EP2476131B1 - Protection device for an electric unit - Google Patents

Protection device for an electric unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2476131B1
EP2476131B1 EP10747613.7A EP10747613A EP2476131B1 EP 2476131 B1 EP2476131 B1 EP 2476131B1 EP 10747613 A EP10747613 A EP 10747613A EP 2476131 B1 EP2476131 B1 EP 2476131B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protection device
metal
electric unit
connection
current
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EP10747613.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2476131A1 (en
Inventor
Lutz Mueller
Christian Rebhan
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/42—Switches operated by change of humidity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective device for an electrical device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such protective devices are already known in a variety of ways from the prior art.
  • fuses in the form of fuses are known, which break the supply of power to an electrical device when excessive current (e.g., short-circuited) occurs.
  • automatic battery shutters are known in motor vehicles to shut off the power supply from the car battery, should an accident have occurred.
  • a critical operating condition in an electrical device also occurs when water enters the electrical device. This can happen, for example, in motor vehicles in that via the electrical plug connection to the electrical device, in particular a wiring harness, water enters the strands of the connection cable through leaky cables and flows via capillary action along the strand into the device plug and then into the device. The penetrated into the electrical device water can then cause uncontrolled failures due to electrolysis.
  • US2003 / 0026097 A1 discloses a protective device for an electrical device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has the object, a protective device for an electrical device after the The preamble of claim 1 further such that upon entry of water into the electrical device, an electrical line, in particular a power supply within the electrical device, safely switched off.
  • the fuse must be designed such that it is non-toxic or ROHSkompatibel trained and a reconnection of the electrical device is safely avoided.
  • This object is achieved in a protective device for an electrical device having the features of claim 1.
  • the invention is based on the idea that the protective device consists of a rapidly corrosive material, which interrupts a current-conducting cross section in the electrical device in case of corrosion.
  • the protective device at least in its region prone to corrosion, consists of a metal or a metal alloy which, under the influence of moist air, only tends to surface oxidation and has a low electrical resistance.
  • the protective device reacts only to the presence of water or aqueous solutions, while moist air, which is reduced for example by heating of the electrical device by evaporation for the electrical functioning of the electrical device is not a disadvantage.
  • Magnesium, aluminum or a lanthanide as the main constituent have proven to be particularly preferred metals or metal alloys.
  • lithium, calcium or another alkaline earth metal is used as an alloying constituent to the metal constituents mentioned.
  • the tendency to corrode can be increased if, as alloy constituent, a noble metal is used compared to the parent metal becomes when the base metal is at least locally surface-coated with a nobler metal, or when the base metal is formed porous, for example by a sintering process of a metal piece.
  • the protective device is surface-lacquered with a lacquer layer, in particular a water-soluble protective lacquer, for example based on polyvinyl alcohol.
  • a lacquer layer reduces the corrosion sensitivity of the protective device. This may be desirable, for example, if only a response of the protective device is desired only from a certain water content.
  • the corrosion resistance is increased, is then achieved with a surface finish that the protection device takes longer, but it responds, but then corroded very quickly or causes the power interruption in the desired manner ,
  • At least one contact point of the current-carrying line to the protective device is possible for at least one contact point of the current-carrying line to the protective device to consist of a metal that is more noble than the protective device, in particular of a copper-based alloy.
  • a defined location or a defined location is formed at which the power interruption takes place.
  • a structurally relatively simple implementation of the protection device according to the invention which also allows a rapid response by their relatively large surface attack for water, is created when the protective device is tubular and the ends of the protective device are electrically connected by a crimp connection to the current-carrying line.
  • the protective device is wire-shaped and that the ends of the protective device are electrically connected by a clamping, welding or soldering connection to the current-carrying line.
  • a manufacturing technology particularly preferred embodiment of the protective device in which this similar to fully automatic z. B. can be fitted to printed circuit boards is given if the protective device is designed as a cross-section at least approximately rectangular metal piece and that the ends of the protective device have a tinning.
  • a further structural embodiment of the invention provides that the protective device is designed as a plug pin, which is contacted with its one end with a plug connection having cable connection electrically.
  • the protective device can also be arranged directly behind the connector pin.
  • the electrical connection behind the connector pin has an opening to the connector. In the latter cases, the protective device is placed very close to the presumed location of the water inlet of the electrical device, so that it is very sensitive.
  • the first protective device 10 is part of an electrical device, not shown in detail, in particular a control device in a motor vehicle.
  • the protective device 10 is arranged by way of example on a circuit board 12 within a control unit housing.
  • On the circuit board 12 an electrical circuit, also not shown, is arranged, which serves, for example, the control of functions of the motor vehicle.
  • the control unit is equipped by means of a power supply, which is formed on the circuit board 12 as a current-carrying line 13.
