EP2421624A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sorptiven trennung von stoffgemischen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sorptiven trennung von stoffgemischenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2421624A1 EP2421624A1 EP10719253A EP10719253A EP2421624A1 EP 2421624 A1 EP2421624 A1 EP 2421624A1 EP 10719253 A EP10719253 A EP 10719253A EP 10719253 A EP10719253 A EP 10719253A EP 2421624 A1 EP2421624 A1 EP 2421624A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tempering
- sorption
- column
- sorptive
- sorbent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/20—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the conditioning of the sorbent material
- B01D15/203—Equilibration or regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/10—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features
- B01D15/22—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to the construction of the column
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
- B01D15/26—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism
- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 and B01D15/30 - B01D15/36, e.g. affinity, ligand exchange or chiral chromatography
- B01D15/3861—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 and B01D15/30 - B01D15/36, e.g. affinity, ligand exchange or chiral chromatography using an external stimulus
- B01D15/3876—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 and B01D15/30 - B01D15/36, e.g. affinity, ligand exchange or chiral chromatography using an external stimulus modifying the temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/50—Conditioning of the sorbent material or stationary liquid
- G01N30/52—Physical parameters
- G01N30/54—Temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for sop- tiven separation of mixtures, in particular liquid mixtures according to the first and eleventh claim.
- the cyclically operated sorption is widely used in fixed beds with particulate sorbents in the size range of about 2 to 1000 microns.
- the sorbents are initially unladen or with a suitable initial loading. If the fixed bed now flows through the solution to be treated, there is a sorption process in which originally dissolved substances (sorptive) bind to the sorbent. In the case of an ion exchange, an amount of another substance that is equivalent in terms of electrical charge is converted into solution.
- sorptive substances up to a maximum loading, there is an increasing accumulation of sorptive substances on the sorbent particles and thus the formation of a loading front which travels through the fixed bed. If the loading front appears at the outflow of the fixed bed, there is a flow of sorptives through the fixed bed without appreciable sorption. The intake of sorptives through the fixed bed must be stopped.
- the aforementioned sorption is followed by an elution step in which the bound sorbent is as quantitative as possible, i. is completely removed again from the sorbent particles of the bed.
- the elution substances used are, for example, highly saline media, concentrated acids, alkalis or organic solvents. However, the elution substances mentioned cause not inconsiderable costs, both in terms of acquisition and disposal.
- the elution solutions often represent a valuable product that can be used to target the target substance in purified and concentrated form.
- BEST AGENDA KOfrife contains rierter form.
- added substances such as salts or imidazole or isopropanol, however, must be removed before further purification often consuming eg by membrane processes or gel filtration again. A continuous sorption process is therefore not feasible.
- a sorption process must have on an industrial scale a possibility of reversible sorption / desorption of substances. In this case, chemical elution or regeneration substances should be avoided for the aforementioned reasons.
- Alternative options for switching between sorption and desorption are the use of physical influencing variables, in particular pressure or temperature.
- a pressure change has only a limited influence on the sorption equilibrium in liquids, so that a technical use of this effect does not appear promising so far.
- temperature changes in both gases and liquids have a greater or lesser effect on the sorption of substances on solid sorbents.
- [1] discloses cyclic sorption processes using a temperature change as a driving force for partial water desalting elution.
- ion exchange resins are used.
- the object of the invention is to propose a device and a method for the sorptive separation of liquid mixtures with a temperature-induced sorption and desorption tion process with low energy consumption and maximum concentration of a target component.
- the basic idea of the invention is not to supply the energy to be supplied for a temperature-dependent desorption to the entire sorption surface of the sorbents at the same time. Rather, tempering agents are proposed, which act only on a portion of the sorbent surface.
- the effective range of the tempering agents i. the area on the sorption surface on which a temperature control by the tempering takes place, thus comprises only a portion of the sorbent surface.
- the possibility of the serial action of the effective range of said tempering means on the entire sorption surface is provided.
- means are provided for a shift of the effective range over the entire sorption surface.
- the Effective range is preferably cyclically, ie repeatedly moved over the extension of the entire sorption according to a setêtSchema. This allows, for example, a cyclically recurring serial sorption and / or desorption on the entire sorption surface.
- the temperature is only in the range of influence of the tempering agent, i. in the effective range directly tempered by this, i. subjected to a temperature change.
- the temperature is thereby influenced by heat transfer within the thermoresponsive sorbents and by the surrounding liquid. Heat transfer always takes place with thermal gradients. It causes e.g. after a heating carried out for a desorption, an accelerated re-cooling of a part of the fixed-bed column which has been heated up for desorption by surrounding sorbents and liquid. After this accelerated cooling, preferably without the influence of or a further tempering agent, this part is immediately available again for a renewed sorption without a renewed supply of additional energy. Due to the flow rate of the substance mixture, the heat derived from the mixture of substances is transported in the direction of the process and thereby absorbed by the surrounding sorbents and, when they are heated up, no longer has to be applied by the temperature control agents.
