EP2408577B1 - Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool - Google Patents

Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2408577B1
EP2408577B1 EP10713307A EP10713307A EP2408577B1 EP 2408577 B1 EP2408577 B1 EP 2408577B1 EP 10713307 A EP10713307 A EP 10713307A EP 10713307 A EP10713307 A EP 10713307A EP 2408577 B1 EP2408577 B1 EP 2408577B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
forming tool
surface structure
inclination
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP10713307A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2408577A1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Binhack
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Felss Systems GmbH
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Felss GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE202009003703U external-priority patent/DE202009003703U1/en
Priority claimed from DE200910013435 external-priority patent/DE102009013435B4/en
Application filed by Felss GmbH filed Critical Felss GmbH
Priority to PL10713307T priority Critical patent/PL2408577T3/en
Publication of EP2408577A1 publication Critical patent/EP2408577A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
    • B21J7/145—Forging machines working with several hammers the hammers being driven by a rotating annular driving member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/18—Forging machines working with die jaws, e.g. pivoted, movable laterally of the forging or pressing direction, e.g. for swaging

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a forming tool, in particular kneading tool, which has a base body, in which at least one forming element is arranged, which extends inclined at a first angle of inclination to a central axis of the forming tool, whereby an inlet slope of the forming element is fixed.
  • Such a forming tool is from the DE 103 28 052 B4 the applicant and is used for forming, in particular for rotary kneading, of workpieces in a forming machine.
  • Umformtechnikmaschines formed in the so-called feed process as well as the so-called piercing - depending on the first inclination angle of the forming element of the forming tool, which acts on the workpiece in the radial direction - significant forces acting on the workpiece in the axial direction forces.
  • These can disadvantageously lead to damage images on the workpiece, which are in the form of bulges or buckling.
  • the axial force caused by the forming tools adversely affects both the forming machine and the feed system for the workpiece and the clamping device holding the workpiece, since the axial forces generated during the forming process must be compensated by these devices by the aforementioned means.
  • To counteract these axial forces is in the DE 103 28 052 B4 provided that on the surface of the forming of the forming a raised, relief-like and wavy surface structure is provided, which has a plurality of elevations.
  • a forming tool is provided, which is characterized in that the machined with this forming workpieces are characterized by a high surface quality of the machined area.
  • a recessed surface structure is formed in the surface of the obliquely extending under the first tilting forming element, which has at least one recess with a sloping edge, and that the falling edge of this depression, based on the by the first Slope angle defined inlet slope of the reforming element has a second inclination angle, which is oriented opposite to the first inclination angle and whose absolute value is greater than or equal to the absolute value of the first inclination angle.
  • the falling edge is more inclined than the forming element and opposite to its inclination is oriented. This causes the falling edges of the recesses receive an axial force component when hitting radial forming forces on the workpiece, so that the forces acting on the feed device of the forming, caused by the machining process axial forces are reduced.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one depression, but preferably all depressions of the surface structure introduced into the surface of the deformation element, are arranged orthogonally or substantially orthogonally to its longitudinal extent.
  • a further advantageous development of the invention provides that at least two depressions of the surface structure of the forming element of the forming tool according to the invention parallel or substantially parallel to each other run.
  • Such a measure in turn has advantages in view of a low torsional load of the workpiece to be machined by the invention, in particular when provided according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that at least two recesses of the surface structure of at least one Umformelements a substantially rectilinear course have.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least two recesses of the surface structure of the forming tool according to the invention are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal extension of the forming element.