  • the current-carrying line 13 is, for example, a conductor track consisting of copper or of a copper-based alloy which has an interruption 14 in the region of the first protective device 10.
  • the two mutually facing ends 16, 17 of the line 13 are electrically bridged by means of the first protective device 10 or electrically conductively connected to each other.
  • the protective device 10 by way of example, an approximately rectangular cross-sectional area exhibiting metal piece 18 which is provided in the region of its two ends serving as contact points each with a metallization, in particular with a solderable metallization 19.
  • the metal piece 18 in the manner of an SMD component consists of a metal that corrodes under the influence of water.
  • it consists of magnesium, aluminum or a lanthanide or a metal alloy with at least one of said elements as the main constituent.
  • lithium, calcium or another alkaline earth metal may be used as alloy constituents for the metals mentioned.
  • the metal piece 18 may also be surface-coated with a metal that is more noble than the material of the metal. Such a selection of materials also ensures that the metal piece 18 under the influence of moist air tends only to surface oxidation and, overall, has a low electrical resistance.
  • a solder joint instead of a solder joint, however, a welded connection or a clamping connection can also be provided. In principle, all the usual joining techniques that allow conductive components to be interconnected are possible.
  • the second protective device 30 has a wire-shaped metal piece 31.
  • the wire-shaped metal piece 31 is made of the same materials as the metal piece 18 in the first protection device 10.
  • the protection device 30 is surface-painted.
  • the lacquer layer 32 consists in particular of a water-soluble protective lacquer, for. B. based on polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the metal piece 31 is bluntly connected at both ends to the two ends 33, 34 of an electrical line 35, z. B. by means of circumferential welds 36, 37th
  • the third protection device 40 has a tubular metal piece 41.
  • the metal piece 41 consists of the same materials as the metal piece 18 and the metal piece 31 in the first protection device 10 and the second protection device 30, respectively.
  • the two ends of the metal piece 41 are connected by means of a crimp connection 42, 43 with the ends 44, 45 an electrical line 46 connected.
  • the ends 44, 45 of the metal piece 41 are open, so that water can easily reach the inner surface of the metal piece 41.
  • a fourth protection device 50 is shown.
  • the fourth protective device 50 is arranged within a control unit 52 having a housing 51.
  • the housing 51 has a plug region 53, which is penetrated by a plurality of plug pins 54, 55.
  • the control unit 52 and the connector pins 54, 55 are electrically contacted by means of mating connector 56, 57 of a wiring harness not otherwise shown.
  • the rigid connector pins 54, 55 are electrically connected to a circuit board 58, which carries the also not shown electrical or electronic circuit.
  • the power supply of the control unit 52 serving connector pin 54 consists here at least partially of the same material as the metal piece 18 or the metal piece 31.
  • the plug pin 54 in the plug portion 53 of said metal may also be arranged directly behind the plug pin 54 (not shown).
  • the electrical connection behind the connector pin has an opening to the connector.
  • the protective devices 10, 30, 40 and 50 according to the invention all work in the same manner, by the action of water in the region of the metal piece 18, 31, 41 and the connector pin 54, the said component corroded within a very short time and so the current-carrying cross-section over the entire surface gets destroyed.
  • the protective devices 10, 30, 40 and 50 described so far can be modified in many ways.
  • protective coatings are conceivable for all protective devices.
  • a plurality of protective devices 10, 30, 40, 50, or a combination of different protective devices 10, 30, 40, 50 may be provided in the electrical device.
  • a further protective layer which consists in particular of a short-term arc-resistant and porous layer of suitable polymers, for example of silicone or ceramic material, for example polymer-bound aluminum oxide.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzeinrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a protective device for an electrical device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Schutzeinrichtungen sind bereits in vielfältiger Art aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. So sind beispielsweise Überlastsicherungen in Form von Schmelzsicherungen bekannt, welche beim Auftreten eines zu hohen Stromes (z.B. verursacht durch einen Kurzschluss) die Stromversorgung in bzw. zu einem elektrischen Gerät unterbrechen. Weiterhin sind bei Kraftfahrzeugen automatische Batterieabschalter bekannt, um die Stromversorgung von der Autobatterie abzuschalten, sollte sich ein Unfall ereignet haben. Ein kritischer Betriebszustand in einem elektrischen Gerät tritt auch dann auf, wenn Wasser in das elektrische Gerät eintritt. Dies kann beispielsweise bei Kraftfahrzeugen dadurch geschehen, dass über die elektrische Steckverbindung zu dem elektrischen Gerät, insbesondere einem Kabelbaum, Wasser durch undichte Kabel in die Litzen des Anschlusskabels gelangt und über Kapillarwirkung entlang der Litze in den Gerätestecker und dann in das Gerät fließt. Das in das elektrische Gerät eingedrungene Wasser kann dann infolge von Elektrolyse unkontrolliert Ausfälle hervorrufen.Such protective devices are already known in a variety of ways from the prior art. For example, fuses in the form of fuses are known, which break the supply of power to an electrical device when excessive current (e.g., short-circuited) occurs. Furthermore, automatic battery shutters are known in motor vehicles to shut off the power supply from the car battery, should an accident have occurred. A critical operating condition in an electrical device also occurs when water enters the electrical device. This can happen, for example, in motor vehicles in that via the electrical plug connection to the electrical device, in particular a wiring harness, water enters the strands of the connection cable through leaky cables and flows via capillary action along the strand into the device plug and then into the device. The penetrated into the electrical device water can then cause uncontrolled failures due to electrolysis.

