EP2459757A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP2459757A1 EP2459757A1 EP10737068A EP10737068A EP2459757A1 EP 2459757 A1 EP2459757 A1 EP 2459757A1 EP 10737068 A EP10737068 A EP 10737068A EP 10737068 A EP10737068 A EP 10737068A EP 2459757 A1 EP2459757 A1 EP 2459757A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic field
- applying
- treatment
- heating
- static magnetic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/04—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for treating a material under the effect of a magnetic field.
- the magnetic field is then considered as an additional parameter that can influence, either on the morphology of the material during its manufacture, or on the kinetics of the production processes implemented, as well as parameters such as temperature, pressure or chemical composition.
- the magnetic field can be used to modify the usage properties of a material.
- the invention developed here is aimed as well at a research and development environment as the industrial environment.
- thermomechanical treatments hot deformation, cold
- intermediate thermal or chemical treatments it is desired to be able to use a magnetic field to influence the microstructure and therefore the characteristics of a material, as an alternative to the means already largely optimized for many years in metallurgy, such as variations in chemical composition, the combined use of thermomechanical treatments (hot deformation, cold) and intermediate thermal or chemical treatments.
- the kinetics of transformation and the microstructures can be modified by the application of a magnetic field.
- This method allows the ex-situ quantitative analysis of microstructures.
- phase diagrams or other types of predictive diagrams such as TTT (Time-Temperature-Transformation) or TRC (Continuous Cooling Transformations) diagrams. .
- the TTT diagram is used to study the kinetics of phase or state transitions. This type of diagram is obtained by staged quenching experiments followed by maintenance at a given temperature, for ex-situ microstructural characterization. The rate of transformation is then measured.
- the TRC chart is used to predict the microstructure of a solid subjected to thermomechanical treatments. It presents the different areas through which a given alloy grade can pass during a cooling. It corresponds to cooling conditions close to industrial conditions. Moreover, the most interesting microstructures for industrial applications very often involve non-equilibrium structures.
- quenching in a liquid medium requires the movement of the treated sample to a medium dedicated to its quenching.
- any displacement of a conductive or magnetic material generates significant constraints on the device generating the magnetic field.
- two magnetic systems i.e. the ferromagnetic material and the generator coil
- couple by mutual induction i.e. the ferromagnetic material and the generator coil
- the displacement of a ferromagnetic material can therefore disturb or damage the magnet providing the field which is then subjected to significant mechanical forces.
- the methods developed so far consist in extracting the material from the furnace in which it is subjected to the magnetic field in order to immerse it in a quenching bath, which is located outside the magnetic field.
- the magnetic field applied to the material is not constant during the entire treatment.
- the transfer of the material constitutes a variation of the field applied to the material during its processing, on the one hand and the material on the other hand. is more subject to the field during its cooling.
- this method can be harmful for the magnet providing the field.
- An alternative for providing rapid cooling of the material in the presence of an intense magnetic field is to send a flow of gas (eg, argon or helium) thereto under pressure and at ambient temperature.
- a flow of gas eg, argon or helium
- the cooling speeds thus obtained does not exceed 50 ° C / s between 1000 0 C and 500 0 C and are much lower at lower temperatures where the cooling power of the gas becomes negligible.
- the cooling rates are generally constant over the entire temperature range and can exceed 150 ° C./s with a good sizing of the bath.
- a first object of the invention is therefore to define a method for carrying out the entire heat treatment (ie heating and quenching in liquid bath) or at least the quenching step, under the influence of a static magnetic field.
- a second object of the invention is therefore to define a method and an associated device which, more generally, make it possible to perform at least one step of applying to a material a thermal shock, a thermomechanical treatment and / or chemical under the effect of a static magnetic field actually adaptable to an industrial scale in substantially continuous treatment processes for example.
- a first subject of the invention relates to a method for treating a material under a static magnetic field having an intensity greater than 1 Tesla, comprising the following steps:
- thermomechanical and / or chemical treatment a second step of applying to the material a thermal shock and / or a thermomechanical and / or chemical treatment
- said method being characterized in that at least during said second processing step the material is subjected to the static magnetic field and in that it is held stationary in said magnetic field.
- static magnetic field is meant in the present text, as opposed to an alternating magnetic field, a magnetic field whose intensity at a given point does not vary with time cyclically and whose polarity does not vary at course of time.
- the intensity at a given point of said static magnetic field can be constant throughout the duration of the treatment or step considered.
