EP2439307A1 - Method for coating a component in a working connection with fuel as fuel injection components and assembly of two components - Google Patents
Method for coating a component in a working connection with fuel as fuel injection components and assembly of two components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2439307A1 EP2439307A1 EP11180417A EP11180417A EP2439307A1 EP 2439307 A1 EP2439307 A1 EP 2439307A1 EP 11180417 A EP11180417 A EP 11180417A EP 11180417 A EP11180417 A EP 11180417A EP 2439307 A1 EP2439307 A1 EP 2439307A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- components
- oxide layer
- coating
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
- C23C8/12—Oxidising using elemental oxygen or ozone
- C23C8/14—Oxidising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
- C23C8/12—Oxidising using elemental oxygen or ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9038—Coatings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for coating a component, which is arranged in operative connection with fuel and designed as a fuel injection component, and an arrangement of two components.
- the two components are arranged one another with a guide play to each other.
- the present invention seeks to provide a method for coating a component arranged in operative connection with fuel, designed as a fuel injection component considered even with relatively close management game between two components over the service life of a component reduces the adhesion or the formation of deposits or aging products.
- This object is achieved in a method for coating a component with the features of claim 1.
- the invention is based on the idea to form an anti-adhesion coating on a component which is formed as an oxide layer. In this case, the catalytic effect of the component surface to form the deposits is prevented by the oxide layer.
- the oxide layer can be advantageously formed on a component by exposing the component in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the exposure takes place at an elevated temperature, in particular a temperature higher than 50 ° Celsius.
- an elevated temperature in particular a temperature higher than 50 ° Celsius.
- the oxide layer can be reinforced again if, during or after the formation of the oxide layer, this water vapor is exposed.
- the method according to the invention can be applied to components which have a chromium-containing steel or consist of a chromium-containing steel.
- the free chromium binds with oxygen and the iron in the oxygen in each case a compound.
- the reaction of the iron and chromium passivates the component. This means that the possibly catalytic support of the chemical elements is hindered by the chemical reactions of the deposit formation on the component surface. Such an oxide layer is therefore comparable to a barrier layer.
- the material for the component is 100CR6 steel.
- the oxide layer is formed in the form of loops after a machining surface treatment of the component.
- the machining surface treatment forms a kind of basis for the oxide layer, wherein the machining of the component simultaneously forms the component with its desired dimensions.
- the invention also encompasses an arrangement of two components in which at least one component has an oxide layer produced by the method according to the invention.
- the two components of the arrangement are arranged to be movable relative to one another and concentric, and that a guide gap between 1.0 ⁇ m and 5.5 ⁇ m is formed between the two components.
- Such an arrangement or training of Components allow relatively low leakage losses and thus - especially when used in the fuel valves - a relatively high overall efficiency. It has proven to be sufficient or advantageous if the thickness of the oxide layer on the at least one component of the arrangement is up to a maximum of 2 ⁇ m.
- the arrangement is preferably used as part of a fuel injector, but it is not limited to fuel injectors.
- FIG. 1 an arrangement 10 of two components 1, 2 is shown.
- the arrangement 10 is in particular components 1, 2 of a fuel injector 100, which is preferably part of a fuel injection system in a so-called common-rail system.
- a fuel injector 100 which is preferably part of a fuel injection system in a so-called common-rail system.
- an operating pressure of more than 1,500 bar, preferably more than 2,000 bar prevail in the common rail system.
- the fuel injection system or the fuel injector 100 is operated with fuel to which at least a certain amount of biodiesel, for example in a range of about 20%, is admixed.
- the component 1 is a cylindrical element in the form of a valve needle that can be moved up and down in a longitudinal axis 3 in the direction of the double arrow 4.
- the component 2 is an injector housing of the fuel injector 100 or another component in which the valve needle is axially displaceable. It is only essential that the component 1 is arranged in the component 2 such that between the two components 1, 2 in the embodiment radially encircling guide gap 5 is formed. In this case, the size of the guide gap 5 is preferably (in the example of valve needle and guide bore 12) between 1.0 ⁇ m and 5.5 ⁇ m.
- the component 1 has a first oxide layer 11 on its outer circumference, and the second component 2 has a second oxide layer 13 on the wall of its guide bore 12.
- the components 1, 2 consist of a chromium-containing steel, in particular of 100CR6 steel.
- the component 1.2 is produced by machining or made to measure. This may in particular be a grinding process in which, for example, the outer diameter of the component 1 in the region of its (later) oxide layer 11 or the bore diameter of the component 2 in the region of the guide bore 12 is manufactured or brought to a specific nominal dimension.