US2003/0026097 A1 offenbart eine Schutzeinrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Offenbarung der Erfindung Ausgehend von dem dargestellten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schutzeinrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weiterzubilden, dass beim Eintritt von Wasser in das elektrische Gerät eine elektrische Leitung, insbesondere eine Stromversorgung innerhalb des elektrischen Geräts, sicher abgeschalten wird. Dabei muss die Sicherung derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie ungiftig bzw. ROHSkompatibel ausgebildet ist und ein Wiedereinschalten des elektrischen Gerätes sicher vermieden wird. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Schutzeinrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Erfindung liegt dabei die Idee zugrunde, dass die Schutzeinrichtung aus einem rasch korrodierenden Material besteht, welches im Korrosionsfall einen stromleitenden Querschnitt in dem elektrischen Gerät unterbricht. US2003 / 0026097 A1 discloses a protective device for an electrical device according to the preamble of claim 1. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Based on the illustrated prior art, the invention has the object, a protective device for an electrical device after the The preamble of claim 1 further such that upon entry of water into the electrical device, an electrical line, in particular a power supply within the electrical device, safely switched off. In this case, the fuse must be designed such that it is non-toxic or ROHSkompatibel trained and a reconnection of the electrical device is safely avoided. This object is achieved in a protective device for an electrical device having the features of claim 1. The invention is based on the idea that the protective device consists of a rapidly corrosive material, which interrupts a current-conducting cross section in the electrical device in case of corrosion.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtung für ein elektrisches Gerät sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen.Advantageous developments of the protective device according to the invention for an electrical device are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention.

Insbesondere ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Schutzeinrichtung zumindest in ihrem zu Korrosion neigenden Bereich aus einem Metall oder einer Metalllegierung besteht, das unter Einfluss von feuchter Luft lediglich zu oberflächlicher Oxidation neigt und einen geringen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist. In diesem Falle reagiert die Schutzeinrichtung nur auf das Vorhandensein von Wasser bzw. von wässrigen Lösungen, während feuchte Luft, welche beispielsweise durch eine Erwärmung des elektrischen Gerätes durch Verdunstung reduziert wird für die elektrische Funktionsfähigkeit des elektrischen Geräts nicht von Nachteil ist.In particular, it is advantageous if the protective device, at least in its region prone to corrosion, consists of a metal or a metal alloy which, under the influence of moist air, only tends to surface oxidation and has a low electrical resistance. In this case, the protective device reacts only to the presence of water or aqueous solutions, while moist air, which is reduced for example by heating of the electrical device by evaporation for the electrical functioning of the electrical device is not a disadvantage.

Als besonders bevorzugte Metalle bzw. Metalllegierungen haben sich dabei Magnesium, Aluminium oder ein Lanthanid als Hauptbestandteil erwiesen.Magnesium, aluminum or a lanthanide as the main constituent have proven to be particularly preferred metals or metal alloys.

Um die Korrosionsempfindlichkeit zusätzlich zu steigern, ist es in einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass Lithium, Calcium oder ein anderes Erdalkalimetall als Legierungsbestandteil zu den genannten Metallbestandteilen verwendet wird.In order to additionally increase the sensitivity to corrosion, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that lithium, calcium or another alkaline earth metal is used as an alloying constituent to the metal constituents mentioned.

