EP2441512A1 - Injecteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2441512A1
EP2441512A1 EP10013654A EP10013654A EP2441512A1 EP 2441512 A1 EP2441512 A1 EP 2441512A1 EP 10013654 A EP10013654 A EP 10013654A EP 10013654 A EP10013654 A EP 10013654A EP 2441512 A1 EP2441512 A1 EP 2441512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
outlet openings
group
injector
conduit means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10013654A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Rudolf Himmen
Ron C. Dr. Lee
Albert Jost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP10013654A priority Critical patent/EP2441512A1/fr
Publication of EP2441512A1 publication Critical patent/EP2441512A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3133—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B01F25/31331—Perforated, multi-opening, with a plurality of holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit

Definitions

  • the invention describes an injector for the injection of a first fluid into a second fluid streaming in a main channel, whereby the injector comprises at least one inlet for said first fluid and a first group of outlet openings for said first fluid, whereby said first group of outlet openings is connected to a conduit means.
  • the invention is further related to a process for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid streaming in a main channel by an injector and to the use of such an injector and process.
  • Oxygen enriched air is used as oxidizing agent for oxidation processes in a lot of chemical reactors. Therefore the oxygen is injected into an air stream, whereby an equal distribution of the oxygen in the air stream has to be achieved. Otherwise a local increased concentration of oxygen leads to points with increased temperature (hot spots) in the downstream chemical reaction. Such hot spots are negative for the chemical reaction (locally unbalanced chemical equilibrium) and could induce damages in the reactor.
  • a device for the mixing of two different gas streams is disclosed in EP0474524 .
  • a first fluid is injected into a second fluid streaming in a main channel.
  • the injector for the injection of the first fluid is partial positioned in the main channel.
  • the outlet end of the injector is coaxially oriented in the main channel and equipped with radial outlet channels directed away from the central axis of the main channel. Additionally the injector is equipped with transverse baffles to induce a rotational motion of the injected first fluid around the central axis of the main channel.
  • Catalytic fixed bed reactors could be cooled by direct cooling with a cooling fluid.
  • the cooling fluid itself is often cooled by liquid nitrogen.
  • the liquid nitrogen is injected by an injector in the main channel of the streaming cooling fluid.
  • Such an injector comprises a tube which is closed at the lower end and positioned in the main channel by a connection nozzle. The liquid nitrogen is injected against the flow direction of the cooling fluid by lateral openings in the tube.
  • a process and a device for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid streaming in a main channel are disclosed in DE102006007506 .
  • the first fluid is injected by an injector comprising an injection chamber and at least one outlet opening.
  • the injector further comprises means for an adjustment of the pressure drop.
  • a restricting means e.g. formed as a cone is moved vertically in the injection chamber to adjust the pressure drop at the outlet openings.
  • the object of the present invention is an alternative injector and a process for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid streaming in a main channel, which ensure an easy adjustment of the pressure drop of the injector in a given range without moving parts.
  • an injector comprising a second group of outlet openings for said first fluid, whereby said second group of outlet openings is connected to a second conduit means, which is not connected to said first group of outlet opening.
  • the injector comprises more than one group of outlet openings.
  • Each group of outlet openings is connected with a separate conduit means.
  • These separate conduit means ensures an independent delivery of the first fluid to the individual group of outlet openings.
  • the individual flow rate is regulated for each group of outlet openings.
  • the individual flow rate for the separate conduit means and therefore for the individual group of outlet openings could be adjusted between zero and a certain value.
  • the injector has two groups of outlet openings each connected with a separate conduit means.
  • the low flow rate range only one group of outlet openings could be used.
  • the flow rate of the second group of outlet openings and therefore in the second conduit means is adjusted to zero.
  • An increased flow rate would lead to an increased pressure drop at the outlet openings and therefore the spraying pattern would change. Further, an excessive pressure drop may not be reasonable to provide because of pumping or pressure limitations. If the pressure drop would exceed a given value, the flow rate of the second group of outlet openings and therefore through the second conduit means would adjusted to a certain value different from zero.
  • the inventive injector ensures a pressure drop within a determined range.
  • one or more groups of outlet openings with the respective conduit means would be used and the first fluid would be flow through one or more group of outlet openings and respective conduit means
  • each group of outlet openings consists of one or more outlet openings.
  • the number of outlet openings per group and therefore per individual conduit means could be adjusted to the current conditions in dependence on the geometry of the main channel, minimum and maximum amount of first fluid to be delivered, temperature and/or composition of the second fluid etc.
  • said first group of outlet openings is connected via a conduit means to a first inlet for said first fluid and said second group of outlet openings is connected via said second conduit means to a second inlet for said first fluid.
  • the connection of each group of outlet openings to a separate inlet for the first fluid is the simplest way to adjust the individual flow rate in each conduit means and therefore at each group of outlet openings.
  • the injector comprises at least a third group of outlet openings, whereby said third group of outlet openings is connected to a third conduit means.
  • This embodiment of the invention is suitable for applications which require a very broad range of amount of the first fluid which has to be injected in the second fluid. Even at a large total amount of the first fluid the pressure drop at the individual group of outlet openings could be adjusted in a relatively narrow range.
  • At least one outlet opening is designed as spraying nozzle with a v-type opening.
  • These so-called VeeJet nozzles are very well established in the state of the art especially in a cryogenic environment.
  • Such v-type openings provide a good spraying pattern in a very compact design.
  • At least one outlet opening is designed as simple bore hole.
  • the injector according to this embodiment of the invention could more cheaply manufactured.
  • the outlet openings are configured to form a spray.
  • An injector comprising a combination of spraying nozzles and simple bore hole as outlet openings could be advantageously under certain conditions.
  • Such an injector could be easily designed according the conditions of the application where the injector is used and provide greater flexibility in directing the sprays and controlling the flows.
  • the first and/or the second conduit means is equipped with an on/off valve.
  • An on/off valve is the simplest and cheapest possibility to adjust the flow rate in the individual conduit means between zero and a certain value.
