EP2488698B1 - Prestressed concrete sleeper and method for transporting and installing a switch having prestressed concrete sleepers - Google Patents

Prestressed concrete sleeper and method for transporting and installing a switch having prestressed concrete sleepers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2488698B1
EP2488698B1 EP10776296.5A EP10776296A EP2488698B1 EP 2488698 B1 EP2488698 B1 EP 2488698B1 EP 10776296 A EP10776296 A EP 10776296A EP 2488698 B1 EP2488698 B1 EP 2488698B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeper
concrete
prestressed concrete
strength
switch
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EP10776296.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2488698A1 (en
Inventor
Frithjof Schimpff
Hans-Dieter MÜLLER
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DB Netz AG
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DB Netz AG
Rail One GmbH
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Publication of EP2488698A1 publication Critical patent/EP2488698A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/32—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement
    • E01B3/34—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone with armouring or reinforcement with pre-tensioned armouring or reinforcement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/22—Special sleepers for switches or crossings; Fastening means therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prestressed concrete sleeper, with at least two threshold sections, which can be coupled or coupled rigidly by means of a connecting device embedded in the sleeper heads.
  • turnouts were installed at the intended location from separately supplied concrete sleepers, rails and switch stands. Because turnouts are completely pre-assembled for control due to the required high accuracy in the factory, this procedure is particularly labor-intensive. It has therefore already been proposed to transport pre-assembled switches in the preassembled state to the site and install. However, such switches exceed the size of the available wagons, so that one has gone over to share pre-assembled switches to be able to transport them. At the installation site, the assembly and installation of the switch then takes place.
  • EP 1 026 321 A1 is a steel connection device for railway sleepers known, with the prefabricated prestressed concrete threshold parts subsequently bending, tension and shear-resistant to threshold units are connected, so that the switch during installation is just and scheduled to install.
  • steel connecting devices are embedded which protrude from the end face of the sleeper sections and open into webs which can be screwed by means of screw connections.
  • An alternative rigid connection device for concrete sleepers is from the EP 1 908 880 A1 known. There it is proposed to clamp on both sides of the butt joint steel head plates against the end faces of the concrete and to connect via steel clamps.
  • connecting devices have the disadvantage that they are relatively complicated and therefore expensive, so that it is questionable whether their use is economical.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a prestressed concrete sleeper, which is able to safely absorb the loads occurring in the coupling of two threshold sections.
  • the threshold sections each consist in the adjoining the connecting device area of a concrete having a higher strength than the concrete in the remaining area.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the required better mechanical properties of the prestressed concrete sleeper can also be achieved by the choice of a concrete with improved properties, in contrast to, for example, the use of further reinforcing steel or the like.
  • the invention provides that in this area a concrete with higher strength is used, which compensates for the insufficient bias.
  • the use of the concrete of higher strength is thereby limited to the area adjacent to the connecting device, after which a conventional concrete can be used.
  • the concrete having the higher strength is high-strength or ultrahigh-strength concrete (UHPC / UHFB).
  • UHPC / UHFB ultrahigh-strength concrete
  • Such concretes not only have high compressive strengths, but also high tensile strengths, so that ultra-high-strength concrete in the present Case is particularly well suited to compensate for the lack of bias.
  • the ultra-high-strength concrete used in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention may have a tensile strength of at least 10 MPa, preferably at least 20 MPa.
  • a further increase in tensile strength can be achieved if the high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete has fibers in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention.
  • steel fibers, synthetic fibers, glass fibers or carbon fibers come into consideration as fibers.
  • the various fibers mentioned may also be used in different compositions in combination.
  • the concrete having the higher strength of the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention is polymer concrete.
  • Polymer concrete which is also referred to as resin-bonded concrete, also has a high tensile strength compared to normal concrete, so that when using polymer concrete, the loads occurring in the range of a connection device of the prestressed concrete threshold can be included, although the bias in this area below the Setpoint is.
  • a further reinforcement can be obtained in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention by arranging in each case at least one bracket made of reinforcing steel in the sleeper heads. Through this bracket, the sustainable forces and moments can be further increased, so that even in the critical coupling region between two threshold sections, the required carrying capabilities are achieved.
  • the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention is particularly suitable as a turnout sleeper, since the transport of pre-assembled turnouts can be simplified by turning the turnouts up or down.