Die Korrosionsneigung lässt sich alternativ hierzu ebenfalls erhöhen, wenn als Legierungsbestandteil ein gegenüber dem Grundmetall edleres Metall verwendet wird, wenn das Grundmetall mit einem edleren Metall zumindest lokal oberflächenbeschichtet ist, oder wenn das Grundmetall porös ausgebildet wird, zum Beispiel durch einen Sintervorgang eines Metallstücks.Alternatively, the tendency to corrode can be increased if, as alloy constituent, a noble metal is used compared to the parent metal becomes when the base metal is at least locally surface-coated with a nobler metal, or when the base metal is formed porous, for example by a sintering process of a metal piece.

Es kann jedoch auch in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen sein, dass die Schutzeinrichtung mit einer Lackschicht, insbesondere einem wasserlöslichen Schutzlack, zum Beispiel auf Basis von Polyvinylalkohol oberflächenlackiert ist. Eine derartige Lackschicht verringert die Korrosionsempfindlichkeit der Schutzeinrichtung. Dies kann beispielsweise erwünscht sein, wenn erst ein Ansprechen der Schutzeinrichtung erst ab einem gewissen Wassergehalt erwünscht ist. In Kombination mit einem Grundmetall bzw. mit einem legierten Grundmetall, dessen Korrosionsbeständigkeit erhöht ist, wird mit einer Oberflächenlackierung dann der Effekt erzielt, dass die Schutzeinrichtung zwar länger benötigt, bis sie anspricht, dann jedoch sehr rasch korrodiert bzw. die Stromunterbrechung in gewünschter Weise herbeiführt.However, it can also be provided in an advantageous manner that the protective device is surface-lacquered with a lacquer layer, in particular a water-soluble protective lacquer, for example based on polyvinyl alcohol. Such a lacquer layer reduces the corrosion sensitivity of the protective device. This may be desirable, for example, if only a response of the protective device is desired only from a certain water content. In combination with a base metal or with an alloyed base metal, the corrosion resistance is increased, is then achieved with a surface finish that the protection device takes longer, but it responds, but then corroded very quickly or causes the power interruption in the desired manner ,

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist es möglich, dass wenigstens eine Kontaktstelle der stromführenden Leitung zur Schutzeinrichtung aus einem gegenüber der Schutzeinrichtung edleren Metall, insbesondere aus einer kupferbasierten Legierung, besteht. In diesem Fall wird eine definierte Stelle bzw. ein definierter Ort gebildet, an dem die Stromunterbrechung stattfindet.In a further advantageous embodiment, it is possible for at least one contact point of the current-carrying line to the protective device to consist of a metal that is more noble than the protective device, in particular of a copper-based alloy. In this case, a defined location or a defined location is formed at which the power interruption takes place.

Eine konstruktiv relativ einfache Umsetzung der erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtung, welche durch ihre relativ große Angriffsoberfläche für Wasser auch ein rasches Ansprechen ermöglicht, wird geschaffen, wenn die Schutzeinrichtung rohrförmig ausgebildet ist und die Enden der Schutzeinrichtung durch eine Crimpverbindung mit der stromführenden Leitung elektrisch verbunden sind.A structurally relatively simple implementation of the protection device according to the invention, which also allows a rapid response by their relatively large surface attack for water, is created when the protective device is tubular and the ends of the protective device are electrically connected by a crimp connection to the current-carrying line.

Alternativ hierzu, mit einem geringeren Raumbedarf der Schutzeinrichtung, kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Schutzeinrichtung drahtförmig ausgebildet ist und, dass die Enden der Schutzeinrichtung durch eine Klemm-, Schweiß- oder Lötverbindung mit der stromführenden Leitung elektrisch verbunden sind.Alternatively, with a smaller space requirement of the protective device, it can also be provided that the protective device is wire-shaped and that the ends of the protective device are electrically connected by a clamping, welding or soldering connection to the current-carrying line.

Eine fertigungstechnisch besonders bevorzugte Ausbildung der Schutzeinrichtung, bei der diese ähnlich wie bei SMD-Bauteilen vollautomatisch z. B. auf Leiterplatten bestückt werden kann ist gegeben, wenn die Schutzeinrichtung als ein im Querschnitt zumindest annähernd rechteckförmiges Metallstück ausgebildet ist und, dass die Enden der Schutzeinrichtung eine Verzinnung aufweisen.A manufacturing technology particularly preferred embodiment of the protective device, in which this similar to fully automatic z. B. can be fitted to printed circuit boards is given if the protective device is designed as a cross-section at least approximately rectangular metal piece and that the ends of the protective device have a tinning.

