EP2438427A1 - Dispositif de mesure, système de mesure et procédé pour mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure, système de mesure et procédé pour mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent

Info

Publication number
EP2438427A1
EP2438427A1 EP10749753A EP10749753A EP2438427A1 EP 2438427 A1 EP2438427 A1 EP 2438427A1 EP 10749753 A EP10749753 A EP 10749753A EP 10749753 A EP10749753 A EP 10749753A EP 2438427 A1 EP2438427 A1 EP 2438427A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring
coupling
light
decoupling
measuring object
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP10749753A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Haas
Jürgen Gärtner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ams Osram International GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH filed Critical Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH
Publication of EP2438427A1 publication Critical patent/EP2438427A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • B60S1/0818—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like
    • B60S1/0822—Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven including control systems responsive to external conditions, e.g. by detection of moisture, dirt or the like characterized by the arrangement or type of detection means
    • B60S1/0833—Optical rain sensor
    • B60S1/0837—Optical rain sensor with a particular arrangement of the optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
    • G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring device, a measuring system and a method for measuring the contamination of a transparent measuring object.
  • Translucent materials are used inter alia as covers for lighting equipment.
  • Cover can protect the illumination device and / or influence the emission characteristic.
  • the light emitted by the illumination device at least partially penetrates the cover.
  • Another field of application for translucent materials are window panes.
  • a measuring device for measuring the contamination of a transparent measuring object having the features of patent claim 1. Furthermore, a measuring system and a method for measuring are provided.
  • the measuring device for measuring the contamination of a transparent measuring object comprises a radiation source, a coupling device for coupling a beam into the measuring object, so that the beam is guided in the measuring object, a coupling device for coupling the beam from the 0 measuring object, a radiation detector and a
  • Comparing means which is designed to compare a characteristic value of the detected beam with a reference value.
  • the measuring device is suitable for detecting contamination, in particular surface contamination, of the measurement object.
  • translucency is meant the ability of material 0 to pass electromagnetic waves, such as light in the visible spectral range, through the material, this property also being called transparency designated. By “translucency” it also applies that only part of the electromagnetic waves are transmitted.
  • a radiation source is a source for providing electromagnetic radiation, in particular light, for example in the visible range.
  • Light may also include ultraviolet or infrared radiation.
  • the beam is, for example, a radiation beam, that is to say a group of beams of the radiation which are in one
  • the beam may be, for example, a light beam.
  • the coupling device makes it possible to couple a beam into the measurement object so that it is guided in the measurement object, that is, the beam runs within the measurement object.
  • the radiation detector is a sensor which is designed to detect a characteristic of the coupled-out beam.
  • An embodiment of the radiation detector is a
  • the detected characteristic value can be, for example, the light intensity or power.
  • the comparison device compares the detected characteristic value with a comparison value. Based on the comparison can be determined whether a cleaning of the test object is required or not. In one embodiment, it is merely determined and indicated whether cleaning is required or not. In an alternative embodiment, the comparison result is a value from a continuous or discrete value range that indicates the degree of contamination.
  • the beam is guided in the test object. Preferably, the beam is coupled in such a way that the beam in the measurement object is reflected at least once on one side of the measurement object, ie after passing through the measurement object from one
  • Measuring object with a top and bottom of the beam can zigzag run from the coupling device to the coupling device in the measurement object when the beam is alternately reflected at the top and bottom.
  • the beam by total reflection in the measurement object is similar
  • the damping is increased by multiple reflection, which facilitates the detection.
  • the prism in the coupling device is suitable for deflecting the beam provided by the radiation source in such a way that it is coupled into the measurement object and 0 after passing through the measurement object on one side of the object
  • the object being measured is totally reflected.
  • the prism in the decoupling device is suitable for the decoupled beam redirect so that it is guided to the radiation detector.
  • the coupling devices 5 and / or the decoupling devices comprise a mirror.
  • the mirror coating is advantageously applied to one side of the coupling device and / or the decoupling device, at which the beam within the coupling device and / or the decoupling device
  • the coupling-in device and / or the coupling-out device comprise a light guiding element, through which the electromagnetic wave, in particular light, passes, wherein the refractive index of the element is similar to the refractive index of the measuring object.
  • the coupling or decoupling of the beam takes place during the transition from the light-guiding element into the measured object. If the refractive index of the element is similar to the refractive index of the measuring object, reflection or refraction of the beam during the transition is avoided or reduced.
