EP2455820A2 - Driving organ for clockwork - Google Patents

Driving organ for clockwork Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2455820A2
EP2455820A2 EP11188982A EP11188982A EP2455820A2 EP 2455820 A2 EP2455820 A2 EP 2455820A2 EP 11188982 A EP11188982 A EP 11188982A EP 11188982 A EP11188982 A EP 11188982A EP 2455820 A2 EP2455820 A2 EP 2455820A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
springs
barrel
plate
motor
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Granted
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EP11188982A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2455820A3 (en
EP2455820B1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Perreux
Christophe Avril
Jean-Michel Tisserand
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Cartier International AG
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Cartier Creation Studio SA
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Publication of EP2455820A3 publication Critical patent/EP2455820A3/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/12Driving mechanisms with mainspring with several mainsprings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G04HOROLOGY
    • G04BMECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/14Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
    • G04B1/145Composition and manufacture of the springs

Definitions

  • the motor member of the invention can be advantageously used in a timepiece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)

Abstract

The driving mechanism (1) has main spring unit with first spring (8) and second spring (11) made of fiber-reinforced polymer. The inner extremity (10) and outer extremity (13) of first and second springs are respectively coupled to center (16) and periphery (15) of plate (14) so that two springs simultaneously wind up around axis when driving mechanism is wound up. The outer extremity (9) and inner extremity (12) of first and second springs are respectively fastened to outer drum (6) of barrel and coupled to arbor (3).

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne un organe moteur pour mouvement d'horlogerie comportant plusieurs ressorts. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne un organe moteur ayant une réserve de marche supérieure aux organes moteurs conventionnels tout en ayant une longue durée de vie et en maximisant la restitution de l'énergie emmagasinée.The present invention relates to a motor unit for a watch movement comprising several springs. More particularly, the present invention relates to a motor member having a power reserve superior to conventional drive members while having a long life and maximizing the return of stored energy.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Le ressort de barillet spiral est l'organe permettant d'emmagasiner l'énergie mécanique nécessaire au fonctionnement de la montre. Généralement, ses dimensions géométriques et les propriétés mécaniques du matériau qui le compose déterminent l'énergie potentielle que le barillet spiral est capable d'emmagasiner et le couple maximal qu'il délivre. Dans le domaine des mouvements de montres mécaniques, il est bien connu de remplacer l'organe moteur usuel comprenant un seul barillet à ressort par un groupe de deux barillets couplés en série, afin d'accumuler une énergie potentielle assez grande pour assurer une réserve de marche supérieure aux quelques 40 heures habituelles, sans affecter les performances chronométriques de la montre ni le rendement des rouages. On trouvera une explication détaillée des caractéristiques fonctionnelles d'un tel organe moteur dans le brevet CH610465 , qui présente comme exemples une disposition superposée et une disposition juxtaposée des barillets. Dans ce brevet, c'est la disposition superposée qui est choisie, parce que le couple peut se transmettre d'un barillet à l'autre directement via un arbre commun, ce qui évite les pertes de place et de rendement dues à l'engrenage de renvoi qui est nécessaire dans la disposition juxtaposée. Un tel organe moteur souffre cependant d'une hauteur importante due à la superposition des barillets.The spiral barrel spring is the organ for storing the mechanical energy necessary for the operation of the watch. Generally, its geometric dimensions and the mechanical properties of the material that compose it determine the potential energy that the spiral barrel is capable of storing and the maximum torque that it delivers. In the field of mechanical watch movements, it is well known to replace the conventional motor unit comprising a single spring barrel by a group of two barrels coupled in series, in order to accumulate a potential energy large enough to ensure a reserve of it is better than the usual 40 hours, without affecting the chronometric performance of the watch or the efficiency of the wheels. A detailed explanation of the functional characteristics of such a motor member will be found in the patent. CH610465 , which presents as examples a superimposed arrangement and a juxtaposed disposition of the barrels. In this patent, it is the superimposed arrangement that is chosen because the torque can be transmitted from one barrel to the other directly via a common shaft, which avoids the space and efficiency losses due to the gearing. referral that is necessary in the juxtaposed provision. Such a motor member, however, suffers from a large height due to the superposition of the barrels.

