EP2422006A1

EP2422006A1 - Fiber product, fiber molded part, and method for producing the same

Info

Publication number: EP2422006A1
Application number: EP10714637A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Diederik Cuylits
Original assignee: Culimeta Alfons Cuylits-Gesell fur Textilglas Technologie mbH
Current assignee: Culimeta Alfons Cuylits-Gesell fur Textilglas Technologie mbH
Priority date: 2009-04-21
Filing date: 2010-04-21
Publication date: 2012-02-29
Also published as: US20120034417A1; CN102414356A; WO2010122076A1; KR20120013936A; DE102009002536A1; BRPI1013713A2

Abstract

According to the invention, it was recognized that the fiber products, in particular, glass fiber products, suitable for thermal insulation can be temporarily given an inherently stable shape by fixing agents that can be activated. This enables the fiber molded parts produced from the fiber products according to the invention to be used more easily or fully automatically. Processing the fiber products to form a molded part becomes exceptionally simple if said product itself carries the fixing agents. Therefore, a fixing agent does not have to be added in a separate production step during the molding.

Description

FIBER PRODUCT, FIBER FORM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

The invention relates to a Fαserprodukt and Fαserformteil and methods for producing the same. In particular, such a part can be used as a molded part for thermal and / or acoustic decoupling and / or fi xing between components and in particular as a heat-insulating Wanddurchfuhrung, preferably in fluidfuhrenden systems, such as components of exhaust systems, such. B. Catalysts and silencers with plastic outer housing are used.

From the prior art, novel silencers for internal combustion engines are known in which the Außengeha use is made of plastic, Thus, the steamer can be made smaller and in any form for platzspa ing installation. Critical is the necessary thermal insulation of Wanddurchfuhrung in Kunststoffaußengeha housing through which the exhaust-carrying hot metal pipe is guided. Because of the known properties, glass fiber products are also used as insulator. These are often used

Inserting by hand, if necessary using several glass fiber products To facilitate assembly, these glass fiber products can also be held in shape beforehand, for example, by sewing or similar aids. In a further step, sealing means are to be introduced into the region of the transition between the hot metal tube and the outer housing, which ensure that the exhaust gases can not escape between the outer housing and the inner tube. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved fiber product and molded fiber part and method for producing the same,

This object is achieved by a fiber product, molded fiber part and method for producing the same having the features of the independent claims and the Wanddurchfuhrung or, the muffler with the features of claims 1 8 and, 1 9,

For better understanding, the invention is explained below using the example "glass fibers" as fibers used The term glass fiber is not intended to limit the invention to products with the material glass Rather, the invention relates to all suitable for the particular application fibers, namely in particular: all organic preferably high-temperature resistant over 1 00 ⁰ C, preferably 1 20 ⁰ C, in particular preferably 220 ° or non-organic fibers preferably high temperature over 300 ⁰ C, preferably 35O ⁰ C, z, B, mineral fibers, synthetic mineral fibers, thermoplastic fibers, glass fibers, PEEK, Furthermore, it is immaterial to the invention, whether the filaments consist of endless filaments or short fibers fibers of limited length are staple fibers, in principle, infinitely long fibers are filaments or continuous fibers, a fiber product or, according to the invention of short fibers or long filaments are formed "Flat textile structures within the meaning of the invention also include nonwovens, such as z, B, a needle felt or wadding. A wad is basically a loose structure of fibers or thread, which only result in a flat structure or joint due to adhesion to one another.

According to the invention, it was first recognized that the fiber products suitable for thermal insulation-hereinafter referred to by way of example as glass fiber products-can be temporarily given an intrinsically stable form by activatable fixing means. This makes possible a simpler or fully automatic insertion of the erf Fπduπgsgemαßen Glαsfαserprodukteπ produced Fαserformteile - hereinafter referred to by way of example as glass fiber moldings

The processing of the glass fiber products becomes particularly simple when these products themselves carry the fixing agents. It is therefore not necessary to supply a fixing agent during the molding process in a separate production step. The glass fiber products, ie the substantially flexible textile flat structures Therefore, it can be adhesive, z, B reactive adhesive, hot melt adhesive, inorganic adhesive, water glass or suitable substances that have been applied by spraying or immersion, act, It is crucial that the fixative then activated can be, if the glass fiber products were brought into the appropriate shape and that they harden after activation in such a way that the glass fiber product can retain its given shape - at least until it is installed or used for the first time -

Another suitable fixing agent are thermoplastics, z, B, PE, which can be activated by heat within the meaning of the invention. After falling below the melting temperature, the thermoplastic solidifies,

