EP2483622A2

EP2483622A2 - Thermal storage device

Info

Publication number: EP2483622A2
Application number: EP10768864A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Steffen Belikat
Original assignee: Geoclimadesign Ag
Current assignee: Geoclimadesign Ag
Priority date: 2009-09-29
Filing date: 2010-09-29
Publication date: 2012-08-08
Also published as: WO2011038891A2; WO2011038891A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal storage device comprising heat storage material housed in a housing and a heat exchanger which can be cross-flown by a fluid and which is arranged in the heat storage material. Said storage device is subdivided into a plurality of individual and separate transportable storage modules which comprise respectively a modular housing, modular heat exchanger material which is arranged in the modular housing and modular heat exchangers which are arranged in the modular heat exchanger material. The individual modular heat exchangers of the storage module are connected together such that they can be cross-flown together by the fluid.

Description

Thermal Storage Device Description

The invention relates to a thermal storage device comprising a heat transfer material accommodated in a housing and a heat exchanger arranged in the heat transfer material and permeable by a fluid.

For service water, buffer and heating storage currently filled with water or PCM materials tubes and round containers are currently used. These are structurally designed so that the container contents completely store the thermal storage volume in a content or as a container-in-container solution having different functions, e.g. Fills the heating buffer tank and the hot water tank in an internal further tank. The known thermal storage devices are usually designed in versions of 100 - 1000 liter storage volume below the set system pressure or in some cases as non-pressurized storage with internal smooth or corrugated tube heat exchangers.

In particular, if, for an effective short and long term storage of thermal energy from predominantly renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, only limited space and space, a low surface or point load and only narrow door and window openings and narrow transport routes and narrow stairs at the installation and place of use of the

CONFIRMATION COPY Memory are available, the known large-volume, complex and heavy thermal storage devices are unsuitable.

The object of the present invention is therefore the development and presentation of a compact thermal storage device which functionally fulfills the known thermal storage functions as a non-pressurized storage, but due to the compact design in addition to the usual locations and uses of heat storage in basements or heating / Domestic rooms can be used in previously, or only partially usable areas and conditions of use.

Object of the present invention is also the production of a compact thermal storage device for effective use and short or long term storage of thermal energy in the low temperature range, especially for heat pumps and low temperature heating, air conditioning and solar applications, primarily in the temperature range between 10-90 ° C. ,

Finally, another object of the present invention is to increase the volume capacity of the storage device compared to conventional storage by increasing the specific heat exchange area.

This object is achieved by a thermal storage device having a modular structure according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

A modern thermal storage device designed for low temperature applications and solar thermal systems has the following requirements:

- Modular, stackable and compliant with requirements

Container system for use and optimal use in possibly limited space and space conditions, taking into account limited access, transport and area and Traglastver- conditions in buildings or rooms.

- The thermal storage module is designed to be as simple as possible, easy to handle in terms of transport logistics, and easily completed on site or in the field to a large-volume storage volume and easily integrated into the planned or existing hydraulic system of the object.

- The thermal storage device should be designed environmentally friendly and the materials used and substances or compositions as non-toxic, recyclable, energy-optimized and safe to use in use.

- The thermal storage module should be ergonomically designed and, if possible by 1 person without the help of other means of transport and / or transport aids manually raised and portable and within the current load handling regulation (less than 35 kg for transport distances of up to 15 m) to be handled safely.

- The thermal storage module should be application-specific with different solid, gel-like or liquid heat storage media directly in the production or on-site can be filled, the structural properties and shape and design of the required by the pressureless design internal heat exchanger must be optimally used and designed for all usable storage media ,

Previously offered and used in the market thermal storage devices do not meet these requirements or only inadequate. Most systems use expensive and heavy steel and stainless steel containers or bulky plastic containers. Other manufacturers solve the problem of large-volume transport or use in confined spaces by welding together or sticking the storage containers together on site. A rational production and cost-effective transport of the heat storage is not possible. The common thermal storage devices have, depending on the application function, none, one or more internal heat exchanger. These heat exchangers are specially tuned to gas, oil condensing or CHP technology and compared to low-temperature heating systems to a higher temperature level, usually between 45 ° C for heating purposes and up to 80 ° C for hot water production and storage.