Darüber hinaus sieht eine weitere konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor, dass die Schutzeinrichtung als Steckerpin ausgebildet ist, der mit seinem einen Ende mit einer eine Steckerverbindung aufweisenden Kabelverbindung elektrisch kontaktiert ist. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu kann die Schutzeinrichtung auch direkt hinter dem Steckerpin angeordnet sein. Die elektrische Verbindung hinter dem Steckerpin hat eine Öffnung zum Stecker. In den zuletzt genannten Fällen ist die Schutzeinrichtung sehr nahe an dem mutmaßlichen Ort des Wassereintritts des elektrischen Gerätes angeordnet, sodass sie sehr empfindlich ist.In addition, a further structural embodiment of the invention provides that the protective device is designed as a plug pin, which is contacted with its one end with a plug connection having cable connection electrically. Alternatively or additionally, the protective device can also be arranged directly behind the connector pin. The electrical connection behind the connector pin has an opening to the connector. In the latter cases, the protective device is placed very close to the presumed location of the water inlet of the electrical device, so that it is very sensitive.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnungen.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings.

Diese zeigen in:

Fig. 1
eine erste erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung mit einem korrodierenden Metallstück in einer vereinfachten Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung unter Verwendung eines lackierten Drahtstücks in vereinfachter Seitenansicht,
Fig. 3
eine dritte erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung mit einem rohrförmigen Metallstück, das mittels einer Crimpverbindung elektrisch kontaktiert ist in einer vereinfachten Darstellung und
Fig. 4
einen vereinfachten Längsschnitt durch ein Steuergerät mit einer vierten erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtung.
These show in:
Fig. 1
a first protective device according to the invention with a corroding metal piece in a simplified side view,
Fig. 2
a second protective device according to the invention using a lacquered piece of wire in a simplified side view,
Fig. 3
a third protection device according to the invention with a tubular metal piece, which is electrically contacted by means of a crimp in a simplified representation and
Fig. 4
a simplified longitudinal section through a control device with a fourth protection device according to the invention.

In der Fig. 1 ist eine erste erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung 10 dargestellt. Die erste Schutzeinrichtung 10 ist Bestandteil eines nicht näher dargestellten elektrischen Gerätes, insbesondere eines Steuergerätes in einem Kraftfahrzeug. Die Schutzeinrichtung 10 ist beispielhaft auf einer Platine 12 innerhalb eines Steuergerätegehäuses angeordnet. Auf der Platine 12 ist eine ebenfalls nicht dargestellte elektrische Schaltung angeordnet, die beispielsweise der Steuerung von Funktionen des Kraftfahrzeuges dient. Das Steuergerät ist mittels einer Spannungsversorgung ausgestattet, die auf der Platine 12 als stromführende Leitung 13 ausgebildet ist. Bei der stromführenden Leitung 13 handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine aus Kupfer bzw. aus einer kupferbasierten Legierung bestehende Leiterbahn, die im Bereich der ersten Schutzvorrichtung 10 eine Unterbrechung 14 aufweist. Die beiden einander zugewandten Enden 16, 17 der Leitung 13 werden mittels der ersten Schutzeinrichtung 10 elektrisch überbrückt bzw. miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden. Hierzu weist die Schutzeinrichtung 10 beispielhaft ein, eine etwa rechteckförmige Querschnittsfläche aufweisendes Metallstück 18 auf, das im Bereich seiner beiden als Kontaktstellen dienenden Enden jeweils mit einer Metallisierung, insbesondere mit einer lötbaren Metallisierung 19 versehen ist.In the Fig. 1 a first protective device 10 according to the invention is shown. The first protective device 10 is part of an electrical device, not shown in detail, in particular a control device in a motor vehicle. The protective device 10 is arranged by way of example on a circuit board 12 within a control unit housing. On the circuit board 12, an electrical circuit, also not shown, is arranged, which serves, for example, the control of functions of the motor vehicle. The control unit is equipped by means of a power supply, which is formed on the circuit board 12 as a current-carrying line 13. The current-carrying line 13 is, for example, a conductor track consisting of copper or of a copper-based alloy which has an interruption 14 in the region of the first protective device 10. The two mutually facing ends 16, 17 of the line 13 are electrically bridged by means of the first protective device 10 or electrically conductively connected to each other. For this purpose, the protective device 10 by way of example, an approximately rectangular cross-sectional area exhibiting metal piece 18 which is provided in the region of its two ends serving as contact points each with a metallization, in particular with a solderable metallization 19.

