EP2430316B1 - Compressor with a dummy piston - Google Patents

Compressor with a dummy piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2430316B1
EP2430316B1 EP10720882.9A EP10720882A EP2430316B1 EP 2430316 B1 EP2430316 B1 EP 2430316B1 EP 10720882 A EP10720882 A EP 10720882A EP 2430316 B1 EP2430316 B1 EP 2430316B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
liquid
compressor
dummy
compressor according
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Active
Application number
EP10720882.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2430316A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Adler
Helmut Mayer
Markus Mayer
Georg Siebert
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F1/00—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/06—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
    • F04F1/14—Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped adapted to pump specific liquids, e.g. corrosive or hot liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressor, comprising a liquid or liquid column which can be displaced in the piston chamber and acts as a piston.
  • the liquid used in such compressors is preferably an ionic liquid, since, on the one hand, it does not dissolve in the medium to be compressed and, on the other hand, it can be separated without residue from the medium to be compressed.
  • other liquids may also be used, for example heavy-boiling hydraulic oils, vacuum oils or other low-boiling liquids with a low medium solution.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic compressor, wherein the cooling performance or effect, in particular in the region of top dead center improves and thereby the efficiency of the compressor can be increased.
  • a generic compressor comprising a displaceable in the piston chamber, acting as a piston liquid, proposed, which is characterized in that a displaceable with her piston dummy is arranged in the liquid.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show a lateral, not to scale sectional view through a possible embodiment of the compressor according to the invention, wherein the FIG. 1 the situation at the beginning of a compression stroke, the FIG. 2 the situation at the end of a compression stroke and the FIG. 3 shows the situation during the intake stroke.
  • the compressor according to the invention has a piston 1, which defines a cylinder or piston chamber 2, on. Within the cylinder or piston chamber 2 is a liquid column forming a liquid 3, which is preferably an ionic liquid disposed.
  • a liquid column forming a liquid 3, which is preferably an ionic liquid disposed.
  • a hydraulic piston 4 By means of appropriate measures - in the FIGS. 1 to 3 represented by a hydraulic piston 4 - the liquid column 3 is moved up and down within the cylinder or piston chamber 2.
  • At least one intake valve 6 and at least one pressure valve 7 are also provided on the cylinder head.
  • a one-piece or multi-piece piston dummy 5 is now arranged inside the liquid 3.
  • This piston dummy 5 is surrounded by the liquid 3 so that possibly provided seals of the hydraulic piston 4 are in contact with the fluid 3 at all times.
  • the piston dummy 5 advantageously has at least approximately the shape of the cylinder or piston chamber 2.
  • the cylinder or piston chamber 2 preferably has a flow and / or cooling technically optimized inner contour.
  • the aforementioned suction 6 and pressure valves 7 are arranged in an advantageous manner such that they support the cooling process.
  • the underside of the piston dumbbell 5 is preferably designed such that the liquid 3 is held or accelerated in the area of the piston dummy underside.
  • the uppermost layer of the liquid 3 remains on the piston dummy 5. This effect occurs in particular with ionic liquids, since the accelerated amount of liquid can no longer dip into the liquid surface. However, this behavior is desirable because in the subsequent compression stroke exactly this (hot) amount of liquid via the pressure valve 7 from the piston 1 and cylinder or piston chamber 2 is discharged.
  • the shape of the piston dumbbell 5 is determined substantially by the shape of the cylinder or piston interior 2 in its upper region. Basically, however, a variety of different piston dummy forms can be realized in practice.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verdichter, aufweisend eine in dem Kolbenraum verschiebbare, als Kolben fungierende Flüssigkeit bzw. Flüssigkeitssäule.The invention relates to a compressor, comprising a liquid or liquid column which can be displaced in the piston chamber and acts as a piston.

Gattungsgemäße Verdichter, die der Verdichtung von gasförmigen Medien, wie beispielsweise Wasserstoff und Erdgas, bis zu Drücken von 1000 bar dienen, werden auch als kolbenloser Verdichter bezeichnet, da innerhalb des Kolbenraumes bzw. Zylinders kein herkömmlicher Kolben, sondern eine Flüssigkeit bzw. Flüssigkeitssäule verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Ein derartiger Verdichter ist beispielsweise aus der deutschen Patentanmeldung 102004046316 bekannt.Generic compressors that serve the compression of gaseous media such as hydrogen and natural gas, up to pressures of 1000 bar, are also referred to as a piston-free compressor, as disposed within the piston chamber or cylinder no conventional piston, but a liquid or liquid column slidably is. Such a compressor is for example from the German patent application 102004046316 known.