  • the connecting device of the prestressed concrete sleeper is therefore preferably designed as a screw connection, so that the screws for lifting or folding solved or can be removed. After loosening the screw connection, the loosened screw connection acts as a joint, which makes it possible to fold it over.
  • a removable transport joint is attached or is to fold over the threshold sections. After folding down by about 180 °, the prestressed concrete sleeper can be transported to the intended installation site with a conventional freight wagon.
  • the invention relates to a method for transport and installation of a switch with prestressed concrete sleepers of the type described.
  • pre-assembly of the prestressed concrete sleepers with rails to a switch loosening a part of the screws in the connecting device, folding over the moving part of the switch, loading and moving the switch to the installation site, folding over the movable part of the switch back to the starting position, mounting and tightening the screws and mounting the rails.
  • Fig. 1 shows in a plan view of a prestressed concrete sleeper 1 with threshold sections 2, 3, which are rigidly coupled by means of a embedded in the threshold heads 4, 5 connecting device 6.
  • Each threshold section 2, 3 has a plurality of tension wires 7, by which the threshold sections 2, 3 are acted upon by a biasing force in the form of a compressive force.
  • the welded steel connecting device 6 comprises in the illustrated embodiment in each case four steel bars 9, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the prestressed concrete sleeper 1 and welded to a top plate 10.
  • the top plate 10 is flush with the outside of the threshold section 2, 3 from.
  • On the outside of the head plate 10 is a welded web 11, through the through hole 12, a fastening screw 13 can be inserted.
  • the web 14 has two through holes 12.
  • the embedded in the threshold section 2 head plate 16 is symmetrical constructed, only the position of the web 14 is moved accordingly. After tightening the mounting screw 13 against a nut 15, the threshold sections 2, 3 of the prestressed concrete sleeper 1 are rigidly coupled together.
  • Fig. 3 is a section along the line III - III in Fig. 2 and shows the position of the tension wires 7 and the steel bars 9.
  • this drawing is to be understood only by way of example, the number and the position of the tension wires and the steel wires is selected depending on the desired application purpose.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the coupling region of two threshold sections 2, 3 of a prestressed concrete sleeper 19. For reasons of clarity are in Fig. 4 no tension wires shown.
  • the threshold sections 2, 3 consist of a high-strength or ultra high-strength concrete 17, which has a higher strength than the concrete 18 in the remaining area, which is a standard concrete.
  • the high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete 17 is reinforced with steel fibers.
  • the prestressed concrete sleeper 17 Due to the high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete 17, the prestressed concrete sleeper 17 has a sufficient strength in this area, so that the loads occurring are safely endured can.
  • the in Fig. 4 shown ultra-high strength concrete 17 has a tensile strength of 20 MPa.
  • Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a prestressed concrete sleeper 23 in the region of the coupling of two threshold sections 20, 21.
  • the basic structure corresponds to that of the in Fig. 4
  • the embodiment shown in FIG Fig. 5 shown prestressed concrete sleeper, the connecting device 6.
  • the threshold sections 20, 21 in the area adjoining the connecting device 6 are made of polymer concrete 22.
  • the prestressed concrete sleeper 23 consists of normal concrete 18.
  • the prestressed concrete sleepers are pre-assembled with rails to form a switch.
  • sections of the switch that exceed this space folded.
  • the rail of a protruding part is at least partially removed and transported separately.
  • the coupled thresholds of this area are raised after removing and loosening screw connections, wherein the screw connection forms the axis of rotation, so that they can be folded up and transported on normal wagons.
  • the folded-up sections of the switch sleepers are folded back into the desired position, the removed screws are reinstalled, all screws are tightened, so that the respective threshold sections are again rigidly connected to each other.
  • the rail removed for transport is reinstalled. This procedure ensures that the geometry of the turnout made in the sleeper is also present after installation.
  • a prestressed concrete sleeper is shown, to which a removable transporting joint 24 is attached in order to fold over the threshold sections 2, 3 and to transport the concrete sleeper in the folded-over state.
  • the transport joint 24 is with its hinge portions 25, 26 attached to the top of the threshold sections 2, 3 to be coupled.
  • the fastening screws for the web between the threshold sections 2, 3 are removed.
  • the shorter of the two threshold sections is tilted by 180 °, without requiring a release of the rail is required.
  • the prestressed concrete sleeper can be transported on a normal freight wagon.
  • the folded-over threshold section is folded back and the threshold sections are connected to one another again via the webs by means of through-bolts. Subsequently, the transport joint 24 is dismantled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Spannbetonschwelle, mit wenigstens zwei Schwellenabschnitten, die mittels einer in den Schwellenköpfen eingebetteten Verbindungsvorrichtung biegesteif koppelbar oder gekoppelt sind.The invention relates to a prestressed concrete sleeper, with at least two threshold sections, which can be coupled or coupled rigidly by means of a connecting device embedded in the sleeper heads.

