EP2406854A1 - Vhf/uhf broadband dual channel antenna - Google Patents

Vhf/uhf broadband dual channel antenna

Info

Publication number
EP2406854A1
EP2406854A1 EP10705349A EP10705349A EP2406854A1 EP 2406854 A1 EP2406854 A1 EP 2406854A1 EP 10705349 A EP10705349 A EP 10705349A EP 10705349 A EP10705349 A EP 10705349A EP 2406854 A1 EP2406854 A1 EP 2406854A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
band
coaxial cable
antenna element
operate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10705349A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2406854B1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Ngo Bui Hung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Priority to PL10705349T priority Critical patent/PL2406854T3/en
Publication of EP2406854A1 publication Critical patent/EP2406854A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2406854B1 publication Critical patent/EP2406854B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/35—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using two or more simultaneously fed points

Definitions

  • the object of the invention relates to dual-channel broadband antennas for applications where the congestion parameter is predominant.
  • it targets antennas whose working frequencies are in the VHF and UHF bands commonly known as
  • Two-channel antenna means an antenna made up of at least two radiating elements which are powered separately by means of two channels. These radiating elements can be activated simultaneously in some cases in the two frequency bands or alternately.
  • Patent EP 0 851 532 (FIG. 1) describes a double antenna according to the prior art, in particular for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a ground plane pierced with an orifice, with one side of the plane mass the space outside the vehicle and on the other side a protected area; a coaxial cable 2 passes through the orifice, with a first end in the space outside the vehicle and a second end in the protected space, the cable forming turns 22 between the orifice and its second end; a connection between the outer conductor of the cable and the ground plane at the second end; a dipole-type radiating element 1 connected to be powered at the first end of the cable; a transformer composed of a magnetic core 5, and the turns 22, the secondary includes the outer conductor turns, an impedance 6 equal to the characteristic impedance of the cable, two power cables 8a, 8b.
  • the core of the cable 8a is connected to the point P lying on the outer braid of the coaxial cable portion forming the turns 22 and intended to convey the RF signals of the VHF band or low band for the application.
  • the coaxial 8b has its core connected to that of the coaxial cable 2 through the duplexer 9 and carries the RF signals of the UHF band designated as the high band.
  • the supply of the low band is done by the braid of the coaxial cable 2.
  • the antennal elements consist of monopole and dipole.
  • US 5 31 1 201 discloses an antenna capable of operating in the AM / FM radio broadcast bands and also in the higher frequency band reserved for the mobile radio. This antenna has two access ports for the vehicle intended for the reception of the AM / FM broadcast radio only and the reception / reception of the UHF (GSM) radio telephone band has the disadvantage of only providing reception on one of the channels.
  • GSM UHF
  • One of the objectives of the invention is to provide an antenna adapted to be used for dual-channel portable radiocommunication applications and to have a compact antennal structure, while having a high efficiency and sufficient channel isolation in a wide band of frequencies at least one octave, for simultaneous operation invariably on both channels in transmission and / or reception.
  • the object of the invention relates to a compact dual-channel antenna operating at least in two frequency bands a high band [F S up- ⁇ , F sup2 ] and a low band [F in ⁇ , F in f2] characterized in that it comprises at least the following elements:
  • a coaxial cable set to a reference mass (M) comprising a core and a braid, an antenna element adapted to operate in the high frequency band [F sup i, F SU p 2 ], having a length L in f ,
  • the so-called high frequency frequency band is, for example, the UHF band [225-520 MHz] and the so-called low frequency band is the VHF band [30-88 MHz].
  • the length L in f may be substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency F MOY of the high band.
  • the antennal element adapted to operate in the low band consists of a monofilar element disposed in the extension of the core of the coaxial and the cons-skirt.
  • the coaxial cable passes through the reference ground plane M and is extended above the reference ground plane M by a height L UHF equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency FMOY of the high band [ F sup i, F sup2 ].
  • the supply of the Low Band is deported to achieve a better known feed under the abbreviation Anglo-Saxon "center-fed”.
  • the radiating elements constituting the antenna are, for example, elements of monopole type.