The glass fiber products can be made, for example, from glass fiber thread, which carry the o, g, fixative itself, this is particularly easy with the usual machines used in the textile industry, if each fiberglass thread is associated with a fixing thread, for example by twirling, twisting, Mitfuhren, etc The fixing thread is preferably made of a thermoplastic, in a further embodiment, the glass fiber thread or fixation thread may have a plurality of fibers which are, for example, twisted. A single thread may be composed of numerous glass fibers and fixing fibers, whereby any suitable for the particular application Mass conditions can be produced Wovens, knits, round knits, knitted fabrics, scrims or braids made of glass fibers are particularly suitable for the production of the molded parts according to the invention. These can be handled and shaped easily

The proportions of the fixing agent to the glass fiber product mentioned in the tests proved to be optimal in terms of handling, strength and cost

The glass fiber molded part according to the invention is characterized in that it is kept in shape at least temporarily by the activated fixing agents. This allows a simple or fully automatic provision, handling and insertion of the corresponding molding in other products. In particular, the passage of other components through the opening in the glass fiber molded part is facilitated, since due to the smoother inner wall tilting or pulling out of thread is avoided. According to the invention, it is only important that the glass fiber molded part is sufficiently strong during installation. When installed, the glass fiber molded part is held in shape by the environment, so that the fixing means may lose their function, for example by thermal degradation of the same, without the thermal The glass fiber molded part is thus designed so that it is held by the activated fixative in a form that is smaller than the shape that occupy the glass fiber molded part in the absence of the fixative before activation and after thermal degradation thereof The glass fiber molded part is thus to be interpreted and the materials to be selected such that it would be elastic without the fixative and take a larger shape than the desired shape of the glass fiber molded part with activated fixative, thereby remains even after thermal

Degradation of the fixative, the molding, which may consist of analogous non-glass fibers, so large that it can essentially comply with its position and shape when installed, usually the molding then still has a residual elasticity, but in practice is much lower , as the original elasticity of the molding before The activation Fαserngebilde which are formed ols knitted fabric, knit or the like, have this elasticity and are suitable for activating the fixing means compressible so that they can be brought into shape. In the production of the molding this must therefore be elastically compressible, so that it in the mold can be inserted before activating the fixative.

The molding is thus suitable for insertion as a molding for thermal and / or acoustic decoupling and / or fixation between components, It serves as a heat insulating insulator, in particular in the form of a Wanddurchfuhrung, and preferably in fluidfuhrenden systems, such as components of exhaust systems, such as , Catalysts and mufflers with outer plastic housing, The harmful influences, such as, B Temperature and vibrations, are kept away from the plastic The molding is particularly suitable for components of the exhaust system of internal combustion engines, but also in the industrial sector, eg, in power plants,

Preferably, the glass fiber molded part is designed as a so-called Wanddurchfuhrung. This serves to isolate a hot component through the opening in a component to be protected against heat and if necessary to hold, Expediently, such a component has an internal opening for passing through the hot component and an outer contour, at the opening in the second component to be protected The glass fiber component can also have a support function, but this is not mandatory

According to the invention it has been recognized that a - usually rotationally symmetrical - wall lead-through particularly easy to produce when using a knit or a hose, this example, from both sides can be rolled inwards, so that the shape of about a "double sealing ring If, on this occasion, more turns are made on one side, the result is already a flange-like appearance, that is to say a substantially rotationally symmetrical component with a passage, a thinner one Flange End and Thickened Flange Neck / Flange Foot The outer diameter of the flanged boss can be further increased when the fiberglass molding is composed of multiple fiberglass products, namely the inwardly or outwardly rolled circular knit fabrics described above and, for example, a flat knit wound therearound. For example, in preparation, the prepared circular knit can be inserted into a corresponding flange-like negative mold, and the part of the flange attachment not filled with the circular knit is then filled with the flat knit in the interior of the mold. After activation of the fixation agent results in a flange with a wider flange approach.

Preferably, at least a part of the Flanschansatzes is provided with a pressure-tight material, for. B. an elastomer. This ensures that the built-in molded part can be pressure-tight in the installed state,

The inventive method - in particular for the production of o, g. Moldings - allows in particular a cost-effective, dimensionally accurate production, and possibly. even applying the often necessary seal in a single step during activation,

Further advantages will become apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings. Likewise, the above-mentioned and still further features according to the invention can be used individually or in any combination with one another. The aforementioned exemplary embodiments are not exhaustive and have exemplary character

FIG. 1 shows a glass fiber molded part 1 produced according to the invention in the installed state in a plastic sound damper 2 for internal combustion engines. From the silencer, only the area of the wall leadthrough 21 is shown in the form of a pincushion. The hot inner tube 3 is guided through the opening 21 of the Kunststoffgehauses 2 of the silencer, wherein in the opening 21 according to the invention Glαsfαserbαuteil 1 is arranged, this thermally separates the tube 3 of the housing 2, and also serves as a pressure seal to prevent the escape of gases in the interior 22 of the muffler.