  • the refractive index of the element and the refractive index of the measurement object are advantageously matched to one another in such a way that the beam is coupled in such a way that it is totally reflected in the measurement object. If the
  • an adhesive used for this purpose advantageously has a similar Refractive index as the coupling device and / or the coupling-out device and the measurement object.
  • the coupling devices and / or the coupling-out devices are shielded from light radiation from ambient light.
  • Ambient light is understood as meaning any external light irradiation on the measuring device, for example daylight. If the measuring object is the cover of a lighting device, that is the
  • Illuminating device radiated light or emitted by adjacent lighting devices ambient light.
  • the coupling-in and coupling-out devices are positioned in the vicinity of the illumination device, the light emitted by the illumination source can be too
  • the shield helps to prevent the ambient light from distorting the measurement. This would be the case if the ambient light were guided via the measurement object and the decoupling device to the radiation detector.
  • the light signal is a periodic sinusoidal signal.
  • an amplitude-modulated signal is an amplitude-keyed light signal.
  • the amplitude-keyed light signal has two levels between which it switches.
  • the light signal is a periodic on-off-keyed signal with pulses, as may be generated by turning the radiation source on and off.
  • Signal is provided only a single pulse.
  • Another alternative signal has a sequence of pulses.
  • the radiation detector is advantageously designed to detect an intensity or intensity change, for example a light intensity or
  • the radiation detector provides an output signal that is dependent on the detected intensity or intensity change.
  • the radiation detector is advantageously designed to detect the change in intensity. Constant ambient light is not taken into account in this detection. This allows the contamination measurement in daylight or at a
  • the radiation source generates a narrowband light signal that can be detected by using a bandpass filter in the radiation detector 0. This bandpass filter filters out broadband ambient light.
  • a measuring system comprises a transparent measuring object and a measuring device, as described above, for example, whose coupling device and its coupling-out device are positioned on a same side or different sides of the measuring object which has a first and a second side.
  • the measuring object has one side, which is more exposed to the 0 pollution than the other, as for example in the outside of a
  • Lighting source coverage in a tunnel is the case, so are the coupling device and the coupling device advantageously mounted on the side that is not exposed to contamination.
  • the contamination of the measuring device is avoided, which could affect the measurement.
  • the radiation detector is protected by the measurement object, for example in the case of a cover, from environmental influences and dirt.
  • the measuring device In order to facilitate access to the measuring device, it may be advantageous to position the measuring device on the more polluting side.
  • the coupling-in device and the coupling-out device can be positioned on different sides of the measuring object.
  • the coupling device and the decoupling device are positioned such that the beam is reflected multiple times. This increases the measuring accuracy, since the contamination of the test object due to the multiple reflection flows into the measurement several times, so that local deviations of the degree of soiling do not have such a strong effect on the measurement result.
  • a method for measuring the contamination of a transparent measuring object the following steps are provided: The beam is coupled into the measuring object so that the beam is guided in the measuring object. The beam is decoupled from the measured object and detected. A characteristic value of the detected beam is compared with a predetermined reference value.
  • the beam is at least once at a
  • the radiation is amplitude modulated to reduce the influence of ambient light on the measurement.
  • an intensity or an intensity change of the beam is detected.
  • the intensity of a beam can be detected in a simple manner, for example by a photodiode. A change in intensity is advantageously detected when otherwise a uniform irradiation of the ambient light would flow into the measurement result.
  • a bandpass filtering takes place which is suitable for largely blanking out the spectrum of the ambient light. This is advantageous if the beam has a narrow spectrum, which would be the case, for example, with a laser beam.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a measuring system with a measuring device
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the attenuation at increasing
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a cover for a lighting device.
  • the cover is the measuring object 7 whose pollution is measured.
  • the measurement object is shown plan. It should be noted that in alternative embodiments (not shown), the first and second sides are not parallel to each other or the measurement object is not planar, but curved, for example.
  • the measurement object 7 has a first side 8 and a second side 9.
  • the cover is positioned such that the first side 8 faces the illumination device (not shown), so that in operation the light emitted by the illumination device (not shown)
  • Light source radiated light passes through the measuring object 7 and is emitted from the second side 9.
  • the second side 9 is increasingly exposed to environmental influences and can consequently pollute.
  • a measuring device 20 is positioned on the first side 8 of the measuring object 7. Positioning on the first side reduces the effect of environmental influences on the measuring device 20, in particular the associated contamination.