In der Vergangenheit wurden Weichen am vorgesehenen Einbauort aus separat angelieferten Betonschwellen, Schienen und Weichengestängen montiert. Da Weichen wegen der geforderten hohen Genauigkeit im Herstellerwerk zur Kontrolle komplett vormontiert werden, ist diese Vorgehensweise besonders arbeitsaufwendig. Es wurde daher bereits vorgeschlagen, vormontierte Weichen im vormontierten Zustand zur Baustelle zu transportieren und einzubauen. Allerdings überschreiten derartige Weichen die Größe der zur Verfügung stehenden Waggons, so dass man dazu übergegangen ist, vormontierte Weichen zu teilen, um sie transportieren zu können. Am Einbauort erfolgt anschließend der Zusammenbau und Einbau der Weiche.In the past, turnouts were installed at the intended location from separately supplied concrete sleepers, rails and switch stands. Because turnouts are completely pre-assembled for control due to the required high accuracy in the factory, this procedure is particularly labor-intensive. It has therefore already been proposed to transport pre-assembled switches in the preassembled state to the site and install. However, such switches exceed the size of the available wagons, so that one has gone over to share pre-assembled switches to be able to transport them. At the installation site, the assembly and installation of the switch then takes place.

Aus der EP 1 026 321 A1 ist eine stählerne Verbindungsvorrichtung für Eisenbahnschwellen bekannt, mit der vorgefertigte Spannbeton-Schwellenteile nachträglich biege-, zug- und schubfest zu Schwelleneinheiten verbindbar sind, so dass die Weiche bei der Montage eben und planmäßig einbaubar ist. Im Bereich der Schwellenköpfe der einzelnen Schwellenabschnitte einer Spannbetonschwelle sind stählerne Verbindungsvorrichtungen eingebettet, die an der Stirnseite der Schwellenabschnitte herausstehen und in Stegen münden, die mittels Schraubverbindungen verschraubbar sind.From the EP 1 026 321 A1 is a steel connection device for railway sleepers known, with the prefabricated prestressed concrete threshold parts subsequently bending, tension and shear-resistant to threshold units are connected, so that the switch during installation is just and scheduled to install. In the area of the threshold heads of the individual threshold sections of a prestressed concrete sleeper, steel connecting devices are embedded which protrude from the end face of the sleeper sections and open into webs which can be screwed by means of screw connections.

Eine alternative biegesteife Verbindungsvorrichtung für Betonschwellen ist aus der EP 1 908 880 A1 bekannt. Dort wird vorgeschlagen, beidseits der Stoßfuge stählerne Kopfplatten gegen die Stirnflächen des Betons zu verspannen und über Stahlklemmen zu verbinden. Derartige Verbindungsvorrichtungen weisen allerdings den Nachteil auf, dass sie verhältnismäßig kompliziert und dadurch kostenintensiv sind, so dass es fraglich ist, ob deren Einsatz wirtschaftlich ist.An alternative rigid connection device for concrete sleepers is from the EP 1 908 880 A1 known. There it is proposed to clamp on both sides of the butt joint steel head plates against the end faces of the concrete and to connect via steel clamps. However, such connecting devices have the disadvantage that they are relatively complicated and therefore expensive, so that it is questionable whether their use is economical.

Darüber hinaus wurde bei Versuchen festgestellt, dass der Kopplungsbereich zwischen zwei Schwellenabschnitten, in dem sich die eingebetteten Verbindungsvorrichtungen befinden, eine potentielle Schwachstelle ist. Dies wird darauf zurückgeführt, dass die Vorspannung, die durch vorgespannte Spanndrähte erzeugt wird, ausgehend von den Schwellenköpfen lediglich allmählich aufgebaut wird. Die Vorspannkraft ist somit in der Nähe eines Schwellenkopfes gering und erreicht erst in einiger Entfernung von der Verbindungsvorrichtung das geforderte Niveau.In addition, it has been found in experiments that the coupling area between two threshold sections in which the embedded connection devices are located is a potential weak point. This is attributed to the fact that the bias generated by prestressed tension wires is built up gradually from the sleeper heads. The biasing force is thus low in the vicinity of a sleeper head and reaches only at some distance from the connecting device the required level.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Spannbetonschwelle anzugeben, die in der Lage ist, die auftretenden Lasten auch im Bereich der Kopplung zweier Schwellenabschnitte sicher aufzunehmen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a prestressed concrete sleeper, which is able to safely absorb the loads occurring in the coupling of two threshold sections.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einer Spannbetonschwelle der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Schwellenabschnitte jeweils in dem an die Verbindungsvorrichtung angrenzenden Bereich aus einem Beton bestehen, der eine höhere Festigkeit als der Beton in dem übrigen Bereich aufweist.To solve this problem is provided according to the invention in a prestressed concrete sleeper of the type mentioned that the threshold sections each consist in the adjoining the connecting device area of a concrete having a higher strength than the concrete in the remaining area.