The molded article 1 is composed of two glass fiber products 1 1, 1 2, namely an inwardly rolled knitted fabric 1 1 and a flat knit 1 2 laid spirally around it. The knitted fabric 1 1 comprises an upper roll-up 11 1 and a lower roll-in 11 2, wherein the upper curl 1 1 1 more windings and thus occupies more volume, When introduced into a corresponding - here flange-like - form thus already results in a flange outer contour, so that the upper winding 1 1 1 already forms parts of the Flanschansatzes To enlarge the Flange approach serve the other windings of the flat knit 1 1 2

This broadening of the Flanschansatzes is necessary for thermal reasons, which are related to the necessary diameter of the metallic pressure plate 31 which is fixedly connected to the inner tube 3. This plate 31 is necessary to bring about the pressure seal The larger the plate is, the cooler it is This reduces the thermal load of the necessary pressure seal 1 3 in this area, which is located on the outer part of the Flanschansatzes 1 2, the seal 1 3 was formed by injecting Dichtmateπal in the manufacture of the outer flange and has the Task to ensure a pressure-tight closure between plate 31 and inner contour of the opening 21 of the outer housing 2,

For mounting the silencer two cup-like half-shells are provided as Außengehause 2, In the opening of the outer housing 2, the inventively manufactured glass fiber moldings 1 are used, then then both half-shells 2 are pulled over the opposite free ends of the inner tube 3 and connected to each other necessary pressure between plate 31, 21 and 21 Innenoffnung seal 1 3 of the glass fiber molding produced However, according to the invention, the one-piece Bαutorm with integrated seal 1 3 The seal can also be provided separately as a sealing ring Given the high demands on the heat resistance of the Dichtmateπals but offers in the single-storey construction according to the invention has the advantage that only comparatively little Dichtmateπal is used as it mostly rests around the fiberglass product

Preferably, the upper surface of the sealing material 1 3 is above the top of the Glasfasermateπals, so that an optimal and uninterrupted contact of the Dichtmateπals is ensured with the plate 31 In the production of this is advantageously achieved by corresponding recesses for the sealing material in the negative mold These receive the material , Give him in the cured state a defined and suitable surface and ensure that the Glasfasermateπal is well hidden in Dichtmateπal

Claims

claims

1 . Fiber product, eg B, glass fiber product, especially textiles

Fauklilde, with activatable fixatives, which is such that the fiber product held in a form n h h activation of the fixative and after the name of the mold retained its shape, characterized in that it is elastically compressible before the activation of the fixative and after thermal decomposition thereof comprising fiber product thread, in particular glass fiber thread, which carry the fixative; the fixing means is designed as a fixing thread, which are guided on, in, around and / or next to the thread; each thread of a plurality of fibers, in particular verzwirbelten, consists and / or each fixing thread of a plurality of fixing fibers, in particular verzwirbelten exists; a plurality of fibers and at least one fixing fiber are twisted together and together form the thread, the fixing thread consist of a thermoplastic or have such, the fiber product a thread, fabric, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, flat knit, knitted fabric, scrim, parallel braid. Cotton, fleece or

Braid made of glass fibers or glass fiber thread, the proportion of the fixing agent to the fiber product 1-30 wt -.%, Preferably 3-1 5 wt -% and i nsbesondere preferably 4- 1 0 wt -% amounts.

2. Fiber product, eg B, glass fiber product, especially textiles

Flat structures, with activatable fixing means, which are such that the fiber product held in a mold can retain its shape after activation of the fixing means and after the shape has been removed from the mold,

3, Fαserprodukt according to claim 2, characterized in that it is elastically compressible before the activation of the F yxierungsmittel and nac h thermal decomposition

4 fiber product according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the fiber product thread, in particular glass fiber thread, which carry the fixing agent,

5 fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing agent is designed as F ixierungsfaden, which are guided on, in, around and / or next to the thread

6 fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each thread of a plurality of fibers, in particular verzwirbelten, consists and / or each fixing thread of a plurality of fixing fibers, in particular verzwirbelten exists.

7, fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of fibers and at least one fixing fiber are twisted together and together form the thread.

8, fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing threads are made of a thermoplastic or such a ufweisen.

9 fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber product is a thread, fabric,

Knitted, knitted, knitted, knitted, knotted, parallel weave. Wadding, fleece or braid of glass fibers or fiberglass thread is

1 0 Fαserprodukt according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an adhesive is provided as F ixierungsmittel.

1 1. Fiber product according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of Fixierungsmitteis am

Fiber product 1 to 30 wt.%, Preferably 3 to 15 wt.% And especially preferably 4 to 1 wt.%

1 2. Faserformteii, z, B, glass fiber molding, in particular heat insulation with a fiber product according to any one of the preceding claims, which is held by the activated fixative in the form, characterized in that it is held by the activated F ixierungsmittel in a form which is smaller is considered to be the form which the molded article would take in the absence of the fixative or after thermal degradation thereof; the molded part has an inner opening for passing and holding a heat-conducting component and an outer contour for holding the thermal insulation in a second component which is to be protected from the heat of the heat-conducting component; the molded part has a knitted fabric as a fiber product, which is rolled up from one or both ends inwardly or outwardly; the molding is made up of several fiber products; the molded part is in the form of a flange, the flange has a circular knit rolled up inwardly or outwardly from one or both ends, and the flange extension consists at least partially of a further fibrous product, in particular of a flat knitted fabric wound around the flange ; the outer part of the F lanschansatzes with a druckdic hte material, eg. B. a temperature-resistant elastomer, such as silicone rubber, is provided such that in a verba uten state of the flange approach is pressure-tight, the molding for thermal and / or acoustic decoupling and / or fixation between components, eg heat-insulating wall ducting, preferably in fluid-carrying systems, such as components of exhaust systems, such as, B catalysts and mufflers, in particular with

Exterior housing is used in plastic,

1 3. fiber molding, z, B, glass fiber molding, in particular heat insulation with a fiber product according to any one of the preceding claims, which is held by the activated fixative in the form

Shaped according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is held by the activated fixative in a form which is smaller than the shape which the molding in the absence of fixative or after thermal degradation thereof, was taking.

1 5. Molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded part an internal opening for passing and holding a heat-conducting component and a

Outer contour for holding the heat insulation in a second component which is to be protected from the heat of the heat-conducting component,

1 6. A molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded part has a circular knit as a fiber product, which is rolled up from one or both ends to the inside or outside.

1 7. Molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded part is composed of a plurality of fiber products.

1 8, molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molded part is formed in the shape of a flange.

1 9 molded part according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the flange has a circular knit, which is rolled up from one or both ends inwardly or outwardly, and the Flanschansatz at least partially from a further fiber product, in particular from a wound around the flange flat knitted fabric, consists.

20 molding according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer part of the flange approach with a druckdic hte material, for. B. a temperature-resistant elastomer, such as silicone rubber, is provided such that in a installed state, the flange is pressure-tight.

21. Molded part according to one of the preceding claims for the thermal and / or acoustic decoupling and / or fixation between components, z, B. warm insulating wall penetration, preferably in fluid-carrying systems, such as components of exhaust systems, such as, B. Catalysts and silencers, in particular with plastic outer shells,

22. Wall guide in a wall for passing and holding a heat-conducting component in a second component, which is to be protected from the heat of the heat-conducting component, with a molding according to one of the preceding claims,

23, muffler for internal combustion engines with a sectionally perforated inner tube made of metal, an outer housing made of plastic, dam materials between the inner tube and Außengeha housing and holding the inner tube and relative to the Außengehαuse insulating molding or Wαnddurchfuhrung according to any one of the preceding claims,

24. Verfa hren for producing a molded part, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, with the following steps: a. Providing one or more fiber products according to one of the preceding claims 1 - 1 0; b, incorporating the fiber products into a negative mold that corresponds to the shape of the fiber product to be produced; c activation of fixatives. d removal of the mold after the activating agents have reached the state that allows the fiber products to retain their shape after removal of the mold.

25, Method according to the preceding claim, wherein in step b) the fiber product is elastically compressed.

26. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein thermoplastics are used as F yxierungsmittel and the activation takes place by h heat introduction and melting of the thermoplastics.

27. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mold is pressurized during activation.

28. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein between step b) and d) in addition to step c) serving on the finished molded part as a pressure seal coating is introduced, for example, by injection into the mold.

29. Method according to the preceding claim, wherein the coating cures upon activation of the fixing agent, for example by egg nen vulization process