  • the measuring device 20 comprises a radiation source, which in this embodiment is designed as a light source 1, a coupling device 3 and a coupling-out device 5, which are positioned on the first side 8 of the measuring object 7, and a radiation detector, which is designed as a light detector 6 in this embodiment , and a comparison device 10.
  • the light source 1 generates a light beam 2.
  • Light is electromagnetic waves, in particular light in the visible range but also in the ultraviolet and infrared range understood.
  • the Light source 1 a semiconductor device, for example, a device comprising a light-emitting diode (LED) or a laser, which has a narrow-band spectrum.
  • the coupling device 3 and the decoupling device 5 are fixed with a transparent adhesive 4 on the first side 8 of the measuring object 7.
  • the measurement object and the input and the output device are integrally formed.
  • the input and the output device are in this case an integral part of the measurement object. This avoids refraction or damping effects at the transitions between input and output device and object to be measured.
  • the coupling device 3 and the decoupling device 5 are formed as a prism.
  • the prisms are light-guiding elements made of transparent material.
  • the prisms have a flat base in the shape of a right triangle. Other forms are conceivable.
  • the coupling device 3 has an inlet side 31 and an outlet side 32, which is positioned on the first side 8 of the measuring object 7.
  • the light source 1 is positioned such that its light beam 2 enters the coupling device 3 via the entry side 31. In one embodiment, the light source 1 is positioned adjacent to the entrance surface 31. In one exemplary embodiment, the light source 1 touches the coupling device 3.
  • the light beam 2 passes through the coupling device 3.
  • the light beam 2 is at the exit surface 32 so in the DUT coupled 7 that it is reflected at least on one side 9 of the measuring object 7.
  • the light beam 2 is reflected in the coupling device 3 on one side of the prism.
  • the light beam 2 initially runs parallel or nearly parallel to the first side 8 of the measurement object 7 and is reflected in such a way that the light beam 2 exits at the decoupling surface 32 and enters the measurement object 7.
  • the sides of the coupling device 3, which reflect the light, are preferably mirrored in order to avoid damping effects.
  • the coupling device 3 is shielded from ambient light. This can be achieved, for example, with a cover 12.
  • Ambient light is light radiation into the measuring device 20, which does not originate from the light beam 2, that is also the light generated by the illumination device (not shown).
  • the cover 12 is preferably designed and / or arranged such that the coupling device 3 and / or the coupling-out device 5, apart from the side facing the measurement object, is shielded on all sides from ambient light.
  • the light beam 2 is largely transmitted at the interface between the coupling device 3 and the measuring object 8.
  • the light-guiding part of the coupling device 3 has a similar refractive index as the measuring object 7
  • Refractive index of the adhesive 4 is advantageously similar.
  • a similar refractive index leads to refractive and refractive index Damping effects are largely avoided or reduced at the interface.
  • a similar refractive index can be understood to mean a refractive index, so that the light beam 2 is not reflected or only partially reflected when it passes from the coupling device 3 into the measuring object.
  • the coupled-in light beam 2 is repeatedly reflected at the first and the second side 8, 9 of the measuring object 7, so that it runs in a zigzag pattern along the measuring object 7.
  • the light beam 2 is coupled into the measurement object 7 in such a way that the light beam is totally reflected on the sides 7, 9 of the measurement object 8.
  • the decoupling takes place by means of the decoupling device 5 with an entry surface 51 and an exit surface 52.
  • the refractive index of the primate is selected such that reflection of the light beam 2 does not occur but rather at least substantial transmission of the light beam 2 into the decoupling device 5.
  • the light-guiding part of the decoupling device 5, the adhesive 4 and the measuring object 7 have a similar refractive index.
  • the light beam 2 extends in the decoupling device 5 in such a way that it can be detected by a detector 6 which is positioned at the exit surface 52 of the decoupling device 5. This can be done, for example, by the light beam 2 striking the light detector 6 directly from the entrance surface 51 via the exit surface 52, as shown in FIG. 1 by the beam path 2a. But it is also conceivable that the light beam 2 is reflected again in the decoupling device, as shown in Figure 1 by the beam path 2b.
  • the Output coupling device 5 prism-shaped, which makes it possible to reflect the light beam 2 so that it strikes the light detector 6.
  • the reflection side of the decoupling device 5 is mirrored to obtain the signal quality.
  • Ambient light may be reduced by a cover 12 for shielding.