When using heat pumps as well as when using modern surface heating and cooling systems, also in combination with solar low-temperature collector systems, these integrated tube or coil heat exchangers are used for heating or tempering due to the lower temperature level of 30-35 ° C set and prevailing there usually too small dimensioned in their heat transfer performance, which means that the generated by these systems at a lower temperature level larger transported fluid amount can not be transferred quickly enough in the used heat storage medium or removed from the heat storage medium.

The shape and outer and inner design of the thermal storage device according to the invention is characterized by the following defined corner points:

- The thermal storage device according to the invention should largely stable shape stored therein heat storage medium and be stable over a long period of cycles, which means that multi-year daily loading and unloading processes are ensured and they spatially optimally stackable and combinable with the adjacent room and optimally with outside different insulating materials should be customizable dammbar.

- As housing material comes for the thermal storage modules

Cost reasons and for the function sufficiently preferably a simple top and bottom closed folded cardboard box, as well (Heavy) corrugated cardboard designated for use. Of course, the thermal storage device can also be made in the form of plastic or metal cassettes, but this does not seem optimal for cost and environmental reasons.

- The size or volume of the thermal storage modules according to the invention results from the planned limitation of the individual weight of the memory modules to about 30-32 kg.

Since the module heat storage medium used in the thermal storage devices stored virtually without pressure, which means only statically acting on the module housing by the realized filling height in the module housing, the outer design can be chosen practically free and is not primarily on tubular round or spherical container solutions set. As optimal stacking, combinable and dammbar a cuboid or box-shaped or box-shaped solution has been found.

In contrast to large-volume round container solutions, the (heavy) corrugated cardboard used to form the module housing can be stored in the folded state to save space in the production of the thermal storage device and deployed in the final storage device form only at the moment of production of the thermal storage module. As a result, significant transport and storage capacities and thus costs are saved.

- Since the transport of heat storage to the place of use is usually done on pallets, disposable or Euro pallets, the outer dimensions of the memory modules are suitably determined largely by the usual Euro pallet dimensions for the inventive thermal storage device expediently.

- In the thermal storage device according to the invention also water, aqueous solutions or phase-change material (PCM) can be used as a module heat transfer material, the module housing can be lined inside with a water and / or diffusion-tight lining, such as a plastic bag. When using dense plastic cassettes or metal cassettes as a module housing may be dispensed with an inner additional lining under certain circumstances. In both cases, therefore, the module heat carrier material is loosely arranged in the module housing, and adjacent to the module heat exchanger.

Alternatively, the module heat transfer material can also be divided into several parts, each individually in plastic bags or e.g. flat metal plates and placed within the module housing. Preferably, these bags or sheets are layered arranged between levels of the heat exchanger tubes of the module heat exchanger.

Since the fluids or substances used as module heat transfer material in the storage modules are generally non-toxic or aggressive to other substances used, a further additional securing of the module housing against damaging environmental influences, even for transport purposes, can be dispensed with.

- To be in the thermal storage device module heat exchanger, in contrast to customary in storage copper or stainless steel pipe based heat exchangers higher demands in terms of heat exchanger surface and heat transfer coefficients. According to the invention therefore preferably in the thermal storage module, a capillary-like and repeatedly in small intervals of 5-40 mm in register form folded plastic heat exchanger surface, for example made of polypropylene used. Of course, the use of specially designed heat exchanger designs made of copper, aluminum or stainless steel are conceivable, but are not favored because of the associated higher costs for this invention.

Between the register layers, the module heat transfer material is applied. assigns.

The invention achieves the following improvements over the prior art:

1) Increase in specific heat transfer performance

The use and the use of register-shaped Kapillarmat- tenflächen as a module heat exchanger, a large increase in the heat exchanger surface in the available space and volume is achieved over the current state of the art. By designing the e.g. 2-6 times folded capillary heat exchanger, a uniform loading or unloading of the entire storage volume of the memory module is ensured without internal stratification and microcirculation of the module heat carrier used.