  • the on/off valve could be positioned directly in the individual conduit means or at the inlet, if the injector is equipped with individual inlets.
  • the flow rate of the first fluid is adjusted and the on/off valve is used to switch the first and/or the second group of outlet openings on or off. Thereby the pressure drop at the outlet openings is controlled by the on/off valve/s.
  • the object of the invention is further achieved by a process for injecting a first fluid into a second fluid streaming in a main channel, whereby the first fluid is introduced via an inlet into an injector, feed by a first conduit means to a first group of openings and injected through the openings into the second fluid stream, and whereby the injector is positioned at least partially into the main channel, characterised in that in dependence on the desired amount of first fluid, which has to be introduce into the second fluid, said first fluid is injected through said first group of openings alone or through said first group of openings in combination with at least a second group of openings, which is connected with a second conduit means different from said first conduit means.
  • the first fluid is injected in the second fluid by more than one group of outlet openings whereby each group of outlet openings is connected with an individual conduit means.
  • the first fluid is injected through one or more groups of outlet openings.
  • the first fluid is injected through only one group of outlet openings.
  • An increased flow rate would lead to an increased pressure drop at the outlet openings.
  • the increased pressure drop would lead to change in the spraying pattern.
  • the inventive idea is the control of this pressure drop.
  • the pressure drop is kept in a given range by the inventive process. If the flow rate is increased in such a way that the pressure drop would exceed the desired range by using only one group of outlet openings, the first fluid is injected by more than one group of outlet openings.
  • the pressure drop would be lower than by using only one group of outlet openings. The same procedure is used vice versa.
  • a decreased flow rate leads to a decreased pressure drop.
  • the pressure drop could be decreased under a given value and would be therefore outside the given range. In such a case the spraying pattern could be destroyed in the first fluid is introduced drippingly. This would immediatly lead to a incomplete vaporisation and therefore the establishing of cold spots.
  • a reduction of the used groups of outlet openings would lead to an increased pressure drop at the remaining groups of outlet openings. This would increase the pressure drop at the remaining groups of outlet openings into the desired range.
  • the first fluid is delivered to more than one group of outlet openings by individual conduit means for the individual group of outlet openings. The flow rate at each group of outlet openings is adjusted separately.
  • the pressure drop of the first fluid from the injector to the main channel is kept in a defined range by the use of at least a second group of outlet openings.
  • the first fluid is always injected through the first group of outlet openings.
  • the first fluid is injected through a second group of outlet openings. If the pressure drop of the fluid would exceed a given value, the second group of outlet openings is used. If the pressure drop would fall below a given value, the second group of outlet openings would not be used.
  • the flow of the first fluid through said second conduit means and said second group of outlet openings is regulated by an on/off valve.
  • the second group of outlet openings could be switched on or off.
  • the first fluid is injected through more than two groups of outlet openings each connected with an independent conduit means.
  • This embodiment of the invention is suitable for large amounts of the first fluid which has to be injected in the second fluid.
  • said first fluid is injected into said second fluid by a spraying nozzle with a v-type opening, a simple bore hole or a combination of both.
  • the injector and the process according to the disclosed invention exhibit a number of advantages.
  • the present invention ensures a pressure drop at the outlet openings within a defined range. Therefore a well distributed flow pattern of the out coming first fluid within the second fluid is achieved.
  • the invention is suitable for the injection of liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen without establishing "hot spots" or "cold spots". According to the invention there is no need for moving parts to adjust the pressure drop at the outlet openings.
  • Figure 1 show an embodiment of an inventive injector 1.
  • the injector 1 is positioned in the main channel 2 by the connection nozzle 3.
  • the second fluid (e.g. a nitrogen stream or a cooling fluid) 4 is streaming as indicated by the arrow 4.
  • the injector comprises two groups of outlet openings 5, 6 whereby each group of outlet openings consists of two v-type nozzles 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b as outlet openings.
  • the first group 5 of outlet openings 5a, 5b is connected by the first conduit mean 7 to the inlet 10 for the first fluid (e.g. liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen).
  • the second group 6 of outlet openings 6a, 6b is connected by the second conduit means 8 to a second inlet 9 for the first fluid.
  • the shown injector could be used for instance for the injection of liquid nitrogen into a cooling fluid.
  • the first conduit means 7 would be a tube with a diameter of 0.5" (12.7 mm) which is positioned within the second conduit means 8, a tube with a diameter of 1.1" (28 mm).
  • the minimum flow rate of nitrogen is 500 Nm 3 /h in this example.
  • the maximum flow rate of nitrogen is 5000 Nm 3 /h.
  • the maximum allowable pressure drop at the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b is 15 bar.
  • the minimum allowable pressure drop at the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b is 2 bar.
  • Figure 2 discloses an embodiment of the inventive process using the injector shown in figure 1 .
  • the first group 5 of outlet openings 5a, 5b is always fed with liquid nitrogen through the first conduit means 7, while the second group 6 of outlet openings 6a, 6b is fed through the second conduit means 8 equipped with an on/off valve (not shown in figure 1 ).
  • the behaviour of the pressure drop in dependence on the flow rate using only the first group 5 of outlet openings 5a, 5b is represented by the curve 11.
  • the behaviour of the pressure drop in dependence on the flow rate using both groups 5, 6 of outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b is represented in curve 12.
  • the pressure drop at the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b is always adjusted in a defined range, in this example between 2 bar and 15 bar.
  • the first group 5 of outlet openings 5a, 5b is continuously fed with liquid nitrogen.
  • the pressure drop at the outlet openings 5a, 5b is increasing with the increased flow rate. If the maximum defined pressure drop is reached (15 bar in this example) at point 13, the on/off valve is opened and the first fluid is injected through groups 5, 6 of outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b. This leads to a decreased pressure drop at the outlet openings 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b (point 14 in figure 2 ).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP10013654A 2010-10-14 2010-10-14 Injecteur Withdrawn EP2441512A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10013654A EP2441512A1 (fr) 2010-10-14 2010-10-14 Injecteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10013654A EP2441512A1 (fr) 2010-10-14 2010-10-14 Injecteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2441512A1 true EP2441512A1 (fr) 2012-04-18