  • the coaxial cable being wound around a magnetic element to form a winding, it further comprises a low-pass element (38) adapted to connect the point of the braid of the coaxial cable constituting the end of said winding to ground M.
  • the core of the coaxial cable is, for example, connected to the monofilar strand through a broadband matching cell.
  • the signals of the Low Band are conveyed by the soul of the coaxial.
  • the antennal structure according to the invention is a compact structure intended in particular for portable type applications.
  • the overall size of the antennal structure is minimized while maintaining high efficiency and sufficient channel isolation.
  • the invention makes it possible, in particular, to use only radiating elements of the monopole type, for the high band and the low band, unlike the patents EP 0 851 532 or US Pat. 1 201 which call for the high band to a dipole type structure.
  • Another advantage of the invention is to avoid the unbalance effect generated by the position at the top of the antenna of the dipole element for the high band described in the aforementioned patents.
  • FIG. 1 the diagram of a two-channel antenna according to the prior art
  • FIG. 2A an example of a structure for the antenna according to the invention
  • FIG. 2B a simplified block diagram of the antenna with its connection with a connector
  • the idea of the present invention for forming a compact size antenna rests notably on the implementation of a radiating element of the monopole type and on the fact of exciting it, over its entire length for the low band (VHF ) corresponding to the frequency interval [ ⁇ F in, F ⁇ ] and only over a portion of its length to the high band (UHF) corresponding to the frequency interval [F SUP1, F sup2] frequency bands in which the compact antenna is intended to operate.
  • VHF low band
  • UHF high band
  • the description also concerns antennas that can operate simultaneously on the two UHF, VHF, UHF and VHF channels, and vice versa, or on both channels simultaneously. in transmission simultaneously.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B show an antenna intended to operate in the VHF frequency band: 30-88 MHZ and the UHF frequency band: 225-520 MHz.
  • FIG. 2A is a simplified description of an example of an antenna structure according to the invention comprising a VHF radiating element.
  • Fig. 2B shows in detail, an example of an antenna having an antenna structure similar to the structure of Fig. 2A.
  • a radome 25, preferably made of flexible material, is arranged around the antenna elements 20 and 21 to protect them.
  • a coaxial cable 26 consisting of a core 28 surrounded by a braid 26a or sheath is wound around a magnetic core 27a to constitute the winding 27b of a transformer, the assembly is arranged in a miniaturized box referenced B.
  • the core 28 of the coaxial cable 26 is extended above the height L UHF by a single wire element 29 of length L fN.
  • the choice of material and the length L fH are determined, for example, by the operational requirements. It is thus possible to use for the example given a length ranging from 280 mm to 750 mm for L fi .
  • a plug P is formed on the winding 27b to form the input of the high band and the second output S of the core of the coaxial that of the low band.
  • the coaxial cable is grounded at point S.
  • a counter skirt 30 is added to the coaxial cable 26 and forms the radiating element 21 in the high band.
  • the portion supplied with VHF corresponds substantially to the entire height of the antenna, that is to say the element 29 plus the portion of the coaxial corresponding to the height L UHF of the antenna element 21 plus the counter skirt 30.
  • Such a radiating structure with the feed point offset relative to the reference ground plane is commonly called by the skilled person "monopole handle”.
  • this counter-skirt 30 behaves like a charge inductance placed in series with the monofilar strand 29 to form a self-charged handle monopole, the assembly 29 and 30 forming the radiating element in the low band.
  • This skirt 30 may be completed by other devices known to those skilled in the art and not shown to facilitate understanding of the antenna according to the invention to increase the insulation.
  • adaptation cells 31, 32 broadband and known to those skilled in the art are interposed between the access points and the connectors of the antenna.
  • the length L sup or L V HF is for example in the range [500, 1000] mm.
  • the length LUHF corresponding to the coaxial cable protruding above the reference ground element M is for example equal to 220 mm.
  • the choice of lengths L V HF, LuHF is defined with respect to the desired compactness of the antenna.
  • the choice of the lengths is made by first determining the LUHF length as a function of the desired frequencies for the operation of the antenna and the desired size, that is to say with respect to a total length of antenna respect to L
  • the length L V HF to the antennal element for low frequencies will be determined by the remaining available space whereas the two lengths L and LuHF to Dust- the power supply of antennal elements s' performs as follows:
  • the signals of the high band are transmitted via the braid of the sheath of the coaxial cable 26 forming the coil 27b through the adaptation cell 31 and a stitching point or P.
