of further drops of water.
  • the highly elastic elastomer coating of the turbine blade is preferably formed as a film. Therefore, ie particularly be ⁇ vorzugt a turbine blade, wherein the at least Wenig ⁇ a highly elastic elastomer coating in the form of a highly elastic elastomer film on the blade surface at ⁇ ordered or glued on.
  • the film can be the same thickness everywhere in order to realize the same material properties over the entire area of the turbine blade.
  • the Elastomerfo ⁇ lie may also be thicker at certain points, in particular the leading edge of the turbine blade, as in other places.
  • a thin, energy-absorbing metal coating, in particular metal foil, at the trailing edge may under certain circumstances also be expedient.
  • the outlet edge of the turbine blade is not endangered by erosion during normal operation of the steam turbine.
  • water is often injected into the steam turbine to prevent overheating. The water injection usually takes place at the outlet edge of the turbine blade.
  • ⁇ through there can be an erosion load also at the trailing edge of the turbine blade may.
  • a strig ⁇ ne, energy-absorbing metal coating, in particular Me ⁇ tallfolie, at the trailing edge may also adorn the Erosionsbean ⁇ spruchung or the Erosionsabtrag redu ⁇ here.
  • the object is achieved by a blading or Leitbeschaufelung a turbine stage, in particular a final stage blading egg ⁇ ner steam turbine, characterized in that the blading or the Leitbeschaufelung comprises a plurality of turbine blades, according to at least one embodiment according to formed in the first aspect of the invention.
  • a moving blading or guide vanes of a turbine stage of a steam turbine in which the turbine blades of the rotor blading or the guide vanes as a material of metal or a fiber composite material umfas ⁇ sen and in which is arranged at least region-wise at the blade ⁇ surface of the turbine blade at least one Tarelasti ⁇ specific elastomer coating, in particular is glued, and in which in addition to the highly elastic elastomer coating of the turbine blade a thin, energy-absorbing metal coating, in particular Metallfo ⁇ lie, arranged, in particular glued, is, are particularly durable.
  • Such Laufbeschaufelonneiere or Leitbeschaufe- lungs have, due to the highly elastic elastomer coating and additional thin, energy absorbing metal coating, in particular metal foil, a high droplet-fenschlagerosionsbe pretechnik and are particularly train ⁇ fixed.
  • the run blading or guide blading also has a high elastic relaxation capacity. Gleichzei ⁇ tig, the rotor blading or guide vanes due to the small thickness of the thin, energy absorbing Metal coating, in particular metal foil, are relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • Figure 3 shows another turbine blade, which is designed according to the inventions ⁇ inventive design principle that can be used in particular as Endgenlaufschaufei for a steam turbine.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 Elements with the same function and mode of operation are each provided in FIGS. 1 and 3 with the same reference numerals.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a schematic representation of a turbine blade 1, which is designed according to the construction principle according to the invention.
  • the turbine blade 1 can be for example a turbine blade of a rotor blading or guide vanes of a turbine stage, in particular the final stage of a turbine, in particular a steam turbine.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view through the turbine blade 1 shown in FIG.
  • the main body or the core 2 of the turbine blade 1 comprises as material a Faserver ⁇ composite material. This fiber composite material is formed from one or more prepregs. That at least one
  • a particular advantage of the thin, energy-absorbing metal foil 4 is that thereby the function of the highly elastic elastomer coating 3, which is below the thin, energy-absorbing metal foil 4, comes to full advantage. That is, by the combination of the thin, energy absorbing metal foil 4 with the highly elastic elastomer coating 3, the cushioning property of the highly elastic elastomer coating 3 comes to full advantage in the impact of water droplets. At the same time, the thin, energy-absorbing metal foil 4 ensures that the highly elastic elastomer coating 3 is not damaged by a drop impact erosion stress.
  • the thin, energy-absorbing metal foil 4 serves as a protective layer for the highly elastic elastomer coating 3, without diminishing its damping properties.
  • Power stage rotor can be used for a steam turbine.
  • the turbine blade 1 is formed from a fiber composite material.
  • several layers of fiber mats are arranged one above the other.
  • the mats are superimposed in such a way that the main fiber direction is aligned in accordance with the main stress direction of the turbine blade 1.
  • Fiber material is in particular glass fiber or carbon fiber.
  • the fiber mats are embedded in a matrix.
  • the matrix consists of preference ⁇ example of a synthetic resin and ensures a connection of the fiber mats with each other. However, the matrix can not absorb high tensile forces.
  • turbine blades of fiber composite material are very SENS ⁇ tive to drop impact erosion
  • the turbine blade 1 at certain high stress areas, namely at the leading edge 6 and at the trailing edge 7 of the turbo 1, and on the highly elastic elastomer coating 3 additionally a thin, energy-absorbing metal coating 4.
  • the leading edge 6 is most at risk of erosion, since the drops of water essentially strike here.
  • the thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 is mounted in the embodiment only in the upper half of the entrance ⁇ edge 6. In this region of the leading edge 6, there is the greatest erosion stress, since during operation of the steam turbine, the largest circumferential speeds occur here.
  • the thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 is attached to the blade contour of the turbine blade 1, that a smooth transition without edges between the thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 and the door ⁇ binenschaufel 1 yields.
  • the thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 is to be formed of hard metal, titanium or ceramic before ⁇ preferably.
  • the high hardness of these materials ensures a high erosion ⁇ resistance and thus for a long life of the thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 and thus the turbine blade 1.
  • the turbine blade 1 additionally has a second thin, energy absorbing metal coating 4 at the exit ⁇ edge 7 of the turbine blade 1 on. In normal operation, the trailing edge 7 is not susceptible to erosion, since there is no drop impact here.
  • the erosion protection component 2 at the outlet edge 7 of the turbine blade 1 is provided for the Ventila ⁇ tion operation. In the ventilation mode of Dampftur ⁇ bine, in order to avoid overheating, water sprayed from behind against the turbine blade.
  • the turbine blade made of fiber composite material can also be used in the wet steam region of a steam turbine. This is so far not possible with turbine blades made of fiber composite material.
  • the weight of the turbine blade can be significantly reduced.
  • the Reduzie ⁇ tion of the weight of the turbine blade causes the centrifugal force of the turbine blade can be reduced especially in the sensitive area of the blade root or that at the same tensile stress, the blade length and thus the outflow of the exhaust steam can be increased.
  • An increase in the cross section of the exhaust steam housing and an increase in the speed of the turbine lead to an increased efficiency of the steam turbine.
  • the turbine blades 1 described in FIGS. 1-3 are made entirely of fiber composite material. It is also conceivable, however, a construction in which only a portion of fiber composite material is made. So could beispielswei- se the blade made of fiber composite material and the show ⁇ felfuß be made of steel or titanium.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une aube (1) d'un aubage mobile ou d'un aubage directeur d'un étage, notamment d'un étage final, d'une turbine à vapeur. Selon l'invention : l'aube (1) est constituée au moins par zones de métal ou de matériau composite renforcé par fibres; un revêtement élastomère (3) à élasticité élevée est disposée au moins par zones à la surface de l'aube et/ou dans l'aube (1); et une pellicule métallique (4) est disposée au moins par zones à la surface de l'aube, de préférence sur le revêtement élastomère (3) à élasticité élevée recouvrant la surface de l'aube, la pellicule métallique (4) étant un fin revêtement métallique qui absorbe l'énergie. L'invention a également pour objet un aubage mobile ou un aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine, notamment un aubage d'étage final, d'une turbine à vapeur, se caractérisant en ce que l'aubage mobile ou l'aubage directeur comprend une pluralité d'aubes (1) conçues comme décrit ci-dessus.
EP10775773A 2009-10-28 2010-10-28 Aube d'un étage de turbine à vapeur et aubage mobile ou aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine à vapeur Withdrawn EP2494153A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009051135A DE102009051135A1 (de) 2009-10-28 2009-10-28 Schaufel, Laufbeschaufelung oder Leitbeschaufelung einer Turbine sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung zumindest einer Schaufel einer Turbine
DE102009051005 2009-10-28
PCT/EP2010/066299 WO2011051362A2 (fr) 2009-10-28 2010-10-28 Aube d'un étage de turbine à vapeur et aubage mobile ou aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine à vapeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2494153A2 true EP2494153A2 (fr) 2012-09-05