Dans la demande de brevet EP2060957 , un organe moteur à deux barillets coaxiaux superposés est décrit où deux ressorts superposés sont reliés à un même arbre mais appartiennent aux deux barillets superposés. Afin de minimiser la hauteur de l'organe moteur, les couvercles des barillets sont remplacés par un disque de séparation en matériau antifriction, disposé entre deux ressorts.In the patent application EP2060957 a motor unit with two superposed coaxial barrels is described where two superposed springs are connected to the same shaft but belong to the two superposed barrels. In order to minimize the height of the drive member, the caps of the barrels are replaced by a separating disc made of antifriction material, arranged between two springs.

Le document US249845 décrit un organe moteur utilisant un seul tambour de barillet muni de deux ressorts superposés, enroulés en sens inverse afin de s'enrouler ou de se dérouler en série. Les ressorts sont fixés à leur extrémité intérieure à l'arbre du barillet et à leur extrémité extérieure au tambour. Les deux ressorts sont séparés par un disque de séparation qui repose sur un épaulement de l'arbre et qui le maintient en position.The document US249845 discloses a motor member using a single drum barrel provided with two superposed springs, wound in opposite directions to wind or unwind in series. The springs are fixed at their inner end to the barrel shaft and at their outer end to the drum. The two springs are separated by a separation disc which rests on a shoulder of the shaft and holds it in position.

Le disque de séparation décrit dans les deux documents ci-dessus est cependant sujet à usure, même dans le cas où le disque est en matériau antifriction. Cette usure peut être rapide, particulièrement dans le cas de frottement des ressorts métalliques contre le disque, et peut générer des débris d'usure susceptible de se répandre dans un mécanisme d'horlogerie utilisant l'organe moteur. De plus, le disque de séparation peut également être une source de dissipation de l'énergie emmagasinée due aux frottements entre les ressorts superposés et le disque.The separating disc described in the two documents above is however subject to wear, even in the case where the disc is made of antifriction material. This wear can be rapid, particularly in the case of friction of the metal springs against the disc, and can generate wear debris may spread in a clockwork using the motor. In addition, the separation disk can also be a source of dissipation of stored energy due to friction between the superposed springs and the disk.

Bref résumé de l'inventionBrief summary of the invention

Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un organe moteur exempt des limitations de l'art antérieur connu.An object of the present invention is to provide a motor member free from the limitations of the known prior art.

Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un organe moteur ayant une réserve de marche supérieure aux organes moteurs conventionnels tout en ayant une faible hauteur et en minimisant les frottements des ressorts et donc l'usure.Another object of the invention is to provide a motor member having a higher power reserve to conventional drive members while having a low height and minimizing the friction of the springs and therefore wear.

Selon l'invention, ces buts sont atteints notamment au moyen d'un organe moteur comportant un barillet monté sur un arbre de sorte à pouvoir tourner autour d'un axe de l'arbre lorsque l'organe moteur est remonté; une unité ressort moteur comprenant un premier et deuxième ressorts enroulés à l'intérieur du barillet de façon superposée et coaxiale l'un par rapport à l'autre, le premier et le deuxième ressorts étant couplés à l'une de leur extrémité au barillet et à l'arbre, respectivement; l'unité comprenant en outre un plateau monté coaxial entre les deux ressorts; caractérisé en ce que le plateau est monté en rotation sur l'axe; et en ce que le premier et le deuxième ressorts sont couplés à leur autre extrémité au centre et à la périphérie du plateau, respectivement, de sorte que les deux ressorts s'arment simultanément autour de l'axe lorsque l'organe moteur est remonté.According to the invention, these objects are achieved in particular by means of a motor member comprising a barrel mounted on a shaft so as to be rotatable about an axis of the shaft when the drive member is raised; a motor spring unit comprising first and second springs wound inside the barrel superimposed and coaxial with each other, the first and second springs being coupled at one end to the barrel and to the tree, respectively; the unit further comprising a plate mounted coaxially between the two springs; characterized in that the plate is rotatably mounted on the axis; and in that the first and second springs are coupled at their other end to the center and the periphery of the plate, respectively, so that the two springs arm simultaneously around the axis when the motor member is raised.

Dans un mode de réalisation, l'organe moteur comprend plusieurs unités ressort moteur montées en série.In one embodiment, the motor member comprises a plurality of motor spring units connected in series.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les premier et deuxième ressorts sont fabriqués en polymère renforcé de fibres.In another embodiment, the first and second springs are made of fiber reinforced polymer.

L'organe moteur de l'invention peut être avantageusement utilisé dans une pièce d'horlogerie.The motor member of the invention can be advantageously used in a timepiece.

