EP2463443B1 - Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground - Google Patents

Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2463443B1
EP2463443B1 EP20110193013 EP11193013A EP2463443B1 EP 2463443 B1 EP2463443 B1 EP 2463443B1 EP 20110193013 EP20110193013 EP 20110193013 EP 11193013 A EP11193013 A EP 11193013A EP 2463443 B1 EP2463443 B1 EP 2463443B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection head
duct
head according
helical
tapered
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20110193013
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2463443A1 (en
Inventor
Ezio Biserna
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soilmec SpA
Original Assignee
Soilmec SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soilmec SpA filed Critical Soilmec SpA
Publication of EP2463443A1 publication Critical patent/EP2463443A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2463443B1 publication Critical patent/EP2463443B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-efficiency injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground in order to form consolidated soil portions.
  • the injection head (commonly referred to as a "monitor") is fixed in the proximity of the lower end of a string of tubular rods which is rotated and withdrawn towards the surface.
  • the monitor has radial nozzles of small dimensions, through which consolidating fluid mixtures are injected into the ground.
  • the consolidating mixtures are fed to the monitor through a relatively wide duct inside the rods.
  • the fluid is diverted orthogonally from the vertical, axial direction to a transverse direction, generally a radial direction or a secant direction, in narrower ducts to the nozzles.
  • An abrupt change in direction associated with a simultaneous variation in the duct cross section, creates a highly turbulent motion in the flow. This brings about a high head loss, right in the proximity of the outlet from the nozzles, where the velocity of the flow is at a maximum.
  • the high outlet turbulence prevents the flow from leaving the nozzles in an ordered manner, or rather with the velocity vector of the single particle of fluid oriented according to the main axis of each nozzle and with the maximum energy.
  • Monitors have been proposed having inner ducts which are configured in different ways so as to divert the consolidating mixture from a vertical, upper duct, which communicates with the tubular rod directly above, to the side nozzles. Provision is generally made of one or more curved ducts which convey the fluid streams along a path having a gradual change in direction, thereby reducing turbulence.
  • US-A-5228809 discloses a monitor with an inner duct of constant cross section and regular curvature, the median axis of which lies in a vertical plane and extends from an upper, eccentric or peripheral position with respect to the central, vertical axis of the monitor to an obliquely inclined side nozzle.
  • EP-1396585-B1 provides a gradually tapered, variable curvature inner duct, the median axis of which lies in a vertical plane and extends from an upper, central position, aligned with the central, vertical axis of the monitor, to an obliquely inclined side nozzle.
  • the monitor described in EP-1231326-B1 has one or more helical inner ducts of a regularly tapered variable cross section for conveying the flow from the area of the central axis of the monitor to one or more side nozzles.
  • Italian patent application TO2010A000613 not yet published on the filing/priority date of the present application, describes a monitor having helical inner ducts which each connect the upper inlet of the monitor to a respective outlet side nozzle.
  • Each helical duct is gradually tapered three-dimensionally towards the nozzle and has a central helical line of a constant radius; the pitch of the helix gradually decreases from the upper inlet to the outlet nozzle.
  • this monitor has a high efficiency, it has a somewhat complex shape which requires expensive production processes inasmuch as the helical ducts have to respect precise geometrical demands; use is made of three-dimensional numerical control machines or production is carried out by fusion.
  • an injection head or monitor is denoted in its entirety by 10, said injection head or monitor serving to deliver a pressurized jet of a consolidating fluid mixture, usually a cement mixture, through one or more side nozzles 11 in order to break up the surrounding ground and consolidate it.
  • the monitor comprises an externally cylindrical body 12, having an internal cavity which runs in the longitudinal direction and has a variable shape, as described hereinbelow.
  • the upper end of the monitor 10 can be connected, by means of an upper thread 16, to a string of tubular rods (not shown) in order to move the monitor in the vertical and rotate it about the central, longitudinal axis z for carrying out a jet grouting process.
  • the first upper section of the through cavity forms an inlet duct 13 with a large circular cross section, similar to the cross section of the tubular rods of the overlying string. Conveyed through the inlet duct 13 into the monitor are both the consolidating pressurized mixture to be delivered to the side injection nozzles and the drilling liquid which serves to lubricate a drilling tool or bit (not shown) mountable on the lower end of the monitor, where a downwardly open threaded chamber 15 is provided.
  • the drilling liquid is conveyed through a central duct 14, coaxially inside the cylindrical body 12, from the upper inlet 13 to the lower threaded chamber 15, which is in fluid communication with the drilling tool.
  • the top of the central duct 14 is associated with a valve (not shown), which is housed in the conical seat made in the top terminal section of the duct 14 and which serves to automatically obstruct said duct 14 when the consolidating mixture is injected.
  • each duct section 17a, 17b has a semicircular inlet section 18a, 18b ( Figure 4 ) which tapers linearly downwards as far as a respective circular outlet section 19a, 19b, which is axially offset or near the periphery of the body 12 as far as possible.
  • the ducts 17a, 17b are obtained from solid, in one piece with the body 12; according to an alternative embodiment (not shown), said ducts are made up of one or more metal inserts fitted in the cylindrical cavity of the body 12.
  • said body 12 also forms a tubular portion 141 constituting the upper section of the central duct 14 for the drilling liquid.
  • a respective rigid helical tube 20a, 20b which terminates in the nozzle 11 and imparts to the fluid running through it a helical motion around the longitudinal axis Z towards the nozzle engages next to each of the outlet sections 19a, 19b.
  • Each helical tube is oriented vertically in the area in which it is connected to the respective duct 17a, 17b. In the area in which they are connected to the nozzles, the helical tubes are oriented horizontally in horizontal directions so as to form secants (i.e. in the direction of a chord) with respect to the circular transverse cross section of the cylindrical body 12.
  • there are two nozzles for directing respective jets of consolidating mixture which are balanced with respect to the central axis and offset at an angle of 180 degrees.
  • the upper ends of the helical tubes 20 are locked in an annular disc 21, which has a central through bore 22 for the central duct 14 and two diametrically opposite through bores 23a, 23b, in which the respective tubes 20a, 20b are locked.
  • the tops of the tubes 20a, 20b are provided with outer sealing elements (O rings) which engage sealingly in respective widened cylindrical seats 24a, 24b, which are formed immediately downstream of the outlet sections 19a, 19b, in order to improve the tightness and the stability of the hydraulic connection.
  • the central tubular portion 141 terminates inferiorly at the level of the widened seats 24a, 24b, and therefore below this level the inner cavity of the body 12 forms a cylindrical chamber 26 which is delimited laterally by the cylindrical inner wall of the body 12.
  • the helical tubes 20a, 20b are connected to respective tubular inserts 27 which are made of a wear-resistant metal material and each of which is fixed in a secant through bore 28 of a bushing 29, the external diameter of which corresponds to the internal diameter of the chamber 26 and to the diameter of the annular disc 21.
  • Figures 11-13 independently show a rigid subassembly consisting of the tubes 20a, 20b locked at the top in the disc 21 and fixed inferiorly to the inserts 27 and to the bushing 29. Said subassembly is preassembled separately and then fitted from below as one piece in the chamber 26 of the body 12.
  • the angular orientation assumed by the subassembly when the tubes 20a, 20b engage in the widened seats 24a, 24b corresponds to the angular position of alignment of the axes of the tubular inserts 27 with the nozzle openings 11 made in the cylindrical outer wall of the body 12.
  • a central lower tube 144 which connects to the bottom of the tubular portion 141 and completes the central duct 14 for the drilling liquid.
  • the lower disc is locked axially in the chamber 26 by means of a circlip 31, and thus constitutes an axial lower shoulder both for the above-mentioned subassembly and for the central lower tube 144.
  • the lower threaded block 32 is fitted into the bottom of the body 12, said block having the threaded chamber 15 onto which the excavation tool (for example a triblade, a drilling bit or a tricone) is screwed.
  • the helical tubes 20a, 20b may advantageously be commercially available metal tubes which merely need to be twisted like a helix with a curvature such as to make them rest laterally against the inner surface of the cylindrical chamber. It will be seen that this configuration imparts to the helical tubes the maximum helical radius which can be contained in the cylindrical chamber 26, consequently minimizing the head losses.
  • the helical tubing It is not necessary for the helical tubing to have a decreasing cross-sectional area, since the flows have already been accelerated in the ducts shaped like an inverted cone. It is important to note that the diversion of the flows takes place starting from (two) points which are as close as possible to the peripheral wall of the inner cavity of the monitor, i.e. at a long distance from the central axis. Proceeding from these eccentric positions, the radii of curvature of the ducts which convey the flows to the nozzles will become greater and, as a result, the ducts will produce smaller head losses compared to the monitors which draw the flow from the central area. It will be understood that the monitor of the present invention represents a compromise between design simplicity, limited costs and high performance.
  • the form, the dimensions and the design and operational details of the monitor can differ markedly from the embodiment described and illustrated in the appended drawings.
  • the number of nozzles and consequently the number of ducts inside the monitor into which the flow entering the monitor is distributed may differ from two.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
EP20110193013 2010-12-13 2011-12-12 Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground Not-in-force EP2463443B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO2010A000988A IT1403014B1 (it) 2010-12-13 2010-12-13 Testa di iniezione per iniettare miscele consolidanti fluide pressurizzate nel terreno

