EP2428967A1 - Transformer coil - Google Patents
Transformer coil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2428967A1 EP2428967A1 EP10175699A EP10175699A EP2428967A1 EP 2428967 A1 EP2428967 A1 EP 2428967A1 EP 10175699 A EP10175699 A EP 10175699A EP 10175699 A EP10175699 A EP 10175699A EP 2428967 A1 EP2428967 A1 EP 2428967A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- winding
- transformer
- cooling channel
- electrical
- screen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/085—Cooling by ambient air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/288—Shielding
- H01F27/2885—Shielding with shields or electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a transformer winding, with at least two hollow cylindrical nested around a common winding axis extending electrically connected in series multi-layer winding modules and at least one cooling channel, which is arranged along the same winding axis hollow cylindrical between the winding modules.
- power transformers for example, with a rated power of a few MVA and in a voltage range of, for example, 5kV to 30kV or 110kV, sometimes even up to 170kV, are also designed as dry-type transformers, wherein in the latter voltage range well rated power of 50MVA and are possible about it.
- a loss of heat arises in its electrical windings, which is dissipated to the environment. Therefore, for cooling purposes of such a dry transformer usually at least one guided along the axial extent of the winding cooling channel is pronounced to lead out the heat loss preferably by means of natural air cooling from the winding interior.
- the usually radially inwardly located lower voltage winding is divided into a plurality of radially spaced and electrically connected in series hollow cylindrical winding segments, between which a likewise hollow cylindrical cooling channel is arranged.
- This effect is particularly important in the case of a surge voltage load of the winding, that is to say in the case of an incoming voltage pulse from outside to the terminals of the winding, for example with a rise time in the ⁇ s range. Due to the high-frequency fundamental portion of such a voltage pulse, the voltage along the individual turns of the winding distributed according to their respective capacity. Since the capacity is now distributed unevenly due to the introduction of the cooling channel, there is also a disadvantageous uneven stress on the conductor, which is usually designed over its entire length for the same voltage stress.
- a transformer winding of the aforementioned type is characterized in that within the at least one cooling channel at least in sections along its radial circumference is provided over approximately the entire axial length extending planar electric screen, through which the electrical capacitance distribution in the electrical series-connected transformer winding is influenced.
- the basic idea of the invention is to provide the hollow-cylindrical interior of the at least one cooling channel, which generally extends over the entire axial length of the transformer winding, with a respective inner, electrically conductive screen, so that, on the one hand, the capacitive properties of others Windings, which would be provided there without the presence of a cooling channel, are approximately at least partially replicated.
- the respective screen is to be designed in such a way that the cooling function of the cooling channel is not adversely affected, or in the ideal case even improved.
- This is achieved by a preferably flat, plate-like configuration of the respective screen, which is arranged along the axial extent of the cooling channel.
- An example of this is a metal sheet which, for example, rolled in a cylindrical shape, is to be provided in the cooling channel.
- a respective breakthrough to allow there the required spacing of the two radially adjacent winding modules, for example by webs or blocks.
- a cylindrical shell-like segmentation of a screen is conceivable.
- the at least one cooling channel has a radially inner and a radially outer wall, through which a channel cavity is enclosed, wherein at least one of the two wall facing the cavity side, an electrical screen is arranged.
- Such the channel cavity enclosing walls are on the one hand not unusual in the design of a cooling channel, even if no additional electrical screens are provided in this.
- a cooling channel can be produced by nesting two pieces of pipe from an insulating material with additional radial spacing in an advantageously simple manner.
- a respective electrical screen must accordingly be provided without problems on at least one of the two sides facing the inner cooling channel.
- a sheet-like screen and the painting of the respective wall side with a conductive paint material is conceivable.
- a further arrangement of a screen - for example, in the radial center of the cooling channel - advantageous to achieve a homogeneous distribution of capacity.
- Such a centrally mounted screen also advantageously increases the interaction surface with the cooling medium flowing through the cooling channel air and the cooling effect is thereby improved.
- the at least one electrical shield is galvanically connected to a radially adjacent winding layer. This has a positive effect on the potential distribution in the event of an impulse voltage load but also on the voltage stress of the conductors in steady-state operation at mains frequency, depending on the further configuration of the winding.
- the at least one electrical shield is arranged parallel to the winding axis.
- the potential distribution along the axial length of the winding in each winding position is constant, therefore, also the orientation of the electric screen oriented parallel to the winding axis and oriented towards an expected potential distribution in the case of a surge stress situation must be selected.
- This also proves to be the least influencing thedemittehne thanks through the cooling channel arrangement variant.
- the at least one electric screen is arranged obliquely to the winding axis corresponding to an expected electric potential distribution.
- a voltage gradient is present along the axial extent of the transformer winding, which is then taken into account by a corresponding oblique arrangement of the screen.
