EP2434061A1 - Dispositif et procédé de dragage sans endommager les structures présentes sur le fond à draguer - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de dragage sans endommager les structures présentes sur le fond à draguer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2434061A1
EP2434061A1 EP11182998A EP11182998A EP2434061A1 EP 2434061 A1 EP2434061 A1 EP 2434061A1 EP 11182998 A EP11182998 A EP 11182998A EP 11182998 A EP11182998 A EP 11182998A EP 2434061 A1 EP2434061 A1 EP 2434061A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dredging
dredge
suction head
dredge suction
distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11182998A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2434061B1 (fr
Inventor
Luc Van der Keere
Lien De Backer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
Original Assignee
Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV filed Critical Baggerwerken Decloedt and Zoon NV
Publication of EP2434061A1 publication Critical patent/EP2434061A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2434061B1 publication Critical patent/EP2434061B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/8833—Floating installations
    • E02F3/8841—Floating installations wherein at least a part of the soil-shifting equipment is mounted on a ladder or boom
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/907—Measuring or control devices, e.g. control units, detection means or sensors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9243—Passive suction heads with no mechanical cutting means
    • E02F3/925—Passive suction heads with no mechanical cutting means with jets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E02F9/067—Floating substructures as supports with arrangements for heave compensation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dredging device, comprising a dredging vessel adapted for movement in a direction of movement, a dredge suction head connected to the dredging vessel and having a dredge suction opening, a dredge pump placed on the dredging vessel and having a suction connection, a suction conduit connecting the dredge suction head to the suction connection of the dredge pump, and support means placed between the dredging vessel and the dredge suction head for supporting the dredge suction conduit, the support means being adapted to determine the depth of the dredge suction head.
  • Such dredging devices are generally known.
  • a known dredge suction head is provided here with teeth arranged around the dredge suction opening for the purpose of dislodging from the bottom material to be brought up by dredging.
  • Such a dredge suction head is dragged forward over or in the bottom for dredging, wherein the teeth dislodge the soil.
  • Such a dredge suction head is therefore also referred to as a trailing dredge suction head.
  • Such structures are formed for instance by cables or conduits present in the bottom. There is a danger here of the dredging head and/or the teeth of the dredging head damaging these structures. Damage to these structures can result in great problems since the thus resulting damage is usually difficult to repair and so can only be repaired with great difficulty and only at high cost.
  • the present invention seeks to provide means for dredging with reduced danger of damage to structures present in the bottom.
  • a dredging device of the above stated type wherein the dredge suction opening of the dredge suction head is provided with smooth edges and comprises a measuring device for measuring the distance between the dredge suction head and the bottom.
  • the measuring device moreover allows the distance between the dredge suction head and the bottom to be visualized for the helmsman of the dredging vessel.
  • the invention likewise relates to a method for dredging the bottom of a basin with a dredge suction head, wherein use is made of a dredge suction head, the suction opening of which is provided with smooth edges.
  • a dredge suction head the suction opening of which is provided with smooth edges.
  • dredge suction heads the teeth loosen the material present on the bottom, whereby this material can be easily suctioned up.
  • the dredging device according to the invention is preferably not provided with teeth to obtain the smooth edges.
  • a suction opening with smooth edges and no teeth less material, or even no material, is expected to be loosened. It is surprising that sufficient bottom material can nevertheless be dredged using the dredge suction head.
  • the surface area of the dredge suction opening of the dredge suction head In order to enable dredging with a sufficient flow rate of dredged material, it is attractive for the surface area of the dredge suction opening of the dredge suction head to be relatively small in relation to the periphery of the dredge suction opening. A good dredging efficiency is achieved by making use of such an embodiment, among other reasons because of the thus increased suction pressure. In most types of ground sufficient material is hereby dislodged from the bottom.
  • the ratio of the surface area of the dredge suction opening to the periphery thereof lies between 0.02 m and 0.5 m, more preferably between 0.03 m and 0.25 m and most preferably between 0.05 m and 0.10 m.
  • the dredge suction opening takes an elongate form, it preferably has a width of 0.5 m to 10 m, and a height of 0.05 m to 1 m. Other dimensions are however
  • a further preferred embodiment proposes that the longitudinal direction of the dredge suction opening extends substantially transversely of the direction of movement.
  • a further embodiment yielding smooth edges proposes that a structure with a rounded cross-section is arranged extending at least partially around the suction opening. The rounded cross-section is after all less likely to catch on a cable or conduit.
  • the known dredge suction head is dragged through the bottom, wherein the material on the bottom is dislodged by the teeth of the dredge suction head. In the invention these teeth are no longer present, so that it is the expectation that less material is removed from the bottom.
  • the dredging head is provided with water jet nozzles for generating water jets directed substantially transversely of the plane of the dredge suction opening.