  • a greater torsional load is exerted on the workpiece by the forming tool according to the invention, as is the case with recesses arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal extent of the forming element and thus to the feed direction of the workpiece.
  • the oblique arrangement of the recesses of the surface structure has the advantage that in workpieces in which the torsional load occurring is not disturbing, thereby further reducing the force acting on the feed device and thus opposite to the feed direction of the forming axial forces is achieved.
  • FIG. 4 is now a generally designated 1 round kneading head of a rotary swaging machine, so a tool head of a forming machine, shown, which is known to have a kneading shaft 2 with - in the case shown here - four radially movable kneading modules.
  • Each kneading module has a Knetst Congressel 10 which has at its radially outer end a drain path 4, which are acted upon by mounted in a roller cage 5 pressure rollers 6 periodically by the Knetwelle 2 and / or the roller cage 5 via a Au- ⁇ enring 7 rotationally driven become.
  • the pressure rollers 6 are based here on the outer ring 7.
  • the kneading modules have, in addition to the kneading tappet 10, a compensating plate 11 and in each case the forming tool 12. Such a swaging head 1 is known per se and therefore need not be described in detail.
  • the forming tool 12 can be seen - a arranged in a base body 12 'of the forming tool 12 has Umformelement 21 which is arranged at a defined first inclination angle ⁇ 1 to the central axis M of the forming tool 12 and thus to the feed direction of the workpiece. Also, such a trained forming tool 12 is known per se and therefore need not be described in detail. It is only to be understood that the radial forming force generated by the forming tool, due to the oblique arrangement of the forming elements 21, causes a force acting in the axial direction of the workpiece which loads the workpiece and is fed by a feed device (not shown) ) of the forming machine, through which the workpiece is advanced during the forming process, must be compensated.
  • FIG. 3 now shows a cross section through the in FIG. 2 It can be seen surface 21 'of the forming element 21 of the forming tool 12 and further, that the surface structure 22 is not - as in the above-mentioned known forming tool - on the surface 21 'attached, so executed sublime. Rather, it is provided that the recesses 23 are introduced into the surface 21 'of the forming element 21.
  • the inlet bevel S of the deformation element 21, ie the first inclination angle, ⁇ 1 10 °, relative to the central axis M of the tool.
  • Each of the recesses 23 has a falling edge 23a and a rising edge 23b, wherein - as also out FIG.
  • the sloping flanks 23a of the recesses 23 thus form a kind of abutment for these axial forces and guide them into the forming tool 12:
  • the areas of material of the workpiece lying above the recesses 23 yield, so that then the falling edges 23a of the recesses 23 act on the workpiece in the feed direction.
  • FIG. 3 shown wavy course of the surface structure 22 is not mandatory. It is Z. B. also possible to form the recesses 23 sawtooth, in which case the rectilinear sloping edge 23a of such a sawtooth partially absorbs the axial forces.
  • the surface structure 22 at least one, in practice, however, a plurality of recesses 23, which are preferably parallel or substantially parallel to each other and - again preferably - arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool 12 and thus to the feed direction V of the workpiece are. But it is also possible that at least one of the recesses 23 is not - as shown in the figures - orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool 12 is arranged to extend, but extends obliquely thereto at a defined angle.
  • a forming tool 12 is provided, which is characterized in that a significant reduction of on the workpiece and / or the feed device of the forming machine acting axial forces can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Umformwerkzeug, insbesondere Knetwerkzeug, das einen Grundkörper besitzt, in dem mindestens ein Umformelement angeordnet ist, welches unter einem ersten Neigungswinkel zu einer Mittelachse des Umformwerkzeugs geneigt verläuft, wodurch eine Einlaufschräge des Umformelements festgelegt ist.The invention relates to a forming tool, in particular kneading tool, which has a base body, in which at least one forming element is arranged, which extends inclined at a first angle of inclination to a central axis of the forming tool, whereby an inlet slope of the forming element is fixed.

