EP2486993A1 - Reshaping device and method for operating same - Google Patents

Abstract

The shaping device (1) comprises a machine controller (2), a drive device (6), a workpiece rotary table (3) for receiving hollow body, a tool carrier (4) for receiving processing tools, and an adjustment device. The workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier are opposite to each other, mutually rotatable about a rotation axis and adjustable along the rotation axis. The drive device is: controllable by the machine controller; and formed to provide a rotary step movement and a cyclic linear motion between the rotary table and the tool carrier for the transformation of the hollow body. The shaping device (1) comprises a machine controller (2), a drive device (6), a workpiece rotary table (3) for receiving hollow body, a tool carrier (4) for receiving processing tools, and an adjustment device. The workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier are opposite to each other, mutually rotatable about a rotation axis and adjustable along the rotation axis. The drive device is: controllable by the machine controller; and formed to provide a rotary step movement and a cyclic linear motion between the rotary table and the tool carrier for the transformation of the hollow body by the machining tools. The adjustment device is formed: to set a stroke length of a cyclic linear movement and/or a minimum distance between the tool carrier and the rotary table; and such that the stroke length of the linear movement and/or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the rotary table are set during the execution of the linear motion. The machine controller is: formed such that the adjustment of the cyclic linear movement and/or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the rotary table occurs as a function of a state value of the drive device; and associated with a sensor unit for determining the state value of the drive device. The sensor unit is formed as a length sensor, a distance sensor, a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, a deformation sensor and/or a temperature sensor and coupled with the machine controller. A control algorithm is stored in the machine controller to permit an adjustment of the adjustment device as a function of the state value. The adjustment device is formed for the linear adjustment of the tool carrier relative to the drive device. An independent claim is included for a method of operating a shaping device.

Description

The invention relates to a forming device for cup-shaped hollow body with a machine control, a drive device, a workpiece turntable for receiving hollow bodies and a tool holder for holding machining tools, wherein the workpiece rotary table and tool carrier are opposite and rotatable about an axis of rotation to each other and along the axis of rotation are mutually linearly adjustable and the drive device is designed so as to be controllable by the machine control and is set up to provide a rotary step movement and a cyclical linear movement between the workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier, in order to enable a reshaping of the hollow bodies by means of the processing tools in a plurality of successive processing steps, and with an adjusting device which is used to set a stroke length cyclic linear movement and / or a minimum distance between the tool carrier and the Werkstückrun is formed. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for operating a forming device.

From the EP 0 275 369 A2 a forming machine is known, with the cup-shaped hollow body made of metal, in particular aluminum, from a substantially cylindrical sleeve-shaped Initial state partially formed, in particular locally retracted, can be, for example, in the region of the opening to put a cap or a spray valve sealingly. The known forming machine has a rotatably mounted workpiece rotary table and a linearly mounted tool rotary table. In the machine frame, a drive device is received, which is designed to generate an intermittent rotary motion of the workpiece rotary table and to produce an oscillating linear movement of the guide tube and the associated rotary tool table. As a result of the linear movement, the tools provided on the tool rotary table, in particular forming tools, can be brought into engagement with the hollow bodies held on the workpiece rotary table in order to process them locally, in particular to plastically deform them. Due to the intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece rotary table, the hollow bodies can be brought into serial contact with the tools mounted on the tool carrier table in order to achieve a stepwise deformation of the hollow bodies from an initial geometry to a target geometry. Before carrying out the machining, the hollow bodies are fixed by means of workpiece holders mounted on the workpiece rotary table and released again after the processing has been carried out.

The object of the invention is to provide a forming device and a method for operating a forming device, with which an improved machining accuracy during the forming of the hollow body can be ensured.

This object is achieved for a forming device of the type mentioned with the features of claim 1. It is provided that the adjusting device is designed such that it allows the adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table during the execution of the linear movement.

In the production of hollow bodies, in particular of aerosol cans, steadily increasing demands are made on the manufacturing accuracy, the cycle numbers for the intermittent rotary motion and the cyclic linear movement between the tool carrier and workpiece rotary table and the design. This results in an increased need for the compensation of tolerances, which are due to elastic properties of the forming device, in particular the moving components and the bearing clearance of the associated storage facilities set. For an at least partial compensation of such tolerances, it is advantageous if the stroke length of the cyclic linear movement can be changed at least in the range of a few millimeters and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table can be adjusted in order to achieve optimum processing quality for the hollow bodies to be reshaped to reach. In order to adjust the stroke length and / or the minimum distance in an efficient manner, it is advantageous if this setting can be made during operation of the forming and no shutdown of the forming requires, as this undesirable downtime occur on the one hand and the other problem may occur that at least some of the hollow body to be processed must be discarded as broke when stopping and restarting the forming device. In addition, an adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance in dependence be made possible by a current operating state of the forming device.

Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

It is expedient, if the machine control system is designed in such a way for activating the adjusting device, that an adjustment of the stroke length of the cyclical linear movement takes place as a function of at least one state value of the drive device. The state value of the drive device may be a value predefined by the machine control, for example a speed, a movement speed, a cycle number or the like, which is effected by the machine control by a corresponding control of the drive device. This makes it possible, for example, to make a corresponding adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance at a to be carried out by the machine control change the cycle number for the cyclic linear movement and the intermittent rotary step movement. Such adjustments can be made in real time during the change of the operating state, anticipating before the change of the operating state or even after the change of the operating state. For example, a value table is stored in the machine control, based on which when changing the operating state of the forming a Stellwertvorgabe can be determined, which is output from the machine control to the adjustment to control this according to the desired correction.

In a further development of the invention it is provided that the machine control at least one sensor device for Determining at least one state value of the drive device is assigned. On the basis of the state value ascertained by the sensor device, the machine control can calculate a manipulated variable preset, which is provided to the adjusting device as a control command. This makes it possible to control the stroke length and / or the minimum distance in a closed loop. In this case, the at least one state value form the input variable and the manipulated variable specification provided by the machine control system form the output variable of the control loop.

It is advantageous if the sensor device is designed as a length sensor and / or distance sensor and / or rotational speed sensor and / or acceleration sensor and / or deformation sensor and / or temperature sensor and is coupled to the machine control. With the aid of a length sensor, for example, the length of a component of the drive device, in particular a connecting rod of an eccentric drive of the drive device, can be determined. From the determined length can then be determined directly or after correction with a constant or variable correction value a manipulated variable from the machine control, which is passed to the adjustment. In an embodiment of the sensor device as a distance sensor, the distance between the workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier is preferably determined; this can be achieved, for example, with the aid of an optical or mechanical distance sensor. Preferably, a distance measurement takes place in the front reversal point, in which there is a minimum distance between the workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier, and / or in the rear reversal point, in which there is a maximum distance between the workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier. The sensor device can also be used as a speed sensor and / or acceleration sensor be formed, by means of which indirectly the deformation and bearing play influenced deviation between an actual deformation of the hollow body and a predetermined deformation of the hollow body can be determined. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor device may be formed as a temperature sensor in order to be able to draw conclusions about the actual stroke length and / or the minimum distance on the basis of the determined temperature of the drive device.

In an advantageous development of the invention, it can be provided to support the sensor device with the aid of a high-speed camera with downstream image processing, wherein the high-speed camera is preferably placed at a processing station at which a particularly critical forming step is carried out to determine the image of the image taken by the high-speed camera edited hollow body under evaluation by the image processing software to make an analysis of whether the geometry of the formed hollow body is within or outside a predetermined tolerance band.

Preferably, a control algorithm is stored in the machine control in order to enable an adjustment of the adjusting device as a function of at least one state value. The control algorithm is preferably a calculation formula by means of which a manipulated variable specification for the adjustment device, including at least one state value, preferably including all state values provided by the sensor device and optionally the processes stored in the machine control, is determined for the operation of the conversion device becomes. In this case, provision is made in particular for the state values to be dependent on time and / or state variable weights in the control algorithm einflie-βen to allow a particularly advantageous calculation of the manipulated variable specification and thus to ensure the most accurate positioning of the tool carrier relative to the workpiece turntable.

In a development of the invention, it is provided that the adjusting device is designed for a linear adjustment movement of the tool carrier relative to the drive device. Here, it is assumed that a zero point of a spatial coordinate system is arranged on a component of the drive device, for example on a central axis of a drive shaft, and the positions of the workpiece rotary table and of the tool carrier are determined starting from this zero point. In a first variant of the forming device, the adjusting device is designed such that it changes the relative position of the tool carrier relative to this zero point of the coordinate system. This can be achieved for example by means of a motor-driven, rotatably mounted threaded spindle and an associated lock nut, wherein the linear adjustment movement can be caused by rotation of the lock nut relative to the threaded spindle. In a second variant of the forming device is provided that the position of the workpiece rotary table is adjusted relative to the coordinate system of the drive device. In a third variant of the forming device, linear adjustment movements relative to the zero point are provided both for the tool carrier and for the workpiece rotary table.