  • the supply of the VHF channel is via the inside of the coil 27b, via the core 28 of the coaxial cable 26 through the adaptation cell 32.
  • the coil 27b and the supply circuit are grounded at points 35 and 36.
  • the radome 25 is, for example, made of dielectric material transparent to electromagnetic waves. It keeps the radiating elements in a vertical position and makes them integral with the supply circuit. It also has some flexibility to not hurt the user in operational configuration.
  • the power supply circuit 23 is arranged in a miniaturized housing B making the antenna assembly compact enough to be associated with portable radio equipment of the walkie-talkie type.
  • the two antennal elements can operate both in transmission, simultaneously. It is also possible that one of the two elements operate in transmission, while the other operates in reception. Both can also work in reception.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention. It consists in connecting the core 28 to the monofilar strand 29 through a broadband adaptation cell 37 whose different possible structures are known to those skilled in the art and which is not detailed here.
  • This adaptation cell has the particular function of improving the performance of the antenna.
  • Another variant is to ground the foot of the antenna for the signals of the low band. It consists in connecting at the end of the winding 27b, the point 39 of the braid of the coaxial cable 26 to the ground via a low-pass element 38 not detailed here. This variant improves the insulation between the two channels.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a compact dual channel antenna that operates in at least two frequency bands, characterised in that said antenna comprises at least the following elements: a coaxial cable (26) connected to a reference ground (M); an antenna element (21) adapted to operate in the high frequency band [Fsup1, Fsup2], and having a length Linf; a counter-skirt (30) having a length substantially corresponding to Linf and provided about said antenna element (21), said surrounded antenna element (21) being arranged between the ground (M) plane and an antenna element (29) adapted to operate in the low frequency band [Finf1, Finf2]; wherein the assembly (20) has a length Lsup adapted to operate in the low frequency band [Finf1, Finf2], and includes the antenna element (29) and the counter-skirt (30) and is powered via the core (28) of said coaxial cable (26) surrounding a magnetic element (27a) in order to form a winding (27b); and said antenna element (21) is powered via a braid (26a) of the sheath of said coaxial cable (26).

Description

Antenne bi-voie large bande VHF-UHF VHF-UHF wideband dual-channel antenna
L'objet de l'invention concerne les antennes bi-voie, large bande, pour des applications où le paramètre d'encombrement est prédominant. Elle vise en particulier, les antennes dont les fréquences de travail se situent dans la bande des ondes métriques et décimétriques couramment appeléesThe object of the invention relates to dual-channel broadband antennas for applications where the congestion parameter is predominant. In particular, it targets antennas whose working frequencies are in the VHF and UHF bands commonly known as
VHF et UHF abréviation anglo-saxonne de « Very High Frequency » etVHF and UHF abbreviation Anglo-Saxon "Very High Frequency" and
« Ultra High Frequency ». Les valeurs pour ces bandes de fréquence sont, par exemple, pour la bande VHF désignée bande basse: 30-88 MHz, et pour la bande UHF désignée bande haute: 225-520 MHz."Ultra High Frequency". The values for these frequency bands are, for example, for the VHF band designated low band: 30-88 MHz, and for the UHF band designated high band: 225-520 MHz.
Par antenne bi-voie, il faut entendre une antenne faite d'au moins deux éléments rayonnants qui sont alimentés séparément au moyen de deux voies. Ces éléments rayonnants peuvent être activés simultanément dans certains cas dans les deux bandes de fréquence ou bien en alternance.Two-channel antenna means an antenna made up of at least two radiating elements which are powered separately by means of two channels. These radiating elements can be activated simultaneously in some cases in the two frequency bands or alternately.
II est connu de réaliser une antenne double avec un élément rayonnant de type unipolaire adapté pour les basses fréquences, surmonté d'un élément rayonnant de type dipôle adapté pour les hautes fréquences et alimenté à travers l'élément rayonnant de type unipolaire. La plupart des antennes de ce type, fonctionnent dans une bande de fréquences qui est insuffisante pour certaines applications.It is known to produce a double antenna with a radiating element of unipolar type adapted for low frequencies, surmounted by a radiating element of dipole type adapted for high frequencies and fed through the radiating element of unipolar type. Most antennas of this type operate in a frequency band that is insufficient for some applications.