Since plastic is the preferred material for the module heat exchanger, the heat transfer between the storage volume and the heat transfer fluid flowing through will generally be slightly worse than when using copper pipe or stainless steel corrugated pipe as a heat exchanger. This disadvantage is compensated or even greatly improved in the present invention by the much larger capillary-shaped arranged in the memory module and multiply folded memory area of the module heat exchanger and a high penetration density of the module heat transfer material. In the current state of the art, approximately 2-3 m ² smooth or corrugated tube heat exchanger surface are generally used for a 500-1000 liter buffer heat storage. With a comparable combination for 500-1000 liter storage equivalent when using then necessary 16-33 memory modules, the invention has an active capillary heat exchanger surface of 30-60 m ² , which is suitable for modern heating systems based on low system temperatures with heat pumps or the use of solar energy Flat or low temperature collectors is considered to be optimal, much more effective and better tuned. ) Versatile design

The thermal storage device according to the invention can be used as a single component as a non-pressure 30 liters / 30 kg small storage with highly effective internal compact heat exchanger due to the extremely compact design.

When interconnected, this thermal storage device is composed of a larger number and in any combination of modular memory modules. This results in a flexible large-capacity storage system, which can be optimally adapted to customer and application requirements and expanded. ) Improved occupational safety and transport optimization

Compared to the current state of the art, the thermal storage device according to the invention in the form of individual memory modules without health risk and other tools can be raised by 1 person from the range and carried to the intended location. Conventional prior art storage solutions typically require two or more people and additional transport and lifting equipment to be provided at the site of construction or use. ) Improved compatibility with static and construction site conditions

Usually, conventional tube stores are already insulated as a complete unit, or delivered separately as a pressure vessel and insulation and installed on site. This variant leads in conventional tubular containers to constructive limits that are not negligible.

• The diameter of the container with / without insulation must not exceed the maximum opening width and height of the doors, aisles and stairs at the place of use.

• The height of the container with / without insulation may not exceed the maximum ceiling height, including any necessary. Tilting dimension "for installation, do not exceed.

• The point or area load of the store results from the relatively high inherent storage weight (steel or stainless steel) and the capacity of the heat transfer material resulting from the dimensions. As a rule, a surface load of 1000 kg / m ^{2 works} on a 0.60 m ² surface in the case of a 500 liter water reservoir and thus about 600 kg total weight of the construction.

Thus, for example, for solar storage of heat with the use of 2 such stores than 1000 liters of buffer storage in false ceilings or loft in normal residential buildings usually not possible and static not allowed.

A 1000 liter storage solution based on the invention presented here can be achieved by lying the thermal storage device at necessary 33 thermal storage modules ä about 30-32 kg net weight including heat carrier material filling, for example, on a pointed bottom surface of 16 m ² with a surface load of 62 kg / m ² under the statically defined for false ceilings according to DIN 1055-3 (load assumptions for constructions) max. 00 kg / m ² are used. Due to the compact design of the thermal storage device with dimensions of approximately (height) 600 mm x (width) 700 mm and 70-100 mm (depth), introduction, for example through small skylights, also hardly represents a restriction.

Thus, by the use of the invention of a compact thermal storage device, a simple development in for the installation and use of large-volume storage in previously unsuitable spaces and areas can be achieved. ) More flexible manufacturing conditions with regard to investment qrad

In the production and manufacture of classic container storage systems, large production halls and time-consuming transport and technical production equipment in the area of metal and mechanical engineering are usually necessary. Furthermore, employees are required who have the necessary qualifications and authorizations (eg cutting, welding, milling, turning) feature. In addition, the usual buffer / heat storage are usually produced on an order-related basis in single or manual operation.

In contrast, both in the manufacture and in the transport of the thermal storage device according to the invention by using a (heavy) corrugated board construction for the module housing, the simple insertion of the liner, the simple hanging of the module heat exchanger, the manual, semi-automatic or automatic filling with carried out according to the customer order required module heat transfer material in a simple manner. The subsequent tight sealing of the lining and the module housing can also be performed by persons with low qualifications and without great technical knowledge and skills and without special equipment in normal

Workshop rooms are carried out.

A further advantage is that the thermal storage module according to the invention can be produced in a completely semi-automatic or fully automatic manner and even without large additional investments, even in small quantities with little mechanical and personnel expenditure. ) Production with improved total CO. Balance

Usually, welded steel or stainless steel tubes are used for the storage housings, and smooth or coiled copper or stainless steel tubes for the internal heat exchangers. This material is relatively expensive and subject to exchange-traded, highly fluctuating commodity prices.

