EP2436913B1 - Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2436913B1
EP2436913B1 EP11177615.9A EP11177615A EP2436913B1 EP 2436913 B1 EP2436913 B1 EP 2436913B1 EP 11177615 A EP11177615 A EP 11177615A EP 2436913 B1 EP2436913 B1 EP 2436913B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
starter
pinion
axially
starter pinion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11177615.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2436913A1 (de
Inventor
Rainer Stoeckl
Stephan Kaske
Sven Hartmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEG Automotive Germany GmbH filed Critical SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Publication of EP2436913A1 publication Critical patent/EP2436913A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2436913B1 publication Critical patent/EP2436913B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/062—Starter drives
    • F02N15/065—Starter drives with blocking means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starter for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the DE-PS 317609 describes an electrically actuable starter for an internal combustion engine which has a starter pinion which can be axially displaced on a drive shaft and which engages with a toothed ring of an internal combustion engine in the advanced state.
  • the starter pinion is adjusted between its axially retracted non-functional position and the advanced drive position in which the engagement with the ring gear is made by means of an engagement lever.
  • the starter pinion positively engages in a driver which is connected to the drive shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, the starter pinion being axially displaceably mounted relative to the driver and supported by a spring element.
  • the spring element mitigates the impact when advancing in the event of a tooth-on-tooth impact of the starter pinion on the ring gear. After the engagement position between the teeth of the starter pinion and the ring gear is reached, the starter pinion is displaced into its final axial position by the force of the compressed spring element.
  • the DE 10 2008 054 965 A1 discloses a starter for an internal combustion engine with a starter pinion which is axially displaceable and rotatable on a pinion shaft is held bar, wherein a freewheel body is integrally formed with the pinion shaft.
  • a starter relay is activated, via which the pinion is pushed up to the ring gear of an internal combustion engine.
  • the pinion including the pinion shaft is mounted on a drive shaft of an electric starter motor and axially preloaded via an engagement spring.
  • the engagement spring has the function, in a tooth-on-tooth position between the pinion and the ring gear, to move the pinion teeth into the next tooth gap of the ring gear as soon as the drive shaft is slightly rotated by actuating the starter motor.
  • the starter is provided with a torsion spring, which is located between the freewheel base body and the starter pinion and has the task of prestressing the starter pinion in the direction of rotation. This is intended to shorten the period of time after the internal combustion engine has been switched off and when the engine is started again, in that the starter pinion is elastically engaged in the still rotating ring gear before the internal combustion engine comes to a standstill when the starter motor is stationary.
  • Another starter for an internal combustion engine is from the JP 2007 120400 A. known.
  • the WO 03/072936 A1 discloses a starter motor for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • a starter pinion is adjustable between an inoperative position and an advanced drive position, two spring elements connected in series being used in this connection.
  • a generic starter for an internal combustion engine is from the US 2002/047269 A1 known.
  • the invention has for its object to ensure safe engagement of the starter pinion in a starter in the ring gear of an internal combustion engine with reduced forces with simple design measures.
  • the starter according to the invention is preferably driven by an electric starter motor and is used to start an internal combustion engine.
  • it is a freely emitting starter.
  • the starter pinion of the start is to be adjusted axially between an inoperative position and an advanced drive position in which the starter pinion engages with one Gear ring of an internal combustion engine stands.
  • the starter pinion is axially displaceable relative to a driving component, which is, for example, the pinion shaft which is the carrier of the starter pinion and which in turn is driven directly or indirectly by a drive shaft which is actuated by the starter motor.
  • the starter pinion is axially supported by a spring arrangement, as a result of which the momentum when advancing and striking tooth-on-tooth on the ring gear of the internal combustion engine is considerably reduced.
  • the spring arrangement exerts an axial spring force on the starter pinion. Upon tooth-on-tooth impact, the spring arrangement is compressed, as a result of which energy is stored in the spring arrangement. When the sprocket is engaged, the stored spring energy causes the starter pinion to advance axially to the final starting position.
  • the spring arrangement has a non-linear spring characteristic.
  • This has the advantage that, when the starter pinion advances, different spring forces are effective at different times in comparison to a linear spring behavior, which can be better adapted to the current situation.
  • the advantage of the progressive spring characteristic is that even with relatively small spring arrangements, relatively high axially acting spring forces can be transmitted.
  • a comparatively large spring travel must be provided in order to avoid the spring element striking a block and thus a sudden impulse.
  • one of the spring elements or all spring elements are covered by a cover plate, which is part of the spring arrangement.
  • the non-linear spring behavior is achieved by a row arrangement of at least two spring elements, which advantageously differ from one another in at least one spring characteristic value.
  • the maximum available spring travel expediently differing in the spring elements.