Le brevet EP 0 851 532 (figure 1 ) décrit une antenne double selon l'art antérieur, en particulier, pour véhicule, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un plan de masse percé d'un orifice, avec d'un côté du plan de masse l'espace extérieur au véhicule et de l'autre côté un espace protégé ; un câble coaxial 2 traverse l'orifice, avec une première extrémité dans l'espace extérieur au véhicule et une seconde extrémité dans l'espace protégé, le câble formant des spires 22 entre l'orifice et sa seconde extrémité ; une liaison entre le conducteur externe du câble et le plan de masse au niveau de la seconde extrémité ; un élément rayonnant de type dipôle 1 connecté pour être alimenté, à la première extrémité du câble ; un transformateur composé d'un noyau magnétique 5, et les spires 22 dont le secondaire comporte le conducteur externe des spires, une impédance 6 de valeur égale à l'impédance caractéristique du câble, deux câbles d'alimentation 8a, 8b. L'âme du câble 8a est connecté au point P se situant sur la tresse externe de la portion de câble coaxial formant les spires 22 et destinée à véhiculer les signaux RF de la bande VHF ou bande basse pour l'application. Le coaxial 8b a, par contre, son âme reliée à celle du câble coaxial 2 à travers le duplexeur 9 et véhicule les signaux RF de la bande UHF désignée comme bande haute. L'alimentation de la Bande Basse se fait par la tresse du câble coaxial 2. Les éléments antennaires sont constitués de monopôle et de dipôle.Patent EP 0 851 532 (FIG. 1) describes a double antenna according to the prior art, in particular for a vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a ground plane pierced with an orifice, with one side of the plane mass the space outside the vehicle and on the other side a protected area; a coaxial cable 2 passes through the orifice, with a first end in the space outside the vehicle and a second end in the protected space, the cable forming turns 22 between the orifice and its second end; a connection between the outer conductor of the cable and the ground plane at the second end; a dipole-type radiating element 1 connected to be powered at the first end of the cable; a transformer composed of a magnetic core 5, and the turns 22, the secondary includes the outer conductor turns, an impedance 6 equal to the characteristic impedance of the cable, two power cables 8a, 8b. The core of the cable 8a is connected to the point P lying on the outer braid of the coaxial cable portion forming the turns 22 and intended to convey the RF signals of the VHF band or low band for the application. On the other hand, the coaxial 8b has its core connected to that of the coaxial cable 2 through the duplexer 9 and carries the RF signals of the UHF band designated as the high band. The supply of the low band is done by the braid of the coaxial cable 2. The antennal elements consist of monopole and dipole.
L'un des inconvénients d'une telle antenne est qu'elle n'est pas adaptée de par sa taille à des applications de type portatif, pour lesquelles le couple (encombrement, rendement) est un facteur primordial. Le brevet US 5 31 1 201 décrit une antenne capable de fonctionner dans les bandes de radio diffusion AM/FM et aussi dans la bande de fréquence plus élevée réservée à la radio mobile. Cette antenne à deux accès pour véhicule destinée à la réception seule de la radio diffusion AM/FM et rémission-réception de la bande de radio téléphone UHF (GSM) présente comme inconvénient de n'assurer que la réception sur une des voies.One of the disadvantages of such an antenna is that it is not adapted in size to portable type applications, for which torque (bulk, efficiency) is a major factor. US 5 31 1 201 discloses an antenna capable of operating in the AM / FM radio broadcast bands and also in the higher frequency band reserved for the mobile radio. This antenna has two access ports for the vehicle intended for the reception of the AM / FM broadcast radio only and the reception / reception of the UHF (GSM) radio telephone band has the disadvantage of only providing reception on one of the channels.