Anders als bei herkömmlichen Spannbetonschwellen liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die erforderlichen besseren mechanischen Eigenschaften der Spannbetonschwelle auch durch die Wahl eines Betons mit verbesserten Eigenschaften erzielt werden können, im Gegensatz beispielsweise zur Verwendung weiterer Betonstähle oder dergleichen. Die Erfindung sieht hingegen vor, dass in diesem Bereich ein Beton mit höherer Festigkeit verwendet wird, der die unzureichende Vorspannung kompensiert. Der Einsatz des Betons mit höherer Festigkeit wird dabei auf den an die Verbindungsvorrichtung angrenzenden Bereich begrenzt, im Anschluss daran kann ein herkömmlicher Beton verwendet werden.Unlike conventional prestressed concrete sleepers, the invention is based on the finding that the required better mechanical properties of the prestressed concrete sleeper can also be achieved by the choice of a concrete with improved properties, in contrast to, for example, the use of further reinforcing steel or the like. By contrast, the invention provides that in this area a concrete with higher strength is used, which compensates for the insufficient bias. The use of the concrete of higher strength is thereby limited to the area adjacent to the connecting device, after which a conventional concrete can be used.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle wird es besonders bevorzugt, dass der die höhere Festigkeit aufweisende Beton hochfester oder ultrahochfester Beton (UHPC/UHFB) ist. Derartige Betone weisen nicht nur hohe Druckfestigkeiten, sondern auch hohe Zugfestigkeiten auf, so dass ultrahochfester Beton im vorliegenden Fall besonders gut geeignet ist, um die fehlende Vorspannung auszugleichen. Der bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle verwendete ultrahochfeste Beton kann eine Zugfestigkeit von wenigstens 10 MPa, vorzugsweise wenigstens 20 MPa, aufweisen.In the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the concrete having the higher strength is high-strength or ultrahigh-strength concrete (UHPC / UHFB). Such concretes not only have high compressive strengths, but also high tensile strengths, so that ultra-high-strength concrete in the present Case is particularly well suited to compensate for the lack of bias. The ultra-high-strength concrete used in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention may have a tensile strength of at least 10 MPa, preferably at least 20 MPa.

Eine weitere Steigerung der Zugfestigkeit kann erzielt werden, wenn der hochfeste oder ultrahochfeste Beton bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle Fasern aufweist. Als Fasern kommen insbesondere Stahlfasern, Kunststofffasern, Glasfasern oder Kohlenstofffasern in betracht. Die verschiedenen erwähnten Fasern können auch in unterschiedlichen Zusammensetzungen in Kombination miteinander eingesetzt werden.A further increase in tensile strength can be achieved if the high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete has fibers in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention. In particular, steel fibers, synthetic fibers, glass fibers or carbon fibers come into consideration as fibers. The various fibers mentioned may also be used in different compositions in combination.

Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der die höhere Festigkeit aufweisende Beton der erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle Polymerbeton ist. Polymerbeton, der auch als kunstharzgebundener Beton bezeichnet wird, weist ebenfalls eine hohe Zugfestigkeit im Vergleich zu normalem Beton auf, so dass bei der Verwendung von Polymerbeton die auftretenden Lasten im Bereich einer Verbindungsvorrichtung der Spannbetonschwelle aufgenommen werden können, obwohl die Vorspannung in diesem Bereich unterhalb des Sollwerts liegt.It is also within the scope of the invention that the concrete having the higher strength of the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention is polymer concrete. Polymer concrete, which is also referred to as resin-bonded concrete, also has a high tensile strength compared to normal concrete, so that when using polymer concrete, the loads occurring in the range of a connection device of the prestressed concrete threshold can be included, although the bias in this area below the Setpoint is.

Eine weitere Verstärkung kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle erhalten werden, indem in den Schwellenköpfen jeweils wenigstens ein Bügel aus Betonstahl angeordnet ist. Durch diesen Bügel können die ertragbaren Kräfte und Momente weiter erhöht werden, so dass auch in dem kritischen Kopplungsbereich zwischen zwei Schwellenabschnitten die benötigten Tragefähigkeiten erreicht werden.A further reinforcement can be obtained in the prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention by arranging in each case at least one bracket made of reinforcing steel in the sleeper heads. Through this bracket, the sustainable forces and moments can be further increased, so that even in the critical coupling region between two threshold sections, the required carrying capabilities are achieved.

Die erfindungsgemäße Spannbetonschwelle eignet sich insbesondere als Weichenschwelle, da der Transport vormontierter Weichen vereinfacht werden kann, indem die Weichen hoch- oder umgeklappt werden. Die Verbindungsvorrichtung der Spannbetonschwelle ist daher vorzugsweise als Schraubverbindung ausgebildet, so dass die Schrauben zum Hoch- oder Umklappen gelöst beziehungsweise entfernt werden können. Nach dem Lösen der Verschraubung wirkt die gelockerte Schraubverbindung als Gelenk, wodurch das Umklappen ermöglicht wird.The prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention is particularly suitable as a turnout sleeper, since the transport of pre-assembled turnouts can be simplified by turning the turnouts up or down. The connecting device of the prestressed concrete sleeper is therefore preferably designed as a screw connection, so that the screws for lifting or folding solved or can be removed. After loosening the screw connection, the loosened screw connection acts as a joint, which makes it possible to fold it over.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass im Bereich der Verbindungsvorrichtung ein demontierbares Transportgelenk angebracht wird oder ist, um die Schwellenabschnitte umzuklappen. Nach dem Umklappen um etwa 180° kann die Spannbetonschwelle mit einem herkömmlichen Güterwagen an den vorgesehenen Einbauort transportiert werden.In the context of the invention it can also be provided that in the region of the connecting device a removable transport joint is attached or is to fold over the threshold sections. After folding down by about 180 °, the prestressed concrete sleeper can be transported to the intended installation site with a conventional freight wagon.