Die in derartigen Verdichtern verwendete Flüssigkeit ist vorzugsweise eine ionische Flüssigkeit, da sich diese zum einen in dem zu verdichtenden Medium nicht löst und zum anderen von dem zu verdichtenden Medium rückstandsfrei abgetrennt werden kann. Grundsätzlich können jedoch auch andere Flüssigkeiten zur Anwendung kommen, beispielsweise schwer siedende Hydrauliköle, Vakuumöle oder andere schwer siedende Flüssigkeiten mit niedriger Mediumslösung.The liquid used in such compressors is preferably an ionic liquid, since, on the one hand, it does not dissolve in the medium to be compressed and, on the other hand, it can be separated without residue from the medium to be compressed. In principle, however, other liquids may also be used, for example heavy-boiling hydraulic oils, vacuum oils or other low-boiling liquids with a low medium solution.

Die Kühlung gattungsgemäßer Verdichter erfolgt bisher durch die verwendete Hydraulikflüssigkeit selbst. Sollte durch sie keine ausreichende Kühlwirkung erreicht werden können, wird im Regelfall zusätzlich eine Außenkühlung, beispielsweise in Form eines Kühlmantels, realisiert.The cooling of generic compressor is done so far by the hydraulic fluid used itself. Should it not be able to achieve a sufficient cooling effect through it, as a rule, an external cooling, for example in the form of a cooling jacket, realized.

Um einen ungewollten Austritt der Flüssigkeit mit dem verdichteten Medium über das Druckventil und/oder eine möglichst gute Totraumoptimierung gewährleisten zu können, wird bisher danach getrachtet, die Oberfläche der Flüssigkeit möglichst glatt zu halten. Dadurch werden jedoch der Wärmeübergang und damit die Kühlwirkung auf die Oberflächenberührung reduziert. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der heißeste Teil des Verdichters - dies ist der Bereich des Kolbenraumes, in dem der obere Totpunkt liegt - am wenigsten gekühlt wird. Von Nachteil ist jedoch, dass insbesondere die Hitzeentwicklung im oberen Totpunkt des Verdichters den thermischen Wirkungsgrad des Verdichtungsprozesses verringert.In order to be able to ensure an unwanted escape of the liquid with the compressed medium via the pressure valve and / or the best possible dead space optimization, it has hitherto been sought to keep the surface of the liquid as smooth as possible. As a result, however, the heat transfer and thus the cooling effect are reduced to the surface contact. This has the consequence that the hottest part of the compressor - this is the area of the piston chamber in which the top dead center is located - is the least cooled. The disadvantage, however, is that in particular the heat development at the top dead center of the compressor reduces the thermal efficiency of the compression process.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen gattungsgemäßen Verdichter anzugeben, bei dem die Kühlleistung bzw. -wirkung insbesondere im Bereich des oberen Totpunktes verbessert und dadurch der Wirkungsgrad des Verdichters erhöht werden kann.Object of the present invention is to provide a generic compressor, wherein the cooling performance or effect, in particular in the region of top dead center improves and thereby the efficiency of the compressor can be increased.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein gattungsgemäßer Verdichter, aufweisend eine in dem Kolbenraum verschiebbare, als Kolben fungierende Flüssigkeit, vorgeschlagen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass in der Flüssigkeit ein mit ihr verschiebbarer Kolbendummy angeordnet ist.To solve this problem, a generic compressor, comprising a displaceable in the piston chamber, acting as a piston liquid, proposed, which is characterized in that a displaceable with her piston dummy is arranged in the liquid.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass

  • der Kolbendummy derart ausgebildet ist, dass er bei Erreichen des oberen Totpunktes eine Beschleunigung der Flüssigkeit in dem von ihm und der Kolbenraumwand definierten Ringspalt bewirkt,
  • die Unterseite des Kolbendummys derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Flüssigkeit im Bereich der Kolbendummy-Unterseite gehalten oder beschleunigt wird,
  • der Kolbendummy ein- oder mehrstückig ausgebildet ist und
  • die Flüssigkeit zumindest teilweise eine ionische Flüssigkeit ist.,
Further advantageous embodiments of the compressor according to the invention, which constitute subject matters of the dependent claims, are characterized in that
  • the piston dummy is designed in such a way that when the top dead center is reached it causes an acceleration of the fluid in the annular gap defined by it and the piston chamber wall,
  • the underside of the piston dome is designed such that the liquid is held or accelerated in the region of the piston dummy underside,
  • the piston dummy one or more pieces is formed and
  • the liquid is at least partially an ionic liquid.