- the thus manufactured component 1, 2 is exposed in a second process step 30 of an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
- the component 1, 2 is passivated. This means that in each case the oxide layer 11, 13 is formed on the component surfaces of the two components 1, 2, in that the free chromium and the iron enter into a bond with the oxygen of the oxygen atmosphere.
- the second process step 30 takes place at a temperature which is elevated relative to the environment, for example a temperature of more than 50 ° C., in order to accelerate or intensify the oxidation process or the formation of the oxide layers 11, 13. Furthermore, it may optionally be provided in a process step 40 that the oxide layers 11, 13 are further reinforced by exposing the components 1, 2 to water vapor.
- the oxide layer 11, 13 has a layer thickness of up to 2 ⁇ m. Such a thickness of the oxide layer 11, 13 causes no change or reduction of the material hardness of the material of the components 1, 2 and thus no associated increased wear of the components 1, 2.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Beschichten eines in Wirkverbindung mit Kraftstoff angeordneten, als Kraftstoffeinspritzkomponente ausgebildeten Bauteils und eine Anordnung zweier Bauteile. Bei der Anordnung ist es dabei insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die beiden Bauteile hierbei ein mit einem Führungsspiel zueinander angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a method for coating a component, which is arranged in operative connection with fuel and designed as a fuel injection component, and an arrangement of two components. In the arrangement, it is particularly provided that the two components are arranged one another with a guide play to each other.
Insbesondere bei zukünftigen Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen ist ein immer größer werdender Anteil von alternativen Kraftstoffen, im Falle von Dieseleinspritzsystemen insbesondere von Biodiesel, vorgesehen. Derartige alternative Kraftstoffe neigen jedoch zur Produktion von Alterungsprodukten, die sich an den Oberflächen der Kraftstoffeinspritzkomponenten bilden bzw. ablagern. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich das zur Bewegung eines ersten Bauteils, das in einem zweiten Bauteil geführt ist, erforderliche Führungsspiel im Laufe der Zeit durch die sich ablagernden Alterungsprodukte nach und nach verringert, was zu einer Erhöhung der Reibung zwischen den beiden Bauteilen durch Erzeugen einer Klebekraft infolge der Ablagerungen führt. Im Falle beispielsweise eines Kraftstoffinjektors, bei der ein zylindrisches Bauteil in Form insbesondere einer Ventilnadel in einer Bohrung in einem Injektorgehäuse geführt ist, kann dies zur Folge haben, dass der Antrieb zum Betätigen der Ventilnadel die erforderlichen Stellkräfte nicht mehr aufbringen kann. Dies kann zu einem verzögerten oder nicht stattfindenden Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine führen.Especially in future fuel injection systems, an ever-increasing proportion of alternative fuels is provided, in the case of diesel injection systems, in particular of biodiesel. However, such alternative fuels tend to produce aging products that build up or deposit on the surfaces of the fuel injection components. As a result, the guide play required for moving a first component guided in a second component is gradually reduced over time by the aging products deposited, which leads to an increase in the friction between the two components an adhesive force due to the deposits leads. In the case of, for example, a fuel injector, in which a cylindrical component in the form of, in particular, a valve needle is guided in a bore in an injector housing, this can have the consequence that the actuator for actuating the valve needle can no longer apply the required actuating forces. This can lead to a delayed or non-occurring injection of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
Es hat sich hierbei herausgestellt, dass beim Einsatz von Biodiesel sich die Ablagerungen bzw. Alterungsprodukte durch deren polaren Charakter der Fettsäuren an den metallischen Oberflächen der Bauteile absetzen bzw. haften. Da auf der anderen Seite eine Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades der Komponenten des Einspritzsystems erwünscht ist, besteht weiterhin die Tendenz zur Verringerung des angesprochenen Führungsspiels zwischen Bauteilen, um Leckageverluste zu verringern, die in den Gesamtwirklungsgras des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems negativ eingehen. Da die Tendenz zur Ablagerung der Alterungsprodukte umso größer ist, je geringer ein durchströmter Führungsspalt ausgebildet ist, wird die Tendenz zu Ablagerungen durch die angesprochenen engen Führungsspiele zusätzlich verstärkt.It has been found that the use of biodiesel, the deposits or aging products by their polar character of the fatty acids settle or adhere to the metallic surfaces of the components. On the other hand, since an improvement in the efficiency of the components of the injection system is desired, there remains a tendency to reduce the mentioned guide clearance between components in order to reduce leakage losses, which are negative in the Gesamtwirklungsgras the fuel injection system. Since the tendency for deposition of the aging products is greater, the smaller a flow-through guide gap is formed, the tendency to deposits by the mentioned narrow guide games is further enhanced.