Ein derartiges Umformwerkzeug ist aus der DE 103 28 052 B4 der Anmelderin bekannt und wird zum Umformen, insbesondere zum Rundkneten, von Werkstücken in einer Umformmaschine verwendet. Bei einem derartigen mittels des bekannten Umformwerkzeugs durchgeführten Umformvorgang entstehen im so genannten Vorschubverfahren als auch beim so genannten Einstechverfahren - abhängig vom ersten Neigungswinkel des Umformelements des Umformwerkzeugs, welches das Werkstück in radialer Richtung beaufschlagt - erhebliche auf das Werkstück in axialer Richtung wirkende Kräfte. Diese können in nachteiliger Art und Weise zu Schadensbildern am Werkstück, die sich in Form von Aufbauchungen oder Knickungen darstellen, führen. Die durch die Umformwerkzeuge hervorgerufene axiale Kraft belastet darüber hinaus in nachteiliger Art und Weise sowohl die Umformmaschine als auch das Vorschubsystem für das Werkstück und die das Werkstück haltende Spanneinrichtung, da durch die vorgenannten Einrichtungen die beim Umformvorgang hervorgerufenen Axialkräfte von diesen Einrichtungen kompensiert werden müssen. Um nun diesen Axialkräften entgegenzuwirken, ist bei der DE 103 28 052 B4 vorgesehen, dass auf der Oberfläche des Umformelements des Umformwerkzeugs eine erhabene, reliefartige und wellenförmige Oberflächenstruktur vorgesehen ist, die eine Vielzahl von Erhebungen aufweist. Durch diese erhabene Oberflächenstruktur auf der Oberfläche des Umformelements wird ein Umformwerkzeug geschaffen, welches sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die mit diesem Umformwerkzeug bearbeiteten Werkstücke sich durch eine hohe Oberflächenqualität des bearbeiteten Bereichs auszeichnen. Wünschenswert ist jedoch eine weitere Verringerung der durch die Axialkräfte beim Umformvorgang auftretenden Belastungen.Such a forming tool is from the DE 103 28 052 B4 the applicant and is used for forming, in particular for rotary kneading, of workpieces in a forming machine. In such by means of the known Forming performed Umformwerkzeugs formed in the so-called feed process as well as the so-called piercing - depending on the first inclination angle of the forming element of the forming tool, which acts on the workpiece in the radial direction - significant forces acting on the workpiece in the axial direction forces. These can disadvantageously lead to damage images on the workpiece, which are in the form of bulges or buckling. In addition, the axial force caused by the forming tools adversely affects both the forming machine and the feed system for the workpiece and the clamping device holding the workpiece, since the axial forces generated during the forming process must be compensated by these devices by the aforementioned means. To counteract these axial forces, is in the DE 103 28 052 B4 provided that on the surface of the forming of the forming a raised, relief-like and wavy surface structure is provided, which has a plurality of elevations. By this raised surface structure on the surface of the forming element, a forming tool is provided, which is characterized in that the machined with this forming workpieces are characterized by a high surface quality of the machined area. However, it is desirable to further reduce the loads caused by the axial forces during the forming process.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Umformwerkzeug der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass durch das erfindungsgemäße Umformwerkzeug eine Verringerung der Axialkräfte erreicht wird.It is an object of the present invention, a forming tool of the type mentioned in such a way that a reduction of the axial forces is achieved by the forming tool according to the invention.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass in der Oberfläche des unter dem ersten Neigungswinkel schräg verlaufenden Umformelements eine vertieft ausgebildete Oberflächenstruktur ausgebildet ist, die mindestens eine Vertiefung mit einer abfallenden Flanke besitzt, und dass die abfallende Flanke dieser Vertiefung, bezogen auf die durch den ersten Neigungswinkel definierte Einlaufschräge des Umformelements, einen zweiten Neigungswinkel aufweist, der zu dem ersten Neigungswinkel entgegengesetzt orientiert und dessen Absolutbetrag größer oder gleich dem Absolutbetrag des ersten Neigungswinkels ist.This object is achieved in that a recessed surface structure is formed in the surface of the obliquely extending under the first tilting forming element, which has at least one recess with a sloping edge, and that the falling edge of this depression, based on the by the first Slope angle defined inlet slope of the reforming element has a second inclination angle, which is oriented opposite to the first inclination angle and whose absolute value is greater than or equal to the absolute value of the first inclination angle.

Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen wird in vorteilhafter Art und Weise erreicht, dass in der Oberfläche des Umformelements mindestens eine, vorzugsweise aber eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen angeordnet sind, deren abfallende Flanke stärker geneigt ist als das Umformelement und entgegengesetzt zu dessen Neigung orientiert ist. Hierdurch wird bewirkt, dass beim Auftreffen von radialen Umformkräften auf das Werkstück die abfallenden Flanken der Vertiefungen eine axiale Kraftkomponente aufnehmen, so dass die auf die Vorschubeinrichtung der Umformmaschine einwirkenden, durch den Bearbeitungsvorgang hervorgerufenen axialen Kräfte verringert werden.By the measures according to the invention is achieved in an advantageous manner that in the surface of the Umformelements at least one, but preferably a plurality of recesses are arranged, the falling edge is more inclined than the forming element and opposite to its inclination is oriented. This causes the falling edges of the recesses receive an axial force component when hitting radial forming forces on the workpiece, so that the forces acting on the feed device of the forming, caused by the machining process axial forces are reduced.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass mindestens eine Vertiefung, vorzugsweise aber alle Vertiefungen der in die Oberfläche des Umformelements eingebrachten Oberflächenstruktur orthogonal oder im wesentlichen orthogonal zu dessen Längserstreckung angeordnet sind. Diese Maßnahmen besitzen den Vorteil, dass eine derartige Anordnung der Vertiefungen der erfindungsgemäßen Oberflächenstruktur bewirkt, dass nur eine äußerst geringe Torsionsbelastung auf das Werkstück aufgebracht wird, welche dadurch entsteht, dass das laufende Umformwerkzeug während des Umformvorgangs sich um das stillstehende Werkstück in Umfangsrichtung dreht. Die orthogonal zur Längserstreckung und somit zur Vorschubrichtung des Werkstücks angeordneten Vertiefungen bewirken daher in vorteilhafter Art und Weise nicht nur geringe Axialkräfte, sondern auch, dass das Umformwerkzeug keine oder nur eine geringe Torsionskraft in das Werkstück einbringt.An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one depression, but preferably all depressions of the surface structure introduced into the surface of the deformation element, are arranged orthogonally or substantially orthogonally to its longitudinal extent. These measures have the advantage that such an arrangement of the recesses of the surface structure according to the invention causes only a very small torsional load is applied to the workpiece, which is created by the fact that the current forming tool rotates around the stationary workpiece in the circumferential direction during the forming process. The orthogonal to the longitudinal extent and thus to the feed direction of the workpiece arranged recesses therefore cause not only low axial forces in an advantageous manner, but also that the forming tool introduces no or only a small torsional force in the workpiece.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass mindestens zwei Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur des Umformelements des erfindungsgemäßen Umformwerkzeugs parallel oder im wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen. Eine derartige Maßnahme besitzt wiederum im Hinblick auf eine geringe Torsionsbelastung des vom erfindungsgemäßen Umformwerkzeugs zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks Vorteile, und zwar insbesondere dann, wenn gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen ist, dass mindestens zwei Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur mindestens eines Umformelements einen im wesentlichen geradlinigen Verlauf besitzen.A further advantageous development of the invention provides that at least two depressions of the surface structure of the forming element of the forming tool according to the invention parallel or substantially parallel to each other run. Such a measure in turn has advantages in view of a low torsional load of the workpiece to be machined by the invention, in particular when provided according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that at least two recesses of the surface structure of at least one Umformelements a substantially rectilinear course have.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass mindestens zwei Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur des erfindungsgemäßen Umformwerkzeugs schräg zur Längserstreckung des Umformelements angeordnet sind. Hierdurch wird zwar auf das Werkstück eine größere Torsionsbelastung durch das erfindungsgemäße Umformwerkzeug ausgeübt, als dies bei orthogonal zur Längserstreckung des Umformelements und somit zur Vorschubrichtung des Werkstücks angeordneten Vertiefungen der Fall ist. Jedoch besitzt die schräge Anordnung der Vertiefungen der Oberflächenstruktur den Vorteil, dass bei Werkstücken, bei denen die auftretende Torsionsbelastung sich nicht störend bemerkbar macht, dadurch eine weitere Reduzierung der auf die Vorschubeinrichtung und somit entgegen derer Vorschubrichtung der Umformmaschine wirkenden Axialkräfte erzielt wird.A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that at least two recesses of the surface structure of the forming tool according to the invention are arranged obliquely to the longitudinal extension of the forming element. As a result, although a greater torsional load is exerted on the workpiece by the forming tool according to the invention, as is the case with recesses arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal extent of the forming element and thus to the feed direction of the workpiece. However, the oblique arrangement of the recesses of the surface structure has the advantage that in workpieces in which the torsional load occurring is not disturbing, thereby further reducing the force acting on the feed device and thus opposite to the feed direction of the forming axial forces is achieved.

Weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung sind dem Ausführungsbeispiel zu entnehmen, das im folgenden anhand der Figuren beschrieben wird. Es zeigt:

Figur 1:
eine Vorderansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels,
Figur 2:
ein Längsschnitt durch das Umformwerkzeug der Figur 1 entlang der Line II-II
Figur 3:
eine schematische Darstellung der Oberflächenstruktur, und
Figur 4:
eine schematische Darstellung eines Werkzeugskopfs einer Rundknetmaschine mit dem Umformwerkzeug der Figuren 1 bis 3.
Further details and advantages of the invention can be taken from the exemplary embodiment, which will be described below with reference to the figures. It shows:
FIG. 1:
a front view of the embodiment,
FIG. 2:
a longitudinal section through the forming tool the FIG. 1 along the line II-II
FIG. 3:
a schematic representation of the surface structure, and
FIG. 4:
a schematic representation of a tool head of a rotary swaging machine with the forming tool of FIGS. 1 to 3 ,

Bevor nun im Detail das in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel eines allgemein mit 12 bezeichneten Umformwerkzeugs beschrieben wird, sollen der leichteren Verständlichkeit halber die grundlegenden Vorgänge bei einem Umformvorgang mittels eines derartigen Umformwerkzeugs beschrieben werden: In Figur 4 ist nun ein allgemein mit 1 bezeichneter Rundknetkopf einer Rundknetmaschine, also ein Werkzeugkopf einer Umformmaschine, dargestellt, der bekanntermaßen eine Knetwelle 2 mit - im hier gezeigten Fall - vier radial verschiebbaren Knetmodulen aufweist. Jedes Knetmodul besitzt einen Knetstößel 10, der an seinem in radialer Richtung äußeren Ende eine Ablaufbahn 4 aufweist, welche von in einem Rollenkäfig 5 gelagerten Druckrollen 6 periodisch beaufschlagt werden, indem die Knetwelle 2 und/oder der Rollenkäfig 5 über einen Au-βenring 7 drehangetrieben werden. Die Druckrollen 6 stützen sich hierbei an dem Außenring 7 ab. Die Knetmodule weisen außer dem Knetstößel 10 noch eine Ausgleichsplatte 11 und jeweils das Umformwerkzeug 12 auf. Ein derartiger Rundknetkopf 1 ist an und für sich bekannt und muss daher nicht mehr näher beschrieben werden.Before now in detail in the FIGS. 1 to 3 For the sake of clarity, the basic operations in a forming operation by means of such a forming tool will be described FIG. 4 is now a generally designated 1 round kneading head of a rotary swaging machine, so a tool head of a forming machine, shown, which is known to have a kneading shaft 2 with - in the case shown here - four radially movable kneading modules. Each kneading module has a Knetstößel 10 which has at its radially outer end a drain path 4, which are acted upon by mounted in a roller cage 5 pressure rollers 6 periodically by the Knetwelle 2 and / or the roller cage 5 via a Au-βenring 7 rotationally driven become. The pressure rollers 6 are based here on the outer ring 7. The kneading modules have, in addition to the kneading tappet 10, a compensating plate 11 and in each case the forming tool 12. Such a swaging head 1 is known per se and therefore need not be described in detail.

Um nun aus einem rohr- oder stabförmigen Ausgangswerkstück ein Endprodukt zu schaffen, welches in einem ersten Bereich weiterhin den nicht-reduzierten Ausgangsdurchmesser des Ausgangswerkstücks, in einem zweiten Bereich einen gegenüber dem Ausgangsdurchmesser durch das Umformen reduzierten Bereich und zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Bereich einen Übergangsbereich aufweist, in dem der Außendurchmesser des Werkstücks kontinuierlich vom reduzierten Durchmesser auf den Ausgangsdurchmesser ansteigt, das also ein in axialer Richtung schräg verlaufender Übergangsbereich bei dem Endwerkstück vorhanden ist, wird bekanntermaßen derart vorgegangen, dass das Umformwerkzeug 12 - wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich - ein in einem Grundkörper 12' des Umformwerkzeugs 12 angeordnetes Umformelement 21 besitzt, das unter einem definierten ersten Neigungswinkel α1 zur Mittelachse M des Umformwerkzeugs 12 und somit zur Vorschubrichtung des Werkstücks angeordnet ist. Auch ein derartig ausgebildetes Umformwerkzeug 12 ist an und für sich bekannt und muss daher nicht mehr näher beschrieben werden. Es soll nur der Verständlichkeit halber ausgeführt werden, dass die radiale Umformkraft, die von dem Umformwerkzeug erzeugt wird, in Folge der schrägen Anordnung der Umformelemente 21 eine in axialer Richtung des Werkstücks wirkende Kraft hervorruft, welche das Werkstück belastet und von einer Vorschubeinrichtung (nicht gezeigt) der Umformmaschine, durch die das Werkstück während des Umformvorgangs vorgeschoben wird, kompensiert werden muss.In order now to create a final product from a tube-shaped or rod-shaped starting workpiece, which in a first region also has the non-reduced starting diameter of the starting workpiece, in a second region a region reduced compared to the starting diameter by the forming and between the first and the second region Transition region in which the outer diameter of the workpiece continuously increases from the reduced diameter to the initial diameter, that is, an axially extending transition region in the end workpiece is present, is known to proceed such that the forming tool 12 - how out FIG. 2 can be seen - a arranged in a base body 12 'of the forming tool 12 has Umformelement 21 which is arranged at a defined first inclination angle α 1 to the central axis M of the forming tool 12 and thus to the feed direction of the workpiece. Also, such a trained forming tool 12 is known per se and therefore need not be described in detail. It is only to be understood that the radial forming force generated by the forming tool, due to the oblique arrangement of the forming elements 21, causes a force acting in the axial direction of the workpiece which loads the workpiece and is fed by a feed device (not shown) ) of the forming machine, through which the workpiece is advanced during the forming process, must be compensated.