Cette solution présente notamment l'avantage par rapport à l'art antérieur d'obtenir un organe moteur de faible hauteur, ayant une durée de vie plus longue et maximisant la restitution de l'énergie emmagasinée.This solution has the advantage over the prior art of obtaining a low-rise motor member, having a longer life and maximizing the return of stored energy.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

Des exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sont indiqués dans la description illustrée par les figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • La figure 1 illustre un organe moteur selon un mode de réalisation; et
  • La figure 2 montre un graphique comparant la relation entre le couple théoriquement délivré en fonction du nombre de tours pour un ressort fait en acier conventionnel et un ressort en matériau composite.
Examples of implementation of the invention are indicated in the description illustrated by the appended figures in which:
  • The figure 1 illustrates a motor member according to one embodiment; and
  • The figure 2 shows a graph comparing the relationship between the theoretically delivered torque versus the number of turns for a spring made of conventional steel and a spring of composite material.

Exemple(s) de mode de réalisation de l'inventionExample (s) of embodiment of the invention

Un organe moteur 1 est montré en coupe à la figure 1 selon un mode de réalisation. L'organe moteur 1 comporte un barillet 2 formé d'un tambour extérieur cylindrique 6 et d'un fond 7, et pouvant avoir une denture extérieure (non représentée). Le barillet 2 est monté sur un arbre 3 de sorte à pouvoir tourner librement sur un axe 4 de l'arbre 3. Un premier ressort moteur 8 et un deuxième ressort moteur 11 sont montés enroulés à l'intérieur du barillet 2 de manière superposée et coaxiale. Les deux ressorts 8, 11 ont typiquement les mêmes dimensions et caractéristiques et sont enroulés dans des sens opposés. Le barillet 2 comprend également un plateau 14 disposé entre les deux ressorts 8, 11 et coaxial avec ceux-ci et l'axe 4 de l'arbre 3. Le plateau est monté dans le barillet 2 de sorte à pouvoir tourner librement autour de l'axe 4. L'ensemble comprenant les deux ressorts 8, 11 et le plateau 14 sera également désigné par l'expression "unité ressort moteur" dans la suite du texte.A motor unit 1 is shown in section at the figure 1 according to one embodiment. The drive member 1 comprises a cylinder 2 formed of a cylindrical outer drum 6 and a bottom 7, and may have an external toothing (not shown). The barrel 2 is mounted on a shaft 3 so as to freely rotate on an axis 4 of the shaft 3. A first motor spring 8 and a second motor spring 11 are mounted wound inside the barrel 2 in a superimposed manner and coaxial. The two springs 8, 11 typically have the same dimensions and characteristics and are wound in opposite directions. The barrel 2 also comprises a plate 14 disposed between the two springs 8, 11 and coaxial with them and the axis 4 of the shaft 3. The plate is mounted in the barrel 2 so as to be able to freely rotate around the barrel 2. 4. The assembly comprising the two springs 8, 11 and the plate 14 will also be designated by the expression "motor spring unit" in the rest of the text.

De façon préférée, l'extrémité intérieure 10 du premier ressort 8 est couplée au centre 16 du plateau 14, tandis que son extrémité extérieure 9 est fixée au tambour extérieur 6 du barillet 2. Ici, l'expression "au centre" signifie une région du plateau à proximité de son centre, près de l'axe 4. L'extrémité extérieure 13 du deuxième ressort 11 est couplée à la périphérie 15 du plateau 14, tandis que son extrémité intérieure 12 est couplée à l'arbre 3. Les ressorts 8, 11 se trouvent ainsi montés en série par l'intermédiaire du plateau 14, ce dernier servant de liaison cinématique entre les deux ressorts 8, 11.Preferably, the inner end 10 of the first spring 8 is coupled to the center 16 of the plate 14, while its outer end 9 is fixed to the outer drum 6 of the barrel 2. Here, the expression "in the center" means a region of the plate near its center, near the axis 4. The outer end 13 of the second spring 11 is coupled to the periphery 15 of the plate 14, while its inner end 12 is coupled to the shaft 3. The springs 8, 11 are thus mounted in series through the plate 14, the latter serving as kinematic connection between the two springs 8, 11.