  • the spring constant with a linear spring behavior can either be the same for both spring elements or differ from one another. In the case of different spring constants, it is in particular possible to also assign a shorter maximum spring travel to that spring element with a smaller spring constant, whereas the further spring element with a larger spring constant also has a larger maximum permissible one Has travel. In addition, designs of spring elements connected in series are also possible, in which one spring element has a linear and another spring element has a non-linear, in particular progressive spring behavior.
  • the spring elements of the series connection are expediently arranged directly next to one another. As a result, a particularly space-saving design is achieved.
  • the cover plate forms one of the spring elements. In principle, however, it is also possible to provide the cover plate in addition to the spring elements connected in series.
  • At least one spring element is expediently designed as a spring ring, for example as a plate spring or as an annular wave spring, which only require a small installation space in the axial direction.
  • a single spring element with a non-linear spring characteristic, in particular a progressive spring characteristic in the spring arrangement.
  • the non-linear spring characteristic is achieved, for example, in the case of coil springs with a cylindrical envelope by changing the pitch between the turns and / or varying the wire thickness of the spring.
  • a conical or double-conical shape of the helical spring is also possible, possibly in combination with a varying pitch between the turns and / or changing wire thickness.
  • the starter pinion is advantageously secured axially on the driving component via a locking ring.
  • the locking ring is located on the side of the starter pinion axially opposite the spring arrangement and prevents the starter pinion from moving too far axially from the spring arrangement.
  • the locking ring thus represents a stop for the starter pinion, via which the starter pinion is held axially in position.
  • FIG. 1 A starting device 10 is shown in longitudinal section.
  • the starting device 10 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and an engagement relay 16.
  • the starter motor 13 and the engagement relay 16 are fastened to a common drive end shield 19.
  • the starter motor 13 is used functionally to drive a starter pinion 22 when it is engaged in the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine, not shown here.
  • the starter motor 13 has a pole tube 28 as a housing, which has pole shoes 31 on its inner circumference, each of which is wound by an excitation winding 34.
  • the pole shoes 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has an armature package 43 constructed from lamella 40 and an armature winding 49 arranged in slots 46.
  • the armature package 43 is pressed onto a drive shaft 44.
  • a commutator 52 is also attached to the end of the drive shaft 44 facing away from the starter pinion 22 and is constructed, among other things, from individual commutator segments 55.
  • the commutator fins 55 are electrically connected in a known manner to the armature winding 49 such that when the commutator fins 55 are energized by carbon brushes 58, the armature 37 rotates in the pole tube 28.
  • a current supply 61 arranged between the engagement relay 16 and the starter motor 13 supplies both the carbon brushes 58 and the excitation winding 34 with current in the switched-on state.
  • the drive shaft 44 is supported on the commutator side with a shaft journal 64 in a slide bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a commutator bearing cover 70.
  • the commutator cover 70 is in turn fastened in the drive end shield 19 by means of tie rods 73 which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example 2, 3 or 4 pieces).
  • the pole tube 28 is supported on the drive end shield 19 and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.
  • a so-called sun gear 80 connects to the armature 37 and is part of a planetary gear 83.
  • the sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planet gears 86, usually three planet gears 86, which are supported on axle journals 92 by means of roller bearings 89.
  • the planet gears 86 roll in a ring gear 95 which is mounted on the outside in the pole tube 28.
  • a planet carrier 98 adjoins the planet wheels 86 in the direction toward the driven side, in which the axle journal 92 are received.
  • the planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate bearing 101 and a slide bearing 104 arranged therein.
  • the intermediate bearing 101 is designed in a pot-shaped manner such that both the planet carrier 98 and the planet gears 86 are accommodated in it. Furthermore, the ring gear 95 is arranged in the pot-shaped intermediate bearing 101 and is ultimately closed by a cover 107 with respect to the armature 37. The intermediate bearing 101 is also supported with its outer circumference on the inside of the pole tube 28.
  • the armature 37 has a further shaft journal 110 on the end of the drive shaft 44 facing away from the commutator 52, which is also received in a slide bearing 113.
  • the plain bearing 113 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98.
  • the planet carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 116.
  • This output shaft 116 is supported with its end 119 facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 in a further bearing 122, which is fastened in the drive end shield 19.
  • the output shaft 116 is divided into different sections: the section which is arranged in the slide bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101 is followed by a section with a so-called straight toothing 125 (internal toothing) which is part of a so-called shaft-hub connection.
  • this shaft-hub connection 128 enables a driver 131 to slide axially in a straight line.
  • This driver 131 is a sleeve-like extension which is integral with a cup-shaped outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137.