- the set point can be changed at different times of the treatment.
- thermal shock is meant in the present text a treatment consisting in placing the material in non-equilibrium conditions so as to modify the structure and the physical characteristics abruptly and completely.
- This term is defined in opposition to a heat treatment in which the temperature of the material varies sufficiently slowly so that the transformation processes give rise to a structure composed of stable phases and little constraints.
- the treatment applied to the material during the second step of the process may include, without limitation:
- thermal shock including, for example, quenching by immersion in a liquid bath such as water or oil, or a so-called stage heat treatment, that is to say where temperature steps separated by Temperature variations along steep slopes are desired;
- a chemical treatment such as, for example, a surface treatment (such as nitriding, nitrocarburizing or their derivatives) by immersion in a bath of salts, but also a treatment in the volume of the material, such as, for example, decarburizing treatments by means of a reducing atmosphere where the chemical composition (here the mass percentage of carbon) can vary considerably;
- thermomechanical treatment including mechanical deformation (for example, compression or forming by stamping).
- the method comprises a step of measuring the physical properties of the concomitant material at the first and / or second stage or after the second stage.
- the treatment method comprises a third step consisting in applying to the material a thermal shock, and in that the material is subjected to said magnetic field while being held stationary in said magnetic field during said third step.
- the second step consists of applying a first thermal shock to the material and the third step consists of applying a second thermal shock of a reverse nature with respect to the first thermal shock.
- Another object of the invention relates to a device for applying a material to a treatment cycle under a static magnetic field, said treatment cycle comprising a heating of the material followed by a subsequent step comprising a heat shock, a treatment chemical and / or thermomechanical treatment, said device comprising:
- a support for holding the material during the stages of the cycle a device for applying said static magnetic field capable of generating a magnetic field of an intensity greater than 1 Tesla, a first system for heating the material, - a second system for the implementation of said subsequent stage of the cycle,
- said device being characterized in that the support is arranged to maintain the fixed material with respect to the magnetic field during the stages of the cycle and in that the first and second systems are movable with respect to the magnetic field.
- the device comprises a device for translating the first and second systems relative to the material disposed on the support and to the magnetic field.
- the application device of the static magnetic field is fixed relative to the support and the processing device in general, while the first and second systems are movable relative to the support and the processing device in general.
- the device for applying the static magnetic field is movable with respect to the processing device in general along a first plane of displacement, for example the horizontal plane, while the first and second systems are movable by relative to the treatment device in general according to a second plane of displacement perpendicular to the first plane of displacement, for example a vertical plane.
- the second system comprises a quench bath, a bath adapted to perform a chemical treatment of the material and / or a mechanical deformation system of the material.
- the device further comprises a system for measuring the physical properties of the material.
- the treatment device is characterized in that:
- the device for applying the static magnetic field has a shape of revolution with a field hole
- the support is a rigid piece arranged to center the material on the axis of revolution of the static magnetic field application device
- the first system and the second system are integral with one another and able to translate along the axis of revolution of the magnet under the action of a propulsion device.
- the static magnetic field application device advantageously comprises an electromagnet, a superconducting magnet, a resistive magnet, a hybrid magnet or a set of permanent magnets.
- the processing device may comprise a static magnetic field application device having at least three superconducting magnets able to move in a direction orthogonal to the translation axis of the first and second systems.
- FIG. 1 is an overall view of a device according to the invention, adapted for processing a sample of cylindrical shape
- FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the lower part of the device of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates a variant of the device according to the invention, adapted to the treatment of a flat sample, such as a tensile specimen.
- FIG. 4 shows a device for continuously processing sheets under a magnetic field using the principle of the invention on an industrial scale.
- the method according to the invention finds application not only for the processing of small samples, for example for experimental purposes in a laboratory setting, but also the processing on an industrial scale of large parts.
- the magnetic field is generated by any device to obtain the desired intensity, which is typically greater than 1 Tesla.
- the device for applying the static magnetic field is known per se. It can be a permanent magnet system, an electromagnet, a superconducting coil, a resistive magnet or a hybrid magnet (combination of a resistive magnet and a superconducting coil).
- the device for applying the static magnetic field has a shape of revolution along an axis of revolution, and comprises a field hole.
- field hole reference is made to a field hole at ambient temperature, that is to say a hole or opening traversed by the magnetic field and in which it is possible to position an element.
- a field hole at room temperature as opposed to a field hole in a liquid helium bath which generally corresponds to a magnet immersed in a bath of liquid helium for which we can not therefore position element in the field hole.