According to a second aspect, the object of the invention is achieved by a method for operating a forming device for cup-shaped hollow body, wherein the forming device, a machine control, a drive device, a Workpiece rotary table for receiving hollow bodies and a tool carrier for receiving processing tools, wherein the workpiece rotary table and tool carrier are opposite and rotatable about an axis of rotation and mutually linearly adjustable along the axis of rotation and wherein the drive means is formed controllable by the machine control and providing a rotary step movement and a cyclic linear movement between the workpiece rotary table and the tool carrier is formed to allow a deformation of the hollow body by means of the processing tools in several successive processing steps, as well as with an adjusting device for adjusting a stroke length of the cyclic linear movement and / or a minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table is trained. According to the invention, it is provided in this method that an adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table is carried out by means of the adjusting device during the execution of the linear movement. In this way, the forming device can be adapted during operation of performing forming operations to changing boundary conditions such that always the best possible deformation result is achieved.

It is expedient if the setting of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table by means of the adjusting device is carried out within a predefinable time interval within a cycle of the linear movement. The time interval thus comprises a fraction of the cycle duration of the linear movement, which, starting from a zero position with the maximum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table, results from the approach between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table and the subsequent removal of the tool carrier from the workpiece rotary table to the zero position. It when the predetermined time interval is selected such that a control of the adjustment is then made when only small forces between the tool carrier and the workpiece turntable act, this is especially for those time periods in which no intervention of the tool carrier recorded deformation tools takes place in the recorded on the workpiece rotary table hollow body. Preferably, the predetermined time interval for setting the stroke length and / or the minimum distance is a fraction of the cycle length of the linear movement, which is less than 50 percent, in particular less than 30 percent.

It is expedient if the time interval is selected such that an interval limit is close to a reversal time of the linear movement, to which a distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece turntable is maximum. That is, the adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance starts or ends at a time which is at least nearly identical to the reversal time for the linear movement between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table. This ensures that the adjusting movement takes place at least predominantly, preferably completely within a time interval during which no deformation of the hollow body is made, so that the temporal area is omitted, during which particularly high forces between the tool carrier and workpiece rotary table must be transmitted via the drive means ,

In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the time interval begins during a removal movement between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table and ends during an approach movement between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table. Thus, the time interval includes the rear reversal point, ie a time at which a distance between the tool carrier and workpiece turntable is maximum, so that the adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the workpiece carrier and the workpiece turntable made at least predominantly, preferably completely outside that time interval can be during which takes place an engagement of the deformation tools received on the tool carrier in the recorded on the workpiece rotary table hollow body.

With particular preference, the time interval for adjusting the adjusting device is selected with the aid of the machine control in such a way that the adjusting device can be operated with the lowest possible load. For example, it can be provided in an adjustment designed as a spindle drive to adapt the time interval in each case to the intended adjustment that the effect of the spindle pitch during the deceleration movement near the rear reversal time and the subsequent acceleration movement in the direction of the front reversal point is advantageously exploited. As a result of this adaptation of the time interval in the sense of a time window which can be displaced by the rear reversal time, the design of the adjusting device can be carried out in a particularly cost-effective manner.

It is advantageous if at least one state value of the drive device is processed in the machine control, which is provided by a sensor device to determine a manipulated variable specification for the adjustment and to control the adjustment accordingly. With the aid of the state value, which is determined by the sensor device, the machine control can perform a control of the adjusting device, wherein the at least one state value is used as an input variable for the control algorithm and the manipulated variable input for the adjusting device forms the output variable of the control algorithm.