  • the cover for shielding the decoupling device 5 may be connected to the cover for shielding the coupling device 3 or it may be provided a separate cover for shielding the decoupling device.
  • the shielding can take place alternatively or additionally, in which an opaque layer, preferably above the mirror layer, is applied to the decoupling device. Such an opaque layer is alternatively or additionally optionally also suitable for the shielding of the coupling device 3 against ambient light.
  • a shielding of the coupling device and / or the coupling-out device against ambient light is preferably provided on all sides except on the side facing the measuring object, the coupling-out device or the coupling device. In particular, a shield may be provided laterally next to the coupling device 3 and / or the coupling-out device 5 on the side 8 of the measurement object.
  • the light detector 6 may be formed as a semiconductor device.
  • An exemplary embodiment comprises a photodiode which is suitable for detecting the light intensity of the light beam 2.
  • the light detector 6 generates a signal dependent on the detected light, for example a signal
  • a comparison device 10 compares the detected intensity of the light beam 2 with a predetermined comparison value. Based on the result can be read whether a cleaning of the measuring object 7 is required or what degree of contamination it has.
  • the comparator 10 indicates whether a predetermined level of contamination has been reached, for example by a beep or a signal light. In this case, the compares
  • the comparison device 10 outputs a value at which the degree of contamination can be read off. In one embodiment, this value is between 0 and 1, where 1 corresponds to an unpolluted object to be measured and 0 corresponds to contamination associated with opacity.
  • comparison device can also be designed such that the result is transmitted to a display device, be it via contact means or contactless.
  • Display device can be mounted on the second side 9 of the measurement object or beyond the illumination device or its cover.
  • the measurement of contamination is based on the fact that with increasing pollution of the coupled light beam 2 is attenuated more. Due to the contamination of the measuring object 7, the light is in reflection at the second Page 9 partially absorbed. This effect occurs all the more, the more often the light from the second side 9 of the measuring object 7 is reflected and thus damped.
  • Pollution degree facilitates and increases the accuracy. Low pollution, for example, by a few percentage points, would be detected with only a single reflection with a sensitive detector. Due to the multiple reflection, however, the damping effect multiplies, so that even slight contamination is easier to detect.
  • the number of reflections of the light beam 2 within the measuring object 7 can be varied. The larger the distance 11, the more reflections are made.
  • the distance 11 may for example be between 1 cm and 10 cm.
  • the distance 11 can be selected depending on the degree of contamination to be detected. Should rather low Pollution can be detected, it may be advantageous to choose a greater distance to increase the number of reflections. This improves the dynamic range. If the detection concentrates more on heavy soiling, then a smaller distance may be advantageous, since heavy soiling, even with few reflections, leads to a significant attenuation of the light beam 2, which can be detected.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates, with reference to a diagram, the attenuation of the light beam at different degrees of contamination and at different distances between the input and output device 3, 5.
  • Pollution levels of a glass sheet applied. 51 corresponds to clean glass. 52 corresponds to a low pollution. 53 corresponds to medium pollution and 54 corresponds to high pollution.
  • a relative signal value is plotted on the Y axis.
  • the received signal is compared with the signal that is detected in a non-contaminated disc, so that the value for the unpolluted measuring object is 1.
  • the curves 61, 62, 63, 64 each comprise four values which are indicated by markers.
  • the curves represent different distances 11 between the input and output device 3, 5.
  • Curve 61 is a transmission curve. That is, curve 61 indicates the extent to which the intensity of the transmitted Light is reduced by the increasing pollution. In this case there is a linear relationship between signal degradation and contamination.
  • Curve 62 shows the change in the relative signal at a small distance, in this example 2 cm, between the input and output device. It can be seen that the signal is more strongly degraded by the multiple reflection than is the case with the transmission.
  • the curves 63 and 64 show the relative signal when the distance between the input and output device is further increased. In the case of the curve 63 it is 4 cm, in the case of the curve 64 it is 6 cm. It can be seen that the relative signal is further degraded by the increased distance between the input and output coupling device, so that a clear signal degradation can be detected even with slight contamination 52. This results in the highest damping for the largest distance selected in conjunction with the most heavily soiled disc. The relationship between the disc contamination and the measured values is clear. For larger distances between the
  • Input and output device results in a higher attenuation.
  • the measurement can be used to derive a reliable statement about the contamination of the DUT.