- this is to be designed such that the air flow through the cooling channel is influenced as little as possible.
- a plurality of axially adjacent winding modules with a cooling channel and a planar electric screen are provided.
- axial segmentation is the assembly - in particular of larger windings of, for example 10MVA power and higher, much easier.
- the cooling channels are usually designed such that they are guided along the common axial extent of all axially adjacent winding modules.
- two galvanically isolated windings are provided for each different nominal voltages. This is the case, for example, when a low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding are arranged on the same bobbin.
- the low-voltage winding for example, for a rated voltage of 10kV, arranged radially inward
- the high-voltage winding for example, for a rated voltage of 30kV, radially outward.
- Each of these galvanically isolated windings can be constructed according to the invention of winding modules with interposed cooling channels with respective electrical screen.
- the advantages of a transformer winding according to the invention are also apparent for a transformer with transformer core and at least one, but preferably three transformer windings. This allows use in a three-phase power supply network.
- Fig. 1 shows a top view 10 of a first exemplary transformer winding.
- a hollow-cylindrical first winding module 12 Disposed about a common winding axis 18 is a hollow-cylindrical first winding module 12, which comprises, for example, a plurality of layers of a strip conductor wound on one another.
- a radially inner wall 26 and a radially outer wall 28 connects, which are radially spaced apart by spacer blocks 30.
- Between the two insulating walls 26, 28 of the actual cooling channel 16 is formed, which is cooled during operation of the winding, for example, as part of a three-phase transformer by flowing from bottom to top air.
- two cylindrical electrical screens 20, 22 are indicated, which consist for example predominantly of a suitable conductive sheet material. In order to attach the spacer blocks 30 between the walls 26, 28, an at least partial breakdown of the electrical screens 20, 22 is necessary.
- a second winding module 14 connects, which likewise has a plurality of layers of an electrical conductor, which, however, are not indicated in the figure.
- An electrical series connection of the two winding parts is indicated by a series circuit element 24, for example an aluminum profile or a conductor segment guided radially through the cooling channel.
- the heat emitted by the winding modules during operation heat is transmitted through the walls 26, 28 in the cooling channel 16 and also radiates to the electric screens 20, 22 a.
- the air flow through the cooling channel 16 is not adversely affected by the arrangement of the electric screens 20, 22, it is even achieved an improved cooling effect. Namely, the thermal radiation also heats the two electric screens 20, 22, which then form an increased exchange surface for the heat exchange with the cooling air.
- further further cooling channels, which follow radially outside, and further winding modules connected radially on the outside are conceivable.
- Fig. 2 shows a sectional view 40 through a second exemplary transformer winding.
- a third winding module 42 Arranged radially inward around a common winding axis 50 are a third winding module 42 and an axially adjacent fourth winding module 44, for example with a plurality of turns of an insulated copper wire.
- a cooling channel 52 Radially outside, a cooling channel 52 connects, which is guided over the entire axial length of the axially adjacent winding modules 42, 44.
- an electrical screen 54 is arranged radially inward, over the axial length of both winding modules 42, 44, wherein radially in the cooling channel 52 a two-part screen 56, 58 is arranged.
- Both shield parts 56, 58 correspond in their axial extent to the axial extent of winding modules 46, 48 which adjoin each other radially on the outside of the cooling channel 52 and are axially adjacent to each other. All four winding modules 42, 44, 46, 48 are electrically connected in series. Depending on the type of series connection or according to the structural boundary conditions, a division of the radially outer screen into a first 56 and a second 58 screen part may be useful. It is usually assumed that all radially inner winding modules 42, 44 are connected in series and then a series connection with the radially outer winding modules 46, 48 takes place.
- Fig. 3 shows a partial sectional view 60 through a third exemplary transformer winding.
- a common winding axis 62 Arranged around a common winding axis 62 is a radially inwardly lying hollow-cylindrical seventh winding module 64, which is adjoined radially on the outside by a hollow-cylindrical cooling channel 68 and a hollow-cylindrical eighth winding module 68.
- the two winding modules 64, 66 are indicated as a strip conductor winding with a single turn of a strip conductor 70 per winding layer and with several winding layers.
- Indicated inside the cooling channel 68 are two electrical screens 72, 74, which extend parallel to the winding axis 62 and along almost the entire axial length of the winding modules 64, 66.
- the electrical screens 72, 74 are also to be arranged in parallel, wherein both screens 72, 74 are electrically connected to the respective adjacent position of the strip conductor 70 via connecting elements 76.
- the radial gap between the two cooling channel 68 radially surrounding band conductor turns is electrically reduced, whereby an increase in the capacity is reached.
- Fig. 4 shows a partial sectional view 80 through a fourth exemplary transformer winding.