In one development of the invention, it is provided that in the machine control a link is made between the measured state value of the drive device and a default value for a desired state value of the drive device in order to determine a manipulated variable specification for the adjustment device and to control the adjustment device accordingly. This procedure is particularly advantageous when the forming device is to be converted into a different operating state starting from a given operating state, for example by lengthening or shortening the cycle time for the cyclic linear movement. In the case of such changes in the operating state, the machine control can carry out a prospective adjustment of the adjusting device based on the measured state values of the drive device and with knowledge of the planned temporal change of the operating state and, for this purpose, calculate a corresponding control value specification.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that in the machine control, a monitoring of a loading of the tool carrier with tools and / or the workpiece rotary table with workpieces for determining a control value specification for the adjustment takes place. The deformation tools to be mounted on the tool carrier change the mass of the tool carrier to a considerable extent, so that consideration of this loading of the tool carrier by the machine control leads to an improved quality of the deformation of the hollow body. In the same way, this applies to the loading of the workpiece rotary table with workpieces, since they have a considerable influence on the forming forces that are to be transmitted between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table via the drive device.

Particularly preferably, both the loading of the tool carrier with tools and the loading of the workpiece rotary table with workpieces are determined by the machine control and taken into account in the calculation of the setpoint specification for the adjustment. If, in addition, at least one state value is taken into account, a particularly exact deformation of the hollow body can be achieved. For this purpose, it may be provided that the machine control system regulates the stroke length of the cyclic linear movement and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier and the workpiece rotary table on the basis of state values and at least one of the loading of the tool carrier with tools and / or the loading of the workpiece rotary table with workpieces Characteristic value.

Figur 1

eine schematische seitliche Schnittdarstellung einer Umformeinrichtung und

Figur 2

eine schematische Blockschaltbilddarstellung von Funktionskomponenten einer Umformeinrichtung.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing. Hereby shows:

FIG. 1

a schematic lateral sectional view of a forming device and

FIG. 2

a schematic block diagram representation of functional components of a forming device.

One in the FIG. 1 illustrated forming device 1, which is particularly suitable for forming cup-shaped hollow bodies, comprises a machine frame 2, on which a

Workpiece rotary table 3 and a tool carrier 4 are arranged. In the illustrated embodiment of the forming device 1 of the workpiece rotary table 3 is rotatably mounted on the machine frame 2, while the tool carrier 4 is exemplarily linearly movably received on the machine frame 2. The workpiece rotary table 3 is thus mounted so as to be rotatable relative to the machine frame 2 and the tool carrier 4 about an axis of rotation 5. The tool carrier 4 can be moved linearly along the axis of rotation 5 relative to the machine frame 2 and the workpiece rotary table 3.

The forming device 1 further comprises a drive device 6, which is designed to provide an intermittent rotational movement or rotational step movement and to provide a cyclically oscillating linear movement. In the present case, the drive device 6 is designed to provide the rotary step movement to the workpiece rotary table 3 and to provide the cyclically oscillating linear movement to the tool carrier 4.

Among other things, the drive mechanism 6 comprises a double eccentric arrangement 8. The double eccentric arrangement 8, which also includes an eccentric shaft 9 and an eccentric cam 10, serves as an eccentric crankshaft that can be adjusted with respect to the crank stroke to provide a circular circulation movement for a closer one designated connecting rod eye of a connecting rod. 7

The forces necessary for driving the connecting rod 7 are provided, for example, by a drive motor 11 designed as an electric motor, which has a belt drive, which is exemplarily designed as a V-ribbed belt 12 is coupled to a flywheel 13. The flywheel 13 can be brought into force-transmitting connection with a drive pinion 15 via a flywheel clutch 14 that can be coupled during operation of the forming device 1. The drive pinion 15 is in engagement with a main gear 16, which is received rotatably mounted on two support webs 17, of which due to the sectional view of FIG. 1 only one is visible. On the main gear 16, two, preferably each integrally formed, exemplified cylindrically shaped bearing pin 18 are mounted in a mirror image arrangement, which are arranged concentrically to the main gear 16 and engage in a manner not shown in one of the support cheek 17 respectively associated storage and the pivot bearing of the main gear 16 serve. In addition, the inner eccentric 9 is fixedly mounted on the main gear 16, while the outer eccentric 10 is adjustably mounted on the main gear 16 to adjust the crank stroke of the double eccentric 8 for the connecting rod 7 can.

For setting the maximum stroke, the outer eccentric 10 can be decoupled from the inner eccentric 9 by means of a coupling, not shown, and rotated about a normal to the plane of representation pivot axis, preferably continuously, relative to the inner eccentric 8 for stroke adjustment , Subsequently, the clutch is closed again, so that the two eccentrics 9 and 10 are again coupled to transmit power.