L'un des objectifs de l'invention est de fournir une antenne adaptée à être utilisée pour des applications de radiocommunication portatif bi-voies et de disposer d'une structure antennaire compacte, tout en présentant un rendement élevé et une isolation entre voie suffisante dans une large bande de fréquences au moins un octave, pour un fonctionnement simultané invariablement sur les deux voies en émission et/ou en réception.One of the objectives of the invention is to provide an antenna adapted to be used for dual-channel portable radiocommunication applications and to have a compact antennal structure, while having a high efficiency and sufficient channel isolation in a wide band of frequencies at least one octave, for simultaneous operation invariably on both channels in transmission and / or reception.
L'objet de l'invention concerne une antenne bi-voie compacte fonctionnant au moins dans deux bandes de fréquence une bande haute [FSup-ι, Fsup2] et une bande basse [Finπ, Finf2] caractérisé en ce qu'elle comporte au moins les éléments suivants :The object of the invention relates to a compact dual-channel antenna operating at least in two frequency bands a high band [F S up-ι, F sup2 ] and a low band [F in π, F in f2] characterized in that it comprises at least the following elements:
• un câble coaxial mis à une masse (M) de référence comportant une âme et une tresse, « Un élément antennaire adapté à fonctionner dans la bande haute de fréquence [Fsupi, FSUp2], ayant une longueur Linf,A coaxial cable set to a reference mass (M) comprising a core and a braid, an antenna element adapted to operate in the high frequency band [F sup i, F SU p 2 ], having a length L in f ,
• Une contre-jupe de longueur correspondant sensiblement à Linf et disposée autour dudit élément antennaire, ledit élément antennaire ainsi entourée étant placé entre le plan de masse de référence (M) et un élément antennaire adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse fréquence [Finf1, Finf2],• A counter-skirt of length substantially corresponding to L inf and disposed around said antenna element, said antenna element thus surrounded being placed between the reference ground plane (M) and an antenna element adapted to operate in the low frequency band [F inf1 , F inf2 ],
• l'ensemble composé de l'élément antennaire et de la contre-jupe, ayant une longueur Lsup! est alimenté via l'âme dudit coaxial, ledit ensemble étant adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse fréquence [Fjnfi , Fjnf2],• the set consisting of antennal element and cons-skirt, having a length L sup! is fed via the core of said coaxial, said assembly being adapted to operate in the low frequency band [Fjnfi, Fjnf2],
• Ledit élément antennaire étant alimenté via l'extérieur de la tresse dudit coaxial, au niveau d'un point de piquage, P,• Said antenna element being fed via the outside of the braid of said coaxial, at a stitching point, P,
• deux cellules d'adaptation large bande, et en ce que • le câble coaxial est enroulé autour d'un élément magnétique pour constituer un bobinage,Two broadband adaptation cells, and in that the coaxial cable is wound around a magnetic element to constitute a winding,
• les signaux de la bande haute UHF sont transmis via la tresse du coaxial formant le bobinage à travers la cellule d'adaptation et le point de piquage ou prise P, • l'alimentation de la voie basse VHF se fait via l'intérieur du bobinage par l'intermédiaire de l'âme du câble coaxial à travers la cellule d'adaptation.• the UHF high band signals are transmitted via the coaxial braid forming the winding through the matching cell and the point of tap or tap P, • the supply of the VHF low channel is via the inside of the winding through the core of the coaxial cable through the matching cell.
La bande de fréquence dite haute fréquence est, par exemple, la bande UHF [225-520 MHz] et la bande dite basse fréquence est la bande VHF [30-88MHz]. La longueur Linf peut être sensiblement égale au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence moyenne géométrique FMOY de la bande haute.The so-called high frequency frequency band is, for example, the UHF band [225-520 MHz] and the so-called low frequency band is the VHF band [30-88 MHz]. The length L in f may be substantially equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency F MOY of the high band.
L'élément antennaire adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse est constitué d'un élément monofilaire disposé dans le prolongement de l'âme du coaxial et de la contre-jupe.The antennal element adapted to operate in the low band consists of a monofilar element disposed in the extension of the core of the coaxial and the cons-skirt.