- thermoresponsive sorbents in which sorption takes place at higher temperatures than desorption, after a desorption for cooling as a tempering accelerated reheating a heated for desorption part of the fixed bed column by the surrounding sorbents and liquid.
- thermoresponsive materials are understood to mean sorbent materials which have bound to their surface special polymers. ben, which undergo a strong conformational change within a narrow temperature interval.
- thermoresponsive sorbent for a sorptive separation of liquid mixtures are, for example, particles having a surface functionalization of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (poly-NIPAAm). Below a temperature of about 30 0 C is poly-NIPAAm extended polymer chains, above temperatures of about 35 0 C, however, collapse the chains to compact Knaul, with pronounced hydrophobic character.
- the transition temperature of about 32 ° C is referred to as LCST (lower critical solution temperature).
- thermoresponsive sorbents The change in conformity and thus the transition from adsorption to desorption of thermoresponsive sorbents takes place advantageously in a narrow temperature range, in the case mentioned between 30 and 35 0 C. Consequently, the range in which a temperature-induced sorption / desorption occurs, in thermoresponsive sorbents does not extend to the well known in conventional sorbents significantly larger temperature intervals, which may be 100 0 C and more especially for gases. For initiation and performance of desorption or sorption, only small temperature changes are required in thermoresponsive sorbents, and thus advantageously not only a significantly reduced expenditure of energy, but also a lesser expenditure of time.
- a poly-NIPAAm-functionalized sorbent particle is brought into contact with, for example, a protein solution, binding of hydrophobic proteins occurs above the LCST. Subsequently, when the temperature is lowered below the LCST, the poly-NIPAAm Knaul expand again to extended polymer chains. Due to the associated extensive loss of the hydrophobic character and the additional spatial reorientation, there is an effective desorption of bound molecules. For desorption, therefore, a slight cooling from a temperature above 32 0 C to a temperature below 32 0 C instead of heating as a temperature control is required. In combination with sorbent materials having polymer chains with LCST characteristics on their surface, the proposed use of a fixed bed column with displaceable, local cooling zone is particularly advantageous.
- the basic temperature of the system can be set to eg 35 ° C. If a protein mixture is pumped through the column, hydrophobic proteins bind to the sorbent material. If the column is largely loaded, desorption can be achieved by moving a local cooling zone within a narrow range.
- thermoresponsive sorbents of the aforementioned type since only these show a strong change in their binding properties within a temperature interval of a few degrees. Since the bonding process is usually carried out from aqueous solutions at temperatures in the range of 10 0 C to about 40 0 C, preferably between 20 or 30 and 35 ° C, the extent of possible cooling is significantly limited and for sorbents with conventional temperature dependence of Binding too low. In addition, in conventional sorbents is usually a strengthening of the bond with decreasing temperature.
- thermoresponsive polymers can be influenced by choice of the polymer and in particular by the synthesis of co-polymers and covers the said range of the usual operating temperatures for a liquid chromatography of aqueous solutions.
- poly (N-iso-propylacrylamide) pNIPAAM, LCST 32 ° C
- poly (N, N ') diethylacrylamide) pDEAAM, LCST 33 0 C
- poly (N- [(2, 2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane) methyl] acrylamide) pDMDOMA, LCST 23 ° C
- co-polymers offer the possibility To change LCST.
- thermoresponsive sorbents For example, a stepwise transformation of the dioxolane groups of pDMDOMA into diol residues leads to polymers with LCSTs between 23 ° C (0% diol residues) to about 85 ° C (43% diol residues). This makes it possible to adapt the properties of the thermoresponsive sorbents to various applications.
- thermoresponsive polymers with an LCST point there are also polymers which have an "upper critical solution temperature" or UCST for short These polymers show a compact state at low temperatures and an expansion upon temperature increase via the UCST Examples of these are poly (N-acetylacrylamides ) (pNAcAAm, UCST ca.3O 0 C) or Polyacrylamide (PAAm, UCST ca.l2 ° C).
- poly (N-acetylacrylamides ) pNAcAAm, UCST ca.3O 0 C) or Polyacrylamide (PAAm, UCST ca.l2 ° C).
- PAAm Polyacrylamide
- FIG. 1 a and b each show a side view of a first embodiment for the sorptive separation of substance mixtures in the initial position (a) of the tempering device and in the case of desorption (b),
- the device of the first embodiment ( Figures Ia and B) comprises a solid bed column 1 formed of sorbent particles filled with a thermoresponsive material as a sorbent.