In contrast, the proposed invention of recyclable corrugated cardboard, the internal capillary plastic heat exchanger and used as a lining serving PE bag may also be obtained from industrial waste plastics from the plastics industry and processed. This choice of material for the inventive thermal storage Direction saves raw materials and protects the environment. ) Reduction of transport costs

The transport of heat or buffer storage is usually on pallets with shock and scratch resistant outer packaging and possibly additionally necessary transport packaging. The transport pallets are transported back as one-way pallets or Euro pallets either to building rubble or specially remunerated via the logistics partner. As a rule, the storage packaging and the transport packaging are also to be recycled as plastic waste or wood / paper waste. Trucks with tail lifts, forklifts or cranes are usually required for transport between the place of production and the place of delivery.

In contrast, the present invention in the form of single modules with about 30-32 kg single weight with easy additional transport packaging with foil or cardboard from all major parcel services and one person can be easily transported. If several storage modules have to be transported on a pallet, the necessary transport safety can be achieved with only a small amount of additional packaging and transport safety material.

The preferably made of heavy corrugated cardboard housing of the thermal storage device acts already seibst as approved transfer or transport packaging. ) Performance storage by heat storage material flexibility

In almost all conventional heat storage solutions, water is generally used as the storage medium. Only in specially designed PCM latent storage systems developed for this purpose are special salt hydrates or PCM paraffins used as storage material, generally also in conjunction with and in addition to water.

The thermal storage device according to the invention is constructed so that in addition to water, all known heat storage media such as gels, activated clays and earths, salt hydrates, thermal oils or other sensitive or latently storing (eg PCM paraffins) acting heat transfer media can be filled and used as module heat storage material. The module heat storage materials can be produced and processed in special, diffusion-tight individual packaging with 3-4 kg storage material in flat bags. Subsequently, these packages, for example, 7 such packages, introduced with the interposition of the module heat exchanger in the module housing. This solution fulfills the physical and chemical requirements for the use of, for example, salt hydrates for latent heat storage, and constructively ensures a consistently small distance between the heat exchanger surfaces at the module heat exchanger. Furthermore, these bags are partially or fully automatically produced and easy to handle in the production of the thermal storage device.

Another advantage is the ability to combine different heat storage media within a single memory module. So it is possible that within a storage module when filled with 7 pieces 4 kg bags, e.g. PCM paraffin fillings and salt hydrate fillings in different combinations can be used together. When using multiple, interconnected via a common piping thermal storage modules can be made in different thermal storage modules according to the customer requirement, a flexible combination between different heat transfer media. As a result, for example, a widening of the usable latent memory area or the targeted amplification of specific memory areas in different temperature ranges can be achieved. Another advantage is that this constructive solution, the combination between sensitive and latent heat storage media is possible which may possibly lead to previously unachieved large heat storage capacities in a wider temperature ranges. ) Reduction of the layer storage disadvantages

In conventional heat accumulators or buffers the supplied or dissipated heat energy in the internal volume of water usually stored in several layers. This means that usually the coldest area at the bottom and the warmest area at the top of the storage tank are due to the thermally changing density of water. Through various, sometimes technically and structurally very expensive internal pipe and flapper constructions, we try to compensate or minimize the resulting disadvantages in these stores. The known disadvantages are the destruction of the stratification in the removal in the warm upper region and subsequent refilling of cold water.

A further disadvantage is the so-called microcirculation arising in the interior of the water column in the case of the removal of heat by slowly mixing the storage volume between cold and warm area.

These disadvantages or problems are not given in the presented invention, since the loading and unloading of the module heat storage material by a capillary heat exchanger in the storage module is uniform and simultaneously and in the entire volume of the thermal storage device.

Further embodiments and details of the invention will be explained with reference to the embodiments in the drawings. Show it:

1 shows a memory module according to the invention in perspective schematic representation;

2 shows the memory module according to the invention in teilmontierter

design;

Figure 3 in a side view of the module heat exchanger in a

Starting position; Figure 4 shows the top view of the module heat exchanger in installation position;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the module heat exchanger in FIG

Mounting position;

FIG. 6 shows the memory device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 in an enlarged view;

Figure 7 embedded in a bag or a plate module heat transfer material.

With reference to Figures 1 and 6, a memory module for constructing a thermal storage device as used for short or long term storage of thermal energy, e.g. Solar energy, use finds.

An entire thermal storage device, not shown in the drawings, consists of a multiplicity of storage modules according to FIGS. 1, 6, which are formed in a manner which will be described in more detail below and interconnected to the thermal storage device.