Daneben betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Transport und Einbau einer Weiche mit Spannbetonschwellen der geschilderten Art.In addition, the invention relates to a method for transport and installation of a switch with prestressed concrete sleepers of the type described.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren sind die folgenden Schritte vorgesehen: Vormontage der Spannbetonschwellen mit Schienen zu einer Weiche, Lösen eines Teils der Schrauben in der Verbindungsvorrichtung, Umklappen des beweglichen Teils der Weiche, Verladen und Transport der Weiche an den Einbauort, Umklappen des beweglichen Teils der Weiche zurück in die Ausgangslage, Montieren und Festziehen der Schrauben und Montage der Schienen.In the method according to the invention the following steps are provided: pre-assembly of the prestressed concrete sleepers with rails to a switch, loosening a part of the screws in the connecting device, folding over the moving part of the switch, loading and moving the switch to the installation site, folding over the movable part of the switch back to the starting position, mounting and tightening the screws and mounting the rails.

Vorzugsweise werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren alle Schrauben der Verbindungsvorrichtung entfernt und es wird ein demontierbares Tränsportgelenk angebracht, um die Schwellenabschnitte umzuklappen.Preferably, in the method according to the invention, all the screws of the connecting device are removed and a removable Tränsportgelenk is attached to fold over the threshold sections.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. Die Zeichnungen sind schematische Darstellungen und zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle im Bereich der Kopplung zweier Schwellenabschnitte in einer Draufsicht;
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Spannbetonschwelle entlang der Linie II - II geschnitten;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Spannbetonschwelle entlang der Linie III - III geschnitten;
Fig. 4
einen Ausschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 5
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Spannbetonschwelle in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 6
eine erfindungsgemäße Spannbetonschwelle mit einem Transportgelenk; und
Fig. 7
die Spannbetonschwelle von Fig. 6 in zurückgeklappter Position.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be described by means of embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and show:
Fig. 1
an enlarged section of a prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention in the region of the coupling of two threshold sections in a plan view;
Fig. 2
a side view of in Fig. 1 shown prestressed concrete sleeper along the line II - II cut;
Fig. 3
a section through the in Fig. 2 shown prestressed concrete sleeper along the line III - III cut;
Fig. 4
a section of a prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention in a side view;
Fig. 5
a further embodiment of a prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention in a side view;
Fig. 6
a prestressed concrete sleeper according to the invention with a transport joint; and
Fig. 7
the prestressed concrete sleepers of Fig. 6 in folded back position.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer Draufsicht eine Spannbetonschwelle 1 mit Schwellenabschnitten 2, 3, die mittels einer in den Schwellenköpfen 4, 5 eingebetteten Verbindungsvorrichtung 6 biegesteif gekoppelt sind. Fig. 1 shows in a plan view of a prestressed concrete sleeper 1 with threshold sections 2, 3, which are rigidly coupled by means of a embedded in the threshold heads 4, 5 connecting device 6.

Jeder Schwellenabschnitt 2, 3 weist eine Mehrzahl von Spanndrähten 7 auf, durch die die Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 mit einer Vorspannkraft in Form einer Druckkraft beaufschlagt werden. Die Montage der Schienen erfolgt über Durchgangslöcher, von denen zur Vereinfachung lediglich ein Durchgangsloch 8 in dem Schwellenabschnitt 3 gezeigt ist.Each threshold section 2, 3 has a plurality of tension wires 7, by which the threshold sections 2, 3 are acted upon by a biasing force in the form of a compressive force. The mounting of the rails via through holes, of which only a through hole 8 in the threshold section 3 is shown for simplicity.

Die geschweißte, stählerne Verbindungsvorrichtung 6 umfasst in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils vier Stahlstäbe 9, die in Längsrichtung der Spannbetonschwelle 1 angeordnet und an eine Kopfplatte 10 geschweißt sind. Die Kopfplatte 10 schließt bündig mit der Außenseite des Schwellenabschnitts 2, 3 ab. An der Außenseite der Kopfplatte 10 befindet sich ein angeschweißter Steg 11, durch deren Durchgangsloch 12 eine Befestigungsschraube 13 gesteckt werden kann. Wie am besten in Fig. 2 zu sehen ist, weist der Steg 14 zwei Durchgangslöcher 12 auf. Die in den Schwellenabschnitt 2 eingebettete Kopfplatte 16 ist symmetrisch aufgebaut, lediglich die Position des Stegs 14 ist entsprechend verschoben. Nach dem Anziehen der Befestigungsschraube 13 gegen eine Mutter 15 sind die Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 der Spannbetonschwelle 1 biegesteif miteinander gekoppelt. Wenn die durch die Befestigungsschraube 13 und die Mutter 15 gebildete Schraubverbindung gelockert wird, entsteht ein Gelenk mit der Längsachse der Befestigungsschraube 13 als Drehachse, um die die Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 schwenkbar sind, so dass die Spannbetonschwelle 1 ganz oder teilweise um- oder hochgeklappt werden kann, um ihren Transport zu vereinfachen.The welded steel connecting device 6 comprises in the illustrated embodiment in each case four steel bars 9, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the prestressed concrete sleeper 1 and welded to a top plate 10. The top plate 10 is flush with the outside of the threshold section 2, 3 from. On the outside of the head plate 10 is a welded web 11, through the through hole 12, a fastening screw 13 can be inserted. How best in Fig. 2 can be seen, the web 14 has two through holes 12. The embedded in the threshold section 2 head plate 16 is symmetrical constructed, only the position of the web 14 is moved accordingly. After tightening the mounting screw 13 against a nut 15, the threshold sections 2, 3 of the prestressed concrete sleeper 1 are rigidly coupled together. When the screw connection formed by the fastening screw 13 and the nut 15 is loosened, a joint is formed with the longitudinal axis of the fastening screw 13 as an axis of rotation about which the threshold sections 2, 3 are pivotable so that the prestressed concrete sleeper 1 is completely or partially folded over or folded up can to simplify their transport.