- two hollow-cylindrical winding modules nested one inside the other are arranged around a common winding axis 82, wherein a winding layer now comprises a plurality of adjacent turns 84 or 88 of a round conductor.
- a cooling channel 90 Arranged radially between the winding modules is a cooling channel 90 with two electrical shields 92, 94. Due to the multiple turns per winding layer, no potential distribution is to be expected in the case of a surge voltage load which is constant along the axial extent of the winding modules.
- the electric umbrellas 92, 94 are slightly angled, for example, 1 ° - 10 ° to the winding axis 82, arranged so as to ensure the most homogeneous possible stress distribution.
- the arrangement of winding modules and cooling channels around a common axis of rotation does not necessarily have to be circular, it is possible with regard to transformer legs, which may only be approximately circular, to adapt the shape of the winding accordingly and, if necessary, to approximate a rectangle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Transformatorwicklung, mit wenigstens zwei hohlzylindrisch ineinandergeschachtelten sich um eine gemeinsame Wickelachse erstreckenden elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten mehrlagigen Wicklungsmodulen und mit wenigstens einem Kühlkanal, welcher längs derselben Wickelachse hohlzylindrisch zwischen den Wicklungsmodulen angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a transformer winding, with at least two hollow cylindrical nested around a common winding axis extending electrically connected in series multi-layer winding modules and at least one cooling channel, which is arranged along the same winding axis hollow cylindrical between the winding modules.
Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass Leistungstransformatoren, beispielsweise mit einer Nennleistung von einigen MVA und in einem Spannungsbereich von beispielsweise 5kV bis 30kV oder 110kV, teilweise sogar bis 170kV, auch als Trockentransformatoren ausgeführt werden, wobei in dem zuletzt genannten Spannungsbereich durchaus auch Nennleistungen von 50MVA und darüber möglich sind. Beim Betrieb eines Transformators entsteht in dessen elektrischen Wicklungen eine Verlustwärme, die an die Umgebung abzuführen ist. Daher ist zu Kühlzwecken eines derartigen Trockentransformators zumeist wenigstens ein längs der axialen Erstreckung der Wicklung geführter Kühlkanal ausgeprägt, um die Verlustwärme vorzugsweise mittels natürlicher Luftkühlung aus dem Wicklungsinneren herauszuführen. Um die Kühlwirkung zu vergrößern, ist insbesondere die üblicherweise radial innen liegende Unterspannungswicklung in mehrere radial beabstandete und elektrisch in Reihe geschaltete hohlzylindrische Wicklungssegmente geteilt, zwischen denen ein ebenfalls hohlzylindrischer Kühlkanal angeordnet ist.It is well known that power transformers, for example, with a rated power of a few MVA and in a voltage range of, for example, 5kV to 30kV or 110kV, sometimes even up to 170kV, are also designed as dry-type transformers, wherein in the latter voltage range well rated power of 50MVA and are possible about it. During operation of a transformer, a loss of heat arises in its electrical windings, which is dissipated to the environment. Therefore, for cooling purposes of such a dry transformer usually at least one guided along the axial extent of the winding cooling channel is pronounced to lead out the heat loss preferably by means of natural air cooling from the winding interior. In order to increase the cooling effect, in particular the usually radially inwardly located lower voltage winding is divided into a plurality of radially spaced and electrically connected in series hollow cylindrical winding segments, between which a likewise hollow cylindrical cooling channel is arranged.
Nachteilig hieran ist jedoch, dass die (Streu-) Kapazität der zusammen geschalteten Wicklung nicht mehr annähernd homogen auf die einzelnen Wicklungswindungen verteilt ist, sondern sich vielmehr ein Bereich mit geringer Kapazität im Bereich des Kühlkanals ausprägt. Dies ist insbesondere bei Trockentransformatoren der Fall, weil dort Kühlkanäle mit einer Dicke von einigen Zentimetern üblich sind, wohingegen bei ölgefüllten Transformatoren die Dicke der Kühlkanäle im Millimeterbereich liegt, so dass die kapazitive Änderung der Wicklung entsprechend gering ausfällt.The disadvantage of this, however, is that the (stray) capacitance of the interconnected winding is no longer distributed approximately homogeneously to the individual winding turns, but rather an area with low capacitance in the region of the cooling channel pronounced. This is particularly the case with dry-type transformers, because cooling ducts with a thickness of a few centimeters are customary there, whereas with oil-filled transformers, the thickness of the cooling ducts is in the millimeter range, so that the capacitive change of the winding is correspondingly low.