Dans le mode de réalisation montré à la figure 1, le plateau 14 a la forme d'un disque avec un diamètre extérieur sensiblement égal à celui du tambour extérieur 6. Le plateau 14 comporte également un canon 17 venant s'engager pivotant sur l'arbre 3. Dans cette configuration, le canon 16 sert de bonde sur laquelle vient se fixer l'extrémité intérieure 10 du premier ressort 8. La périphérie du plateau 14 peut également comporter un rebord 15 sur lequel vient se fixer l'extrémité extérieure 13 du deuxième ressort 11. L'extrémité intérieure 12 du deuxième ressort 11 peut également être fixée à l'arbre 3 par l'intermédiaire d'une bonde (non représentée). Le plateau 14 peut être réalisé dans une matière plastique à faible coefficient de friction tel que le PTFE, mais aussi en métal, éventuellement avec un revêtement antifriction.In the embodiment shown in figure 1 , the plate 14 has the shape of a disc with an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the outer drum 6. The plate 14 also comprises a gun 17 pivoting on the shaft 3. In this configuration, the barrel 16 serves as a plug on which is fixed the inner end 10 of the first spring 8. The periphery of the plate 14 may also include a flange 15 on which comes attaching the outer end 13 of the second spring 11. The inner end 12 of the second spring 11 can also be fixed to the shaft 3 via a plug (not shown). The plate 14 may be made of a plastic material with a low coefficient of friction such as PTFE, but also of metal, optionally with an anti-friction coating.

Lors du fonctionnement de l'organe moteur 1, un mécanisme de remontage (non représenté) peut venir s'engrener sur la denture extérieure du barillet 2 de sorte à faire tourner ce dernier autour de l'arbre 3 et armer les ressorts 8, 11. Plus particulièrement, lors du remontage, la rotation du barillet 2 arme le premier ressort 8 autour de l'axe 4. L'extrémité intérieure 10 du premier ressort 8 étant fixée au centre du plateau 14, ce dernier se trouve à être entraîné en rotation pendant l'armage du premier ressort 8. Le plateau 14 transmet alors son couple au deuxième ressort 11 qui s'arme donc simultanément avec le premier ressort 8 autour de l'axe 4.During operation of the motor unit 1, a winding mechanism (not shown) can come into engagement with the external toothing of the barrel 2 so as to rotate the barrel around the shaft 3 and arm the springs 8, 11 More particularly, during reassembly, the rotation of the barrel 2 arms the first spring 8 about the axis 4. The inner end 10 of the first spring 8 is fixed to the center of the plate 14, the latter is to be driven in. rotation during the arming of the first spring 8. The plate 14 then transmits its torque to the second spring 11 which is thus simultaneously armed with the first spring 8 about the axis 4.

Les premier et deuxième ressorts 8, 11 étant montés en série dans le barillet 2, la longueur active de l'unité ressort moteur est effectivement doublée pour un diamètre donné par rapport à un arrangement conventionnel où le barillet comprend un seul ressort enroulé autour de l'arbre 3. La configuration de l'organe moteur 1 permet ainsi de diviser la hauteur et le couple de chacun des ressorts 8, 11, par exemple par un facteur deux, tout en emmagasinant la même quantité d'énergie élastique par rapport à des ressorts conventionnels ayant une hauteur deux fois supérieure. Il est cependant également possible d'augmenter la quantité d'énergie et la réserve de marche de l'unité ressort moteur, pour un même volume total de l'organe moteur 1 (c'est-à-dire en ne changeant pas la hauteur des ressorts 8, 11).The first and second springs 8, 11 being connected in series in the barrel 2, the active length of the motor spring unit is effectively doubled for a given diameter compared to a conventional arrangement where the barrel comprises a single spring wound around the barrel. 3. The configuration of the motor member 1 and divides the height and torque of each of the springs 8, 11, for example by a factor of two, while storing the same amount of elastic energy with respect to conventional springs with a height twice as high. However, it is also possible to increase the amount of power and the power reserve of the motor spring unit, for the same total volume of the motor unit 1 (that is to say, by not changing the height springs 8, 11).

Dans un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, l'organe moteur 1 comprend plusieurs unités ressort moteur montées en série. Dans cette configuration, les unités ressort moteur peuvent être arrangées de manière superposée et coaxiale les unes avec les autres; les deux ressorts 8, 11 et le plateau 14 de chacune des unités ressort moteur étant arrangés comme décrit ci-dessus.In another embodiment not shown, the motor member 1 comprises a plurality of motor spring units connected in series. In this configuration, the motor spring units can be arranged superimposed and coaxial with each other; the two springs 8, 11 and the plate 14 of each of the motor spring units being arranged as described above.