  • the water jet nozzles serve here to dislodge the material from the bottom.
  • the danger of damaging the structures present in the bottom is negligible here because the water jet nozzles are situated at a distance from the bottom during use and because of the relatively limited operational range of the water jet nozzles.
  • the water jet nozzles In order to optimize the effectiveness of the water jet nozzles it is attractive for the water jet nozzles to comprise a directional component directed toward the dredge suction opening. Material is thus dislodged here at the location where it is suctioned away.
  • the water jet nozzles are preferably placed on a tube extending in the longitudinal direction of the suction opening.
  • the dredge suction head suctioning itself fixedly to the bottom may be an incidental occurrence.
  • a further embodiment proposes that in at least one of the walls of the dredge suction head an opening is arranged in which is placed a water valve controllable by a valve control device, and that the valve control device is adapted to keep the valve closed and to open the valve when a determined difference between the surrounding water pressure and the pressure prevailing inside the dredge suction head is exceeded.
  • This embodiment also proposes a method wherein the pressure prevailing in the dredge suction head is determined during dredging and, in the case of deviations from an adjustable pressure range, a valve arranged in one of the walls of the dredge suction head is opened, preferably manually. This avoids damage being caused, for instance to the dredge pump, by the increased underpressure in the dredge suction head and suction conduit.
  • a particularly effective dredging device is characterized in that the valve control device comprises a spring which is adapted to keep the valve closed and which, when a determined difference between the surrounding water pressure and the pressure prevailing inside the dredge suction head is exceeded, deforms such that the valve opens.
  • the valve with a spring as valve control device is adapted to rest in closed position against the inner side of a valve seat enclosing the opening.
  • the dredging device comprises a control device adapted to control the support means for the purpose of holding the dredge suction head at an, if desired predetermined, distance from the bottom of the basin for dredging.
  • This measure makes it possible to hold the dredge suction head, and thereby the suction opening arranged therein, at a distance from the bottom for dredging.
  • This not only prevents the suction opening suctioning itself fixedly to the bottom, the dredging process is moreover kept more constant because a water flow can be maintained at all times through the dredging device.
  • the same embodiment results in a method of the above stated type, wherein during dredging the dredge suction head is held as much as possible at a distance from the bottom of the basin for dredging.
  • a preferred embodiment of the dredging device has the feature that the control device comprises a swell compensating device adapted to hold the support means at a predetermined tension.
  • the support means preferably comprise one or more cables from which the suction conduit (and therefore also the dredge suction head) is suspended.
  • the swell compensating device measures the tension in the cable(s) and then adjusts the length of the cable(s) such that the tension remains substantially constant or varies within determined limits.
  • the constant (desired) tension in the cable(s) is set such that it equals the underwater weight of the dredge suction head and attachments. Should the dredging head make incidental contact with the bottom, the tension in the cable(s) will then decrease quickly.
  • the swell compensating device reacts to this decrease by tightening the cable(s), whereby the suction conduit (and the dredge suction head) is moved in the direction of the water surface and the dredge suction head, and in particular the dredge suction opening, still hardly rests on the bottom and pressure on the bottom is minimal.
  • control device is coupled to a measuring device for measuring the distance between the dredge suction head and the bottom, and the control device is adapted to control the suction head support means subject to the distance between the dredge suction head and the bottom.
  • a further option for maintaining this distance comprises the measure that the control device is coupled to a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure prevailing in the dredge suction head, and that the control device is adapted to control suction head support means subject to the pressure prevailing in the dredge suction head.
  • a smaller distance between the suction opening and the bottom will after all result in a lower flow rate, and thereby in a greater pressure difference between the surrounding pressure and the pressure prevailing inside the dredge suction head.
  • This option can be used instead of the above-mentioned measure of measuring the distance, but also as addition to this measure.
  • the dredge suction head is provided with one or more spacers.
  • spacers comprise for instance wide wheels arranged on both sides of the dredge suction head.
  • the underside of the wheels (or the spacer in general) is situated a certain distance, for instance 10 cm, below the underside of the dredge suction head.
  • the wheels make contact with the bottom without the dredge suction head coming into contact with the bottom. Owing to the form of the wheels (a relatively large contact surface with the bottom), and the spacer(s) in general, they will not sink into the bottom, or do so only slightly.
  • Another possibility comprises a carriage and/or round tube mounted on the dredge suction head. It will be apparent that other embodiments of spacers can be applied within the scope of the present invention.
  • the dredge suction head is held a determined distance from the bottom during dredging.
  • a preferred distance here is less than 1 m, more preferably less than 0.6 m, still more preferably less than 0.45 m and most preferably less than 0.25 m.
  • a material is brought up by dredging which oxidizes in the air and thereby acquires environmentally undesirable properties.
