EP2448860B1 - Fuel storage facility and method for storing fuel - Google Patents

Fuel storage facility and method for storing fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2448860B1
EP2448860B1 EP10735029.0A EP10735029A EP2448860B1 EP 2448860 B1 EP2448860 B1 EP 2448860B1 EP 10735029 A EP10735029 A EP 10735029A EP 2448860 B1 EP2448860 B1 EP 2448860B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
tank
fuel
condensation
facility
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Not-in-force
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EP10735029.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2448860A1 (en
Inventor
Serge Albert Pierre Selles
Pierre Boucot
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
    • B67D7/0476—Vapour recovery systems

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of fuel dispensing for motor vehicles, and in particular for use in a service station type facility comprising at least one fuel tank.
  • the service station tanks are filled regularly with tanker trucks. When the fuel is discharged into the tank, there is a phenomenon of "gas recovery” resulting in the generation of vapors heavily loaded with fuel. It is known to collect the vent gases from the storage tanks and to direct them towards the tank of the truck, this in order to limit the atmospheric pollutions.
  • hydrocarbon gas condensation systems for example by using cold as a means of condensation.
  • the present invention relates to a fuel storage installation comprising a tank, a gas vent pipe, cold condensation means of said gas. It comprises an outside air inlet pipe connected upstream of said condensation means, said air intake duct comprising means for controlling the volume of incoming air.
  • the control means can be controlled by at least one pressure sensor disposed on the vent pipe.
  • a pressure sensor may be arranged upstream and another pressure sensor disposed downstream of the condensation means.
  • the installation may comprise at least one gas temperature sensor at the outlet of the condensation means.
  • the installation may include a controller for controlling the condensing temperature and the volume of air entering depending on the pressure in the vent pipe.
  • the rate of hydrocarbon gas in the vent gases can be controlled by controlling the incoming volume of outside air and / or by adjusting the cold level of said condensing means.
  • the tank 1 is intended to contain a fuel. For its filling, it has a pipe 2 which connects to the loading / unloading hose of a tanker truck 3.
  • the volume of gas displaced is therefore substantially equal to the volume of liquid delivered, only if the thermodynamic conditions (pressure and temperature) remain substantially identical along the closed circuit represented on the figure 1 .
  • the figure 2 shows an achievement according to the document FR-2909078 a closed circuit for fuel storage and gas management.
  • the tanks 10, 20, 30 can be filled by means of the pipes A, B, C respectively connected to the compartments C1, C2, C3 of the tank 5.
  • the condensates are collected here by a common duct 6 which discharges the liquids into the tank 20.
  • the cold has the advantage of being effective as a means of condensation, but it has the disadvantage of making the air containing the hydrocarbons more dense.
  • the tank would be depressed, which would cause in particular evaporation of the liquid during delivery.
  • the safety valves With the safety valves in operation, it is hot air (temperature ambient) that enters the tank compartments, which also promotes evaporation.
  • it is advisable to remain above a threshold of 10% in concentration of hydrocarbon gas in the gas mixture so as to be above the explosive limit and to ensure the non-dangerous nature of the gases that return to the tanker. .
  • the explosive threshold is between 1% and 7.6% of hydrocarbon gas in the air.
  • the present invention solves jointly the limitation of evaporation in the tank, the pressure balance, and the control of the hydrocarbon gas rate, by adding an air inlet upstream of the gas cooling exchangers and control means. adjusting said air inlet.
  • the figure 3 illustrates the present invention.
  • Line 11 collects vapors from the fuel storage tank or tanks. the vapors enter a refrigerating exchanger E which condenses the hydrocarbon gases. The condensates are returned to a tank via the conduit 12.
  • the outlet conduit 13 is connected to the loading tank.
  • an external air inlet pipe 14 is connected to the vent pipe 11.
  • the reference 15 represents a valve which opens as soon as the pressure in the vent pipe is lower than the pressure atmospheric.
  • Reference 16 designates an input air flow control means.
  • the valve 15 and the flow control can be controlled by a PLC, according to various operating parameters of the installation, in particular the upstream and downstream pressure measurements of the exchanger E, respectively referenced 17 and 18.
  • the measurements of temperatures 19 and 21 can also be integrated into the PLC.
  • the closed circuit being unloaded from a fuel delivery tank is substantially at atmospheric pressure, depending on the allowable vacuum value, to allow the entry of air outside.
  • the temperature of the gases in the circuit, and in particular in the delivery tank is low and corresponds substantially to the outlet temperature of the condensation exchanger.
  • the evaporation of fuel in the compartments of the tank is controlled by the assurance of having this temperature despite a large volume of air intake.
  • the control of the temperature of the gases in the circuit also allows the control of the hydrocarbon level to have in the tank of the truck a gaseous atmosphere outside the range of explosiveness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se situe dans le domaine de la distribution de carburant pour les véhicules automobiles, et en particulier pour être utilisée dans une installation de type station-service comportant au moins une cuve de carburant.The present invention is in the field of fuel dispensing for motor vehicles, and in particular for use in a service station type facility comprising at least one fuel tank.