- the device for applying the static magnetic field is preferably provided to deliver a unidirectional static magnetic field inside the field hole along the axis of revolution of the device, which has for example a generally cylindrical geometry.
- the magnet is provided with a water jacket, which protects the magnet from thermal radiation emanating from the device.
- the treatment method may comprise a heat treatment followed by quenching in a quenching bath, but, as will be seen below, the treatment device may be adapted to allow, after the heating step, the application of any other thermal shock (such as, for example, rapid heating), thermomechanical treatment and / or chemical treatment.
- the quench bath is preferably sized to allow a temperature decrease with a speed of at least 50 ° C / sec, preferably at least 100 ° C / s, more preferably at least 150 ° C. / s, and more preferably at least 500 ° C / s.
- the device is designed to maintain the fixed material with respect to the magnetic field, and to move the assembly consisting of the heater and the quench bath with respect to the material and the magnetic field.
- the materials of the moving elements are judiciously chosen not to generate forces during their displacement.
- ceramics for the heating elements silicon carbide, graphite coated with boron nitride
- thermally insulating parts such as the walls of the furnace and of the quench bath (alumina).
- Brass which is non-magnetic and good electrical conductor, can be used in particular for power supplies and some fixed parts of the device.
- 304L stainless steel which is not very magnetic and resistant to high temperature, can be used for moving parts subjected to high temperatures, screws and a part of the current leads.
- the position of the material in the magnetic field can be chosen in any zone of the magnetic field, for example in a homogeneous field (ie an area in which the intensity of the magnetic field is substantially equal at any point in the material) or in a region in which field gradient (ie an area in which the intensity of the magnetic field varies spatially in the material between a minimum intensity and a maximum intensity).
- a homogeneous field ie an area in which the intensity of the magnetic field is substantially equal at any point in the material
- field gradient ie an area in which the intensity of the magnetic field varies spatially in the material between a minimum intensity and a maximum intensity
- the magnetic field is static, ie the intensity at a given point does not change cyclically over time and the polarity does not vary.
- the intensity at a given point of the magnetic field can therefore be constant or be modified in stages.
- the magnetic field may be zero during the heat treatment and have a non-zero intensity during the second step of the treatment.
- a certain amount of time may be required to go from zero intensity to the desired intensity; in this case, for example, the magnetic field is increased at the end of the first heat treatment step, so that the desired intensity is reached at the time of the second treatment.
- thermo bearings to the material under a static magnetic field having intensity levels; the temperature stages and intensity levels being substantially simultaneous.
- the device is positioned in a closed chamber equipped with valves in which the nature and the pressure of the atmosphere can be controlled.
- This embodiment is particularly advantageous when the treated material does not support an oxidizing atmosphere for example.
- the treatment device may also be equipped with a system for measuring in situ the physical properties of the material.
- the measuring system is then fixed with respect to the material and the magnetic field.
- the detailed example that will be described here relates to the treatment of a sample of small material, which may be in particular in the form of a cylinder of the order of 10 mm in height and 5 mm in diameter (first mode embodiment, illustrated in Figures 1 and 2) or a flat sheet of at most 5 mm in thickness and 50 mm in length, for example a tensile test piece (second embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 3).
- the treatment applied to the sample comprises a heat treatment followed by quenching in a quenching bath, but, as will be seen below, this device can be adapted to allow, after the heating step , the application of any other thermal shock, thermomechanical treatment and / or chemical treatment.
- the treatment device is installed in a static magnetic field device whose field hole is vertical and greater than 120 mm in diameter.
- the device described here has been tested in two types of magnets: a superconducting magnet of the CNRS / CRETA laboratory and a resistive magnet of the CNRS / LNCMI laboratory.
- the diameter of the field hole at ambient is 120 mm and the magnetic field is 11 T.
- the homogeneity of the magnetic field on the vertical axis has been measured and amounts to 3%. in the particular case of a length of 32 mm corresponding to the useful area of a normalized tensile specimen A25.
- the distance between the coil inlet and the homogeneous field area is 935 mm.
- the diameter of the field hole at ambient is 160 mm and the distance between the entry into the magnet and the homogeneous field area is 1650 mm.
- the homogeneity in the magnetic field is of the order of 0.25% over 32 mm at the position of the maximum field.
- Sample 1 is held by means of a support 2 in a fixed position with respect to the magnetic field.