- the column has at the beginning of the column 2 an inlet 3 and at the end of the column 4 a flow 5 for a fluid mixture, which is to be separated materially in the column.
- the drain 5 is connected to a multi-way valve 6, which splits the flow of the separated substances into a product outlet 7 and a residual effluent 8.
- the cross section of the column between the column beginning and end of the column is preferably constant, more preferably round.
- a preferably annular Temper michsvorraum 9 is arranged as a temperature control means around the column 1, which is in good thermal contact with the sorption of the thermoresponsive sorbent.
- the height of the tempering device is substantially lower than the column height, so that only a portion of the sorption surface is tempered at the same time.
- the Temper michsvortechnisch is axially displaceable to the column via a traversing device 10 in the feed direction (feed 11), preferably via a linear drive (spindle drive, piezo drive).
- the tempering device is preferably a cooling device for the aforementioned thermoresponsive sorbents of the aforementioned type LCST.
- the invention also includes, in a second alternative variant, heating devices or heating elements as tempering device for the aforementioned sorbents of the UCST type.
- the movement device for a relative movement between the column and tempering in general.
- Tempering agents in particular the heating elements mentioned often have shock-sensitive components such as heating coils. An immobile arrangement of these not only reduces the risk of mechanical impact and thus significantly increases the service life, but reduces the number of moving parts and thus the possible heat losses.
- a preferred sliding guidance of the tempering device directly on the column outer surface not only serves a reliable tilt-free guidance, but also an improved heat transfer between the column and temperature control device in the effective range.
- a limitation of the axial heat conduction in the pillar outer surface can be achieved by an optional axial segmentation of these. It serves to concentrate the energy introduced by the tempering agent into the limited immediate area of action of the active tempering agent. A scattering of energy on too large an area in the column is thus avoided, the effective range sharply delimited.
- the focusing thus serves for a particularly energy-efficient tempering (cooling or heating) of a limited sorption surface portion to a predetermined desorptive temperature, i. the effective range and avoids scattering in axially adjacent areas on the column outer surface.
- a preferred embodiment provides an intermeshing thread on the column surface and heating element.
- the thread flanks increase as intermeshing cooling fins the heat transfer surface.
- An adjusting device for this embodiment for example, by relative rotation of column and tempering means similar to a nut on a thread.
- Another embodiment provides interlocking axial ribs on the column surface and tempering device as enlarging the heat transfer surface.
- Fig. Ia shows the first embodiment in the starting position.
- the tempering device 9 (tempering means) is initially switched off at the beginning of the column 2 in the region of the inlet 3, ie the solid
- the bed of sorbent particles is operated as a normal sorption stage at a first temperature Ti.
- the fluid mixture flows through the bed of the sorbent particles in the column 1 at a velocity Vo, whereby the sorbent binds to the sorbent surface of the sorbent bed. This is maintained until a point in time at which the loading front has approached the procedure except for a defined empirically or computationally determined distance.
- the tempering 9 is turned on and the effective range of Temper istsvortechnisch at a speed v H moved up (feed 13).
- the temperature changes to a value T 2 , at which the bound sorptive elutes again, ie desorbed again from the tempered, ie preferably cooled, sorption surface (in the case of the LCST).
- the tempering device moves synchronously with the flow of the fluid mixture in the column in the direction of the flow.
- the feed rate v H corresponds to the flow velocity of vo. This also reduces the amount of mixture to be tempered and thus the energy required for elution (desorption). Due to the agreement between the feed of the tempering agent and the flow velocity, the same liquid compartment is always within the range of influence of the tempering agent, so that after initial heating the tempering agent only has to compensate for the losses due to heat conduction to the sorbent and the column wall. In addition, the concentration of the desorbed sorptive is increased by the reduction of the volume of the heated liquid compartment.
- the flow overtakes the tempering device.
- the flow with portions of the eluted sorptive above and above the tempering device, returns to original temperature sorption areas, resulting in re-sorption of the same sorbent. If the tempering device reaches this area a little later, it will desorb again.
- the amount of sorptive eluted in this case adds up to the sorptive continuously added via the inlet. Repeated succession of this process leads, on the one hand, to the effective separation of substances with different temperature dependence of the sorption equilibrium and, on the other hand, to the formation of a maximum of the sorptive concentration which the tempering device drives through the column and which thus finally appears at the outlet of the column.
- the energy supply required to achieve these frequent sorption and desorption processes is minimized by the local limitation of the temperature control to the area of the tempering device in the aforementioned manner.
- the feed rate v H is between 10 and 110%, more preferably between 30 and 105%, more preferably between 50 and 100% of the flow velocity of vo.