Family

ID=43922672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10775773A Withdrawn EP2494153A2 (fr) 2009-10-28 2010-10-28 Aube d'un étage de turbine à vapeur et aubage mobile ou aubage directeur d'un étage de turbine à vapeur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2494153A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011051362A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012038217A1 (fr) * 2010-09-21 2012-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aube de turbine pourvue d'une couche céramique de protection contre l'érosion et destinée à un étage basse pression d'une turbine à vapeur
WO2012113623A1 (fr) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aube de turbine ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'une aube de turbine
DE102011079327A1 (de) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbinenschaufel aus Faserverbundwerkstoff
DE102012213596A1 (de) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaufel, Laufbeschaufelung oder Leitbeschaufelung einer Turbine sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung zumindest einer Schaufel einer Turbine
JP6735299B2 (ja) * 2018-03-09 2020-08-05 三菱重工業株式会社 複合材翼、前縁金属カバー形成ユニット、複合材翼の製造方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5141400A (en) * 1991-01-25 1992-08-25 General Electric Company Wide chord fan blade
US5876651A (en) * 1996-05-29 1999-03-02 United Technologies Corporation Method for forming a composite structure
US5931641A (en) * 1997-04-25 1999-08-03 General Electric Company Steam turbine blade having areas of different densities
US6607358B2 (en) 2002-01-08 2003-08-19 General Electric Company Multi-component hybrid turbine blade

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011051362A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011051362A2 (fr) 2011-05-05
WO2011051362A3 (fr) 2012-01-12

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