Um nun diese Axialkräfte besser kompensieren und somit eine axiale Belastung des Werkstücks, die zu Ausknickungen und Ausbauchungen führen kann, sowie der Vorschubeinrichtung weiter verringern zu können, ist nun beim beschriebenen Umformwerkzeug 12 vorgesehen, dass in die Oberfläche 21' des Umformelements 21 eine gegenüber der Oberfläche 21' vertieft angeordnete Oberflächenstruktur 22 vorgesehen ist, welche mindestens eine Vertiefung 23, in der Regel aber eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen 23, besitzt (siehe dazu Figur 2). Die genaue Ausbildung der Oberflächenstruktur 22 wird nun anhand der Figur 3 erläutert, in der ein exemplarisches Beispiel derselben dargestellt ist. Es muss daher betont werden, dass die dort angegebenen Winkel, Radien und sonstigen Abmessungen sowie der genaue Verlauf der Oberflächenstruktur 22 nur einen exemplarischen Charakter besitzen und die nachfolgende Beschreibung die Allgemeingültigkeit der Erläuterungen nicht beeinträchtigt:In order to better compensate for these axial forces and thus further reduce axial load on the workpiece, which can lead to buckling and bulges, as well as the feed device, it is now provided in the described forming tool 12 that in the surface 21 'of the Umformelements 21 a relation to the Surface 21 'recessed surface structure 22 is provided, which at least one recess 23, but usually a plurality of recesses 23, has (see FIG. 2 ). The exact formation of the surface structure 22 will now be described with reference to FIG FIG. 3 illustrated in which an exemplary example of the same is shown. It must therefore be emphasized that the angles, radii and other dimensions given there as well as the exact course of the surface structure 22 have only an exemplary character and the following description does not affect the generality of the explanations:

Die Figur 3 zeigt nun einen Querschnitt durch die in Figur 2 dargestellte Oberflächenstruktur 22. Man erkennt die Oberfläche 21' des Umformelements 21 des Umformwerkzeugs 12 und des weiteren, dass die Oberflächenstruktur 22 nicht - wie bei dem eingangs erläuterten bekannten Umformwerkzeug - auf die Oberfläche 21' aufgesetzt, also erhaben ausgeführt ist. Vielmehr ist vorgesehen, dass die Vertiefungen 23 in die Oberfläche 21' des Umformelements 21 eingebracht sind. In dem hier beschriebenen Fall ist die Einlaufschräge S des Umformelements 21, also der erste Neigungswinkel, α1 = 10°, bezogen auf die Mittelachse M des Werkzeugs. Jede der Vertiefungen 23 besitzt eine abfallende Flanke 23a und eine ansteigende Flanke 23b, wobei - wie ebenfalls aus Figur 4 ersichtlich - die abfallende Flanke 23a einer Vertiefung 23 gegenüber der Einlaufschräge S um einen zweiten Neigungswinkel von (hier:) α2 = 29° geneigt verläuft. Die Neigung der Flanken 23a gegenüber der Mittelachse M besitzt also den Wert α2-α1. Die Neigung der abfallenden Flanken 23a der Vertiefungen 23 ist entgegengesetzt orientiert zu dem durch den ersten Neigungswinkel α1 festgelegten schrägen Verlauf des Umformelements 21 und der Absolutbetrag des zweiten Neigungswinkels α2 ist hier also größer als derjenige des ersten Neigungswinkels α1 des Umformwerkzeugs 12. Diese entgegengesetzte Orientierung der Neigung des Umformelements 21 und der abfallenden Flanken 23 a der Vertiefungen 23 bewirkt, dass axiale Kräfte, die durch die Knetmodule hervorgerufen werden, teilweise von dem Umformwerkzeug 12 aufgenommen werden und daher nicht mehr auf das Werkstück und/oder die Vorschubeinrichtung der Umformmaschine einwirken, da diese axialen Kräfte von den entgegengesetzt zur Neigung des Umformelements 21 orientiert verlaufenden Flanken 23a aufgenommen werden. Die abfallenden Flanken 23a der Vertiefungen 23 bilden somit eine Art Widerlager für diese axialen Kräfte auf und leiten sie in das Umformwerkzeug 12 ab: Durch die Beaufschlagung des Werkstücks 12 durch die Knetmodule 10 weichen die über den Vertiefungen 23 liegenden Materialbereiche des Werkstücks in diese zurück, so dass dann die abfallenden Flanken 23a der Vertiefungen 23 das Werkstück in Vorschubrichtung beaufschlagen.The FIG. 3 now shows a cross section through the in FIG. 2 It can be seen surface 21 'of the forming element 21 of the forming tool 12 and further, that the surface structure 22 is not - as in the above-mentioned known forming tool - on the surface 21 'attached, so executed sublime. Rather, it is provided that the recesses 23 are introduced into the surface 21 'of the forming element 21. In the case described here, the inlet bevel S of the deformation element 21, ie the first inclination angle, α 1 = 10 °, relative to the central axis M of the tool. Each of the recesses 23 has a falling edge 23a and a rising edge 23b, wherein - as also out FIG. 4 can be seen - the falling edge 23a of a recess 23 with respect to the inlet slope S by a second inclination angle of (here :) α 2 = 29 ° inclined. The inclination of the flanks 23a relative to the central axis M thus has the value α 2 -α 1. The inclination of the falling flanks 23a of the recesses 23 is oriented opposite to the oblique course of the deformation element 21 defined by the first inclination angle α 1 and the absolute value of the second Inclination angle α 2 is here so greater than that of the first inclination angle α 1 of the forming tool 12. This opposite orientation of the inclination of the Umformelements 21 and the falling edges 23 a of the recesses 23 causes axial forces caused by the kneading modules, partially from the forming tool 12 are received and therefore no longer act on the workpiece and / or the feed device of the forming machine, since these axial forces are absorbed by the opposite to the inclination of the forming element 21 oriented extending flanks 23a. The sloping flanks 23a of the recesses 23 thus form a kind of abutment for these axial forces and guide them into the forming tool 12: By subjecting the workpiece 12 through the kneading modules 10, the areas of material of the workpiece lying above the recesses 23 yield, so that then the falling edges 23a of the recesses 23 act on the workpiece in the feed direction.