  • This freewheel 137 (directional lock) also consists of the inner ring 140, which is arranged radially inside the outer ring 132. Clamping bodies 138 are arranged between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132. In cooperation with the inner and outer rings, these clamping bodies 138 prevent a relative rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring in a second direction. In other words: the freewheel 137 allows a relative movement between the inner ring 140 and outer ring 132 in only one direction.
  • the inner ring 140 forms the pinion shaft, which is designed as a separate component, on which the starter pinion 22, which has the helical toothing 143 (outer helical toothing), is seated in a rotationally fixed manner, but with axial adjustment possibility.
  • the starter pinion 22 can alternatively also be designed as a straight toothed pinion.
  • electromagnetically excited pole shoes 31 with excitation winding 34 permanently magnetically excited poles can also be used.
  • the engagement relay 16 has a bolt 150 which is an electrical contact and which is connected to the positive pole of an electrical starter battery, which is not shown here.
  • This bolt 150 is passed through a relay cover 153.
  • This relay cover 153 closes a relay housing 156 which is fastened to the drive end shield 19 by means of a plurality of fastening elements 159 (screws).
  • a pull-in winding 162 and a so-called holding winding 165 are also arranged in the engagement relay 16.
  • the pull-in winding 162 and the holding winding 165 both cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through both the relay housing 156 (made of electromagnetic conductive material), a linearly movable armature 168 and an armature short circuit 171.
  • the armature 168 carries a push rod 174 which is moved in the direction of a switching bolt 177 when the armature 168 is drawn in linearly. With this movement of the push rod 174 to the switching pin 177, the latter is moved from its rest position toward two contacts 180 and 181, so that a contact bridge 184 attached to the contacts 180 and 181 at the end of the switching pin 177 electrically connects the two contacts 180 and 181 to one another. As a result, electrical power is led from the bolt 150 across the contact bridge 184 to the power supply 61 and thus to the carbon brushes 58. The starter motor 13 is energized.
  • the engagement relay 16 or the armature 168 also has the task of moving a lever which is arranged in a rotationally movable manner with the drive end shield 19 with a pulling element 187.
  • This lever 190 usually designed as a fork lever, encompasses two disks 193 and 194 on its outer circumference with two tines, not shown here, in order to move a drive ring 197 clamped between them to the freewheel 137 against the resistance of the spring 200 and thereby the starter pinion 22 in engage the ring gear 25.
  • the starter pinion 22 is shown in a single representation.
  • the starter pinion 22 with the toothing 143 is seated on the pinion shaft 140, which is designed as a separate component and has a portion of smaller diameter and a portion of larger diameter, the starter pinion 22 being located on the portion of smaller diameter.
  • the pinion shaft 140 has a shoulder or an annular shoulder 301.
  • a spring arrangement 302 is received, which transmits spring forces in the axial direction between the pinion shaft 140 and the starter pinion 22.
  • the spring arrangement 302 is intended to reduce the momentum when the starter pinion 22 axially advances and a tooth-on-tooth impinges on the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, the spring arrangement 302 is intended to support the engagement of the starter pinion 22 in the ring gear.
  • the spring arrangement 302 comprises two spring elements 303 and 304, which are arranged axially one behind the other. Between the two spring elements 303, 304 there is a cover plate 305, L-shaped in cross section, which covers the spring element 304.
  • the radial leg of the cover plate 305 surrounds the pinion shaft 140 and at the same time serves as a support for the spring elements 303 and 304 located on both sides.
  • the leg of the cover plate 305 which extends in the axial direction, runs in the direction of the pinion shaft 22 and overlaps the second spring element 304.
  • the radial one Extent of the radial leg of the cover plate 305 is selected such that the facing end face of the starter pinion 22 can be overlapped by the horizontal leg of the cover plate without collision, so that even when the starter pinion 22 axially approaches the shoulder 301 on the pinion shaft 140, there is no risk of collision with the Cover plate 305 is made.
  • the two spring elements 303 and 304 are each designed as ring-shaped disc springs, which only require a minimal installation space in the axial direction.
  • the first spring element 303 is received on an intermediate step on the shoulder 301 of the pinion shaft 140 and is supported against the radial leg of the cover plate 305.
  • the second spring element 304 is supported on the opposite side wall of the radial leg of the cover plate 305 and on the axial end face of the starter pinion 22.
  • the two spring elements 303 and 304 each have a linear spring behavior with a constant spring rate, which, however, differs from one another.
  • the maximum available spring travel of both spring elements 303, 304 also differs from one another.
  • the first spring element 303 has a smaller maximum spring travel than the second spring element 304.
  • the spring rate of the first spring element 303 is also smaller than the spring rate of the second spring element 304. Exemplary values are a spring travel of 0.5 mm and a spring rate of 15 N / mm for the first spring element 303 and a spring travel of 1 mm and a spring rate of 40 N / mm for the second spring element 304.