Dieser Effekt ist insbesondere bei einer Stossspannungsbelastung der Wicklung von Bedeutung, also bei einem von außen an die Anschlüsse der Wicklung einlaufenden Spannungsimpuls, beispielsweise mit einer Anstiegszeit im µs Bereich. Aufgrund des hochfrequenten Grundanteils eines derartigen Spannungsimpulses verteilt sich die Spannung längs der einzelnen Windungen der Wicklung entsprechend deren jeweiliger Kapazität. Da die Kapazität aufgrund der Einbringung des Kühlkanals nunmehr ungleichmäßig verteilt ist, ergibt sich auch eine nachteilige ungleichmäßige Spannungsbeanspruchung des Leiters, der üblicherweise über seine gesamte Länge für dieselbe Spannungsbeanspruchung ausgelegt ist.This effect is particularly important in the case of a surge voltage load of the winding, that is to say in the case of an incoming voltage pulse from outside to the terminals of the winding, for example with a rise time in the μs range. Due to the high-frequency fundamental portion of such a voltage pulse, the voltage along the individual turns of the winding distributed according to their respective capacity. Since the capacity is now distributed unevenly due to the introduction of the cooling channel, there is also a disadvantageous uneven stress on the conductor, which is usually designed over its entire length for the same voltage stress.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Transformatorwicklung mit homogenisierter Spannungsverteilung bei Stossspannungsbelastung anzugeben.Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a transformer winding with homogenized stress distribution at surge voltage load.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Transformatorwicklung der eingangs genannten Art. Diese ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des wenigstens einen Kühlkanals zumindest abschnittsweise längs dessen radialen Umfangs ein sich über annährend die gesamte axiale Länge erstreckender flächiger elektrischer Schirm vorgesehen ist, durch welchen die elektrische Kapazitätsverteilung in der elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Transformatorwicklung beeinflusst ist.This object is achieved by a transformer winding of the aforementioned type. This is characterized in that within the at least one cooling channel at least in sections along its radial circumference is provided over approximately the entire axial length extending planar electric screen, through which the electrical capacitance distribution in the electrical series-connected transformer winding is influenced.
Die Grundidee der Erfindung besteht darin, den hohlzylindrischen Innenraum des wenigstens einen Kühlkanals, welcher sich zumeist über die gesamte axiale Länge der Transformatorwicklung erstreckt, mit einem jeweiligen inneren, elektrisch leitfähigen Schirm zu versehen, so dass einerseits die kapazitiven Eigenschaften von weiteren Windungen, welche ohne Vorhandensein eines Kühlkanals dort vorzusehen wären, in etwa zumindest teilweise nachgebildet sind.The basic idea of the invention is to provide the hollow-cylindrical interior of the at least one cooling channel, which generally extends over the entire axial length of the transformer winding, with a respective inner, electrically conductive screen, so that, on the one hand, the capacitive properties of others Windings, which would be provided there without the presence of a cooling channel, are approximately at least partially replicated.
Andererseits ist der jeweilige Schirm derart auszugestalten, dass die Kühlfunktion des Kühlkanals nicht negativ beeinflusst, oder im Idealfall sogar noch verbessert wird. Dies wird durch eine vorzugsweise flache, blechähnliche Ausgestaltung des jeweiligen Schirms, welcher längs der axialen Erstreckung des Kühlkanals angeordnet ist, erreicht. Vorzugsweise ist eine Ausrichtung des Schirmes - auch in Teilbereichen - quer zu einer Strömungsrichtung durch den jeweiligen Kühlkanal zu vermeiden, um die Kühlwirkung nicht negativ zu beeinflussen. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist ein Blech, welches - beispielsweise in Zylinderform gerollt - in dem Kühlkanal vorzusehen ist. Es wird dann allerdings in gewissen Bereichen des Schirmes ein jeweiliger Durchbruch notwendig sein, um dort die erforderliche Beabstandung der beiden radial angrenzenden Wicklungsmodule zu ermöglichen, beispielsweise durch Stege oder Klötze. Auch eine zylinderschalenähnliche Segmentierung eines Schirmes ist denkbar.On the other hand, the respective screen is to be designed in such a way that the cooling function of the cooling channel is not adversely affected, or in the ideal case even improved. This is achieved by a preferably flat, plate-like configuration of the respective screen, which is arranged along the axial extent of the cooling channel. Preferably, an orientation of the screen - even in partial areas - to avoid transverse to a flow direction through the respective cooling channel in order not to adversely affect the cooling effect. An example of this is a metal sheet which, for example, rolled in a cylindrical shape, is to be provided in the cooling channel. However, it will then be necessary in certain areas of the screen, a respective breakthrough to allow there the required spacing of the two radially adjacent winding modules, for example by webs or blocks. A cylindrical shell-like segmentation of a screen is conceivable.