Le câble coaxial traverse le plan de masse de référence M et est prolongé au-dessus du plan de masse de référence M d'une hauteur LUHF égale au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence moyenne géométrique FMOY de la bande haute [Fsupi, Fsup2]. L'alimentation de la Bande Basse est déportée pour réaliser une alimentation plus connue sous l'abréviation anglo- saxonne « center-fed ».The coaxial cable passes through the reference ground plane M and is extended above the reference ground plane M by a height L UHF equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency FMOY of the high band [ F sup i, F sup2 ]. The supply of the Low Band is deported to achieve a better known feed under the abbreviation Anglo-Saxon "center-fed".
Les éléments rayonnants constituant l'antenne sont, par exemple, des éléments de type monopôle. Le câble coaxial étant enroulé autour d'un élément magnétique pour constituer un bobinage, elle comporte en plus un élément passe-bas (38) adapté à connecter le point de la tresse du câble coaxial constituant la fin dudit bobinage à la masse M.The radiating elements constituting the antenna are, for example, elements of monopole type. The coaxial cable being wound around a magnetic element to form a winding, it further comprises a low-pass element (38) adapted to connect the point of the braid of the coaxial cable constituting the end of said winding to ground M.
L'âme du câble coaxial est, par exemple, reliée au brin monofilaire à travers une cellule d'adaptation large bande. Les signaux de la Bande Basse sont véhiculés par l'âme du coaxial.The core of the coaxial cable is, for example, connected to the monofilar strand through a broadband matching cell. The signals of the Low Band are conveyed by the soul of the coaxial.
La structure antennaire selon l'invention est une structure compacte destinée notamment à des applications de type portatif. La taille hors tout de la structure antennaire est réduite au maximum tout en conservant un rendement élevé et une isolation entre voies suffisante.The antennal structure according to the invention is a compact structure intended in particular for portable type applications. The overall size of the antennal structure is minimized while maintaining high efficiency and sufficient channel isolation.
Afin de réduire au maximum la taille de l'antenne, l'invention permet notamment de ne mettre en œuvre que des éléments rayonnants de type monopôle, pour la bande haute et la bande basse, contrairement aux brevets EP 0 851 532 ou US 5 31 1 201 qui font appel pour la bande haute à une structure de type dipôle. Un autre avantage de l'invention est d'éviter l'effet de balourd engendré par la position au sommet de l'antenne de l'élément dipôle destiné à la bande haute décrit dans les brevets précités.In order to minimize the size of the antenna, the invention makes it possible, in particular, to use only radiating elements of the monopole type, for the high band and the low band, unlike the patents EP 0 851 532 or US Pat. 1 201 which call for the high band to a dipole type structure. Another advantage of the invention is to avoid the unbalance effect generated by the position at the top of the antenna of the dipole element for the high band described in the aforementioned patents.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages du dispositif selon l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation donné à titre illustratif et nullement limitatif annexé des figures qui représentent :Other features and advantages of the device according to the invention will appear better on reading the description which follows of an example of embodiment given by way of illustration and in no way limiting attached to the figures which represent:
• La figure 1 , le schéma d'une antenne bi-voie selon l'art antérieur,FIG. 1, the diagram of a two-channel antenna according to the prior art,
• La figure 2A, un exemple de structure pour l'antenne selon l'invention et la figure 2B, un synoptique simplifié de l'antenne avec sa liaison avec un connecteur, etFIG. 2A, an example of a structure for the antenna according to the invention and FIG. 2B, a simplified block diagram of the antenna with its connection with a connector, and
• La figure 3 une variante de l'invention.• Figure 3 a variant of the invention.
L'idée de la présente invention pour former une antenne compacte en taille repose notamment sur la mise en œuvre d'un élément rayonnant de type monopôle et sur le fait de l'exciter, sur la totalité de sa longueur pour la bande basse (VHF) correspondant à l'intervalle de fréquence [Finπ, F^] et uniquement sur une partie de sa longueur pour la bande haute (UHF) correspondant à l'intervalle de fréquence [Fsup1, Fsup2], bandes de fréquences dans lesquelles l'antenne compacte est destinée à fonctionner.The idea of the present invention for forming a compact size antenna rests notably on the implementation of a radiating element of the monopole type and on the fact of exciting it, over its entire length for the low band (VHF ) corresponding to the frequency interval [π F in, F ^] and only over a portion of its length to the high band (UHF) corresponding to the frequency interval [F SUP1, F sup2] frequency bands in which the compact antenna is intended to operate.