Family

ID=43646463

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10013654A Withdrawn EP2441512A1 (fr) 2010-10-14 2010-10-14 Injecteur

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP2441512A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014111703A3 (fr) * 2013-01-15 2014-11-06 The University Of Nottingham Réacteur de mélange et procédé associé
EP3189884A4 (fr) * 2015-07-01 2017-08-16 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Dispositif de traitement de gaz d'échappement
IT201700011196A1 (it) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Sol Spa Dispositivo diffusore per miscelazione di due fluidi all'interno di tubazioni in cui scorre un fluido di trasporto.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0474524A1 (fr) 1990-07-27 1992-03-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et dispositif de mélange de deux gaz
WO1998018548A1 (fr) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 Bp Chemicals Limited Tuyere servant a vaporiser un fluide dans un lit fluidise
US6887435B1 (en) * 2000-06-23 2005-05-03 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Integrated air foil and ammonia injection grid for SCR systems
JP2005273952A (ja) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk 減温装置
DE102006007506A1 (de) 2006-02-16 2007-08-23 Linde Ag Injektor mit einstellbarem Druckverlust
US20090293721A1 (en) * 2007-05-18 2009-12-03 Miller Scott D Dispersion lance and shield for dispersing a treating agent into a fluid stream

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0474524A1 (fr) 1990-07-27 1992-03-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et dispositif de mélange de deux gaz
WO1998018548A1 (fr) * 1996-10-31 1998-05-07 Bp Chemicals Limited Tuyere servant a vaporiser un fluide dans un lit fluidise
US6887435B1 (en) * 2000-06-23 2005-05-03 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Integrated air foil and ammonia injection grid for SCR systems
JP2005273952A (ja) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-06 Babcock Hitachi Kk 減温装置
DE102006007506A1 (de) 2006-02-16 2007-08-23 Linde Ag Injektor mit einstellbarem Druckverlust
US20090293721A1 (en) * 2007-05-18 2009-12-03 Miller Scott D Dispersion lance and shield for dispersing a treating agent into a fluid stream

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014111703A3 (fr) * 2013-01-15 2014-11-06 The University Of Nottingham Réacteur de mélange et procédé associé
EP2945732B1 (fr) * 2013-01-15 2019-07-17 The University of Nottingham Procédé de mélange
US10722860B2 (en) 2013-01-15 2020-07-28 The University Of Nottingham Mixing reactor and related process
EP3189884A4 (fr) * 2015-07-01 2017-08-16 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Dispositif de traitement de gaz d'échappement
IT201700011196A1 (it) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Sol Spa Dispositivo diffusore per miscelazione di due fluidi all'interno di tubazioni in cui scorre un fluido di trasporto.
EP3357566A1 (fr) * 2017-02-02 2018-08-08 SOL S.p.A. Diffuseur pour mélanger deux fluides à l'intérieur de conduites dans lesquelles circule un fluide porteur

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