In der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Seitenansicht sieht man, dass der vordere Steg 14, der an die linke Kopfplatte 16 angeschweißt ist, nahezu flächig an der in Fig. 2 rechten Kopfplatte 10 anliegt, wodurch die biegesteife Kopplung der Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 erzielt wird.In the in Fig. 2 shown side view that the front web 14, which is welded to the left head plate 16, almost flat on the in Fig. 2 right head plate 10 is applied, whereby the rigid coupling of the threshold sections 2, 3 is achieved.

Fig. 3 ist ein Schnitt entlang der Linie III - III in Fig. 2 und zeigt die Position der Spanndrähte 7 und der Stahlstäbe 9. Diese Zeichnung ist jedoch lediglich beispielhaft zu verstehen, die Anzahl und die Position der Spanndrähte und der Stahldrähte wird jeweils in Abhängigkeit des gewünschten Einsatzzwecks gewählt. Fig. 3 is a section along the line III - III in Fig. 2 and shows the position of the tension wires 7 and the steel bars 9. However, this drawing is to be understood only by way of example, the number and the position of the tension wires and the steel wires is selected depending on the desired application purpose.

Fig. 4 zeigt schematisch den Kopplungsbereich zweier Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 einer Spannbetonschwelle 19. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit sind in Fig. 4 keine Spanndrähte gezeigt. Im Bereich der Verbindungsvorrichtung 6 und in einem festgelegten Bereich darüber hinaus bestehen die Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 aus einem hochfesten oder ultrahochfesten Beton 17, der eine höhere Festigkeit aufweist als der Beton 18 in dem übrigen Bereich, bei dem es sich um einen Standardbeton handelt. Der hochfeste oder ultrahochfeste Beton 17 ist mit Stahlfasern bewehrt. Durch den hochfesten oder ultrahochfesten Beton 17 wird die verringerte Zugfestigkeit ausgeglichen, die im Bereich der Schwellenköpfe herrscht, da dort die durch die Spanndrähte hervorgerufene Vorspannung noch nicht oder noch nicht in ausreichendem Maße vorhanden ist. Durch den hochfesten oder ultrahochfesten Beton 17 weist die Spannbetonschwelle 17 in diesem Bereich eine ausreichende Festigkeit auf, so dass die auftretenden Lasten sicher ertragen werden können. Der in Fig. 4 gezeigte ultrahochfeste Beton 17 weist eine Zugfestigkeit von 20 MPa auf. Fig. 4 schematically shows the coupling region of two threshold sections 2, 3 of a prestressed concrete sleeper 19. For reasons of clarity are in Fig. 4 no tension wires shown. Moreover, in the area of the connecting device 6 and in a fixed area, the threshold sections 2, 3 consist of a high-strength or ultra high-strength concrete 17, which has a higher strength than the concrete 18 in the remaining area, which is a standard concrete. The high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete 17 is reinforced with steel fibers. By the high-strength or ultra-high strength concrete 17, the reduced tensile strength prevails, which prevails in the region of the threshold heads, since there the tension caused by the tension wires bias is not or not yet sufficiently available. Due to the high-strength or ultra-high-strength concrete 17, the prestressed concrete sleeper 17 has a sufficient strength in this area, so that the loads occurring are safely endured can. The in Fig. 4 shown ultra-high strength concrete 17 has a tensile strength of 20 MPa.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Spannbetonschwelle 23 im Bereich der Kopplung zweier Schwellenabschnitte 20, 21. Der grundsätzliche Aufbau entspricht demjenigen des in Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels, insbesondere weist auch die in Fig. 5 gezeigte Spannbetonschwelle die Verbindungsvorrichtung 6 auf. Anders als in den vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispielen bestehen die Schwellenabschnitte 20, 21 in dem an die Verbindungsvorrichtung 6 angrenzenden Bereich aus Polymerbeton 22. Im Anschluss an den Polymerbeton 22 besteht die Spannbetonschwelle 23 aus normalen Beton 18. Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a prestressed concrete sleeper 23 in the region of the coupling of two threshold sections 20, 21. The basic structure corresponds to that of the in Fig. 4 In particular, the embodiment shown in FIG Fig. 5 shown prestressed concrete sleeper, the connecting device 6. Unlike in the previous embodiments, the threshold sections 20, 21 in the area adjoining the connecting device 6 are made of polymer concrete 22. Subsequent to the polymer concrete 22, the prestressed concrete sleeper 23 consists of normal concrete 18.