- the support 2 is a rigid part which makes it possible to center the sample 1 on the axis of revolution of the magnet 3 so as, on the one hand, to overcome the significant radial magnetic forces but also to ensure the concentricity of the different parts. mobile.
- the lower part of the support 2, which holds the sample 1 to be treated, is made of alumina.
- this lower part is subjected to high thermal gradients during quenching, it is preferably replaced at each treatment.
- a first configuration of the device is adapted to the processing of samples of cylindrical shape of the order of 10 mm in height and about 5 mm in diameter.
- Sample 1 is placed inside a heating system 4 consisting of a tubular resistive element intended to generate the desired temperature for the heat treatment.
- the size of the heating zone is chosen to ensure good temperature homogeneity over the entire length of the sample. For example, it is 140 mm long and 17 mm in inner diameter.
- a quenching bath 5 Below the heating system 4 is arranged a quenching bath 5.
- the distance between the zone homogeneous in temperature of the heating part and the center of the quenching bath is adapted to the stroke of the jack, of the order of 160 mm for example.
- a second configuration of the heating system of the device allows the heat treatment, for a maximum length of 50 mm, sheets of maximum thickness 5 mm.
- the heating system 4 consists of two flat heating elements 40 positioned on either side of the test piece 1 to be treated.
- These boron nitride elements have a temperature limit of use of 900 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere and 1200 ° C. in a neutral or reducing atmosphere.
- test piece 1 On their face opposite the test piece 1, they are covered with an alumina plate 41, and enclosed in an insulating enclosure whose wall 42 is also made of alumina.
- the current leads 43 and 44 for supplying the heating elements 40 are respectively made of 304L stainless steel and molybdenum.
- the quench bath and the device for generating the magnetic field are not illustrated in FIG.
- the elements of the heater must be made of very weak magnetic materials to limit the occurrence of forces during movement in the magnetic field.
- the heating elements and the thermal insulation walls are made of ceramic, such as silicon carbide, graphite coated with boron nitride, or alumina.
- the quench bath comprises a reservoir of weakly magnetic material, for example ceramic, which contains a liquid, such as water or oil.
- a liquid such as water or oil.
- thermal gradients due to the heat transfer in the sample are considered negligible.
- the inventors have indeed verified that the microstructures obtained by quenching in a water bath at 20 ° C. were very homogeneous of the surface at the heart of the sample.
- the bath is preferably filled only a few seconds before quenching. Thus, the bath does not have time to be heated by the radiation of the oven.
- a propulsion device 6 such as a pneumatic cylinder makes it possible to translate the assembly consisting of the heating device and the quenching bath at the time of quenching, so that the heating and quenching steps are performed successively under the influence of the magnetic field, without any displacement of the treated material and the associated support.
- This propulsion device preferably comprising a jack, must have good reproducibility in its speed of movement.
- the axis of the cylinder being magnetic stainless steel, it is deported about one meter from the coil so as not to interact with the field.
- a shaft extension made of non-magnetic steel is used to deport the movement of the cylinder. It also allows easier access to the device placed under the cylinder.
- the proposed configuration allows a displacement of the assembly consisting of the heating device and the quench bath in the field hole of the static magnetic field application device. This is particularly advantageous since the application device of the static magnetic field does not undergo any heat treatment, which limits its wear and does not require its replacement between the treatment of two successive samples.
- the application device of the static magnetic field is fixed relative to the support and the processing device in general, that is to say that it is fixed with respect to the reference linked to the device.
- Only the first and second systems, for example the heating system and the quench bath, are movable relative to the support and the treatment device in general.
- Example of an embodiment in the context of an industrial treatment process The device described below with reference to FIG. 4 constitutes a complete set of high-temperature processing under static magnetic fields of parts such as industrial-size sheets.
- This large-scale processing device is designed for the continuous processing of individual parts through the use of three superconducting magnets in circular permutation on a circuit.
- Each piece 1 to be treated is mounted on a support 2 slidable along a rail 20 or any suitable structure by means of a not shown drive system.
- the processing device comprises three identical superconducting magnets 3a, 3b, 3c. As will be seen below, the three magnets are able to move horizontally on a rail 30.
- These superconducting magnets are specially designed to ensure a homogeneous magnetic field on the volume of the workpiece.
- the treatment device also comprises an assembly consisting of a heating system and a second system for implementing the second stage of the process which may be cooling in a liquid bath, a surface treatment (in a salt bath for example) or a mechanical heat treatment.