  • a preferred embodiment provides the measure that the outlet connection of the dredge pump is connected to a pressure conduit, the end of which debouches under the water surface. This embodiment also provides a method wherein the material brought up by dredging is discharged under the water surface.
  • Figure 1 shows a dredging vessel 1 which is provided with a motor, not shown in the drawing, for driving a propeller 2 via a propeller shaft for the purpose of propelling dredging vessel 1. Also present are devices, not shown in the drawings, for steering dredging vessel 1, such as a rudder and transversely placed propellers for facilitating manoeuvring.
  • a dredge pump is arranged in dredging vessel 1.
  • a dredge suction conduit 3 Arranged against a side wall of the dredging vessel is a dredge suction conduit 3, one end of which is connected to the suction connection of the dredge pump.
  • the dredge suction conduit 3 comprises two members 3a and 3b which are connected to each other by means of a coupling allowing some relative angular displacement.
  • the connection between upper member 3a of dredge suction conduit 3 and the vessel also allows angular displacement in the vertical plane and about the axis.
  • this member For support of the movable end of upper member 3a of dredge suction conduit 3 this member is connected to a cable 4a, the other end of which is connected to a winch 5a.
  • this member For support of the movable end of lower member 3b of dredge suction conduit 3 this member is likewise connected to a cable 4b, the other end of which is connected to a winch 5b. It is thus possible using winches 5a, 5b to vary the height of dredge suction conduit 3. It will be apparent that, also subj ect to the depth of the basin for dredging, the number of members of dredge suction conduit 3 can be increased or decreased, with a corresponding adjustment of the number of cables 4 and winches 5.
  • a dredge suction head 6 is arranged on the free end of the second member 3b of dredge suction conduit 3.
  • Figure 2 shows a bracket plate which is attached to the second member 3b of the dredge suction conduit and to which cable 4b is attached.
  • This figure also shows a curved piece of pipe 8 placed between the second member 3b of the dredge suction conduit 3 and dredge suction head 6 for the purpose of determining the angular position of dredge suction head 6. It will be apparent that the curvature of pipe piece 8 can be adjusted subject to the dimensioning of dredge suction conduit 3 and the depth of the bottom for dredging.
  • the dredge suction head 6 comprises a round flange 10 adapted for connection to the curved pipe piece 8 or to the terminal member 3b of suction conduit 3.
  • flange 10 Connected by welding to flange 10 are plates 11, at least a part of which is connected to an upper plate 12, to a lower plate 13 and to two side plates 14, 15 respectively.
  • the upper, lower and side plates 12, 13, 14 and 15 are positioned and connected to each other in a trapezium-shaped structure. Plates 11 serve for the purpose of forming a smooth transition between flange 10 and the rectangular structure of the dredging head.
  • a round tube 16 is arranged around suction opening 17 (formed by the outer ends of plates 12, 13, 14 and 15), wherein tubes 16 together form a rectangular structure enclosing an opening forming the dredge suction opening 17.
  • the round shape of tubes 16 prevents catching on cables or conduits present in the bottom.
  • a number of strengthening rib plates 18 and 19 are also arranged on the outer side of plates 12-15. The form of plates 12-15 is chosen for the purpose of obtaining an elongate dredge suction opening 17.
  • a series of nozzles 20 Arranged as shown in figures 3-5 in one of the tubes 16 is a series of nozzles 20 which are adapted to generate water jets directed toward the bottom. These water jets serve to dislodge material to be dredged from the bottom.
  • the interiors of each of the tubes 16 are connected to each other.
  • a water jet tube 21 extending with its axis substantially parallel to the axis of dredge suction head 6 is connected to tubes 16, wherein the interior of water jet tube 21 connects to the interior of tubes 16.
  • a pump 22 Arranged on the free end of the water jet tube is a pump 22 for generating a flow in the water jet tube, and thereby water jets flowing from nozzles 20.
  • a round opening 25 in which a water valve 26 is placed is arranged.
  • Valve 26 normally rests against a valve seat, not shown in the drawing, arranged in opening 25, so that the opening is normally closed.
  • Valve 25 is arranged on the outer side of the valve seat so that in normal operating conditions, wherein the pressure prevailing inside dredge suction head 6 is lower than the pressure in the surrounding area, the pressure difference presses valve 25 onto the valve seat.
  • a mechanism is arranged for causing valve 25 to open when the pressure difference exceeds predetermine values or when there are other reasons for opening valve 25.
  • dredge suction head 6 with a camera (not shown) pointed in the direction of movement, the images from which are viewed on the dredging vessel by a person, for instance by visualizing the images or measurement values on a computer screen. It is also possible to fulfil this function electronically when means are used to process images.
  • dredge suction head 6 is held during sailing at a distance from the bottom of the basin for dredging.
  • Use is made in the present embodiment of the camera images which record the distance between the bottom and the underside of dredge suction head 6.