Das Metallstück 18 in Art eines SMD-Bauteils besteht aus einem Metall, das unter Einfluss von Wasser korrodiert. Insbesondere besteht es aus Magnesium, Aluminium oder einem Lanthanid bzw. einer Metalllegierung mit wenigstens einem der genannten Elemente als Hauptbestandteil. Als Legierungsbestandteile zu den genannten Metallen kommen insbesondere Lithium, Calcium oder ein anderes Erdalkalimetall in Frage. Das Metallstück 18 kann auch mit einem gegenüber dem Material des Metalls edleren Metall oberflächenbeschichtet sein. Durch eine derartige Materialauswahl wird auch sichergestellt, dass das Metallstück 18 unter Einfluss von feuchter Luft lediglich zu oberflächlicher Oxidation neigt sowie insgesamt gesehen einen geringen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist.The metal piece 18 in the manner of an SMD component consists of a metal that corrodes under the influence of water. In particular, it consists of magnesium, aluminum or a lanthanide or a metal alloy with at least one of said elements as the main constituent. In particular, lithium, calcium or another alkaline earth metal may be used as alloy constituents for the metals mentioned. The metal piece 18 may also be surface-coated with a metal that is more noble than the material of the metal. Such a selection of materials also ensures that the metal piece 18 under the influence of moist air tends only to surface oxidation and, overall, has a low electrical resistance.

Die elektrische Verbindung der beiden Enden des Metallstücks 18 mit den Enden 16, 17 der Leitung 13 erfolgt mittels einer Lötverbindung, welche durch die beiden Lötverbindungen 23, 24 dargestellt ist.The electrical connection of the two ends of the metal piece 18 with the ends 16, 17 of the line 13 by means of a solder joint, which is represented by the two solder joints 23, 24.

Anstelle einer Lötverbindung kann jedoch auch eine Schweißverbindung oder eine Klemmverbindung vorgesehen sein. In Frage kommen grundsätzlich alle üblichen Verbindungstechniken, die es gestatten, leitende Bauteile miteinander zu verbinden.Instead of a solder joint, however, a welded connection or a clamping connection can also be provided. In principle, all the usual joining techniques that allow conductive components to be interconnected are possible.

In der Fig. 2 ist eine zweite erfindungsgemäße Schutzeinrichtung 30 dargestellt. Die zweite Schutzeinrichtung 30 weist ein drahtförmiges Metallstück 31 auf. Das drahtförmige Metallstück 31 besteht aus den gleichen Materialien wie das Metallstück 18 bei der ersten Schutzeinrichtung 10. Im Gegensatz zur ersten Schutzvorrichtung 10 ist die Schutzeinrichtung 30 oberflächenlackiert. Die Lackschicht 32 besteht insbesondere aus einem wasserlöslichen Schutzlack, z. B. auf Basis von Polyvinylalkohol. Das Metallstück 31 ist mit seinen beiden Enden stumpf mit den beiden Enden 33, 34 einer elektrischen Leitung 35 elektrisch leitend verbunden, z. B. mittels umlaufenden Schweißverbindungen 36, 37.In the Fig. 2 a second protective device 30 according to the invention is shown. The second protective device 30 has a wire-shaped metal piece 31. The wire-shaped metal piece 31 is made of the same materials as the metal piece 18 in the first protection device 10. In contrast to the first protection device 10, the protection device 30 is surface-painted. The lacquer layer 32 consists in particular of a water-soluble protective lacquer, for. B. based on polyvinyl alcohol. The metal piece 31 is bluntly connected at both ends to the two ends 33, 34 of an electrical line 35, z. B. by means of circumferential welds 36, 37th

In der Fig. 3 ist eine dritte Schutzeinrichtung 40 dargestellt. Die dritte Schutzeinrichtung 40 weist ein rohrförmiges Metallstück 41 auf. Das Metallstück 41 besteht aus den gleichen Materialien wie das Metallstück 18 bzw. das Metallstück 31 bei der ersten Schutzeinrichtung 10 bzw. der zweiten Schutzeinrichtung 30. Die beiden Enden des Metallstücks 41 sind mittels einer symbolisch dargestellten Crimpverbindung 42, 43 mit den Enden 44, 45 einer elektrischen Leitung 46 verbunden. Durch die Crimpverbindung 42, 43 sind die Enden 44, 45 des Metallstücks 41 offen, so dass Wasser leicht an die Innenfläche des Metallstücks 41 gelangen kann.In the Fig. 3 a third protection device 40 is shown. The third protection device 40 has a tubular metal piece 41. The metal piece 41 consists of the same materials as the metal piece 18 and the metal piece 31 in the first protection device 10 and the second protection device 30, respectively. The two ends of the metal piece 41 are connected by means of a crimp connection 42, 43 with the ends 44, 45 an electrical line 46 connected. Through the crimped connection 42, 43, the ends 44, 45 of the metal piece 41 are open, so that water can easily reach the inner surface of the metal piece 41.