  • a calibration of the comparison device 10 can be carried out, for example, by taking a measurement with a clean measurement object and a measurement at a predetermined degree of contamination, in which a cleaning is to take place. If this degree of contamination has been detected in a subsequent measurement, for example, a signal is emitted, which signals the pollution and required cleaning. It should be noted that measurement results are determined largely unaffected by environmental parameters when no ambient light occurs. This is the case with a lighting device when this lighting device is switched off. However, this can lead to an influence on traffic safety in lighting equipment in tunnels.
  • the light source 1 is suitable for generating an amplitude-modulated light signal.
  • One form of amplitude modulated signal is a light pulse.
  • One form of amplitude modulated signal is a sequence of light pulses.
  • One form of amplitude modulated signal is a periodic on-off-keyed light signal.
  • the light detector 6 is suitable for detecting a change in the characteristic to be detected, for example a change in intensity. It is not detected an absolute value, but the level difference of the detected
  • a small change in intensity with a low level fluctuation indicates a high degree of contamination, while a high intensity change is associated with low pollution.
  • the detected change is compared with a reference value. If the input signal comprises a pulse sequence or is a periodic on-off-keyed light signal, a plurality of intensity changes can be detected so that the values can be averaged, which increases the measurement accuracy.
  • a narrowband light signal is generated, for example by a laser, which is filtered by a bandpass filter on the detector. The bandpass filter largely filters the broadband ambient light and limits the detection to a narrow bandpass range.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure (20) servant à mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent (7). Le dispositif de mesure selon l'invention comprend une source de rayonnement (1), un dispositif d'injection (3) pour l'introduction d'un faisceau (2) dans l'objet à mesurer (7) de sorte que le faisceau (2) est guidé dans l'objet à mesurer (7), un dispositif d'extraction (5) pour la sortie du faisceau (2) de l'objet à mesurer (7), un détecteur de rayonnement (6), ainsi qu'un dispositif de comparaison (10) conçu pour comparer une valeur caractéristique du faisceau détecté (2) à une valeur de référence.
EP10749753A 2009-06-02 2010-05-31 Dispositif de mesure, système de mesure et procédé pour mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent Ceased EP2438427A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009023615A DE102009023615A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2009-06-02 Messeinrichtung, Messsystem und Verfahren zur Messung der Kontamination eines lichtdurchlässigen Messobjekts
PCT/DE2010/000632 WO2010139313A1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-05-31 Dispositif de mesure, système de mesure et procédé pour mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2438427A1 true EP2438427A1 (fr) 2012-04-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10749753A Ceased EP2438427A1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-05-31 Dispositif de mesure, système de mesure et procédé pour mesurer la contamination d'un objet à mesurer transparent

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2438427A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009023615A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010139313A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018206548A1 (de) * 2018-04-27 2019-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Detektion von Beschädigungen und/oder Verunreinigungen auf einem transparenten Abdeckmaterial eines optoelektronischen Sensors, System, optoelektronischer Sensor und Fortbewegungsmittel
AT526362B1 (de) * 2022-10-25 2024-03-15 Avl List Gmbh Verfahren zur Verschmutzungskontrolle einer optischen Messvorrichtung

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GB1395113A (en) * 1973-03-16 1975-05-21 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Detecting obscuring matter on transparent screens
US3947131A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-03-30 Gerhard Karl Windshield soil detector
DE4006174C1 (fr) * 1990-02-28 1991-07-25 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co Kg, 5880 Luedenscheid, De
US20030030813A1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-02-13 Anthony Martin Instrument to measure the amount of condensation during gaseous sterilisation process
DE10049401A1 (de) * 2000-10-05 2002-04-25 Hsm Gmbh Feuchtigkeitssensor
DE20106689U1 (de) * 2001-04-10 2002-03-14 Dr. Bruno Lange GmbH & Co. KG, 14163 Berlin Spektralphotometer
DE10140265A1 (de) * 2001-08-16 2003-04-24 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Verfahren zur Kompensation des Temperatureinflusses auf die Sendeleistung einer Sende-LED und/oder die Empfindlichkeit einer Empfangsdiode
DE10219690A1 (de) * 2002-05-02 2003-11-27 Ralf Spillecke Sensorelement zur Detektion von Kondensation
DE10339696B4 (de) * 2003-08-28 2007-12-27 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Objekten auf einer transparenten Wand, insbesondere von Regentropfen auf einer Windschutzscheibe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010139313A1 (fr) 2010-12-09
DE102009023615A1 (de) 2010-12-09

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