Dem Fachmann ist aus obiger Beschreibung klar ersichtlich, dass die hier beispielhaft gewählten Werte des ersten Neigungswinkels von α1 = 10° und des zweiten Neigungswinkels α2 = 29° nur einen exemplarischen Charakter besitzen. Wesentlich ist nur, dass die Flanken 23a derart gegenüber der Einlaufschräge S abfallen, dass der Absolutwert des zweiten Neigungswinkels α2 größer oder gleich dem Absolutwert des ersten Neigungswinkels α1 ist.It is clear to the person skilled in the art from the above description that the values of the first inclination angle of α 1 = 10 ° and of the second inclination angle α 2 = 29 ° selected here by way of example only have an exemplary character. It is only essential that the flanks 23a drop off in relation to the inlet slope S in this way, in that the absolute value of the second inclination angle α 2 is greater than or equal to the absolute value of the first inclination angle α 1 .

An dieser Stelle soll auch angemerkt werden, dass der in Figur 3 gezeigte wellenförmige Verlauf der Oberflächenstruktur 22 nicht zwingend ist. Es ist z. B. auch möglich, die Vertiefungen 23 sägezahnförmig auszubilden, wobei dann die geradlinig verlaufende abfallende Flanke 23a eines derartigen Sägezahns die axialen Kräfte teilweise aufnimmt.At this point it should also be noted that the in FIG. 3 shown wavy course of the surface structure 22 is not mandatory. It is Z. B. also possible to form the recesses 23 sawtooth, in which case the rectilinear sloping edge 23a of such a sawtooth partially absorbs the axial forces.

Wie nun aus der Figur 2 ersichtlicht ist, weist die Oberflächenstruktur 22 wenigstens eine, in der Praxis aber eine Vielzahl von Vertiefungen 23 auf, die vorzugsweise parallel oder im wesentlichen parallel zueinander und - wiederum vorzugsweise - im wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsrichtung des Umformwerkzeugs 12 und somit zur Vorschubrichtung V des Werkstücks angeordnet sind. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass mindestens eine der Vertiefungen 23 nicht - wie in den Figuren gezeigt - orthogonal zur Längsrichtung des Umformwerkzeugs 12 verlaufend angeordnet ist, sondern in einem definierten Winkel hierzu schräg verläuft.How now from the FIG. 2 is visible, the surface structure 22 at least one, in practice, however, a plurality of recesses 23, which are preferably parallel or substantially parallel to each other and - again preferably - arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool 12 and thus to the feed direction V of the workpiece are. But it is also possible that at least one of the recesses 23 is not - as shown in the figures - orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool 12 is arranged to extend, but extends obliquely thereto at a defined angle.

Zusammenfassend ist festzuhalten, dass durch die beschriebene Ausgestaltung des Umformwerkzeugs 12 mit einer vertieft angeordneten Oberflächenstruktur 22 in Verbindung mit der beschriebenen Ausbildung der Vertiefungen 23 und insbesondere derjenigen der abfallenden Flanken 23a ein Umformwerkzeug 12 geschaffen wird, welches sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass eine deutliche Verringerung der auf das Werkstück und/oder die Vorschubeinrichtung der Umformmaschine einwirkenden Axialkräfte erzielbar ist.In summary, it should be noted that by the described embodiment of the forming tool 12 with a recessed surface structure 22 in conjunction with the described configuration of the recesses 23 and in particular those of the sloping flanks 23a, a forming tool 12 is provided, which is characterized in that a significant reduction of on the workpiece and / or the feed device of the forming machine acting axial forces can be achieved.