In der Fig. 4 ist eine vierte Schutzeinrichtung 50 dargestellt. Die vierte Schutzeinrichtung 50 ist innerhalb eines ein Gehäuse 51 aufweisenden Steuergeräts 52 angeordnet. Das Gehäuse 51 weist einen Steckerbereich 53 auf, der von mehreren Steckerpins 54, 55 durchdrungen ist. Das Steuergerät 52 bzw. die Steckerpins 54, 55 sind mittels Gegenstecker 56, 57 eines im Übrigen nicht näher dargestellten Kabelbaums elektrisch kontaktiert. Die starren Steckerpins 54, 55 sind elektrisch leitend mit einer Platine 58 verbunden, die die ebenfalls nicht dargestellte elektrische bzw. elektronische Schaltung trägt. Der der Stromversorgung des Steuergeräts 52 dienende Steckerpin 54 besteht hierbei zumindest abschnittsweise aus demselben Material wie das Metallstück 18 bzw. das Metallstück 31. Insbesondere besteht der Steckerpin 54 im Steckerbereich 53 aus besagtem Metall. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu kann die Schutzeinrichtung 50 auch direkt hinter dem Steckerpin 54 angeordnet sein (nicht dargestellt). Die elektrische Verbindung hinter dem Steckerpin hat eine Öffnung zum Stecker.In the Fig. 4 a fourth protection device 50 is shown. The fourth protective device 50 is arranged within a control unit 52 having a housing 51. The housing 51 has a plug region 53, which is penetrated by a plurality of plug pins 54, 55. The control unit 52 and the connector pins 54, 55 are electrically contacted by means of mating connector 56, 57 of a wiring harness not otherwise shown. The rigid connector pins 54, 55 are electrically connected to a circuit board 58, which carries the also not shown electrical or electronic circuit. The power supply of the control unit 52 serving connector pin 54 consists here at least partially of the same material as the metal piece 18 or the metal piece 31. In particular, the plug pin 54 in the plug portion 53 of said metal. Alternatively or additionally, the protective device 50 may also be arranged directly behind the plug pin 54 (not shown). The electrical connection behind the connector pin has an opening to the connector.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Schutzeinrichtungen 10, 30, 40 und 50 arbeiten alle auf dieselbe Art und Weise, indem bei Einwirkung von Wasser im Bereich des Metallstücks 18, 31, 41 bzw. des Steckerpins 54 das besagte Bauteil innerhalb kürzester Zeit korrodiert und so der stromführende Querschnitt vollflächig zerstört wird.The protective devices 10, 30, 40 and 50 according to the invention all work in the same manner, by the action of water in the region of the metal piece 18, 31, 41 and the connector pin 54, the said component corroded within a very short time and so the current-carrying cross-section over the entire surface gets destroyed.

Die soweit beschriebenen Schutzeinrichtungen 10, 30, 40 und 50 können in vielfältiger Art und Weise modifiziert werden. So sind beispielsweise Schutzlackbeschichtungen bei allen Schutzeinrichtungen denkbar. Dies beinhaltet insbesondere auch, dass das Metallstück 18 der Schutzeinrichtung 10 gemäß der Figur 1 mit einer Lackschicht 32 entsprechend der Schutzeinrichtung 30 ausgestattet ist, wobei dann die verzinnten Enden 16, 17 von der Lackschicht 32 ausgeschlossen sind.The protective devices 10, 30, 40 and 50 described so far can be modified in many ways. For example, protective coatings are conceivable for all protective devices. This also includes in particular that the metal piece 18 of the protective device 10 according to the FIG. 1 is provided with a lacquer layer 32 corresponding to the protective device 30, in which case the tinned ends 16, 17 are excluded from the lacquer layer 32.

Auch können beispielsweise mehrere Schutzeinrichtungen 10, 30, 40, 50, oder eine Kombination von verschiedenen Schutzeinrichtungen 10, 30, 40, 50 in dem elektrischen Gerät vorgesehen sein.Also, for example, a plurality of protective devices 10, 30, 40, 50, or a combination of different protective devices 10, 30, 40, 50 may be provided in the electrical device.