Les cuves de station-service sont remplies régulièrement à l'aide de camion-citerne. Lorsque le carburant est déversé dans la cuve, il se produit un phénomène de "reprise des gaz" résultant à la génération de vapeurs fortement chargées en carburant. Il est connu de collecter les gaz d'évents des cuves de stockage et de les diriger vers la citerne du camion, ceci afin de limiter les pollutions atmosphériques.The service station tanks are filled regularly with tanker trucks. When the fuel is discharged into the tank, there is a phenomenon of "gas recovery" resulting in the generation of vapors heavily loaded with fuel. It is known to collect the vent gases from the storage tanks and to direct them towards the tank of the truck, this in order to limit the atmospheric pollutions.

Pour limiter les retours de carburant vers le camion de livraison, il est connu d'utiliser des systèmes de condensation des gaz d'hydrocarbures, par exemple en utilisant le froid comme moyen de condensation.To limit the return of fuel to the delivery truck, it is known to use hydrocarbon gas condensation systems, for example by using cold as a means of condensation.

On connaît notamment les documents FR-2827268 ou FR-2909078 qui décrivent une installation de stockage de carburant utilisant le froid pour condenser les vapeurs de carburant.We know in particular the documents FR-2827268 or FR-2909078 describing a fuel storage facility using cold to condense fuel vapors.

Cependant les installations connues présentent des inconvénients liés à l'utilisation du froid, notamment la réduction conséquente du volume gazeux.However known installations have drawbacks related to the use of cold, including the consequent reduction of the gas volume.

Ainsi, la présente invention concerne une installation de stockage de carburant comportant une cuve, une conduite d'évent des gaz, des moyens de condensation par le froid desdits gaz. Elle comporte une conduite d'entrée d'air extérieur raccordée en amont desdits moyens de condensation, ladite conduite d'entrée d'air comprenant des moyens de contrôle du volume d'air entrant.Thus, the present invention relates to a fuel storage installation comprising a tank, a gas vent pipe, cold condensation means of said gas. It comprises an outside air inlet pipe connected upstream of said condensation means, said air intake duct comprising means for controlling the volume of incoming air.

Les moyens de contrôle peuvent être pilotés par au moins un capteur de pression disposé sur la conduite d'évent.The control means can be controlled by at least one pressure sensor disposed on the vent pipe.

Un capteur de pression peut être disposé en amont et un autre capteur de pression disposé en aval des moyens de condensation.A pressure sensor may be arranged upstream and another pressure sensor disposed downstream of the condensation means.

L'installation peut comporter au moins un capteur de température des gaz en sortie des moyens de condensation.The installation may comprise at least one gas temperature sensor at the outlet of the condensation means.