The memory module according to FIGS. 1, 6 comprises a module housing 1, in the interior of which a module heat exchanger 2 and a module heat carrier material 3 are arranged. Via inlet and outlet openings 8, 10, the module heat exchanger 2 arranged within the module housing 1 can be flowed through in a manner known per se by a fluid serving for transporting energy between the storage device and a consumer, eg a heater and an energy source, eg a solar module. Depending on the prevailing temperature conditions stored within the module housing 1 module heat transfer material 3 stores the energy supplied by the fluid by the module heat exchanger from the fluid into the module heat transfer material or the previously stored in the module heat transfer material energy is transferred by a heat transfer in the opposite direction from the module heat exchanger 2 on the Delivered fluid. As module heat carrier material 3, for example, PCM materials come into question. An essential feature of the apparent from Figure 1 memory module is that the module housing 1 has a cuboid, stackable and hand-portable size with a maximum edge length of eg 1, 5 m. Also, the weight of the memory module shown is chosen so that it is portable by hand, for example by not exceeding a total weight of 35 kg after filling with the module heat transfer material. The thus executed memory module can therefore be worn by a single person without the aid of means of transport by hand from a delivery point to the installation and needed at the installation due to its cuboid and easily stackable dimensions only small footprint, so that installation even on creeps and accessible / or space constrained mounting positions within a building, eg in loft, false ceilings, walls, niches and the like is in question, which are unsuitable for receiving conventional thermal storage devices.

After the number of such memory modules according to FIG. 1 calculated for the desired storage capacity has been transferred to the installation site, the individual module heat exchangers are connected to their respective inlet openings 8 and outlet openings 9 and thus interconnected to the desired thermal storage device of predetermined size. In particular, an interconnection according to the so-called Tichelmann principle comes into consideration, in which the sum of the lengths of the supply lines is equal to the sum of the lengths of the return lines.

For the formation of the essential components of the memory module, i. the module housing, the module heat exchanger and the module heat transfer material are different variants into consideration.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is proposed to form the module housing 1 from a cardboard material known per se, for example from corrugated cardboard or heavy corrugated cardboard, as can be seen from FIG. Viewed from the outside, the module housing 1 actually has the appearance of a flat cardboard packet. In the interior of the module housing 1, the module heat exchanger 2 is then arranged, which is formed by a plate heat exchanger or by one of the figures 3 to 5 apparent, a plurality of capillary tubes 6 having heat exchanger.

The module heat exchanger 2 shown in FIG. 3, which has a large number of capillary tubes 6, comprises, as illustrated here, not installed, i. unmanipulated, relaxed orientation of the common inlet opening 8, which is branched via a manifold 80 into the individual capillary tubes 6. At the opposite end, the individual capillary tubes 6 again open into a collecting tube 90, from which the discharge opening 9 leads out, so that after connection of the fluid lines the flow through the module heat exchanger 2 with the fluid is guaranteed.

The capillary tubes 6 and also the manifolds 80, 90 are preferably made of a suitable thermoplastic material, such as polyethylene, wherein the individual capillary tubes have a distance of 5 to 40 mm from each other.

Due to the elastic deformability inherent in the capillary tubes 6 in such a selection of raw materials made of thermoplastic material, it is possible, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, to fold the capillary tubes 6 in a multiple register shape, so that despite the cramped size of the interior of the module housing 1 a large heat exchanger surface 7 is obtained and the distribution or collection tubes 80, 90 come to rest on the upper side, so that they, as shown in Figure 1, on one side of the module housing 1, here the top, are accessible.

Since, when a cardboard material is used as the module housing 1, the module heat transfer material 3 to be further arranged within the module housing 1 is not loosely received in a liquid-tight manner by the cardboard material of the module housing 1, the module heat transfer material 3 is provided in a liquid-tight lining introduced into the module housing 1, for example from FIG to be arranged loosely polyethylene plastic bag 5. It was It should be noted at this point that, for better clarity of illustration in FIG. 2, the register-folded module heat exchanger 2, which is likewise arranged in the interior of the module housing 1, is not shown in accordance with FIG.

Within the plastic bag 5 serving as a lining, the heat transfer material is received in a liquid-tight manner and is in contact with the heat exchanger surface 7 with the greatest possible contact.