Im Weichenwerk werden die Spannbetonschwellen mit Schienen zu einer Weiche vormontiert. Um den zur Verfügung stehenden Transportraum bei Transportwaggons einzuhalten, werden Abschnitte der Weiche, die diesen Raum überschreiten, umgeklappt. Dazu wird die Schiene eines überstehenden Teils zumindest teilweise wieder entfernt und separat transportiert. Die angekoppelten Schwellen dieses Bereichs werden nach dem Entfernen und Lockern von Verschraubungen angehoben, wobei die Verschraubung die Drehachse bildet, so dass sie hochgeklappt und auf normalen Waggons transportiert werden können. An der Einbaustelle der Weiche werden die hochgeklappten Abschnitte der Weichenschwellen wieder in die Solllage zurückgeklappte, die entfernten Schrauben werden wieder eingebaut, sämtliche Schrauben angezogen, so dass die jeweiligen Schwellenabschnitte wieder biegesteif miteinander verbunden sind. Die für den Transport entfernte Schiene wird wieder montiert. Durch diese Vorgehensweise ist sichergestellt, dass die im Schwellenwerk hergestellte Geometrie der Weiche auch nach dem Einbau vorliegt.In the switchyard, the prestressed concrete sleepers are pre-assembled with rails to form a switch. In order to comply with the available transport space in transport wagons, sections of the switch that exceed this space, folded. For this purpose, the rail of a protruding part is at least partially removed and transported separately. The coupled thresholds of this area are raised after removing and loosening screw connections, wherein the screw connection forms the axis of rotation, so that they can be folded up and transported on normal wagons. At the installation point of the switch, the folded-up sections of the switch sleepers are folded back into the desired position, the removed screws are reinstalled, all screws are tightened, so that the respective threshold sections are again rigidly connected to each other. The rail removed for transport is reinstalled. This procedure ensures that the geometry of the turnout made in the sleeper is also present after installation.

In den Fig. 6 und 7 ist eine Spannbetonschwelle gezeigt, an der ein demontierbares Transportgelenk 24 angebracht ist, um die Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 umzuklappen und die Betonschwelle im umgeklappten Zustand zu transportieren. Aus Gründen der besseren Übersichtlichkeit sind in den Fig. 6 und 7 nur die wesentlichen Komponenten dargestellt. Das Transportgelenk 24 wird mit seinen Gelenkabschnitten 25, 26 an der Oberseite der zu koppelnden Schwellenabschnitte 2, 3 befestigt. Zum Transport werden die Befestigungsschrauben für den Steg zwischen den Schwellenabschnitten 2, 3 entfernt. Anschließend wird der kürzere der beiden Schwellenabschnitte um 180° gekippt, ohne dass dabei ein Lösen der Schiene erforderlich ist. In diesem zurückgeklappten Zustand kann die Spannbetonschwelle mit einem normalen Güterwagen transportiert werden. An dem vorgesehenen Einbauort wird der umgeklappte Schwellenabschnitt zurückgeklappt und die Schwellenabschnitte werden über die Stege mittels Durchgangsschrauben wieder miteinander verbunden. Anschließend wird das Transportgelenk 24 demontiert. In the 6 and 7 a prestressed concrete sleeper is shown, to which a removable transporting joint 24 is attached in order to fold over the threshold sections 2, 3 and to transport the concrete sleeper in the folded-over state. For the sake of clarity are in the 6 and 7 only the essential components are shown. The transport joint 24 is with its hinge portions 25, 26 attached to the top of the threshold sections 2, 3 to be coupled. For transport, the fastening screws for the web between the threshold sections 2, 3 are removed. Subsequently, the shorter of the two threshold sections is tilted by 180 °, without requiring a release of the rail is required. In this folded-back state, the prestressed concrete sleeper can be transported on a normal freight wagon. At the intended installation location, the folded-over threshold section is folded back and the threshold sections are connected to one another again via the webs by means of through-bolts. Subsequently, the transport joint 24 is dismantled.