L'installation peut comporter un automate de contrôle de la température de condensation et du volume d'air entrant en fonction de la pression dans la conduite d'évent.The installation may include a controller for controlling the condensing temperature and the volume of air entering depending on the pressure in the vent pipe.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de stockage de carburant dans une installation comportant une cuve, une conduite d'évent des gaz, des moyens de condensation par le froid desdits gaz, et dans lequel on effectue les étapes suivantes:

  • on dispose une entrée d'air extérieur raccordée en amont desdits moyens de condensation,
  • on contrôle le volume d'air entrant en fonction de la pression dans la conduite d'évent des gaz.
The invention also relates to a fuel storage method in an installation comprising a tank, a gas vent pipe, cold condensation means of said gas, and wherein the following steps are carried out:
  • there is an outside air inlet connected upstream of said condensing means,
  • the volume of incoming air is controlled as a function of the pressure in the gas vent pipe.

Selon le procédé on peut contrôler le taux de gaz hydrocarbure dans les gaz d'évent en réglant le volume entrant d'air extérieur et/ou en réglant le niveau de froid desdits moyens de condensation.Depending on the process, the rate of hydrocarbon gas in the vent gases can be controlled by controlling the incoming volume of outside air and / or by adjusting the cold level of said condensing means.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit d'exemples de réalisation, nullement limitatifs, et illustrés par les figures ci-après annexées, parmi lesquelles:

  • la figure 1 montre le principe de chargement d'une cuve et ses circuits de remplissage et de vidange;
  • la figure 2 montre une installation de stockage de carburant selon l'art antérieur;
  • la figure 3 représente le principe d'une mise en oeuvre selon l'invention.
The present invention will be better understood and its advantages will appear more clearly on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, in no way limiting, and illustrated by the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 shows the principle of loading a tank and its filling and emptying circuits;
  • the figure 2 shows a fuel storage installation according to the prior art;
  • the figure 3 represents the principle of an implementation according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1, la cuve 1 est destinée à contenir un carburant. Pour son remplissage, elle possède une canalisation 2 qui se raccorde au flexible de chargement/déchargement d'un camion citerne 3.On the figure 1 , the tank 1 is intended to contain a fuel. For its filling, it has a pipe 2 which connects to the loading / unloading hose of a tanker truck 3.

Lors d'une étape de remplissage de carburant liquide dans la cuve 1 à partir de la citerne 3, les gaz contenus dans ladite cuve sont évacués par le conduit 4 en communication avec la citerne 3. Les gaz sont poussés par le volume de liquide déversé de la citerne de livraison vers la cuve.During a step of filling liquid fuel in the tank 1 from the tank 3, the gases contained in said tank are discharged through line 4 in communication with the tank 3. The gases are pushed by the volume of spilled liquid from the delivery tank to the tank.

Le volume de gaz déplacé est donc sensiblement égal au volume de liquide livré, uniquement si les conditions thermodynamiques (pression et température) restent sensiblement identiques le long du circuit fermé représenté sur la figure 1.The volume of gas displaced is therefore substantially equal to the volume of liquid delivered, only if the thermodynamic conditions (pressure and temperature) remain substantially identical along the closed circuit represented on the figure 1 .