Ausgehend von dem dargestellten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Beschichten eines in Wirkverbindung mit Kraftstoff angeordneten, als Kraftstoffeinspritzkomponente ausgebildeten Bauteils bereitzustellen, das auch bei relativ engem Führungsspiel zwischen zwei Bauteilen über die Lebens- bzw. Betriebsdauer eines Bauteils betrachtet das Anhaften bzw. die Bildung von Ablagerungen bzw. Alterungsprodukten verringert. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Bauteils mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Erfindung liegt dabei die Idee zugrunde, eine Anti-Haft-Beschichtung an einem Bauteil auszubilden, die als Oxidschicht ausgebildet ist. Hierbei wird die katalytische Wirkung der Bauteiloberfläche zur Bildung der Ablagerungen durch die Oxidschicht unterbunden. Es hat sich darüber hinaus herausgestellt, dass Ablagerungen beim Einsatz von Biodiesel, die im Stillstand entstehen, keinen Systemausfall des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems bewirken, da die angesprochenen Ablagerungen bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung des Bauteils beim Start des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems ausgespült bzw. abgeschert werden.Based on the illustrated prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a method for coating a component arranged in operative connection with fuel, designed as a fuel injection component considered even with relatively close management game between two components over the service life of a component reduces the adhesion or the formation of deposits or aging products. This object is achieved in a method for coating a component with the features of claim 1. The invention is based on the idea to form an anti-adhesion coating on a component which is formed as an oxide layer. In this case, the catalytic effect of the component surface to form the deposits is prevented by the oxide layer. It has also been found that deposits in the use of biodiesel, which arise at a standstill, cause no system failure of the fuel injection system, since the aforementioned deposits are flushed or shaved in the inventive design of the component at the start of the fuel injection system.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Beschichten eines Bauteils sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen.Advantageous developments of the method according to the invention for coating a component are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the claims, the description and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention.
Die Oxidschicht lässt sich vorteilhafterweise an einem Bauteil durch Aussetzen des Bauteils in eine sauerstoffhaltige Atmosphäre ausbilden.The oxide layer can be advantageously formed on a component by exposing the component in an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist es vorgesehen, dass das Aussetzen unter einer erhöhten Temperatur, insbesondere einer Temperatur höher als 50° Celsius, erfolgt. Dadurch kann die Bildung der Oxidschicht gezielt und auch beschleunigt erfolgen, so dass die Herstellungszeit für das Bauteil herabgesetzt werden kann.In a further embodiment, it is provided that the exposure takes place at an elevated temperature, in particular a temperature higher than 50 ° Celsius. As a result, the formation of the oxide layer can be targeted and accelerated, so that the production time for the component can be reduced.
Die Oxidschicht lässt sich darüber hinaus nochmals verstärken, wenn während oder nach der Ausbildung der Oxidschicht diese Wasserdampf ausgesetzt wird.In addition, the oxide layer can be reinforced again if, during or after the formation of the oxide layer, this water vapor is exposed.
In vorteilhafter Weise lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei Bauteilen anwenden, die einen chromhaltigen Stahl aufweisen bzw. aus einem chromhaltigen Stahl bestehen. Hierbei bindet das freie Chrom mit Sauerstoff und das Eisen im Sauerstoff jeweils eine Verbindung aus. Durch die Reaktion des Eisens und des Chroms (der oxidationsfähigen Legierungselemente des Stahls) wird das Bauteil passiviert. Das bedeutet, dass die ggf. katalytische Unterstützung der chemischen Elemente an den chemischen Reaktionen der Belagsbildung an der Bauteiloberfläche behindert wird. Eine derartige Oxidschicht ist daher vergleichbar mit einer Barriereschicht.Advantageously, the method according to the invention can be applied to components which have a chromium-containing steel or consist of a chromium-containing steel. Here, the free chromium binds with oxygen and the iron in the oxygen in each case a compound. The reaction of the iron and chromium (the oxidation-capable alloying elements of the steel) passivates the component. This means that the possibly catalytic support of the chemical elements is hindered by the chemical reactions of the deposit formation on the component surface. Such an oxide layer is therefore comparable to a barrier layer.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn das Material für das Bauteil 100CR6-Stahl ist.It is particularly preferred if the material for the component is 100CR6 steel.