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Transformatorwicklung weist der wenigstens eine Kühlkanal eine radial innere und eine radial äußere Wandung auf, durch welche ein Kanalhohlraum umschlossen ist, wobei an wenigstens einer der beiden dem Hohlraum zugewandten Wandungsseiten ein elektrischer Schirm angeordnet ist. Derartige den Kanalhohlraum umschließende Wandungen sind einerseits nicht unüblich bei der Ausgestaltung eines Kühlkanals, auch wenn keine zusätzlichen elektrischen Schirme in diesem vorgesehen sind. So lässt sich ein derartiger Kühlkanal durch Ineinanderschachtelung von zwei Rohrstücken aus einem Isolationsmaterial mit zusätzlicher radialer Beabstandung in vorteilhaft einfacher Weise fertigen. Andererseits ist während der Fertigung ein jeweiliger elektrischer Schirm entsprechend problemlos an wenigstens einer der beiden dem inneren Kühlkanal zugewandten Seiten vorzusehen. Hier ist neben dem Anbringen eines blech-ähnlichen Schirms auch das Bestreichen der betreffenden Wandungsseite mit einem leitfähigen Lackmaterial denkbar.In a preferred embodiment of the transformer winding according to the invention, the at least one cooling channel has a radially inner and a radially outer wall, through which a channel cavity is enclosed, wherein at least one of the two wall facing the cavity side, an electrical screen is arranged. Such the channel cavity enclosing walls are on the one hand not unusual in the design of a cooling channel, even if no additional electrical screens are provided in this. Thus, such a cooling channel can be produced by nesting two pieces of pipe from an insulating material with additional radial spacing in an advantageously simple manner. On the other hand, during manufacture, a respective electrical screen must accordingly be provided without problems on at least one of the two sides facing the inner cooling channel. Here, in addition to the attachment of a sheet-like screen and the painting of the respective wall side with a conductive paint material is conceivable.
Es sei darauf verwiesen, dass sich eine weitere Anordnung eines Schirmes - beispielsweise in der radialen Mitte des Kühlkanals - vorteilhaft zur Erreichung einer möglichst homogenen Kapazitätsverteilung auswirkt. Ein derart mittig angebrachter Schirm erhöht zudem in vorteilhafter Weise die Interaktionsfläche mit dem durch den Kühlkanal strömenden Kühlmedium Luft und die Kühlwirkung wird dadurch verbessert.It should be noted that a further arrangement of a screen - for example, in the radial center of the cooling channel - advantageous to achieve a homogeneous distribution of capacity. Such a centrally mounted screen also advantageously increases the interaction surface with the cooling medium flowing through the cooling channel air and the cooling effect is thereby improved.
In einer weiteren Erfindungsvariante ist der wenigstens eine elektrische Schirm galvanisch mit einer radial benachbarten Wicklungslage verbunden. Dies wirkt sich - je nach weiterer Ausgestaltung der Wicklung - positiv auf die Potentialverteilung im Falle einer Stoßspannungsbelastung aber auch auf die Spannungsbeanspruchung der Leiter im stationären Betriebsfall mit Netzfrequenz aus.In a further variant of the invention, the at least one electrical shield is galvanically connected to a radially adjacent winding layer. This has a positive effect on the potential distribution in the event of an impulse voltage load but also on the voltage stress of the conductors in steady-state operation at mains frequency, depending on the further configuration of the winding.
Erfindungsgemäß erweist es sich bei Bandleiterwicklungen mit einer Windung pro Wickellage als vorteilhaft, wenn der wenigstens eine elektrische Schirm parallel zur Wickelachse angeordnet ist. In diesem Fall ist die Potentialverteilung längs der axialen Länge der Wicklung in jeder Wickellage konstant, daher ist auch die sich an einer zu erwartenden Potentialverteilung im Stossspannungsbeanspruchungsfall orientierende Ausrichtung des elektrischen Schirmes parallel zur Wickelachse zu wählen. Dies erweist sich zudem als die den Kühlmittefluss durch den Kühlkanal am wenigsten beeinflussende Anordnungsvariante.In the case of strip conductor windings with one turn per winding layer, it proves to be advantageous according to the invention if the at least one electrical shield is arranged parallel to the winding axis. In this case, the potential distribution along the axial length of the winding in each winding position is constant, therefore, also the orientation of the electric screen oriented parallel to the winding axis and oriented towards an expected potential distribution in the case of a surge stress situation must be selected. This also proves to be the least influencing the Kühlmittefluss through the cooling channel arrangement variant.