La figure 2 montre une réalisation selon le document FR-2909078 d'un circuit fermé de stockage de carburant et de gestion des gaz. Les cuves 10, 20, 30 peuvent être remplies par le moyen des canalisations A, B, C reliées respectivement aux compartiments C1, C2, C3 de la citerne 5. Des conduits d'évents A', B', C' amènent les gaz respectivement dans des échangeurs E1, E2, E3 effectuant la condensation des carburant gazeux par refroidissement. Les condensats sont collectés ici par un conduit commun 6 qui déverse les liquides dans la cuve 20. En sortie des échangeurs E1, E2, E3, des conduites A", B", C" collectent les gaz froids dans un conduit commun 7 qui est relié aux compartiments de la citerne. Sur chaque conduites d'évent A", B", C", des soupapes SA, SB, SC protègent le circuit des trop fortes pressions ou dépressions. La réglementation concernant les citernes de livraison impose sur celle-ci des soupapes de sécurité S1, S2, S3, tarées à l'ouverture en dépression et en surpression.The figure 2 shows an achievement according to the document FR-2909078 a closed circuit for fuel storage and gas management. The tanks 10, 20, 30 can be filled by means of the pipes A, B, C respectively connected to the compartments C1, C2, C3 of the tank 5. Vent pipes A ', B', C 'bring the gases respectively in exchangers E1, E2, E3 condensing gaseous fuel by cooling. The condensates are collected here by a common duct 6 which discharges the liquids into the tank 20. At the outlet of the exchangers E1, E2, E3, lines A ", B", C "collect the cold gases in a common duct 7 which is connected to the tank compartments On each A ", B", C "vent line, valves SA, SB, SC protect the circuit from excessive pressure or low pressure. The regulations concerning the delivery tanks impose on it safety valves S1, S2, S3, rated at opening in depression and overpressure.

Le froid a comme avantage d'être efficace comme moyen de condensation, mais il a l'inconvénient de rendre l'air qui contenait les hydrocarbures plus dense.The cold has the advantage of being effective as a means of condensation, but it has the disadvantage of making the air containing the hydrocarbons more dense.

L'expérimentation et les calculs théoriques montrent que, par exemple, sur 100 litres d'un mélange gazeux contenant des hydrocarbures, après son passage dans des échangeurs frigorifiques, le volume gazeux à la sortie est approximativement de 25 litres. Cela correspond à une contraction de 75%.Experimentation and theoretical calculations show that, for example, on 100 liters of a gaseous mixture containing hydrocarbons, after passing through refrigerating exchangers, the gaseous volume at the outlet is approximately 25 liters. This corresponds to a contraction of 75%.

Exemple :Example:

On considère le cas:
- pression de vapeur sèche équivalente : 79 kPa (dans la fourchette 60-90 kPa spécifiée entre le 01/11 et le 15/03);
- température ambiante : 25°C,
- débit de livraison : 60 m3/h;
- équilibre thermodynamique selon le modèle de Grayson & Streed. Température de condensation (°C) Débit volume recyclé (m3/h) -10 38,28 -20 32,19 -30 27,54 -40 24,08 -50 21,50 We consider the case:
- equivalent dry vapor pressure: 79 kPa (in the range 60-90 kPa specified between 01/11 and 15/03);
- ambient temperature: 25 ° C,
- delivery rate: 60 m3 / h;
- thermodynamic equilibrium according to the Grayson & Streed model. Condensation temperature (° C) Recycled volume flow (m3 / h) -10 38.28 -20 32.19 -30 27.54 -40 24,08 -50 21.50

Le débit recyclé prend en compte deux phénomènes :

  • condensation des hydrocarbures,
  • refroidissement des vapeurs recyclées par rapport à la température ambiante,
The recycled flow takes into account two phenomena:
  • hydrocarbon condensation,
  • cooling the recycled vapors relative to the ambient temperature,

Dans cet exemple de calcul pour une température de -40°C, le volume est réduit à 24 m3/h, soit une contraction de 60-24 = 36 litres, c'est-à-dire de 60%.In this example of calculation for a temperature of -40 ° C, the volume is reduced to 24 m3 / h, a contraction of 60-24 = 36 liters, that is to say 60%.