Claims (11)

  1. A prestressed concrete sleeper having at least two sleeper sections, which can be or are rigidly coupled by means of a connection device, said connection device being embedded in the sleeper heads, characterized in that the sleeper sections (2, 3) in the region adjoining the connection device (6) each consist of a concrete having a higher strength than the concrete in the remaining region.
  2. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 1, characterized in that the concrete having the higher strength is a high-strength or ultra high-strength concrete (UHPC/UHFB).
  3. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 2, characterized in that the high-strength or ultra high-strength concrete has a tensile strength of at least 10 MPa, preferentially at least 20 MPa.
  4. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the high-strength or ultra high-strength concrete comprises fibres, in particular steel fibres and/or plastic fibres and/or glass fibres and/or carbon fibres.
  5. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to Claim 1, characterized in that the concrete having the higher strength is a polymer concrete.
  6. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the sleeper heads at least one bracket of concrete steel each is arranged.
  7. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is designed as a switch sleeper.
  8. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection device (6) is designed as a screw connection, which with a loosened screw and removed remaining screws acts as a joint.
  9. The prestressed concrete sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a removable transport joint (24) is attached in the region of the connection device in order to fold over the sleeper sections (2, 3).
  10. A method for the transport and installation of a switch with prestressed concrete sleepers according to any one of the Claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
    - preassembling the prestressed concrete sleepers with rails into a switch;
    - loosening a part of the screws of the connection device;
    - folding over the moveable part of the switch;
    - loading and transporting the switch to the place of installation;
    - folding over of the moveable part of the switch back into the starting position;
    - assembling and tightening the screws; and
    - assembling the rails.
  11. The method according to Claim 10, characterized in that all screws of the connection device are loosened or removed and a removable transport joint is attached in order to fold over the sleeper sections for the transport.
EP10776296.5A 2009-10-14 2010-10-12 Prestressed concrete sleeper and method for transporting and installing a switch having prestressed concrete sleepers Active EP2488698B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009049411A DE102009049411A1 (en) 2009-10-14 2009-10-14 Prestressed concrete sleeper and method for transporting and installing a turnout with prestressed concrete sleepers
PCT/EP2010/006208 WO2011045018A1 (en) 2009-10-14 2010-10-12 Prestressed concrete sleeper and method for transporting and installing a switch having prestressed concrete sleepers

Publications (2)

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EP2488698A1 EP2488698A1 (en) 2012-08-22
EP2488698B1 true EP2488698B1 (en) 2015-03-11

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US (1) US20120181343A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2488698B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5544425B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101450410B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102713064B (en)
CA (1) CA2775026C (en)
DE (1) DE102009049411A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011045018A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010035675A1 (en) * 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Db Netz Ag Foldable switch
CN103911917A (en) * 2014-04-21 2014-07-09 江苏海迅铁路器材集团股份有限公司 Concrete sleeper for meter-gauge rails
AT521152B1 (en) * 2018-08-08 2019-11-15 Kirchdorfer Fertigteilholding Gmbh Railroad tie
DE102022127736A1 (en) 2022-10-20 2024-04-25 Schwihag Ag Box threshold

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US1307565A (en) * 1919-06-24 Samuel a
CH308512A (en) * 1950-12-11 1955-07-31 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Prestressed reinforced concrete railway sleeper and its method of manufacture.
SU562608A1 (en) * 1976-03-23 1977-06-25 Научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт по добыче полезных ископаемых открытым способом Rail track
JPS5816201U (en) * 1981-07-17 1983-02-01 日本鋼弦コンクリ−ト株式会社 split sleepers
DE3619417A1 (en) * 1986-06-10 1987-12-17 Salzgitter Peine Stahlwerke CONCRETE THRESHOLD
CN2065200U (en) * 1989-06-21 1990-11-07 铁道部科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 Wide prestressed-concrete bridge sleeper
RU2095509C1 (en) * 1997-04-03 1997-11-10 Владимир Шалвович Барбакадзе Sleeper
ATE302879T1 (en) 1999-02-06 2005-09-15 Pfleiderer Infrastrukturt Gmbh STEEL CONNECTING DEVICE FOR RAILWAY SLEEPERS, PARTICULARLY FOR PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE SWEEPERS
DE19948003A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-12 Boegl Max Bauunternehmung Gmbh Precast reinforced concrete slab
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JP2004232233A (en) * 2003-01-28 2004-08-19 Ohbayashi Corp Concrete structure and method of constructing the same
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WO2005100691A1 (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-27 The University Of Southern Queensland A railway sleeper
DE102004063636A1 (en) * 2004-12-31 2006-07-13 Pfleiderer Infrastrukturtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Concrete sleepers for high dynamic loads
KR100510254B1 (en) * 2005-04-13 2005-08-26 주식회사 인터컨스텍 Precasting method of spliced prestressed concrete girder segment and the segment precasted by above method
CN100500999C (en) * 2005-10-08 2009-06-17 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 Polypropylene fiber concrete sleeper and its preparation method
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DE102007014529A1 (en) 2006-09-27 2008-04-10 Durtrack Ag Inflexible coupling of sleepers

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KR20120052419A (en) 2012-05-23
JP5544425B2 (en) 2014-07-09
CN102713064A (en) 2012-10-03
CA2775026A1 (en) 2011-04-21
DE102009049411A1 (en) 2011-04-21
CN102713064B (en) 2014-10-29
EP2488698A1 (en) 2012-08-22
KR101450410B1 (en) 2014-10-14
US20120181343A1 (en) 2012-07-19
JP2013507542A (en) 2013-03-04
WO2011045018A1 (en) 2011-04-21
CA2775026C (en) 2014-08-26

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