  • the height position of dredge suction head 6 is changed by means of winches 5a and 5b.
  • Winches 5a and 5b are for instance operated by a crew member or can be controlled in other manner. It will be apparent that other methods of controlling the height are not precluded and that the above elucidated controls can be combined with each other.
  • the water jets flowing out of nozzles 20 also ensure that material is dislodged from the bottom irrespective of the distance between the bottom and the underside of dredge suction head 6.
  • valve 26 In order to move clear of such an undesirable situation without stopping the dredge suction pump, use is preferably made of valve 26.
  • the mechanism, not shown in the drawings, for opening the valve is adapted to open valve 25 in the case of an excessive pressure difference between the surrounding pressure and the pressure prevailing inside dredge suction head 6, whereby the pressure difference is equalized and dredge suction head 6 can be moved away from the bottom.
  • a possible mechanism comprises a spring.
  • the dredged material is preferably discharged under the water surface in order to prevent oxidation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
EP11182998.2A 2010-09-28 2011-09-27 Dispositif et procédé de dragage sans endommager les structures présentes sur le fond à draguer Active EP2434061B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2010/0576A BE1019522A4 (nl) 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 Baggerinrichting en werkwijze voor het baggeren zonder beschadiging van in de te baggeren bodem aanwezige structuren.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2434061A1 true EP2434061A1 (fr) 2012-03-28
EP2434061B1 EP2434061B1 (fr) 2020-06-24

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EP11182998.2A Active EP2434061B1 (fr) 2010-09-28 2011-09-27 Dispositif et procédé de dragage sans endommager les structures présentes sur le fond à draguer

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EP (1) EP2434061B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE1019522A4 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104532894A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-22 河南黄河水工机械有限公司 一种清淤环形喷水头
DE102017119981A1 (de) * 2017-08-31 2019-02-28 Gmb Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Ablagerungen vom Grund eines Gewässers

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2252803A (en) * 1937-08-02 1941-08-19 Durepaire Pierre Jet digger suction head
DE968932C (de) * 1947-09-19 1958-04-10 Karl Wildi Hydraulische Strahleinrichtung zum Abbau und zur Foerderung von Mineralien, Sanden, Kiesen, Schlaemmen usw.
GB908529A (en) * 1959-11-04 1962-10-17 Atlas Werke Ag Improvements in and relating to echo-sounding devices
FR1310635A (fr) * 1961-10-17 1962-11-30 Bertin & Cie Dispositif à trompe utilisable pour l'enlèvement de fluides chargés
DE2448308A1 (de) * 1973-10-15 1975-04-17 Bos Kalis Westminster Schwimmsaugbagger
EP0047803A1 (fr) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Dosbouw v.o.f. Procédé et dispositif à drague suceuse pour aspirer des matières draguées
DE4405451A1 (de) * 1994-02-21 1995-08-31 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Absaugen von Gewässergrund
US5970635A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-10-26 Wilmoth; Daryl Jet agitation dredging system
US6966132B1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2005-11-22 Gto Subsea As Method and device for moving subsea rocks and sediments

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2252803A (en) * 1937-08-02 1941-08-19 Durepaire Pierre Jet digger suction head
DE968932C (de) * 1947-09-19 1958-04-10 Karl Wildi Hydraulische Strahleinrichtung zum Abbau und zur Foerderung von Mineralien, Sanden, Kiesen, Schlaemmen usw.
GB908529A (en) * 1959-11-04 1962-10-17 Atlas Werke Ag Improvements in and relating to echo-sounding devices
FR1310635A (fr) * 1961-10-17 1962-11-30 Bertin & Cie Dispositif à trompe utilisable pour l'enlèvement de fluides chargés
DE2448308A1 (de) * 1973-10-15 1975-04-17 Bos Kalis Westminster Schwimmsaugbagger
EP0047803A1 (fr) * 1980-09-12 1982-03-24 Dosbouw v.o.f. Procédé et dispositif à drague suceuse pour aspirer des matières draguées
DE4405451A1 (de) * 1994-02-21 1995-08-31 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Absaugen von Gewässergrund
US5970635A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-10-26 Wilmoth; Daryl Jet agitation dredging system
US6966132B1 (en) * 1999-11-03 2005-11-22 Gto Subsea As Method and device for moving subsea rocks and sediments

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104532894A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-04-22 河南黄河水工机械有限公司 一种清淤环形喷水头
DE102017119981A1 (de) * 2017-08-31 2019-02-28 Gmb Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Ablagerungen vom Grund eines Gewässers
DE102017119981B4 (de) * 2017-08-31 2020-07-30 Gmb Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen von Ablagerungen vom Grund eines Gewässers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2434061B1 (fr) 2020-06-24
BE1019522A4 (nl) 2012-08-07

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