It can be provided, as shown in Figure 2, serving as lining bag 5 to fill only immediately before commissioning of the thermal storage device with the heat transfer material, including the bag 5 is provided with a tightly sealable opening 10 through which introduced the heat transfer material and, if necessary ., Can also be replaced at a later date due to maintenance through this opening 10.

It is also possible, instead of dividing the heat transfer material 3 into a plurality of smaller packages 30 instead of only in a single lining 5, which are arranged together and with the interposition of the module heat exchanger 2 in the interior of the module housing. This apparent from the figure 6 arrangement is chosen so that in each case a packet 30 of the module heat carrier material 3 and a register-folded position of the module heat exchanger 2 are arranged alternately laminated in the interior of the module housing 1.

The module heat carrier material 3 is placed within a casing 3a, e.g. may be formed by a flat plastic foil bag or a flat metal or plastic cartridge, see Figure 7.

Subsequently, the cardboard cover 4 of the module housing 1 are closed in a conventional manner and the thus formed memory module is transportable and operational.

It is understood that after arrangement and interconnection of a plurality of such memory modules, if necessary, even a heat-insulating Um- hüllung in the form of a against thermal losses and loss of energy insulating outer shell can be provided to all memory modules. The above-explained thermal storage module can be configured individually, or in any number and in combinations serially, in parallel or mixed to larger heat or cold storage, interconnected and thus flexibly adapted to customers and application requirements. Due to the extremely compact design of the memory modules, consisting of a small-volume, tightly closed, box-shaped housing, internal, highly efficient heat exchanger 2 and pressureless filling with Modulwärmeträgermaterialien, especially PCM materials, water, salt hydrates, thermal oils or gels or other sensitive or latent heat-storing materials or compositions, the module housing can be used directly for thermal storage purposes.

Claims

claims:

1. A thermal storage device, comprising a heat transfer material accommodated in a housing and a heat exchanger which can be flowed through in the heat transfer medium, characterized in that the storage device is subdivided into a plurality of separate and separately transportable storage modules each having a module housing (1). , in the module housing (1) accommodated module heat transfer material (3) and in the module heat transfer material (3) arranged module heat exchanger (2) and the individual module heat exchangers (2) of the memory modules are interconnected so that they are jointly flowed through by the fluid.

2. Thermal storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the module housing (1) are formed cuboid and stackable.

3. Thermal storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the module housing (1) have a housing volume of a maximum of 30-35 I.

4. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the module housing (1) made of corrugated cardboard with a within the module housing (1) arranged liquid-tight lining (5, 3a) for receiving the module heat transfer material (3) are formed.

5. Thermal storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquid-tight lining (5, 3a) is formed by at least one introduced into the module housing plastic film bag, which is filled with the module heat transfer material (3).

6. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the module housing (1) are formed from a dimensionally stable material, such as plastic or sheet steel.

7. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the module heat exchanger (2) of register-folded capillary tubes (6) is formed from a plastic.

8. Thermal storage device according to claim 7, characterized in that the capillary tubes (6) have a distance of 5 to 40 mm from each other.

9. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the module heat exchanger (2) includes a plate heat exchanger.

10. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the module heat carrier material (3) is formed by solid, gelatinous or liquid storage media.

11. Thermal storage device according to claims 10, characterized in that a PCM material is used as module heat carrier material (3).

12. A thermal storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is pressureless, i. only by the static pressure of the module heat transfer materials used (3) on the module housing (1) is operable.

13. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for simultaneous loading and unloading a further module heat exchanger (2) within the module housing (1) is provided.

14. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the module housing (1) or the optionally provided liquid-tight lining (5, 3a) has a tightly closable opening for filling or emptying of the module heat carrier material (3).

15. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the memory modules are arranged together in a against thermal loss and loss of energy insulating outer shell.

16. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that as a module heat transfer material (3) the same or different heat transfer material is used, which is individually packed in flat bags or flat plates (3a) and layered in the module housing.

17. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the module heat exchanger of the memory modules are interconnected by the Tichelmann principle.

18. Thermal storage device according to one of claims 7 to 17, characterized in that the module heat carrier material (3) in flat bags or plates (3a) is packed into packages (30) and the packages (30) between the register-folded capillary tubes (6). the module heat exchanger (3) are arranged layered.