On the main gear 16, there is also a driven gear 19 in permanent engagement, which via a switchable during operation of the forming device 1 step transmission clutch 21 can be brought into force-transmitting connection with a stepping 20. The indexing gear 20 converts the continuous rotational movement of the output gear 19 into a discontinuous, intermittent rotational step movement, which is transmitted to the workpiece rotary table 3 via a stepping shaft 22 and a stepping gear 23. By way of example, an internal toothing 24 is formed on the workpiece turning table 3, into which the stepping switching pinion engages in order to transmit the rotary step movement of the stepping gear 20 to the workpiece turning table 3, which then completes the rotary stepping movement about the axis of rotation 5. Alternatively, instead of the stepping gear 20, a servo drive can be used, which allows an electrically controlled rotary step movement.

By way of example, the workpiece rotary table 3 is rotatably mounted on a support plate 26 by means of a rotary bearing 25. The support plate 26 is part of a first machine frame part, which also comprises a support frame 31. In particular, the support frame 31 has the task of deriving the torques, which act on the support plate 26 by the weight forces of the components mounted on the support plate 26, described in more detail below, into a base plate 32.

The rotary bearing 25 comprises, for example, a support ring 26 mounted on the preferably annular bearing ring 28 having a bearing surface on a circumferential outer surface for a plurality of rolling elements 29 shown schematically. The rolling elements 29 are between the bearing ring 28 and a bearing ring 28 opposite, on the workpiece rotary table 3 exemplified as a circumferential collar 63 formed bearing surface 30th arranged and are held by a cage, not shown in position. Together with the bearing ring 28 and the peripheral collar 63, they form a radial bearing which ensures a low-friction rotary movement of the workpiece rotary table 3 with high precision, in particular with respect to the axis of rotation 5 and the tool carrier 4. A support of machining forces acting in the direction of the axis of rotation 5 on the workpiece rotary table 3, for example, by an annular sliding bearing ring 62 which rests flat against the surface of the workpiece rotary table 3. Preferably, the sliding bearing ring 62 and the oppositely disposed surface of the workpiece rotary table 3 are supplied by an unspecified lubrication circuit with an intermittent or continuous lubricant supply with lubricant.

At a drive device 6 opposite surface of the support plate 26 and spaced from the pivot bearing 25, a support tube 33 is attached, which serves as an example for supporting and linear mounting of the tool carrier 4. The support tube 33 has an exemplary annular cross-section in a cross-sectional plane oriented normal to the axis of rotation 5, not shown. A cylindrical inner surface 35 of the support tube 33 serves as a sliding bearing surface for a coupling slide 34 which is coupled to the connecting rod 7 and serves to implement the combined rotational and linear movement of the connecting rod 7 in a linear movement.

The coupling carriage 34 comprises by way of example a tubular body 37, on which a bearing pin 38 is mounted for the pivotable mounting of the connecting rod 7. On the base body 37 are radially outwardly a plurality, preferably annular, sliders 39, For example, from plain bearing bronze, arranged, which are designed for a sliding movement on the inner surface 35 of the exemplary, made of metal, support tube 33.

On an outer surface 36 of the support tube 33 a plurality of parallel to the rotation axis 5 extending bearing rails 40 are mounted, which serve as linear guide elements for the tool carrier 4. Preferably, the bearing rails 40 are arranged at the same angular pitch about the axis of rotation 5, for example in a 120-degree graduation or a 90-degree graduation.

For the linear guide of the tool carrier 40 also on a radially inner inner surface 41 of the tool carrier 4 corresponding to the bearing rails 40 also referred to as ball rolling shoes linear guides 42 are mounted, which engage around the bearing rails 40 each U-shaped. The linear guides 42 may be formed, for example, as recirculating ball bearings, in which a plurality of cylindrical or spherical rolling elements are received in a guideway and allow a linear relative movement relative to the respective bearing rail 40. Preferably, the linear guides 42 are braced against each other by not shown clamping means in the radial direction and / or in the circumferential direction of the support tube 33, whereby a backlash, in particular backlash-free, linear bearing of the tool carrier 4 relative to the support tube 33 is achieved. Due to the linear guides 42 of the tool carrier 4 is rotatably received on the support tube 33.

On the main body 37 of the coupling slide 34 is on the connecting rod 7 facing away from a front end plate 43 attached, which carries a threaded spindle 44. The threaded spindle 44 extends, for example, in parallel, in particular concentrically, to the axis of rotation 5. Two spindle nuts 45, 46 spaced apart from each other along the axis of rotation 5 engage in the external thread of the threaded spindle 44 (not shown). The two spindle nuts 45, 46 are rotatably and linearly connected to each other. The second spindle nut 46 is assigned a, preferably hydraulically controllable, linear adjusting device 48 and a servomotor 49.