Selon une autre mode de réalisation non représenté, une unité ressort moteur peut avoir plus de deux ressorts, par exemple trois ressorts avec un troisième ressort monté sur un second plateau les deux plateaux pouvant se tourner librement autour de l'axe 4. Dans ce cas, l'extrémité intérieure du deuxième ressort est couplée au canon du second plateau, l'extrémité extérieure du troisième ressort est couplée à la périphérie du second plateau, et l'extrémité intérieure du troisième ressort est couplée directement à l'arbre du barillet.According to another embodiment not shown, a motor spring unit may have more than two springs, for example three springs with a third spring mounted on a second plate, the two plates being able to turn freely about the axis 4. In this case , the inner end of the second spring is coupled to the barrel of the second plate, the outer end of the third spring is coupled to the periphery of the second plate, and the inner end of the third spring is coupled directly to the shaft of the barrel.

La hauteur de l'organe moteur 1 de l'invention, comprenant la ou les unités ressort moteur dans un même barillet 2, est déterminée par la hauteur de chacun des ressorts et celle du ou des plateau(x). L'organe moteur 1 peut donc ainsi être réalisé avec une hauteur typiquement plus faible que la hauteur des organes moteurs conventionnels qui comprendraient le même nombre de ressorts moteurs, en particulier dans le cas des organes moteurs où chaque ressort est compris dans son propre barillet. De plus, comme le plateau 14 tourne avec les premier et deuxième ressorts 8, 11, les frottements entre les ressorts 8, 11 et le plateau 14 sont fortement diminués par rapport aux organes moteurs conventionnels qui comprennent un disque de séparation fixe. L'organe moteur 1 de l'invention permet donc de maximiser la restitution de l'énergie emmagasinée dans l'organe moteur.The height of the motor unit 1 of the invention, comprising the spring unit or units motor in the same barrel 2, is determined by the height of each of the springs and that of the tray (s) (x). The motor member 1 can thus be made with a height typically lower than the height of the conventional drive members which would include the same number of motor springs, particularly in the case of the drive members where each spring is included in its own barrel. In addition, as the plate 14 rotates with the first and second springs 8, 11, the friction between the springs 8, 11 and the plate 14 are greatly reduced compared to the conventional drive members which comprise a fixed separation disk. The motor unit 1 of the invention thus makes it possible to maximize the return of the energy stored in the drive member.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les premier et deuxième ressorts 8, 11 sont fabriqués dans un matériau composite. Par "matériau composite" on entend ici un polymère renforcé de fibres longues, telles que des fibres de verre ou autres. Préférablement, les fibres sont orientées de façon unidirectionnelle dans la matrice polymérique. De tels ressorts fabriqués dans le matériau composite peuvent être moins susceptibles que les ressorts conventionnels métalliques aux fractures par fatigue et, par conséquent, avoir une durée de vie plus longue.In another embodiment, the first and second springs 8, 11 are made of a composite material. By "composite material" is meant herein a polymer reinforced with long fibers, such as glass fibers or the like. Preferably, the fibers are oriented unidirectionally in the polymeric matrix. Such springs made of the composite material may be less susceptible than conventional metal springs to fatigue fractures and, therefore, have a longer life.

Les fibres d'un tel ressort composite pourront être en carbone, en verre, en aramide ou encore d'une autre nature (par exemple des mélanges de fibres) mais dans tous les cas leur module d'élasticité axiale est de préférence compris entre 80GPa et 600GPa. Les fibres ont généralement la même longueur que le ressort et sont disposées de façon aussi parallèle que possible à la grande longueur du ressort. De préférence, l'angle entre l'axe de chaque fibre et l'axe du ressort est le plus proche possible à 0° et ne dépasse pas localement 5°. Les fibres ont typiquement un diamètre compris entre 1 µm et 35pm. Un seul ressort peut avoir des fibres de diamètres différents mais de préférence les diamètres utilisées dans l'épaisseur du ressort permettent de placer au moins dix fibres côte à côte afin d'obtenir un ressort d'une meilleure homogénéité.The fibers of such a composite spring may be carbon, glass, aramid or of another nature (for example fiber mixtures) but in all cases their axial elastic modulus is preferably between 80GPa and 600GPa. The fibers are generally the same length as the spring and are arranged as parallel as possible to the great length of the spring. Preferably, the angle between the axis of each fiber and the axis of the spring is as close as possible to 0 ° and does not exceed locally 5 °. The fibers typically have a diameter of between 1 μm and 35 μm. A single spring may have fibers of different diameters but preferably the diameters used in the thickness of the spring allow to place at least ten fibers side by side to obtain a spring of better homogeneity.