- the heating system 4 and the second system 5 are integral with each other and able to translate in a vertical direction under the action of a jack 6 or any other device. propulsion adapted.
- the proposed configuration allows a displacement of the assembly consisting of the heating system 4 and the second system 5 in the field hole of each superconducting magnet. This is particularly advantageous since the application device of the static magnetic field does not undergo any heat treatment, which limits its wear and does not require its replacement between the treatment of two successive samples.
- the elements forming the application device of the static magnetic field are movable with respect to the processing device in general and the associated reference frame, according to a first plane of displacement, for example the horizontal plane.
- the first and second systems are in turn mobile relative to the processing device in general and the associated reference frame, along a second plane of displacement perpendicular to the first plane of displacement, for example a vertical plane.
- the heating system is arranged above the quench bath.
- Each of the magnets 3a, 3b, 3c has an upper opening for the introduction and removal of the part 1 to be treated, and a lower opening for the introduction and removal of the assembly 4, 5 constituted by the heating system. and the quenching system.
- a processing cycle for a part 1 is as follows.
- the piece 1 is introduced into the leftmost superconducting magnet in FIG. 4, that is to say here the magnet 3a.
- the magnetic field generated by the magnet 3a is zero. Once the piece 1 introduced into the magnet 3a, it remains fixed inside thereof and the magnetic field generated by said magnet is increased until the desired value is reached.
- the assembly consisting of the magnet 3a and the part 1 subjected to the magnetic field is then moved vis-à-vis the system 4, 5 heating and quenching. This is made possible by a circular permutation of the magnets 3a, 3b and 3c on the rail 30.
- Said magnet / piece assembly is then at the location occupied by the magnet 3b in FIG. 4, in order to implement the process for treating the part 1.
- the heating system is introduced inside the superconducting magnet and is held there for the time necessary to bring the workpiece 1 to the desired temperature.
- system 4, 5 is further translated upward so as to place the quench bath in the magnetic field.
- the system 4, 5 is translated downwards so as to exit completely from the magnet.
- the magnet / piece assembly is then moved to occupy the position occupied by the magnet 3c in FIG.
- the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnet is reduced until a zero value is reached.
- the piece 1 is then extracted from the magnet from above thanks to a suitable conformation of the rail 20.
- the empty magnet is then moved on the rail 30 to reoccupy the position 3a of FIG. 4.
- 3b, 3c is adapted to be substantially identical in each of them. This treatment is made possible by the present invention for the following reasons.
- the relative speed of the workpiece relative to the magnet is zero at all stages of the magnetic treatment, which avoids the induction of forces by movement of the workpiece in the field.
- the magnets are subject to specific engineering so that the magnetic field in the outer vicinity of the latter is zero or negligible.
- the treatment system has been specially designed (especially with regard to the choice of materials) to not interact with the magnetic field created by the magnet when inserted into it in the same way as the device designed for smaller samples as described above.
- the second treatment step may comprise a thermal shock of fast cooling type (for example by quenching) or rapid heating, a thermomechanical treatment and / or a chemical treatment.
- the first heating step consists of bringing the sample to a first stabilized temperature, for example the ambient temperature.
- a first stabilized temperature for example the ambient temperature.
- the oven 4 remains empty and is raised in temperature.
- the device is translated (reverse movement from that performed for quenching) and the sample is thus found almost instantaneously in the oven for rapid heating, which corresponds to the heat shock of the second treatment step.
- the heating is rapid since the temperature of the sample does not depend on the thermal inertia of the heating device but the specific characteristics of the sample such as for example geometry, mass, specific heat.
- the sample can very quickly reach the desired temperature, which is not the case in the known processes where the temperature increase inertia of the oven is present.
- heating rates of several tens of degrees per second can be achieved, for example at heating rates above 10 ° C / sec, preferably above 20 ° C / sec. Rapid heating can be achieved by using a furnace control thermocouple placed 160mm above the sample thermocouple or using power control of the furnace supply.
- One of the advantages of the proposed treatment device is that it also makes it possible to follow the second step in the form of a thermal shock by a complementary processing step in the form of another thermal shock of inverse nature.
- the second treatment step is a thermal shock of rapid heating type as presented above
- the second treatment step is a rapid cooling type thermal shock
- this step can be followed by another rapid heating type heat shock.
- it will perform a translation of the assembly consisting of the heating system and the quench bath, in order to extract the sample quench bath for introduction into the oven (this oven having mounted at no load temperature, during rapid cooling).