The object of the servomotor 49, which is preferably designed as a torque motor and coupled to the second spindle nut 46, rotatably mounted rotor 50 and a stator 51 includes, which is rotatably received in a driver 52, therein, the two spindle nuts 45, 46 by To move rotation along the threaded spindle 44 and thereby allow an adjustment of a starting position of the tool carrier 4 along the threaded spindle 44.

The task of the linear adjusting device 48, which can exert a force in the direction of the axis of rotation 5 on the second spindle nut 46, is to brace the second spindle nut 46 relative to the first spindle nut 45 and thus a backlash-free power transmission between the threaded spindle 44 and the driver 52 permit, in which the spindle nuts 45 and 46 are received stationary and rotationally movable.

The driver 52 is exemplarily designed as a substantially rotationally symmetrical body and has a circumferential flange 53, to which a tubular coupling means 54 is attached, which is for a force-transmitting Connection with the tool carrier 4 is formed. The flange 53 and the coupling means 54 are dimensioned such that they are slightly elastically deformed due to the transmitted from the tool carrier 4 on the workpiece rotary table 3 forces while possibly occurring tilting of the coupling carriage 34 and the driver 47 take about tilt axes transversely to the axis of rotation 5 at least partially so that they are not or at best proportionally transferred to the tool carrier 4. In combination with the at least substantially play-free mounting of the tool carrier 4 on the support tube 33, a particularly high degree of precision is achieved for the processing of the hollow body 55 accommodated on the workpiece rotary table.

On workpiece turntable 3 a plurality of the same angular distribution to the axis of rotation 5 arranged, also referred to as a chuck workpiece holder 55 are mounted, in each of which cup-shaped hollow body 56 are added. At the surface of the tool carrier 4 opposite the workpiece rotary table 3 corresponding tool holders 57 corresponding to the workpiece holders 55 are arranged, which are equipped with machining tools 58, for example with forming tools.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram representation of the set for the adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier 4 and the workpiece turntable 3 functional components. The in the FIG. 2 shown forming device 1 corresponds to the in FIG. 1 Forming device 1 shown, only the representation of the functional components is different from the representation of FIG. 1 , In addition, in the FIG. 2 those functional components representing a controlled or controlled adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance allow between the tool carrier 4 and the workpiece rotary table 3 during the implementation of the linear movement.

The forming device 1 comprises a machine control 80, an adjusting device 81 and a sensor device 82, which is formed by way of example from a plurality of sensors 85 to 90.

The adjusting device 81 is designed for an adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier 4 and the workpiece rotary table 3 during the execution of the linear movement, by way of example in the manner of the assembly of threaded spindle 44, the spindle nuts 45, 46 and the servomotor 49, as they are in the FIG. 1 is specified.

The adjusting device 81 and the sensors 85 to 90 of the sensor device 82 are electrically coupled to the machine control 80 via connecting lines 91. By way of example, the sensor device 82 comprises the following sensors: a strain sensor 85 attached to the connecting rod 7, which may be designed, for example, as a strain gauge; a likewise attached to the connecting rod 7 acceleration sensor 86; a speed sensor 87 attached to the drive motor 11; a temperature sensor 88 attached to the drive device 6; a provided for determining the distance between the workpiece turntable 3 and tool holder 4 and attached by way of example on the tool carrier 4 distance sensor 89 and an acceleration sensor 90, which is also exemplary mounted on the tool carrier 4. In addition, the machine controller 80 is connected to a drive motor 92, which serves to initiate a translational movement on the workpiece rotary table 3 along the axis of rotation 5. This optionally provided drive motor 92 acts a transmission device, not shown, which is provided between the support plate 26 and the sliding bearing ring 62. In addition or as an alternative to the adjusting device 81, the drive motor 92 and the transmission device allow the axial position of the workpiece rotary table 3 to be changed along the axis of rotation 5, at least in an adjustment range of a few millimeters.