La description concerne aussi bien des antennes pouvant fonctionner en émission simultanément sur les deux voies UHF, VHF, ou encore en émission sur la voie UHF et en réception sur la voie VHF, et réciproquement, ou encore sur les deux voies en réception simultanément ou encore en émission simultanément.The description also concerns antennas that can operate simultaneously on the two UHF, VHF, UHF and VHF channels, and vice versa, or on both channels simultaneously. in transmission simultaneously.
Les figures 2A et 2B représentent une antenne destinée à fonctionner dans la bande de fréquence VHF : 30-88 MHZ et la bande de fréquence UHF : 225-520 MHz.FIGS. 2A and 2B show an antenna intended to operate in the VHF frequency band: 30-88 MHZ and the UHF frequency band: 225-520 MHz.
La figure 2A est une description simplifiée d'un exemple de structure antennaire selon l'invention comportant un élément rayonnant VHFFIG. 2A is a simplified description of an example of an antenna structure according to the invention comprising a VHF radiating element.
20, ayant une longueur LVHF, OU Lsup du fait de sa position, sensiblement égale à la longueur totale de l'antenne, un élément rayonnant UHF 21 , disposé dans la partie inférieure de l'antenne, ayant sa propre longueur Linf du fait de sa position dans la partie inférieure de l'antenne ou I_UHF, un système d'alimentation 23 relié à un connecteur 24 adapté à alimenter les deux voies UHF et VHF indépendamment.20, having a length L VHF, OR L sup because of its position, substantially equal to the total length of the antenna, a UHF radiating element 21, disposed in the lower part of the antenna, having its own length L inf due to its position in the lower part of the antenna or UHF , a power system 23 connected to a connector 24 adapted to supply both UHF and VHF channels independently.
La figure 2B représente de manière détaillée, un exemple d'antenne ayant une structure antennaire semblable à la structure de la figure 2A. Un radôme 25, de préférence constitué en matériau souple, est disposé autour des éléments antennaires 20 et 21 afin de les protéger. Un câble coaxial 26 constitué d'une âme 28 entouré d'une tresse 26a ou gaine est enroulé autour d'un noyau magnétique 27a pour constituer le bobinage 27b d'un transformateur, l'ensemble est disposé dans un boitier miniaturisé référencé B. Le câble coaxial 26 traverse un plan de masse de référence M et est prolongé au-dessus du plan de masse de référence M sur une hauteur LUHF égale environ au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence moyenne géométrique FMOY de la bande haute, c'est-à-dire, FMOY=340 MHz et LUHF= 220 mm dans la gamme de fréquences donnée pour cet exemple. L'âme 28 du câble coaxial 26 est prolongée au-dessus de la hauteur LUHF par un élément monofilaire 29 de longueur LfN. Le choix du matériau et la longueur LfH sont déterminés, par exemple, par les exigences opérationnelles. Il est ainsi possible d'utiliser pour l'exemple donné une longueur variant de 280mm à 750mm pour Lfi|. Une prise P est réalisée sur le bobinage 27b pour constituer l'entrée de la bande haute et la deuxième sortie S de l'âme du coaxial celle de la bande basse. Le câble coaxial est mis à la masse au niveau du point S.Fig. 2B shows in detail, an example of an antenna having an antenna structure similar to the structure of Fig. 2A. A radome 25, preferably made of flexible material, is arranged around the antenna elements 20 and 21 to protect them. A coaxial cable 26 consisting of a core 28 surrounded by a braid 26a or sheath is wound around a magnetic core 27a to constitute the winding 27b of a transformer, the assembly is arranged in a miniaturized box referenced B. coaxial cable 26 passes through a reference ground plane M and is extended above the reference ground plane M over a height L UHF equal to about a quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency F MOY of the high band that is, F MOY = 340 MHz and L UHF = 220 mm in the frequency range given for this example. The core 28 of the coaxial cable 26 is extended above the height L UHF by a single wire element 29 of length L fN. The choice of material and the length L fH are determined, for example, by the operational requirements. It is thus possible to use for the example given a length ranging from 280 mm to 750 mm for L fi . A plug P is formed on the winding 27b to form the input of the high band and the second output S of the core of the coaxial that of the low band. The coaxial cable is grounded at point S.