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2463443A1 EP2463443A1 (en) 2012-06-13
EP2463443B1 true EP2463443B1 (en) 2014-05-21

Family

ID=43737380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20110193013 Not-in-force EP2463443B1 (en) 2010-12-13 2011-12-12 Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2463443B1 (it)
IT (1) IT1403014B1 (it)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9896894B2 (en) 2012-10-31 2018-02-20 Soletanche Freyssinet Drilling and grouting method and apparatus

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5228809A (en) * 1989-01-27 1993-07-20 Kajima Corporation Consolidating agent injecting apparatus and injecting apparatus for improving ground
JP2002121987A (ja) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-26 Trevi Spa 掘削工具
FR2820780B1 (fr) * 2001-02-12 2003-05-02 Cie Du Sol Tete d'injection sous pression d'un liquide pour forer une excavation dans le sol
FR2843609B1 (fr) 2002-08-13 2004-10-29 Cie Du Sol Tete d'injection sous pression d'un fluide pour desagreger le terrain a partir d'un forage
ITTO20080335A1 (it) * 2008-05-06 2009-11-07 Trevi Spa Testa di iniezione per l'esecuzione di tecniche di jet grouting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO20100988A1 (it) 2012-06-14
IT1403014B1 (it) 2013-09-27
EP2463443A1 (en) 2012-06-13

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