Bevorzugt ist es weiterhin, wenn die Oxidschicht nach einer spanenden Oberflächenbehandlung des Bauteils in Form von Schleifen ausgebildet wird. Hierbei bildet die spanende Oberflächenbehandlung eine Art Grundlage für die Oxidschicht, wobei die spanende Bearbeitung des Bauteils gleichzeitig das Bauteil mit seinen Soll-Dimensionen ausbildet.It is furthermore preferred if the oxide layer is formed in the form of loops after a machining surface treatment of the component. Here, the machining surface treatment forms a kind of basis for the oxide layer, wherein the machining of the component simultaneously forms the component with its desired dimensions.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch eine Anordnung zweier Bauteile, bei denen wenigstens ein Bauteil eine nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Oxidschicht aufweist. Hierbei ist es insbesondere vorgesehen, dass die beiden Bauteile der Anordnung relativ zueinander beweglich und konzentrisch angeordnet sind, und dass zwischen den beiden Bauteilen ein Führungsspalt zwischen 1,0µm und 5,5 µm ausgebildet ist. Eine derartige Anordnung bzw. Ausbildung der Bauteile ermöglicht relativ geringe Leckageverluste und somit - insbesondere beim Einsatz in den Kraftstoffventilen - einen relativ hohen Gesamtwirkungsgrad. Es hat sich als ausreichend bzw. vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Dicke der Oxidschicht an dem wenigstens ein Bauteil der Anordnung bis maximal 2µm beträgt.The invention also encompasses an arrangement of two components in which at least one component has an oxide layer produced by the method according to the invention. In this case, it is provided in particular that the two components of the arrangement are arranged to be movable relative to one another and concentric, and that a guide gap between 1.0 μm and 5.5 μm is formed between the two components. Such an arrangement or training of Components allow relatively low leakage losses and thus - especially when used in the fuel valves - a relatively high overall efficiency. It has proven to be sufficient or advantageous if the thickness of the oxide layer on the at least one component of the arrangement is up to a maximum of 2 μm.
Die Anordnung findet bevorzugt Verwendung als Bestandteil eines Kraftstoffinjektors, es ist jedoch nicht auf Kraftstoffinjektoren beschränkt.The arrangement is preferably used as part of a fuel injector, but it is not limited to fuel injectors.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Beschreibungen bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung.Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following descriptions of preferred embodiments and from the drawing.
Diese zeigt in:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch einen Kraftstoffinjektor im Bereich der Führung seiner Düsennadel und
- Fig. 2
- ein vereinfacht dargestelltes Flussablaufdiagramm zur Verdeutlichung der Herstellung eines Bauteils.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a fuel injector in the region of the leadership of his nozzle needle and
- Fig. 2
- a simplified flow chart illustrating the preparation of a component.
In der
Bei dem Bauteil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein in einer Längsachse 3 in Richtung des Doppelpfeils 4 auf- und abbewegbares zylindrisches Element in Form einer Ventilnadel. Bei dem Bauteil 2 handelt es sich um ein Injektorgehäuse des Kraftstoffinjektors 100 oder eine sonstige Komponente, in der die Ventilnadel axialverschieblich geführt ist. Wesentlich ist lediglich, dass das Bauteil 1 in dem Bauteil 2 derart angeordnet ist, dass zwischen den beiden Bauteilen 1, 2 ein im Ausführungsbeispiel radial umlaufender Führungsspalt 5 ausgebildet ist. Hierbei beträgt die Größe des Führungsspalts 5 vorzugsweise (im Beispiel von Ventilnadel und Führungsbohrung 12) zwischen 1,0µm und 5,5µm. Das Bauteil 1 weist an seinem Außenumfang eine erste Oxidschicht 11 auf, und das zweite Bauteil 2 an der Wand seiner Führungsbohrung 12 eine zweite Oxidschicht 13.In the exemplary embodiment, the component 1 is a cylindrical element in the form of a valve needle that can be moved up and down in a longitudinal axis 3 in the direction of the double arrow 4. The
Die Bauteile 1, 2 bestehen aus einem chromhaltigen Stahl, insbesondere aus 100CR6-Stahl.The
Das Verfahren zum Ausbilden der beiden Oxidschichten 11, 13 an den Bauteilen 1, 2 wird nunmehr anhand der
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass der zweite Prozessschritt 30 unter einer gegenüber der Umgebung erhöhten Temperatur, beispielsweise einer Temperatur von mehr als 50°Celsius erfolgt, um den Oxidationsprozess bzw. die Bildung der Oxidschichten 11, 13 zu beschleunigen bzw. zu intensivieren. Weiterhin kann optional in einem Prozessschritt 40 vorgesehen sein, dass die Oxidschichten 11, 13 durch Aussetzen der Bauteile 1, 2 von Wasserdampf nochmals verstärkt wird.It may be provided that the
Bevorzugt ist es, wenn die Oxidschicht 11, 13, eine Schichtdicke von bis zu 2µm aufweist. Eine derartige Dicke der Oxidschicht 11, 13 bewirkt keine Veränderung bzw. Reduzierung der Materialhärte des Materials der Bauteile 1, 2 und somit keinen damit verbundenen erhöhten Verschleiß der Bauteile 1, 2.It is preferable if the
Ergänzend wird erwähnt, dass der Einsatz der beschriebenen Oxidschichten 11, 13 nicht nur bei Kraftstoffinjektoren 100 in Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen möglich ist, sondern vielmehr bei allen Bauteilen 1, 2, bei denen die Ablagerung bzw. das Anhaften von Alterungs- bzw. Ablagerungsprodukten von Biodiesel oder ähnlichem verhindert werden soll.In addition, it is mentioned that the use of the described