Claims (9)

  1. Forming tool, in particular a swaging tool, having a base body (12'), in which at least one forming element (21) is provided, which is inclined at a first angle of inclination (α1) to a central axis (M) of the forming tool (12), thereby determining an intake slope (S) of the forming element (21), characterized in that in the surface (21') of the forming element (21) being inclined with the first angle of inclination (α1) a recessed surface structure (22) is formed, having at least one recess (23) with a declining slope (23a), and that the declining face (23a) of this recess (23) hast got, in relation to the intake slope (S) of the forming element (21) defined by the first angle of inclination (α1), a second angle of inclination (α2), which is orientated in the opposite direction with regard to the first angle of inclination (α1) and the absolute value of which is larger than or equal to the absolute value of the first angle of inclination (α1).
  2. Forming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface structure (22) is formed wave-like.
  3. Forming tool according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one recess (23) is formed saw tooth-like.
  4. Forming tool according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least two recesses (23) of the surface structure (22) of at least one forming element (21) of the forming tool (22) are arranged essentially parallel to each other.
  5. Forming tool according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one recess (23) of the surface structure (22) of at least one forming element (21) of the forming tool (12) is provided essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool (12).
  6. Forming tool according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one recess (23) of the surface structure (22) of at least one forming element (21) of the forming tool (12) runs essentially straight in a direction orthogonal to the feed direction (V) of the work piece.
  7. Forming tool according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one recess (23) of the surface structure (22) of at least one forming element (21) of the forming tool (12) is formed curved or wave-like.
  8. Forming tool according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that at least one recess (23) of the surface structure (22) of at least one forming element (21) of the forming tool (12) is arranged angled to the longitudinal direction of the forming tool (12).
  9. Forming machine, in particular a swaging machine, having a forming tool (12) for radially impacting a work piece, characterized by a forming tool (12) according to one of the previous claims.
EP10713307A 2009-03-18 2010-03-18 Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool Revoked EP2408577B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10713307T PL2408577T3 (en) 2009-03-18 2010-03-18 Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202009003703U DE202009003703U1 (en) 2009-03-18 2009-03-18 Forming tool, in particular kneading tool
DE200910013435 DE102009013435B4 (en) 2009-03-18 2009-03-18 kneading tool
PCT/EP2010/001700 WO2010105826A1 (en) 2009-03-18 2010-03-18 Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2408577A1 EP2408577A1 (en) 2012-01-25
EP2408577B1 true EP2408577B1 (en) 2012-12-12

Family

ID=42244541

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10713307A Revoked EP2408577B1 (en) 2009-03-18 2010-03-18 Forming tool, in particular a kneading tool

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20120060577A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2408577B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2012520772A (en)
KR (1) KR20120004453A (en)
CN (1) CN102413959B (en)
AU (1) AU2010225136A1 (en)
DK (1) DK2408577T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2408577T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2010105826A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6340293B2 (en) * 2014-09-11 2018-06-06 株式会社三五 Manufacturing method for hollow products

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1430974A (en) * 1920-07-19 1922-10-03 Frick William Swaging machine
US3672203A (en) * 1971-02-08 1972-06-27 Marvin R Anderson Tooth forming tool
JPS5214759Y2 (en) * 1972-09-29 1977-04-02
DE2854510A1 (en) * 1978-12-16 1980-06-26 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Rolling down bars by means of conical rollers - which have circumferential longitudinal ridges to prevent slip
US4362045A (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-12-07 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Tooth forming tools
JPH0790318B2 (en) * 1987-04-30 1995-10-04 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Width reduction press mold
JP2557704Y2 (en) * 1991-06-10 1997-12-17 住友金属工業株式会社 Mold for slab width reduction press
CN1135385A (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-11-13 吉田桂一郎 Swage processing method and swager for use in high-speed production
DE19742819C2 (en) * 1997-09-27 1999-08-19 Felss Geb Feed device for a forming device, in particular a cold forming device such as a rotary kneading device
JP2003126938A (en) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Sango Co Ltd Rotary swaging machine and die therefor
DE10328052B4 (en) * 2003-06-23 2006-08-24 Felss Gmbh Forming tool, in particular kneading tool
DE20309632U1 (en) * 2003-06-23 2003-09-18 Felss GmbH, 75203 Königsbach-Stein Tool for kneading metal bar material into rounded profile has a die section with a sloping profile with transverse grooves and ridges to grip the bar
US7814630B2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2010-10-19 Ethicon, Inc. Apparatus and method for swaging needles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102413959A (en) 2012-04-11
DK2408577T3 (en) 2013-03-18
AU2010225136A1 (en) 2011-11-10
CN102413959B (en) 2014-03-12
EP2408577A1 (en) 2012-01-25
US20120060577A1 (en) 2012-03-15
PL2408577T3 (en) 2013-08-30
KR20120004453A (en) 2012-01-12
WO2010105826A1 (en) 2010-09-23
JP2012520772A (en) 2012-09-10

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