Dans ces conditions, si les soupapes de sécurité qui fonctionnent à la dépression ne s'ouvraient pas, la citerne serait mise en dépression, ce qui provoquerait notamment une évaporation du liquide en cours de livraison. Les soupapes de sécurité étant en fonction, c'est de l'air chaud (température ambiante) qui pénètre dans les compartiments de la citerne, ce qui favorise aussi l'évaporation.
De plus, il convient de rester supérieur à un seuil de 10% en concentration de gaz hydrocarbure dans le mélange gazeux de façon à être au dessus de la limite d'explosivité et d'assurer la non dangerosité des gaz qui retournent au camion-citerne. En effet, le seuil d'explosivité est compris entre 1% et 7,6% de gaz hydrocarbure dans l'air.Under these conditions, if the safety valves that operate at the depression do not open, the tank would be depressed, which would cause in particular evaporation of the liquid during delivery. With the safety valves in operation, it is hot air (temperature ambient) that enters the tank compartments, which also promotes evaporation.
In addition, it is advisable to remain above a threshold of 10% in concentration of hydrocarbon gas in the gas mixture so as to be above the explosive limit and to ensure the non-dangerous nature of the gases that return to the tanker. . Indeed, the explosive threshold is between 1% and 7.6% of hydrocarbon gas in the air.

La présente invention résout conjointement la limitation de l'évaporation dans la citerne, l'équilibre des pressions, et le contrôle du taux de gaz hydrocarbure, en ajoutant une entrée d'air en amont des échangeurs de refroidissement des gaz et des moyens de contrôle du réglage de ladite entrée d'air.The present invention solves jointly the limitation of evaporation in the tank, the pressure balance, and the control of the hydrocarbon gas rate, by adding an air inlet upstream of the gas cooling exchangers and control means. adjusting said air inlet.

La figure 3 illustre la présente invention. Le conduit 11 collecte les vapeurs provenant de la ou les cuves de stockage du carburant. les vapeurs pénètrent dans un échangeur frigorifique E qui condensent les gaz hydrocarbures. Les condensats sont renvoyés dans une cuve par le conduit 12. Le conduit de sortie 13 est relié à la citerne de chargement. Selon l'invention, une conduite d'entrée d'air extérieur 14 est raccordée à la conduite d'évent 11. La référence 15 représente un clapet qui s'ouvre dès que la pression dans la conduite d'évent est inférieure à la pression atmosphérique. La référence 16 désigne un moyen de contrôle du débit d'air en entrée. La soupape 15 et le contrôle du débit peuvent être pilotés par un automate, en fonction de différents paramètres de fonctionnement de l'installation, notamment les mesures de pression amont et aval de l'échangeur E, respectivement référencés 17 et 18. Les mesures de températures 19 et 21 peuvent aussi être intégrées dans l'automate.The figure 3 illustrates the present invention. Line 11 collects vapors from the fuel storage tank or tanks. the vapors enter a refrigerating exchanger E which condenses the hydrocarbon gases. The condensates are returned to a tank via the conduit 12. The outlet conduit 13 is connected to the loading tank. According to the invention, an external air inlet pipe 14 is connected to the vent pipe 11. The reference 15 represents a valve which opens as soon as the pressure in the vent pipe is lower than the pressure atmospheric. Reference 16 designates an input air flow control means. The valve 15 and the flow control can be controlled by a PLC, according to various operating parameters of the installation, in particular the upstream and downstream pressure measurements of the exchanger E, respectively referenced 17 and 18. The measurements of temperatures 19 and 21 can also be integrated into the PLC.

Ainsi, le circuit fermé en cours de déchargement d'une citerne de livraison de carburant est sensiblement à la pression atmosphérique, en fonction de la valeur de dépression admissible, pour permettre l'entrée d'air extérieur. La température des gaz dans le circuit, et en particulier dans la citerne de livraison est basse et correspond sensiblement à la température de sortie de l'échangeur de condensation. L'évaporation du carburant dans les compartiments de la citerne est contrôlée par l'assurance d'avoir cette température malgré un volume d'entrée d'air important.Thus, the closed circuit being unloaded from a fuel delivery tank is substantially at atmospheric pressure, depending on the allowable vacuum value, to allow the entry of air outside. The temperature of the gases in the circuit, and in particular in the delivery tank is low and corresponds substantially to the outlet temperature of the condensation exchanger. The evaporation of fuel in the compartments of the tank is controlled by the assurance of having this temperature despite a large volume of air intake.