Le polymère peut être un thermoplastique ou un plastique thermodurcissable. La fraction volumique de fibres dans ce polymère est de préférence comprise entre 30% et 75%. Des nanoparticules peuvent être ajoutées dans la matrice de polymère de façon à durcir cette dernière pour repousser le micro-flambage des fibres dans la face en compression du ressort en flexion. Ces nanoparticules pourront être de la silice, des fullerènes, ou tout autre matériau ayant la possibilité de se lier à la résine polymérique et d'en augmenter la résistance à la compression, sans diminuer la capacité de la résine polymérique à se lier aux fibres.The polymer may be a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic. The volume fraction of fibers in this polymer is preferably between 30% and 75%. Nanoparticles may be added to the polymer matrix so as to harden the latter to repel the micro-buckling of the fibers in the compressive face of the spring in flexion. These nanoparticles may be silica, fullerenes, or any other material having the ability to bind to the polymeric resin and increase its compressive strength, without decreasing the ability of the polymeric resin to bind to the fibers.

De tels ressorts en polymère renforcé de fibres peuvent être fabriqués, par exemple, selon un procédé décrit dans le document US4464216 , c'est-à-dire, par enroulement filamentaire autour d'un mandrin de fibres continues (graphite, verre, etc.) pré imprégnées de matrice thermodurcissable ou thermoplastique. Ici, l'accumulation d'énergie élastique dans le spiral est obtenue en enroulant une extrémité du ressort autour de l'axe 4 de l'arbre 3, dans un sens contraire au sens d'enroulement initial sur le mandrin. En outre, le profil du ressort désarmé est entièrement déterminé par le diamètre extérieur du mandrin.Such fiber reinforced polymer springs can be manufactured, for example, according to a process described in the document US4464216 that is to say, by filament winding around a mandrel of continuous fibers (graphite, glass, etc.) pre-impregnated with a thermosetting or thermoplastic matrix. Here, the accumulation of elastic energy in the hairspring is obtained by winding one end of the spring around the axis 4 of the shaft 3, in a direction opposite to the direction of initial winding on the mandrel. In addition, the profile of the disarmed spring is entirely determined by the outer diameter of the mandrel.

Le recours auxdits matériaux composites pour la fabrication des ressorts 8, 11 peut nécessiter le dimensionnement des ressorts en tenant compte des spécificités qui différencient ces matériaux composites des aciers traditionnellement utilisés. Par exemple, un polymère renforcé de fibres de verre unidirectionnelles présente un module d'élasticité environ quatre fois inférieur à celui de l'acier pour une limite élastique inférieure d'environ la moitié. Le dimensionnement des ressorts doit également tenir compte des modes de mise en oeuvre des matériaux composites. En effet, si les techniques de laminage de l'acier autorisent des épaisseurs de lame inférieures au dixième de millimètre, des dimensions aussi réduites sont difficiles avec les performances mécaniques visées dans le cas des matériaux composites. A volume et hauteur de ressort constants, et pour une quantité d'énergie emmagasinée équivalente, une épaisseur de la lame plus importante se traduit par une augmentation du couple maximal délivré. Ceci est illustré par le graphique de la figure 2 comparant la relation entre le couple théoriquement délivré en fonction du nombre de tours pour un ressort fait en acier conventionnel (courbe C1) et un ressort en matériau composite (courbe C2). Ce matériau composite est par exemple un matériau comprenant une matrice époxy renforcé à 60% de fibres de verre HiPertex™ de module Young d'environ 90 GPa, ce qui donne un module Young d'environ 53 GPa pour le matériau composite.The use of said composite materials for the manufacture of the springs 8, 11 may require the sizing of the springs taking into account the specificities that differentiate these composite materials traditionally used steels. For example, a unidirectional fiberglass-reinforced polymer has a modulus of elasticity about four times lower than that of steel for a lower yield strength of about half. The dimensioning of the springs must also take into account the modes of implementation of the composite materials. Indeed, if steel rolling techniques allow blade thicknesses less than one-tenth of a millimeter, such reduced dimensions are difficult with the mechanical performance targeted in the case of composite materials. At constant volume and spring height, and for an equivalent amount of stored energy, a larger blade thickness results in an increase in the maximum torque delivered. This is illustrated by the graph of the figure 2 comparing the relationship between the theoretically delivered torque as a function of the number of revolutions for a spring made of conventional steel (curve C1) and a spring of composite material (curve C2). This composite material is for example a material comprising an epoxy matrix reinforced with 60% glass fiber HiPertex ™ Young module of about 90 GPa, which gives a Young module of about 53 GPa for the composite material.