Der erfindungsgemäße Verdichter sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen desselben seien nachfolgend anhand des in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The compressor according to the invention and further advantageous embodiments thereof are described below with reference to the in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen eine seitliche, nicht maßstabsgerechte Schnittdarstellung durch eine mögliche Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters, wobei die Figur 1 die Situation zu Beginn eines Verdichtungstaktes, die Figur 2 die Situation am Ende eines Verdichtungstaktes und die Figur 3 die Situation während des Ansaugtaktes zeigt.The FIGS. 1 to 3 show a lateral, not to scale sectional view through a possible embodiment of the compressor according to the invention, wherein the FIG. 1 the situation at the beginning of a compression stroke, the FIG. 2 the situation at the end of a compression stroke and the FIG. 3 shows the situation during the intake stroke.

Der erfindungsgemäße Verdichter weist einen Kolben 1, der einen Zylinder bzw. Kolbenraum 2 definiert, auf. Innerhalb des Zylinders bzw. Kolbenraumes 2 ist eine eine Flüssigkeitssäule bildende Flüssigkeit 3, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um eine ionische Flüssigkeit handelt, angeordnet. Mittels geeigneter Maßnahmen - in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellt durch einen Hydraulikkolben 4 - wird die Flüssigkeitssäule 3 innerhalb des Zylinders bzw. Kolbenraumes 2 auf- und abbewegt. Am Zylinderkopf sind ferner wenigstens ein Ansaugventil 6 sowie wenigstens ein Druckventil 7 vorgesehen.The compressor according to the invention has a piston 1, which defines a cylinder or piston chamber 2, on. Within the cylinder or piston chamber 2 is a liquid column forming a liquid 3, which is preferably an ionic liquid disposed. By means of appropriate measures - in the FIGS. 1 to 3 represented by a hydraulic piston 4 - the liquid column 3 is moved up and down within the cylinder or piston chamber 2. At least one intake valve 6 and at least one pressure valve 7 are also provided on the cylinder head.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nun innerhalb der Flüssigkeit 3 ein ein- oder mehrstückig ausgebildeter Kolbendummy 5 angeordnet. Dieser Kolbendummy 5 wird von der Flüssigkeit 3 umspült, so dass ggf. vorzusehende Dichtungen des Hydraulikkolbens 4 zu jeder Zeit mit der Flüssigkeit 3 in Berührung sind. Der Kolbendummy 5 weist in vorteilhafter Weise zumindest annähernd die Form des Zylinders bzw. Kolbenraumes 2 auf. Der Zylinder bzw. Kolbenraum 2 besitzt vorzugsweise eine strömungs- und/oder kühltechnisch optimierte Innenkontur. Auch die vorgenannten Saug- 6 und Druckventile 7 sind in vorteilhafter Weise derart angeordnet, dass sie den Kühlprozess unterstützen. Des Weiteren ist die Unterseite des Kolbendummys 5 vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass die Flüssigkeit 3 im Bereich der Kolbendummy-Unterseite gehalten oder beschleunigt wird.According to the invention, a one-piece or multi-piece piston dummy 5 is now arranged inside the liquid 3. This piston dummy 5 is surrounded by the liquid 3 so that possibly provided seals of the hydraulic piston 4 are in contact with the fluid 3 at all times. The piston dummy 5 advantageously has at least approximately the shape of the cylinder or piston chamber 2. The cylinder or piston chamber 2 preferably has a flow and / or cooling technically optimized inner contour. Also, the aforementioned suction 6 and pressure valves 7 are arranged in an advantageous manner such that they support the cooling process. Furthermore, the underside of the piston dumbbell 5 is preferably designed such that the liquid 3 is held or accelerated in the area of the piston dummy underside.