  • both spring elements 303 and 304 are not yet compressed so far that they lie on a block and can thus develop their spring force, the total spring rate of the spring arrangement is also constant due to the series connection of the two spring elements, but less than each individual spring rate. This results in a relatively soft spring behavior, which is effective when the starter pinion advances at the start of the starter pinion striking the ring gear.
  • the first spring element 303 comes into a blocking position due to the shorter spring travel, as a result of which the spring element 303 no longer participates in the spring behavior of the spring arrangement.
  • the second spring element 304 remains effective, the spring rate of which is significantly higher than the total spring rate of the spring arrangement.
  • the transition between the total spring rate of the arrangement, which is smaller than the smaller spring rate of the two individual springs, and the only effective spring rate of the second spring element 304 takes place suddenly. There is thus a non-linear, progressive increase in the spring characteristic of the spring arrangement 302.
  • both spring elements 303, 304 are deactivated with regard to their spring behavior, there is a rigid support of starter pinion 22 in the axial direction on shoulder 301 of pinion shaft 140. Also the transition between the springy behavior of the spring arrangement, in which only the second spring element 304 is effective , and the rigid support is abrupt.
  • the starter pinion 22 is secured against axial detachment from the pinion shaft via a locking ring 306 140 secured.
  • the locking ring 306 is received in a circumferential groove in the outer surface of the pinion shaft 140.
  • the locking ring 306 is placed axially so that the starter pinion 22 has an axial range of motion on the pinion shaft 140.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 3 essentially corresponds to that Fig. 2 , so that with regard to matching components and functions, reference is made to the above description. Differences exist in the spring arrangement 302, which in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 3 comprises only two components, namely the spring element 304, which is designed as an annular disc spring, and the cover plate 305, which takes on an additional spring function and thus takes on the task of a second spring element. Because of the arrangement axially one behind the other, the spring element 304 and the cover plate 305 are connected in series, so that the constant total spring rate of the spring arrangement 302 is smaller than the constant individual spring rates of the spring element 304 and cover plate 305.
  • the cover plate 305 is located on the shoulder 301 the side facing the pinion shaft 140 and engages over the plate-shaped spring element 304 with its axial leg.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
EP11177615.9A 2010-09-30 2011-08-16 Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine Active EP2436913B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010041727A DE102010041727A1 (de) 2010-09-30 2010-09-30 Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2436913A1 EP2436913A1 (de) 2012-04-04
EP2436913B1 true EP2436913B1 (de) 2020-06-17

Family

ID=44759424

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11177615.9A Active EP2436913B1 (de) 2010-09-30 2011-08-16 Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2436913B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102444523B (zh)
DE (1) DE102010041727A1 (zh)
HU (1) HUE050585T2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011017534B4 (de) * 2011-04-26 2020-06-04 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Startvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
FR3004222B1 (fr) * 2013-04-08 2017-08-11 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Ensemble porte-pignon perfectionne, lanceur, et demarreur pour vehicule automobile correspondants
DE102015214810A1 (de) * 2015-08-04 2017-02-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Startvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine
FR3042231B1 (fr) * 2015-10-09 2019-08-16 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Lanceur de demarreur de vehicule automobile muni d'un capot de protection
JP6009641B1 (ja) * 2015-10-30 2016-10-19 三菱電機株式会社 内燃機関の始動装置

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE317609C (zh)
US1590150A (en) * 1923-06-04 1926-06-22 North East Electric Co Power-transmission mechanism
US4479394A (en) * 1981-06-18 1984-10-30 Eaton Stamping Company Electric starter with confined cushion
JP4453227B2 (ja) * 2000-10-20 2010-04-21 株式会社デンソー スタータ
MXPA03001851A (es) * 2001-06-29 2004-12-03 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Motor de arranque para automovil con pinon bendix perfeccionado.
FR2838777B1 (fr) * 2002-02-28 2005-12-02 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Demarreur electrique a butee d'amortissement pour le lanceur
JP2007120400A (ja) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-17 Denso Corp スタータ
DE102007026078B4 (de) 2007-05-27 2017-03-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh System aus Startvorrichtung und Brennkraftmaschine, Startvorrichtung sowie Brennkraftmaschine
DE102008000883A1 (de) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Startvorrichtung
DE102008054965B4 (de) * 2008-12-19 2018-08-23 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung für Start-Stopp-Anlagen von Brennkraftmaschinen in Kraftfahrzeugen
JP5251693B2 (ja) * 2009-04-10 2013-07-31 株式会社デンソー スタータ

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102444523A (zh) 2012-05-09
EP2436913A1 (de) 2012-04-04
CN102444523B (zh) 2015-07-29
HUE050585T2 (hu) 2020-12-28
DE102010041727A1 (de) 2012-04-05

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