Entsprechend einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung, welche für Transformatorwicklungen mit mehreren axial nebeneinander liegenden Windungen pro Wickellage ausgeführt vorgesehen ist, ist der wenigstens eine elektrische Schirm schräg zur Wickelachse entsprechend einer zu erwartenden elektrischen Potentialverteilung angeordnet. Bei axial nebeneinander liegenden Wickellagen ist nämlich längs der axialen Erstreckung der Transformatorwicklung ein Spannungsgefälle vorhanden, welchem dann durch eine entsprechend schräge Anordnung des Schirms Rechnung getragen wird. Dieser ist jedoch derart auszugestalten, dass die Luftströmung durch den Kühlkanal möglichst wenig beeinflusst wird.According to a further embodiment of the invention, which is designed for transformer windings with several axially adjacent turns per winding layer, the at least one electric screen is arranged obliquely to the winding axis corresponding to an expected electric potential distribution. For axially adjacent winding layers namely a voltage gradient is present along the axial extent of the transformer winding, which is then taken into account by a corresponding oblique arrangement of the screen. However, this is to be designed such that the air flow through the cooling channel is influenced as little as possible.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Erfindungsvariante sind mehrere axial aneinander grenzende Wicklungsmodule mit Kühlkanal und flächigem elektrischen Schirm vorgesehen. Durch eine derartige axiale Segmentierung ist der Zusammenbau - insbesondere von größeren Wicklungen von beispielsweise 10MVA Leistung und höher, deutlich vereinfacht. Dennoch sind die Kühlkanäle zumeist derart ausgestaltet, dass sie längs der gemeinsamen axialen Erstreckung aller axial benachbarten Wicklungsmodule geführt sind.In a particularly preferred variant of the invention, a plurality of axially adjacent winding modules with a cooling channel and a planar electric screen are provided. By such axial segmentation is the assembly - in particular of larger windings of, for example 10MVA power and higher, much easier. Nevertheless, the cooling channels are usually designed such that they are guided along the common axial extent of all axially adjacent winding modules.
Gemäß einer weiteren Variante der Erfindung erstreckt sich demgemäß ein gemeinsamer Kühlkanal über die gesamte axiale Länge der axial aneinandergrenzenden Wicklungsmodule, wobei wenigstens ein flächiger elektrischer Schirm längs der gesamten axialen Länge des Kühlkanals vorgesehen ist. Hierdurch ist die Konstruktion weiter vereinfacht.According to a further variant of the invention accordingly extends a common cooling channel over the entire axial length of the axially adjacent winding modules, wherein at least one planar electric screen along the entire axial length of the cooling channel is provided. As a result, the construction is further simplified.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind zwei galvanisch getrennte Wicklungen für jeweils unterschiedliche Nennspannungen vorgesehen. Dies ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn eine Unterspannungswicklung und eine Oberspannungswicklung auf demselben Spulenkörper angeordnet sind. Üblicherweise ist die Unterspannungswicklung, beispielsweise für eine Nennspannung von 10kV, radial innen angeordnet und die Oberspannungswicklung, beispielsweise für eine Nennspannung von 30kV, radial außen. Jede dieser galvanisch getrennten Wicklungen kann erfindungsgemäß aus Wicklungsmodulen mit dazwischen angeordneten Kühlkanälen mit jeweiligem elektrischem Schirm aufgebaut sein. Die Vorteile einer erfindungsgemäßen Transformatorwicklung erschließen sich auch für einen Transformator mit Transformatorkern und wenigstens einer, vorzugsweise aber drei Transformatorwicklungen. Hiermit ist der Einsatz in einem dreiphasigen Energieversorgungsnetz ermöglicht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, two galvanically isolated windings are provided for each different nominal voltages. This is the case, for example, when a low-voltage winding and a high-voltage winding are arranged on the same bobbin. Usually, the low-voltage winding, for example, for a rated voltage of 10kV, arranged radially inward and the high-voltage winding, for example, for a rated voltage of 30kV, radially outward. Each of these galvanically isolated windings can be constructed according to the invention of winding modules with interposed cooling channels with respective electrical screen. The advantages of a transformer winding according to the invention are also apparent for a transformer with transformer core and at least one, but preferably three transformer windings. This allows use in a three-phase power supply network.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten sind den weiteren abhängigen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.Further advantageous embodiment possibilities can be found in the further dependent claims.