Während eines Verdichtungstaktes, wie er in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt ist, wird die Flüssigkeit 3 gemeinsam mit dem Kolbendummy 5 nach oben bewegt. Da die Kontur des Kolbendummys 5 dem Kopfbereich des Kolbeninnenraumes angepasst ist, wird bei der Annäherung des Kolbendummys 5 an den oberen Totpunkt eine Beschleunigung der Flüssigkeit 3 in dem von dem Kolbendummy 5 und der Kolbenraumwand definierten Ringspalt 8 erreicht. Diese Beschleunigung der Flüssigkeit 3 hat zur Folge, dass die Flüssigkeit 3 länger als bei den zum Stand der Technik zählenden Verdichterkonstruktionen mit dem zu kühlenden Zylinderkopf in Berührung kommt. Aufgrund der Beschleunigung der Flüssigkeit 3 im Ringspalt 8 kommt es zudem zur Ausbildung einer turbulenten Strömung in der Flüssigkeit 3, die eine zusätzliche Kühlwirkung zur Folge hat.During a compression stroke, as in the Figures 1 and 2 is shown, the liquid 3 is moved together with the piston dummy 5 upwards. Since the contour of the piston dummies 5 is adapted to the head area of the piston interior, an acceleration of the liquid 3 in the annular gap 8 defined by the piston dummy 5 and the piston chamber wall is achieved when the piston dumbbell 5 approaches the top dead center. This acceleration of the liquid 3 has the consequence that the liquid 3 comes into contact with the cylinder head to be cooled longer than in the prior art compressor designs. Due to the acceleration of the liquid 3 in the annular gap 8, there is also the formation of a turbulent flow in the liquid 3, which has an additional cooling effect.

Im Regelfall wird bei Erreichen des oberen Totpunktes ein Teil der Flüssigkeit 3 gemeinsam mit dem verdichteten Medium über das Druckventil 7 aus dem Zylinder bzw. Kolbenraum 2 gefördert. Dabei handelt es sich um die oberste und damit heißeste Schicht der Flüssigkeitssäule.As a rule, when the top dead center is reached, a portion of the liquid 3 together with the compressed medium via the pressure valve 7 from the cylinder or piston chamber 2 promoted. It is the highest and therefore hottest layer of the liquid column.

Nach dem Schließen des Druckventils 7 und zu Beginn der Abwärtsbewegung der Flüssigkeitssäule 3 sowie des Kolbendummys 5 schießt der in dem oberen Bereich des Kolbenraumes 2 verbleibende Rest der beschleunigten Flüssigkeit erneut am oberen Teil des Zylinderkopfes vorbei, woraus eine zusätzliche Erhöhung der gewünschten Kühlwirkung resultiert.After closing the pressure valve 7 and at the beginning of the downward movement of the liquid column 3 and the piston dumbbell 5 remaining in the upper region of the piston chamber 2 rest of the accelerated liquid again shoots past the upper part of the cylinder head, resulting in an additional increase in the desired cooling effect.

Im Falle einer günstigen Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäß vorzusehenden Kolbendummys 5 verbleibt die oberste Schicht der Flüssigkeit 3 auf dem Kolbendummy 5. Dieser Effekt tritt insbesondere bei ionischen Flüssigkeiten auf, da die beschleunigte Flüssigkeitsmenge nicht mehr in die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche eintauchen kann. Dieses Verhalten ist jedoch gewünscht, da beim darauf folgenden Verdichtungshub genau diese (heiße) Flüssigkeitsmenge über das Druckventil 7 aus dem Kolben 1 bzw. Zylinder bzw. Kolbenraum 2 abgeführt wird.In the case of a favorable embodiment of the piston dummies 5 to be provided according to the invention, the uppermost layer of the liquid 3 remains on the piston dummy 5. This effect occurs in particular with ionic liquids, since the accelerated amount of liquid can no longer dip into the liquid surface. However, this behavior is desirable because in the subsequent compression stroke exactly this (hot) amount of liquid via the pressure valve 7 from the piston 1 and cylinder or piston chamber 2 is discharged.

Es ist offensichtlich dass die Form des Kolbendummys 5 im Wesentlichen von der Form des Zylinders bzw. Kolbeninnenraumes 2 in seinem oberen Bereich bestimmt wird. Grundsätzlich ist jedoch in der Praxis eine Vielzahl unterschiedlichster Kolbendummyformen realisierbar.It is obvious that the shape of the piston dumbbell 5 is determined substantially by the shape of the cylinder or piston interior 2 in its upper region. Basically, however, a variety of different piston dummy forms can be realized in practice.

Mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichterkonzeptes wird eine bessere Kühlung des Kolben- bzw. Zylinderkopfes, insbesondere im Bereich des oberen Totpunktes, erreicht. Dies hat eine Verringerung der Verdichtungstemperatur und damit der benötigten Verdichtungsenergie zur Folge. Somit erhöht sich der Wirkungsgrad des erfindungsgemäßen Verdichters im Vergleich zu einem ansonsten identischen Verdichter, bei dem auf den erfindungsgemäß vorzusehenden Kolbendummy verzichtet wird.By means of the compressor concept according to the invention, a better cooling of the piston or cylinder head, in particular in the region of top dead center, is achieved. This results in a reduction of the compression temperature and thus the required compaction energy result. Thus, the efficiency of the compressor according to the invention increases in comparison to an otherwise identical compressor, which dispenses with the present invention to be provided piston dummy.

Claims (5)

  1. Compressor, having a liquid which is displaceable in the piston space and functions as a piston, characterized in that a dummy piston (5) which is displaceable by the liquid (3) is arranged in the latter.
  2. Compressor according to Claim 1, characterized in that the dummy piston (5) is designed in such a way that, when top dead centre is reached, it causes an acceleration of the liquid (3) in the annular gap defined by the said dummy piston and by the piston-space wall.
  3. Compressor according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the underside of the dummy piston (5) is designed in such a way that the liquid (3) is held or accelerated in the region of the dummy-piston underside.
  4. Compressor according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dummy piston (5) is of one-piece or multi-piece form.
  5. Compressor according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the liquid (3) is at least partially an ionic liquid.
EP10720882.9A 2009-05-12 2010-05-04 Compressor with a dummy piston Active EP2430316B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009020925A DE102009020925A1 (en) 2009-05-12 2009-05-12 Compressor with piston dummy
PCT/EP2010/002735 WO2010130356A1 (en) 2009-05-12 2010-05-04 Compressor comprising a piston dummy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2430316A1 EP2430316A1 (en) 2012-03-21
EP2430316B1 true EP2430316B1 (en) 2014-01-22

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EP10720882.9A Active EP2430316B1 (en) 2009-05-12 2010-05-04 Compressor with a dummy piston

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US20120134851A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2430316B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5586690B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101719532B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102422028B (en)
CA (1) CA2761615C (en)
DE (1) DE102009020925A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010130356A1 (en)

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DE102012016222A1 (en) 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Technische Universität Dresden Cylinder-, piston- and valveless, continuously working fluid working machine for e.g. dosing liquid in chemical system during plastic production, has blocking region, where portions of liquids slide from region side to region opposite side
US10385836B2 (en) * 2015-07-14 2019-08-20 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Reciprocating compressor and hydrogen supply system
ES2743317T3 (en) * 2016-01-18 2020-02-18 Cryostar Sas System for liquefying a gas
TR201815945T4 (en) 2016-01-18 2018-11-21 Cryostar Sas System for supplying compressed gas to a plurality of gas-powered devices.
DE102017007921A1 (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method for operating a compressor and compressor
KR102503493B1 (en) 2021-06-14 2023-02-28 (주)부흥산업사 Compressor Structure Using Ionic Liquid
KR102662208B1 (en) 2022-03-25 2024-05-03 (주)부흥산업사 Piston Ring Manufacturing Method Containing Ionic Liquid And Structure Of Compressor Or Vacuum Pump Using The Same

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JP4828371B2 (en) * 2006-10-23 2011-11-30 ボッシュ・レックスロス株式会社 Axial piston pump / motor

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Publication number Publication date
JP2012526940A (en) 2012-11-01
WO2010130356A1 (en) 2010-11-18
DE102009020925A1 (en) 2010-11-18
CA2761615C (en) 2016-10-04
EP2430316A1 (en) 2012-03-21
CN102422028A (en) 2012-04-18
KR20120017068A (en) 2012-02-27
KR101719532B1 (en) 2017-03-24
CN102422028B (en) 2014-12-24
CA2761615A1 (en) 2010-11-18
US20120134851A1 (en) 2012-05-31
JP5586690B2 (en) 2014-09-10

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