- the material being subjected to the static magnetic field while being held stationary in said magnetic field for at least the second and third stages of the treatment.
- second thermal shock of opposite nature with respect to the first thermal shock it is meant that the second thermal shock is a heating if the first thermal shock is a cooling, and respectively that the second thermal shock is a cooling if the first thermal shock is a heater.
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0955380A FR2948688B1 (fr) | 2009-07-31 | 2009-07-31 | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
| PCT/EP2010/061028 WO2011012673A1 (fr) | 2009-07-31 | 2010-07-29 | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2459757A1 true EP2459757A1 (fr) | 2012-06-06 |
| EP2459757B1 EP2459757B1 (fr) | 2017-05-17 |
Family
ID=41818912
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10737068.6A Active EP2459757B1 (fr) | 2009-07-31 | 2010-07-29 | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9181596B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2459757B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2948688B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2011012673A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2948688B1 (fr) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-02-03 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
| FR2980214B1 (fr) | 2011-09-20 | 2013-09-27 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Dispositif et procede de chauffage d'un objet sous un champ magnetique intense |
| US11466935B2 (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2022-10-11 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for altering microstructures of materials |
| CN113337704B (zh) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-06-16 | 成都昆吾科技有限公司 | 一种通过静磁场设施实现交变或脉冲磁场作用的方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2002696A (en) * | 1933-11-11 | 1935-05-28 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Magnetic material |
| DE1259367B (de) * | 1957-06-11 | 1968-01-25 | Forsch Metallische Spezialwerk | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines magnetisierbaren Werkstoffes mit rechteckiger Hystereseschleife und vorzugsweise hoher Anfangspermeabilitaet aus Ni-Fe-Legierungen |
| FR2510142A1 (fr) * | 1981-07-23 | 1983-01-28 | Bukarev Vyacheslav | Procede de nitruration de pieces de circuits magnetiques en fer " armco " et pieces de circuits magnetiques nitrurees conformement audit procede |
| DE3129939C2 (de) * | 1981-07-29 | 1985-03-28 | Vjačeslav N. Bukarev | Verfahren zum zweistufigen Nitrieren von Teilen aus Eisen |
| US4769091A (en) * | 1985-08-20 | 1988-09-06 | Hitachi Metals Ltd. | Magnetic core |
| AU600345B2 (en) | 1987-03-23 | 1990-08-09 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co. Ltd. | Method of manufacturing superconducting ceramics under a magnetic field |
| US5225005A (en) * | 1991-03-28 | 1993-07-06 | Cooper Power Systems, Inc. | Method of annealing/magnetic annealing of amorphous metal in a fluidized bed and apparatus therefor |
| US5494534A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-02-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Method of heat treating an amorphous soft magnetic article |
| JPH10287921A (ja) | 1997-04-15 | 1998-10-27 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 鋼材の磁場中熱処理方法 |
| FR2779267B1 (fr) | 1998-05-28 | 2000-08-11 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Procede de preparation d'un materiau magnetique par forgeage et materiau magnetique sous forme de poudre |
| JP4691240B2 (ja) | 1999-12-17 | 2011-06-01 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 複相組織鋼の組織制御方法 |
| US6773513B2 (en) | 2002-08-13 | 2004-08-10 | Ut-Battelle Llc | Method for residual stress relief and retained austenite destabilization |
| US7161124B2 (en) * | 2005-04-19 | 2007-01-09 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Thermal and high magnetic field treatment of materials and associated apparatus |
| US20110000588A1 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-06 | Alexander Bogicevic | Continuous production system for magnetic processing of metals and alloys to tailor next generation materials |
| FR2948688B1 (fr) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-02-03 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede et dispositif de traitement d'un materiau sous l'effet d'un champ magnetique |
| US8993942B2 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2015-03-31 | The Timken Company | Apparatus for induction hardening |
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2009
- 2009-07-31 FR FR0955380A patent/FR2948688B1/fr active Active
-
2010
- 2010-07-29 WO PCT/EP2010/061028 patent/WO2011012673A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2010-07-29 US US13/388,171 patent/US9181596B2/en active Active
- 2010-07-29 EP EP10737068.6A patent/EP2459757B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| See references of WO2011012673A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US9181596B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
| FR2948688B1 (fr) | 2012-02-03 |
| FR2948688A1 (fr) | 2011-02-04 |
| EP2459757B1 (fr) | 2017-05-17 |
| US20120125486A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
| WO2011012673A1 (fr) | 2011-02-03 |
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