Anhand der in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele sollen die Erfindung, weitere Ausführungsformen und weitere Vorteile näher beschrieben werden.Reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, the invention, further embodiments and other advantages will be described in detail.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Draufsicht auf eine erste exemplarische Transformatorwicklung,
- Fig.2
- eine Schnittansicht durch eine zweite exemplarische Transformatorwicklung,
- Fig. 3
- eine Teilschnittansicht durch eine dritte exemplarische Transformatorwicklung sowie
- Fig. 4
- eine Teilschnittansicht durch eine vierte exemplarische Transformatorwicklung
- Fig. 1
- a top view of a first exemplary transformer winding,
- Fig.2
- a sectional view through a second exemplary transformer winding,
- Fig. 3
- a partial sectional view through a third exemplary transformer winding as well
- Fig. 4
- a partial sectional view through a fourth exemplary transformer winding
Radial außen schließt sich ein zweites Wicklungsmodul 14 an, welches ebenfalls mehrere Lagen eines elektrischen Leiters aufweist, welche jedoch in der Fig. nicht angedeutet sind. Eine elektrische Reihenschaltung der beiden Wicklungsteile ist mit einem Reihenschaltungselement 24 angedeutet, beispielsweise einem Aluminiumprofil oder einem radial durch den Kühlkanal geführten Leitersegment. Die von den Wicklungsmodulen im Betriebsfall abgegebene Wärme wird durch die Wandungen 26, 28 in den Kühlkanal 16 übertragen und strahlt auch auf die elektrischen Schirme 20, 22 ein. Der Luftstrom durch den Kühlkanal 16 ist durch die Anordnung der elektrischen Schirme 20, 22 nicht negativ beeinflusst, es wird sogar noch eine verbesserte Kühlwirkung erreicht. Die Wärmestrahlung erwärmt nämlich auch die beiden elektrischen Schirme 20, 22 welche dann eine erhöhte Austauschfläche für den Wärmeaustausch mit der Kühlluft bilden. Selbstverständlich sind weitere sich radial außen anschließende weitere Kühlkanäle und weitere sich radial außen anschließende Wicklungsmodule denkbar.Radially outside, a second winding
- 1010
- Draufsicht auf eine erste exemplarische TransformatorwicklungTop view of a first exemplary transformer winding
- 1212
- erstes Wicklungsmodulfirst winding module
- 1414
- zweites Wicklungsmodulsecond winding module
- 1616
- erster Kühlkanalfirst cooling channel
- 1818
- Wickelachsewinding axis
- 2020
- erster elektrischer Schirmfirst electric screen
- 2222
- zweiter elektrischer Schirmsecond electric screen
- 2424
- elektrische Reihenschaltungelectrical series connection
- 2626
- radial innere Wandungradially inner wall
- 2828
- radial äußere Wandungradially outer wall
- 3030
- Beabstandungspacing
- 4040
- Schnittansicht durch eine zweite exemplarische TransformatorwicklungSectional view through a second exemplary transformer winding
- 4242
- drittes Wicklungsmodulthird winding module
- 4444
- viertes Wicklungsmodulfourth winding module
- 4646
- fünftes Wicklungsmodulfifth winding module
- 4848
- sechstes Wicklungsmodulsixth winding module
- 5050
- Wickelachsewinding axis
- 5252
- zweiter Kühlkanalsecond cooling channel
- 5454
- dritter elektrischer Schirmthird electric screen
- 5656
- vierter elektrischer Schirmfourth electric screen
- 5858
- fünfter elektrischer Schirmfifth electric screen
- 6060
- Teilschnittansicht durch eine dritte exemplarische TransformatorwicklungPartial sectional view through a third exemplary transformer winding
- 6262
- Wickelachsewinding axis
- 6464
- siebtes Wicklungsmodulseventh winding module
- 6666
- achtes Wicklungsmoduleighth winding module
- 6868
- dritter Kühlkanalthird cooling channel
- 7070
- Bandleiter des siebten WicklungsmodulsBand conductor of the seventh winding module
- 7272
- sechster elektrischer Schirmsixth electric screen
- 7474
- siebter elektrischer Schirmseventh electric screen
- 7676
- galvanische Verbindung zum elektrischen Schirmgalvanic connection to the electric screen
- 8080
- Teilschnittansicht durch eine vierte exemplarische TransformatorwicklungPartial sectional view through a fourth exemplary transformer winding
- 8282
- Wickelachsewinding axis
- 8484
- elektrische Leiterwindungen des achten Wicklungsmodulselectrical conductor turns of the eighth winding module
- 8888
- elektrische Leiterwindungen des neunten Wicklungsmodulselectrical conductor turns of the ninth winding module
- 9090
- vierter Kühlkanalfourth cooling channel
- 9292
- achter elektrischer Schirmeighth electric screen
- 9494
- neunter elektrischer Schirmninth electric screen
Claims (9)
dass innerhalb des wenigstens einen Kühlkanals (16, 52, 68, 90) zumindest abschnittsweise längs dessen radialen Umfangs ein sich über annähernd die gesamte axiale Länge erstreckender flächiger elektrischer Schirm (20, 22, 54, 56, 58, 72, 74, 92, 94) vorgesehen ist, durch welchen die elektrische Kapazitätsverteilung in der elektrisch in Reihe geschalteten Transformatorwicklung beeinflusst ist.Transformator winding (10, 40, 60, 80), with at least two hollow cylindrical nested around a common winding axis (18, 50, 62, 82) extending electrically connected in series (24) multi-layer winding modules (12, 14, 42, 44, 46 , 48, 64, 66), with at least one cooling channel (16, 52, 68, 90), which along the same winding axis (18, 50, 62, 82) is hollow cylindrical between the winding modules (12, 14, 42, 44, 46, 48, 64, 66) is arranged, characterized
in that, within the at least one cooling channel (16, 52, 68, 90), at least in sections along the radial circumference thereof, a planar electric screen (20, 22, 54, 56, 58, 72, 74, 92,) extends over approximately the entire axial length. 94) is provided, by which the electrical capacitance distribution is influenced in the electrical series-connected transformer winding.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL10175699T PL2428967T3 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Transformer coil |
ES10175699T ES2406408T3 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Transformer winding |
EP10175699.7A EP2428967B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Transformer coil |
PCT/EP2011/003669 WO2012031646A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-07-22 | Transformer winding |
CN201180043376.5A CN103125003B (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-07-22 | Transformer coil |
CA2810416A CA2810416C (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-07-22 | Transformer winding |