Weiterhin ist es denkbar, dass zusätzlich zur Lackschicht 32, oder alternativ hierzu, eine weitere Schutzschicht vorgesehen ist, die insbesondere aus einer kurzfristig lichtbogenbeständigen und porösen Schicht aus geeigneten Polymeren, zum Beispiel aus Silikon oder keramischem Material, zum Beispiel polymergebundenem Aluminiumoxid, besteht. Mit einer derartigen Schicht lassen sich im Auslösefall eventuell auftretende Lichtbogen vermeiden, die die Umgebung schädigen könnten.Furthermore, it is conceivable that in addition to the lacquer layer 32, or alternatively thereto, a further protective layer is provided which consists in particular of a short-term arc-resistant and porous layer of suitable polymers, for example of silicone or ceramic material, for example polymer-bound aluminum oxide. With such a layer can be avoided in the event of fire possibly occurring arcs, which could damage the environment.

Claims (10)

  1. Protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) for an electric unit (52), wherein the protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) is arranged in a current-conducting line (13; 35; 46; 54) for the electric unit (52) and interrupts an electrical supply to the electric unit (52) in the event of a critical operating state arising, wherein the protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) consists, in at least one region and over its entire cross section area, of a material which is corroded under the influence of water, and that in the event of corrosion the current-conveying cross section area of the protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) is interrupted, wherein the protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) consists, at least in its region inclined to corrosion, of a material which tends only to superficial oxidation under the influence of moist air and has low electrical resistance,
    characterized in that
    the material is a metal alloy having magnesium, aluminium or a lanthanide as principal constituent, in that lithium, calcium or another alkaline earth metal is used as an alloying constituent, and in that the protection device (30) is surface-coated with a lacquer layer (32), in particular a watersoluble protective lacquer, for example on the basis of polyvinyl alcohol.
  2. Protection device according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    as alloying constituent use is made of a metal that is nobler than the base metal, in that the base metal is at least locally surface-coated with a nobler metal, in that the base metal has higher porosity, for example brought about by a sintering process.
  3. Protection device according to Claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    at least one contact point (16, 17) of the current-conducting line (13) of the protection device (10) is made of a metal that is nobler than the protection device (10), in particular of a copper-based alloy.
  4. Protection device according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the protection device (40) is tubular, and in that the ends of the protection device (40) are electrically connected to the current-conducting line (46) by means of a crimp connection.
  5. Protection device according, to one of Claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the protection device (30) is in the form of a wire, and in that the ends of the protection device (30) are electrically connected to the current-conducting line (35) by means of a clamp connection, welded connection or soldered connection.
  6. Protection device according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the protection device (10) is formed as a metal piece (18) of at least approximately rectangular cross section, and in that the ends of the protection device have a tin coating (19).
  7. Protection device according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the protection device (50) is formed as a plug pin (54) which is in electrical contact, by one of its ends, with a cable connection having a plug connection (56).
  8. Protection device according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    there is provided a protective coating which consists in particular of a layer of polymers, for example of silicon or ceramic material, for example polymer-bonded aluminium oxide, which layer has short-term arc-resistance and is porous.
  9. Electric unit (52) having a protection device (10; 30; 40; 50) according to one of Claims 1 to 8.
  10. Electric unit according to Claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the electric unit is a control unit (52) that can be contacted with a cable connection, in particular in a motor vehicle.
EP10747613.7A 2009-09-08 2010-08-25 Protection device for an electric unit Active EP2476131B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910029279 DE102009029279A1 (en) 2009-09-08 2009-09-08 Protective device for an electrical device
PCT/EP2010/062378 WO2011029722A1 (en) 2009-09-08 2010-08-25 Protection device for an electric unit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2476131A1 EP2476131A1 (en) 2012-07-18
EP2476131B1 true EP2476131B1 (en) 2016-07-27

Family

ID=43034125

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10747613.7A Active EP2476131B1 (en) 2009-09-08 2010-08-25 Protection device for an electric unit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2476131B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102009029279A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011029722A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6708387B2 (en) * 2015-10-07 2020-06-10 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Switch element, electronic parts, battery system
JP6708388B2 (en) * 2015-10-07 2020-06-10 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Wetting sensor, switch element, battery system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3321314A1 (en) * 1983-06-13 1984-12-13 Diehn, Manfred, 2000 Hamburg Detector for fluid
US4700082A (en) * 1985-05-08 1987-10-13 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit breaker
US5632302A (en) * 1995-12-22 1997-05-27 Lenoir, Jr.; Robert M. Overflow protection shut-off apparatus for use with a water heater
US6545428B2 (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-04-08 Fiberstars Incorporated Light fixture with submersible enclosure for an electric lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009029279A1 (en) 2011-03-10
EP2476131A1 (en) 2012-07-18
WO2011029722A1 (en) 2011-03-17

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