The relative movements between the workpiece rotary table 3 and the tool carrier 4, which can be caused by the drive device 6, the adjusting device 81 and additionally or alternatively by the drive motor 92, by the movement arrows in the FIG. 2 symbolizes. By way of example, the drive device 6 is designed such that the tool carrier 4 executes a cyclically recurring translational movement according to the arrow 93. In addition, the tool carrier 4 by means of the adjusting device 81 with respect to its stroke length and / or its minimum distance to the workpiece rotary table 3 with respect to the drive means 6 and thus also with respect to the workpiece rotary table 3 also along the axis of rotation 5 adjustable, which is symbolized by the arrow 94. As an example, a coordinate system 98 is shown in the drive device 6, whose X-axis is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 5 and the origin of the zero point for determining the positions of the workpiece rotary table 3 and the tool carrier 4 along the axis of rotation 5 is used.

The arrow 95 symbolizes the rotational movement of the workpiece rotary table 3, the arrow 96 symbolizes the linear adjustability of the axial position of the workpiece rotary table 3 along the axis of rotation. 5

During operation of the forming device 1 runs in the machine control 80 from a predetermined program, with the aid of the drive means 6 with the associated drive motor 11 and the adjusting device 81 and optionally the drive motor 92 can be controlled. The program sequence for the drive device 6, the adjusting device 81 and the drive motor 92 can be selected, for example, such that the forming device 1 is started up slowly from a standstill, for which purpose the speed of the drive motor 11 is increased. By way of example, a rigid coupling is provided between the drive motor 11, the drive device 6 and the tool carrier operatively connected thereto, so that a speed change of the drive motor 11 brings about a change in the cycle times for the movements of the workpiece rotary table 3 and of the tool carrier 4.

At low speed of the drive motor 11 and a large cycle time for the cyclic linear movement and the rotary step movement, the dynamic loads on the components of the forming device 1 are low. Thus, the deviations between a desired value for the lifting movement of the tool carrier 4 relative to the workpiece rotary table 3 are also low, since the loads in the bearings for the workpiece rotary table 3 and the tool carrier 4 are at a low level and no deformation due to dynamic force effects on the workpiece rotary table 3rd , the tool carrier 4 and the drive device 6 are present. Thus, even slight inaccuracies in the processing of hollow bodies occur.

With increasing speed of the drive motor 11 and decreasing cycle time for the cyclic linear movement and the rotational step movement between the workpiece turntable 3 and the Tool carrier 4 may be the case that the inaccuracies due to the higher loads in the bearings and due to dynamically induced deformation effects of individual components of the drive device 6 increase. As a result, deviations in the processing of the hollow body 55 may possibly occur, which must be at least partially compensated.

For this purpose, the machine controller 80 can be programmed based on simulation data and / or empirical values such that for each operating state of the forming device 1, in particular for each cycle duration of the linear movement of the tool carrier 4, optionally as a function of the maximum stroke as the difference between the minimum and the maximum distance between the workpiece turntable 3 and the tool holder 4 a manipulated variable for the adjusting device 81 is stored. Thus, at any time and any operating state of the forming device 1, an at least partial compensation of deformation effects, which may occur, for example, in the connecting rod 7 or in the bearings of the different components, in particular the workpiece rotary table 3 and the tool carrier 4, can be achieved.

The machine controller 80 particularly preferably processes the state values provided by the sensors 85 to 90 of the sensor device 82 in order to regulate the relative position of the tool carrier 4 relative to the workpiece rotary table 3. By way of example, it is provided to use the distance measurement by the distance sensor 89 to determine the minimum distance between the tool carrier 4 and the workpiece rotary table 3 during the lifting movement. This minimum distance, which is also referred to as the front reversal point for the cyclic linear movement of the tool carrier 4, can be compared with the in FIG. 1 shown arrangement of threaded spindle 44, the spindle nuts 45, 46 and the servomotor 49, which in the FIG. 2 be represented by the adjusting 81, are changed. This change in the position of the front reversal point is done by way of example by shifting the interval boundaries, in particular the front reversal point and the rear reversal point of the cyclic linear movement, while the amount of lifting movement thereby does not need to be changed. The control of the adjusting device 81 can be carried out here without or with the inclusion of state values of the sensor device 82, that is controlled or regulated.

Similarly, the engine controller 80 may also process the state values of the remaining sensors 85-88 and 90.