BR112013005274-0A BR112013005274B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-07-22 | winding power transformer and transformer |
US13/785,306 US8952777B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2013-03-05 | Transformer winding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP10175699.7A EP2428967B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Transformer coil |
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EP2428967A1 true EP2428967A1 (en) | 2012-03-14 |
EP2428967B1 EP2428967B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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EP10175699.7A Active EP2428967B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Transformer coil |
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US (1) | US8952777B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2428967B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103125003B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013005274B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2810416C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2406408T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2428967T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012031646A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2833378A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-04 | ABB Technology AG | Transformer |
WO2015062838A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | Abb Technology Ag | Dry-type transformer coil and dry-type transformer |
WO2020038923A1 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for reducing high-frequency interferences of a transformer |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP6075784B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-02-08 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Busbar, busbar module, and busbar manufacturing method |
CN104064334A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-09-24 | 伊戈尔电气股份有限公司 | Grounding screen for main oil gallery of high-voltage and low-voltage coils of transformer |
EP3007189B1 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2020-04-15 | ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG | Vehicle transformer |
US11143459B1 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2021-10-12 | Mainstream Engineering Corporation | Advanced cooling system using throttled internal cooling passage flow for a window assembly, and methods of fabrication and use thereof |
US11159021B2 (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2021-10-26 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Flexible reactive power compensation |
EP3770931A1 (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-01-27 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Transformer apparatus |
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GB829983A (en) * | 1957-05-28 | 1960-03-09 | Smit & Willem & Co Nv | Improvements in and relating to transformers or choking coils |
DE1258966B (en) * | 1964-04-27 | 1968-01-18 | May & Christe Ges Mit Beschrae | Air-cooled plastic transformer |
WO2006103193A2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformer provided with an electrical shielding |
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US2553324A (en) * | 1949-07-27 | 1951-05-15 | Gen Electric | Wide band audio and video transformer |
DE3243595C2 (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1985-10-17 | Smit Transformatoren B.V., Nijmegen | Winding arrangement for a gas-cooled transformer |
NL8901961A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-02-18 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | GENERATOR FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL VOLTAGE. |
CN2617016Y (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-05-19 | 司峰电子股份有限公司 | Transformer |
US8779882B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-07-15 | Astec International Limited | Center tapped transformers for isolated power converters |
-
2010
- 2010-09-08 PL PL10175699T patent/PL2428967T3/en unknown
- 2010-09-08 EP EP10175699.7A patent/EP2428967B1/en active Active
- 2010-09-08 ES ES10175699T patent/ES2406408T3/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-07-22 BR BR112013005274-0A patent/BR112013005274B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-07-22 CA CA2810416A patent/CA2810416C/en active Active
- 2011-07-22 WO PCT/EP2011/003669 patent/WO2012031646A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-07-22 CN CN201180043376.5A patent/CN103125003B/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-03-05 US US13/785,306 patent/US8952777B2/en active Active
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GB829983A (en) * | 1957-05-28 | 1960-03-09 | Smit & Willem & Co Nv | Improvements in and relating to transformers or choking coils |
DE1258966B (en) * | 1964-04-27 | 1968-01-18 | May & Christe Ges Mit Beschrae | Air-cooled plastic transformer |
WO2006103193A2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Transformer provided with an electrical shielding |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2833378A1 (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-04 | ABB Technology AG | Transformer |
WO2015062838A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | Abb Technology Ag | Dry-type transformer coil and dry-type transformer |
WO2020038923A1 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-27 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for reducing high-frequency interferences of a transformer |
US11996228B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2024-05-28 | Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for reducing high-frequency interferences of a transformer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103125003B (en) | 2016-11-16 |
CA2810416C (en) | 2017-10-03 |
BR112013005274B1 (en) | 2020-10-27 |
US20130181796A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
BR112013005274A2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
CN103125003A (en) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2428967B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
WO2012031646A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
US8952777B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
PL2428967T3 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
ES2406408T3 (en) | 2013-06-06 |
CA2810416A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
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