Le contrôle de la température des gaz dans le circuit permet également le contrôle du taux d'hydrocarbure pour avoir dans la citerne du camion une atmosphère gazeuse en dehors de la plage d'explosivité.The control of the temperature of the gases in the circuit also allows the control of the hydrocarbon level to have in the tank of the truck a gaseous atmosphere outside the range of explosiveness.

Claims (7)

  1. A fuel storage facility comprising a tank (10), a gas vent pipe (11), means (E) of condensing said gas through cold, characterized in that it comprises an outside air intake pipe (14) connected upstream from said condensation means, said air intake pipe comprising means (16) of controlling the incoming air volume.
  2. A facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein said control means are controlled by at least one pressure detector (17, 18) arranged on the vent pipe.
  3. A facility as claimed in claim 2, comprising at least one pressure detector (17) arranged upstream and another pressure detector (18) arranged downstream from the condensation means.
  4. A facility as claimed in any one of the previous claims, comprising at least one gas temperature detector at the condensation means outlet.
  5. A facility as claimed in any one of the previous claims, comprising an automaton controlling the condensation temperature and the incoming air volume according to the pressure in the vent pipe.
  6. A method of storing fuel in a facility comprising a tank (10), a gas vent pipe (11) and means (E) of condensing said gas through cold, characterized in that the following stages are carried out:
    - connecting an outside air intake (14) upstream from said condensation means,
    - controlling the incoming air volume according to the pressure in the gas vent pipe.
  7. A storage method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the proportion of hydrocarbon gas in the vent gas is controlled by adjusting the incoming outside air volume and/or by adjusting the cold level of said condensation means.
EP10735029.0A 2009-07-03 2010-06-22 Fuel storage facility and method for storing fuel Not-in-force EP2448860B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0903281A FR2947538B1 (en) 2009-07-03 2009-07-03 FUEL STORAGE APPARATUS AND METHOD
PCT/FR2010/000458 WO2011001043A1 (en) 2009-07-03 2010-06-22 Plant and method for storing fuel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2448860A1 EP2448860A1 (en) 2012-05-09
EP2448860B1 true EP2448860B1 (en) 2013-05-08

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EP10735029.0A Not-in-force EP2448860B1 (en) 2009-07-03 2010-06-22 Fuel storage facility and method for storing fuel

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP2448860B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2947538B1 (en)
TW (1) TW201111245A (en)
WO (1) WO2011001043A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109476474A (en) * 2016-05-10 2019-03-15 托克海姆控股有限责任公司 Fuel storage and distributing equipment

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2999553B1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2015-11-13 IFP Energies Nouvelles FUEL STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTION INSTALLATION, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9523215D0 (en) * 1995-11-13 1996-01-17 Petro Man Ltd Filling of tanks with volatile liquids
FR2827268B1 (en) * 2001-07-12 2004-03-26 Sellco Sa FUEL STORAGE INSTALLATION IN A SERVICE STATION AND METHOD FOR FILLING A SERVICE STATION TANK
US7000651B2 (en) * 2002-07-17 2006-02-21 Husky Corporation Enthalpy extractor for hydrocarbon vapors
FR2909078B1 (en) * 2006-11-24 2009-01-09 Inst Francais Du Petrole FUEL STORAGE FACILITY AND METHOD OF FILLING AND / OR EMPTYING THE TANKS OF THIS FACILITY

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109476474A (en) * 2016-05-10 2019-03-15 托克海姆控股有限责任公司 Fuel storage and distributing equipment

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FR2947538A1 (en) 2011-01-07
TW201111245A (en) 2011-04-01
WO2011001043A1 (en) 2011-01-06
FR2947538B1 (en) 2011-06-17
EP2448860A1 (en) 2012-05-09

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