- the aforementioned method allows a continuous feed of fluid mixtures in the column, wherein the eluted sorptive on Column sequence occurs cyclically and in concentrated form and is directed by means of the multi-way valve 6 in the product flow 7.
- FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which a second preferably annular tempering device 11 is placed on the annular tempering device 9 in the tempering means and is connected upstream during operation.
- the second tempering device is a heating element.
- the tempering device is a heating element
- the second tempering device is a cooling element.
- the effective range of the (first) tempering device extends, as in the aforementioned embodiment, to the surface of the sorption surface of the fixed bed column, at which desorption takes place. The effective range is detected in the examples mentioned by the tempering device and corresponds in a first approximation to the area covered by the (first) tempering device (not by the second tempering device) surface area on the fixed bed column.
- a heat insulation 12 arranged between them is provided.
- the second tempering device serves the exact temperature control before desorption and prevents in particular a premature desorption. As a result, the selectivity of the desorption peaks in the process is significantly increased.
- a separation of the sorbent in the product flow 7 by switching the multi-way valve 6 can be carried out much more precisely, which significantly improves a distinct separation.
- the fixed bed column and its supply and discharge lines of the embodiment shown in Figure 3 correspond in basic construction to those of the aforementioned embodiments.
- this embodiment has a fixed on the fixed bed column and non-movable tempering device 14 with a plurality, in the example four fixed and separately controllable (activatable and decatable) Temper istssegmenten 15.
- Tempering segments firmly seated on the fixed-bed column are distinguished from the above-mentioned relative tivbeweglichen Temper michsvorraum characterized in that the heat transfer surfaces between the column and tempering are not movable and thus heat loss by displaceable parts or heat insulation by relatively poor heat conducting sliding surfaces does not take place and consequently a better and thus faster heat coupling between Temper michsvortechnisch and Soprtions- is feasible ,
- the active region extends in each case to the region of the sorption surface below the active tempering segments. It is envisaged that in each case only one or two Temper michssegmente are active at the same time and the remaining Temper michssegmente are not active.
- the means for a displacement of the effective range over the entire sorption surface include a control 16 of the Temper michssegmente 15. By a segment-wise switching through the Temper michssegmente by these means, a shift of the effective range, starting at the beginning of the column towards the end of the column.
- the tempering in particular the second Temper istssegmente 15 (depending on the design cooling or heating segments) not set up on the fixed bed column 1, but, for example. as electrical heating coils (as heating segments) or cooling channels (as cooling segments) in their interior, i. e. to embed in the bed of the sorbent.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200910017749 DE102009017749A1 (de) | 2009-04-22 | 2009-04-22 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur sorptiven Trennung von Stoffgemischen |
| PCT/EP2010/002432 WO2010121792A1 (de) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sorptiven trennung von stoffgemischen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2421624A1 true EP2421624A1 (de) | 2012-02-29 |
| EP2421624B1 EP2421624B1 (de) | 2013-06-12 |
Family
ID=42313484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10719253.6A Active EP2421624B1 (de) | 2009-04-22 | 2010-04-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sorptiven trennung von stoffgemischen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2421624B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102009017749A1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK2421624T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010121792A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108645943B (zh) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-05-05 | 台州市台环环境检测科技有限公司 | 快速加热的气相色谱仪柱箱 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1583180A (de) * | 1966-11-25 | 1969-10-24 | ||
| IL33145A (en) * | 1968-10-15 | 1973-01-30 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Method and apparatus for analysing a chromatographically developed mixture |
| GB1517694A (en) * | 1974-07-03 | 1978-07-12 | Nat Res Dev | Methods and applications of preparative scale chromatography |
| US4378439A (en) | 1978-03-06 | 1983-03-29 | Ici Australia Limited | Purification of saline solutions |
| US5135549A (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-08-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of Southern Illinois University | Chromatographic technique and apparatus |
| US5227598A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-07-13 | General Electric Company | In place regeneration of adsorbents using microwaves |
| AU2781995A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1996-01-19 | Universite De Montreal | Selective removal of volatile substances injected into a chromatographic packing filled column |
| US8105493B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2012-01-31 | Jnc Corporation | Aggregation and dispersion methods of magnetic particles, separation and detection methods using the same and detection kit |
-
2009
- 2009-04-22 DE DE200910017749 patent/DE102009017749A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-04-21 DK DK10719253.6T patent/DK2421624T3/da active
- 2010-04-21 EP EP10719253.6A patent/EP2421624B1/de active Active
- 2010-04-21 WO PCT/EP2010/002432 patent/WO2010121792A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010121792A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK2421624T3 (da) | 2013-09-16 |
| WO2010121792A1 (de) | 2010-10-28 |
| DE102009017749A1 (de) | 2010-10-28 |
| EP2421624B1 (de) | 2013-06-12 |
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