Thus, at any time regardless of the operating state of the forming an at least almost complete compensation of deformation-related positional deviations for the tool carrier 4 with respect to the workpiece rotary table 3 guaranteed. In addition, load sensors not shown on the workpiece rotary table 3 and / or on the tool carrier 4 are preferably likewise coupled to the machine control 80 and can detect a loading of the workpiece rotary table 3 with workpieces and a loading of the tool carrier 4 with tools. On the basis of the detected load can also be made a compensation of possibly occurring position deviations between the tool carrier 4 and workpiece turntable 3.

Claims (15)

Forming device for cup-shaped hollow body (55) with a machine control (80), a drive device (6), a workpiece rotary table (3) for receiving hollow bodies (55) and a tool carrier (4) for receiving machining tools (58), wherein workpiece rotary table ( 3) and tool carrier (4) opposite one another and about an axis of rotation (5) rotatable relative to each other and along the axis of rotation (5) are mutually linearly adjustable and wherein the drive means (6) of the machine control (80) is designed to be controllable and to provide a rotary step movement and a Cyclic linear movement between the workpiece turntable (3) and tool carrier (4) is arranged to allow a deformation of the hollow body (55) by means of the processing tools (58) in several successive processing steps, as well as with an adjusting device (81) for adjusting a stroke length of cyclic linear motion and / or a minimum distance is formed between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3), characterized in that the adjusting device (81) is designed such that it adjusts the setting of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3). 3) while performing the linear movement allows. Forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the machine controller (80) is designed for controlling the adjusting device (81) such that an adjustment of the stroke length of the cyclic linear movement and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (8). 3) as a function of at least one state value of the drive device (6). Forming device according to claim 2, characterized in that the machine control (80) is assigned at least one sensor device (82) for determining at least one state value of the drive device (6). Forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the sensor device (82) as a length sensor (85) and / or distance sensor (89) and / or rotational speed sensor (87) and / or acceleration sensor (90) and / or deformation sensor and / or temperature sensor (88 ) and coupled to the machine control (80). Forming device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the machine control (80) a control algorithm is deposited to allow adjustment of the adjusting device (81) in dependence on at least one state value. Forming device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (81) is designed for a linear adjusting movement of the tool carrier (4) relative to the drive device (6). Forming device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting device (81) is designed for a linear adjustment movement of the workpiece rotary table (3) relative to the drive device (6). Method for operating a forming device (1) for cup-shaped hollow bodies (55), comprising a machine control (80), a drive device (6), a workpiece rotary table (3) for receiving hollow bodies (55) and a tool carrier (4) for receiving machining tools (58), wherein the workpiece rotary table (3) and tool carrier (4) are opposite each other and about an axis of rotation (5) rotatable relative to each other and along the axis of rotation (5) mutually linearly adjustable and wherein the drive means (6) of the machine control (80) controllable is designed and for providing a rotary step movement and a cyclic linear movement between the workpiece rotary table (3) and tool carrier (4) is arranged to allow a deformation of the hollow body (55) by means of the processing tools (58) in several successive processing steps, as well as with an adjusting device ( 81) used to set a stroke length of the cyclic Linearb ewegung and / or a minimum distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3) is formed, characterized in that an adjustment of the stroke length and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3) by means of Adjusting device (81) is carried out during the execution of the linear movement. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the setting of the stroke length and / or the minimum Distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3) by means of the adjusting device (81) is made in a predetermined time interval within a cycle of the linear movement. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the time interval is selected such that an interval limit is close to a reversal time of the linear movement, to which a distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3) is maximum. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the time interval during a removal movement between the tool carrier (4) and workpiece rotary table (3) begins and ends during an approach movement between the tool carrier (4) and workpiece rotary table (3). Method according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that in the machine control (80) at least one state value of the drive device (6) is processed, which is provided by a sensor device (82) to a manipulated variable specification for the adjusting device (81) determine and the adjusting device (81) to control accordingly. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that in the machine control (80) a link between the measured state value of the drive device (6) and a default value for a desired state value of the drive device (6) is made to a manipulated variable specification for the adjusting device (81). to determine and to control the adjusting device (81) accordingly. Method according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that in the machine control (80) monitoring of a loading of the tool carrier (4) with tools (58) and / or the workpiece rotary table (3) with workpieces (55) for determining a control value specification for the adjusting device (81). A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the machine control (80) a control of the stroke length of the cyclic linear movement and / or the minimum distance between the tool carrier (4) and the workpiece rotary table (3) based on state values and at least one of the loading of the tool carrier (4) with tools (58) and / or the loading of the workpiece rotary table (3) with workpieces (55) dependent characteristic makes.

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