Dans le cas d'un organe moteur ne comprenant qu'un seul ressort, un ressort en matériau composite peut emmagasiner une quantité d'énergie équivalente à celle d'un ressort en acier conventionnel lorsqu'armé, mais le ressort en acier, typiquement plus mince, restitue l'énergie emmagasinée à faible couple et sur un grand nombre de tours, tandis que le ressort en matériau composite la délivre avec un couple plus important et un nombre de tours réduit. Une raideur et surtout une épaisseur trop importantes des ressorts en matériau composite sont responsables de cette situation. Avantageusement, l'organe moteur 1 selon la configuration de la figure 1 permet de monter les deux ressorts 8, 11 en série et ainsi de diminuer leur raideur tout en conservant des épaisseurs adaptées auxdits matériaux composites.In the case of a motor unit comprising only one spring, a spring of composite material can store a quantity of energy equivalent to that of a conventional steel spring when armed, but the steel spring, typically more thin, restores the energy stored at low torque and on a large number of revolutions, while the spring of composite material delivers it with a larger torque and a reduced number of revolutions. A stiffness and especially too much thickness of the composite material springs are responsible for this situation. Advantageously, the driving member 1 according to the configuration of the figure 1 allows to mount the two springs 8, 11 in series and thus reduce their stiffness while maintaining thicknesses adapted to said composite materials.

Numéros de référence employés sur les figuresReference numbers used in the figures

11
organe moteurmotor organ
22
barilletbarrel
33
arbretree
44
axe de l'arbreaxis of the tree
66
tambour extérieuroutside drum
77
fond du barilletbottom of the barrel
88
premier ressort moteurfirst spring motor
99
extrémité extérieure du premier ressortouter end of the first spring
1010
extrémité intérieure du premier ressortinner end of the first spring
1111
deuxième ressort moteursecond motor spring
1212
extrémité intérieure du deuxième ressortinner end of the second spring
1313
extrémité extérieure du deuxième ressortouter end of the second spring
1414
plateautray
1515
périphérie du plateau, rebordperiphery of the plateau, ledge
1616
centre du plateaucenter of the plateau
1717
canon du plateaucannon of the board

Claims (8)

Organe moteur (1) pour mouvement d'horlogerie comportant: un barillet (2) monté sur un arbre (3) de sorte à pouvoir tourner autour d'un axe (4) de l'arbre (3) lorsque l'organe moteur (1) est remonté; une unité ressort moteur comprenant un premier ressort (8) et un deuxième ressort (11) enroulés à l'intérieur du barillet (2) de façon superposée et coaxiale l'un par rapport à l'autre, le premier ressort (8) étant couplé à l'une de ses extrémités au barillet (2) et le deuxième ressort (11) étant couplé à l'une de ses extrémités à l'arbre (3); l'unité comprenant en outre un plateau (14) monté coaxial entre les deux ressorts (8, 11); caractérisé en ce que le plateau (14) est monté en rotation autour de l'axe (4); et en ce que le premier ressort (8) étant couplé à l'autre de ses extrémités au centre (16) du plateau (14), et le deuxième ressort (11) étant couplé à l'autre de ses extrémités à la périphérie (15) du plateau (14), de sorte que les deux ressorts (8, 11) s'arment simultanément autour de l'axe (4) lorsque le l'organe moteur (1) est remonté. Engine member (1) for a watch movement comprising: a barrel (2) mounted on a shaft (3) so as to be rotatable about an axis (4) of the shaft (3) when the driving member (1) is raised; a motor spring unit comprising a first spring (8) and a second spring (11) wound inside the barrel (2) superimposed and coaxial with each other, the first spring (8) being coupled at one of its ends to the barrel (2) and the second spring (11) being coupled at one of its ends to the shaft (3); the unit further comprising a plate (14) coaxially mounted between the two springs (8, 11); characterized in that the plate (14) is rotatably mounted about the axis (4); and in that the first spring (8) being coupled at the other of its ends to the center (16) of the plate (14), and the second spring (11) being coupled at the other of its ends to the periphery (15) of the plate (14), so that the two springs (8, 11) arm simultaneously around the axis (4) when the motor member (1) is raised. L'organe moteur (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le premier ressort (8) est enroulé dans le sens opposé du deuxième ressort (11).The drive member (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first spring (8) is wound in the opposite direction of the second spring (11). L'organe moteur (1) selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel
le plateau (14) comprend un canon (16) venant s'engager pivotant sur l'arbre (3), l'extrémité intérieure (10) du premier ressort (8) étant fixée sur le canon (16).
The driving member (1) according to claims 1 or 2, wherein
the plate (14) comprises a gun (16) pivotally engaging on the shaft (3), the inner end (10) of the first spring (8) being fixed to the barrel (16).
L'organe moteur (1) selon l'une des revendications de 1 à 3, dans lequel la périphérie du plateau comprend un rebord (15) sur lequel est fixée l'extrémité extérieure 13 du deuxième ressort (11).The driving member (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the periphery of the plate comprises a flange (15) on which is fixed the outer end 13 of the second spring (11). L'organe moteur (1) selon l'une des revendications de 1 à 4, comprenant plusieurs unités ressort moteur montées en série.The drive member (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a plurality of motor spring units connected in series. L'organe moteur (1) selon l'une des revendications de 1 à 5, dans lequel
les premier et deuxième ressorts (8, 11) sont fabriqués en polymère renforcé de fibres.
The driving member (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
the first and second springs (8, 11) are made of fiber reinforced polymer.
L'organe moteur (1) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel les fibres sont orientées de façon unidirectionnelle dans la matrice polymérique.The drive member (1) according to claim 6, wherein the fibers are oriented unidirectionally in the polymeric matrix. Pièce d'horlogerie comportant l'organe moteur (1) caractérisé par l'une des revendications de 1 à 7.Timepiece comprising the driving member (1) characterized by one of the claims 1 to 7.
EP11188982.0A 2010-11-17 2011-11-14 Driving organ for clockwork Active EP2455820B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01923/10A CH704150A2 (en) 2010-11-17 2010-11-17 Body engine for clockwork.