Claims (10)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Ausbilden der Oxidschicht (11, 13) an dem Bauteil (1, 2) durch Aussetzen des Bauteils (1, 2) in eine sauerstoffhaltige Atmosphäre erfolgt.Method according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that the formation of the oxide layer (11, 13) on the component (1, 2) takes place by exposing the component (1, 2) to an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass das Aussetzen unter einer erhöhten Temperatur, insbesondere einer Temperatur größer 50° Celsius, erfolgt.Method according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the exposure takes place at an elevated temperature, in particular a temperature greater than 50 ° Celsius.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass während oder nach der Ausbildung der Oxidschicht (11,13) diese Wasserdampf ausgesetzt wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that during or after the formation of the oxide layer (11,13) is exposed to this water vapor.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass als Material für das Bauteil (1, 2) ein chromhaltiger Stahl verwendet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
in that a chromium-containing steel is used as material for the component (1, 2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass als Material für das Bauteil (1, 2) 100Cr6-Stahl verwendet wird.Method according to claim 5,
characterized,
that 100Cr6 steel is used as the material for the component (1, 2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Oxidschicht (11, 13) nach einer spanenden Oberflächenbehandlung des Bauteils (11, 13) in Form von Schleifen ausgebildet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the oxide layer (11, 13) according to a machining surface treatment of the component (11, 13) is designed in the form of loops.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die beiden Bauteile (1, 2) relativ zueinander beweglich und konzentrisch angeordnet sind und dass zwischen den beiden Bauteilen (1, 2) ein radialer Führungspalt (12) zwischen 1,0µm und 5,5µm ausgebildet ist.Arrangement (10) of two components (1, 2) designed as fuel injection components in operative connection with fuel, in which at least one component (1, 2) has an oxide layer (11, 13) produced by a method according to one of Claims 1 to 7 .
characterized,
in that the two components (1, 2) are arranged to be movable and concentric relative to one another and that a radial guide gap (12) between 1.0 μm and 5.5 μm is formed between the two components (1, 2).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Dicke der Oxidschicht (11, 13) an dem wenigstens einen Bauteil (1, 2) bis zu 2µm beträgt.Arrangement according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the thickness of the oxide layer (11, 13) is at the at least one component (1, 2) up to 2 microns.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die beiden Bauteile (1, 2) Bestandteile eines Kraftstoffinjektors (100) sind.Arrangement according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized,
that the two components (1, 2) are components of a fuel injector (100).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010042249A DE102010042249A1 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Method for coating a component arranged in operative connection with fuel, designed as a fuel injection component, and arrangement of two components |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2439307A1 true EP2439307A1 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
| EP2439307B1 EP2439307B1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
Family
ID=44799619
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11180417.5A Active EP2439307B1 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2011-09-07 | Method for coating a component in a working connection with fuel as fuel injection components and assembly of two components |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2439307B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010042249A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003002859A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2003015944A1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-27 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Furnace run length extension by fouling control |
| EP1310577A1 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2003-05-14 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel pump and direct fuel injection engine |
-
2010
- 2010-10-11 DE DE102010042249A patent/DE102010042249A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-09-07 EP EP11180417.5A patent/EP2439307B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003002859A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine |
| WO2003015944A1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-27 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Furnace run length extension by fouling control |
| EP1310577A1 (en) * | 2001-11-12 | 2003-05-14 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel pump and direct fuel injection engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2439307B1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
| DE102010042249A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
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