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EP2455820A2 true EP2455820A2 (en) 2012-05-23
EP2455820A3 EP2455820A3 (en) 2016-05-18
EP2455820B1 EP2455820B1 (en) 2017-08-30

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US (1) US20120120775A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2455820B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2012108133A (en)
CN (1) CN102467069A (en)
CH (1) CH704150A2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8956042B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2015-02-17 Audemars Piguet (Renaud Et Papi) Sa Timepiece movement with power reserve for extended operation
WO2018146639A1 (en) * 2017-02-13 2018-08-16 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Timepiece drive member
EP3382468A1 (en) 2017-03-30 2018-10-03 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Movement with extension of running reserve

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH706641A2 (en) * 2012-06-22 2013-12-31 Cartier Creation Studio Sa Body engine for clockwork.
DE102016122936B4 (en) * 2016-11-28 2018-11-08 Lange Uhren Gmbh Barrel for a watch
JP6626594B1 (en) * 2018-07-02 2019-12-25 セイコーインスツル株式会社 Spiral spring, torque generator, watch movement and watch

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US249845A (en) 1881-11-22 Strike-spring for eight-day clocks
CH610465B5 (en) 1972-11-02 1979-04-30 Longines Montres Comp D Watch movement containing two barrels
US4464216A (en) 1982-03-26 1984-08-07 Hercules Incorporated Composite negator springs
EP2060957A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-20 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Motor element with springs for timepiece movement

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US410327A (en) * 1889-09-03 meylan
CH1147874A4 (en) * 1974-08-22 1977-05-13
EP1582943B1 (en) * 2004-04-01 2008-09-03 Richemont International S.A. Watch movement comprising several barrels
CH699988A2 (en) * 2008-11-28 2010-05-31 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Driving member for watch movement.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US249845A (en) 1881-11-22 Strike-spring for eight-day clocks
CH610465B5 (en) 1972-11-02 1979-04-30 Longines Montres Comp D Watch movement containing two barrels
US4464216A (en) 1982-03-26 1984-08-07 Hercules Incorporated Composite negator springs
EP2060957A1 (en) 2007-11-16 2009-05-20 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Motor element with springs for timepiece movement

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8956042B2 (en) 2012-08-23 2015-02-17 Audemars Piguet (Renaud Et Papi) Sa Timepiece movement with power reserve for extended operation
WO2018146639A1 (en) * 2017-02-13 2018-08-16 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Timepiece drive member
US11543775B2 (en) 2017-02-13 2023-01-03 Patek Philippe Sa Geneve Drive member for a timepiece
EP3382468A1 (en) 2017-03-30 2018-10-03 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Movement with extension of running reserve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2455820A3 (en) 2016-05-18
CH704150A2 (en) 2012-05-31
US20120120775A1 (en) 2012-05-17
CN102467069A (en) 2012-05-23
JP2012108133A (en) 2012-06-07
EP2455820B1 (en) 2017-08-30

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