Afin d'isoler les courants rayonnants des 2 voies, une contre jupe 30 est ajoutée au câble coaxial 26 et forme l'élément rayonnant 21 dans la bande haute.In order to isolate the radiating currents of the two channels, a counter skirt 30 is added to the coaxial cable 26 and forms the radiating element 21 in the high band.
La partie alimentée en VHF correspond sensiblement à la totalité de la hauteur de l'antenne, c'est-à-dire l'élément 29 plus la partie du coaxial correspondant à la hauteur LUHF de l'élément antennaire 21 plus la contre- jupe 30. Une telle structure rayonnante avec le point d'alimentation déporté par rapport au plan de masse de référence est appelée communément par l'Homme du métier « monopôle à manche ».The portion supplied with VHF corresponds substantially to the entire height of the antenna, that is to say the element 29 plus the portion of the coaxial corresponding to the height L UHF of the antenna element 21 plus the counter skirt 30. Such a radiating structure with the feed point offset relative to the reference ground plane is commonly called by the skilled person "monopole handle".
Pour la bande basse, cette contre jupe 30 se comporte comme une inductance de charge mise en série avec le brin monofilaire 29 pour constituer un monopôle à manche chargé selfiquement, l'ensemble 29 et 30 formant l'élément rayonnant dans la bande basse. Cette contre jupe 30 peut être complétée par d'autres dispositifs connus de l'Homme du métier et non représentés pour faciliter la compréhension de l'antenne selon l'invention, afin d'augmenter l'isolation. Afin d'assurer l'adaptation d'impédance pour les 2 voies, des cellules d'adaptation 31 , 32 large bande et connues de l'Homme du métier sont intercalées entre les points d'accès et les connecteurs de l'antenne.For the low band, this counter-skirt 30 behaves like a charge inductance placed in series with the monofilar strand 29 to form a self-charged handle monopole, the assembly 29 and 30 forming the radiating element in the low band. This skirt 30 may be completed by other devices known to those skilled in the art and not shown to facilitate understanding of the antenna according to the invention to increase the insulation. In order to ensure the impedance matching for the 2 channels, adaptation cells 31, 32 broadband and known to those skilled in the art are interposed between the access points and the connectors of the antenna.
La longueur Lsup ou LVHF est par exemple comprise dans l'intervalle [500, 1000] mm. La longueur LUHF correspondant au câble coaxial dépassant au-dessus de l'élément de masse de référence M est par exemple égale à 220 mm. Le choix des longueurs LVHF, LUHF est défini par rapport à la compacité recherchée de l'antenne. De préférence, le choix des longueurs s'effectue en déterminant en premier la longueur LUHF en fonction des fréquences souhaitées pour le fonctionnement de l'antenne et de l'encombrement visé, c'est-à-dire par rapport à une longueur totale d'antenne à respecter Ltotaie- La longueur LVHF pour l'élément antennaire pour les fréquences basses sera déterminée par le reste de place disponible considérant les deux longueurs LUHF et Ltotaie- L'alimentation en puissance des éléments antennaires s'effectue de la manière suivante :The length L sup or L V HF is for example in the range [500, 1000] mm. The length LUHF corresponding to the coaxial cable protruding above the reference ground element M is for example equal to 220 mm. The choice of lengths L V HF, LuHF is defined with respect to the desired compactness of the antenna. Preferably, the choice of the lengths is made by first determining the LUHF length as a function of the desired frequencies for the operation of the antenna and the desired size, that is to say with respect to a total length of antenna respect to L taie- the length L V HF to the antennal element for low frequencies will be determined by the remaining available space whereas the two lengths L and LuHF to taie- the power supply of antennal elements s' performs as follows:
• Pour alimenter en puissance RF l'antenne pour la voie UHF, les signaux de la bande haute sont transmis via la tresse de la gaine du câble coaxial 26 formant le bobinage 27b à travers la cellule d'adaptation 31 et un point de piquage ou prise P. • L'alimentation de la voie VHF se fait via l'intérieur du bobinage 27b, par l'intermédiaire de l'âme 28 du câble coaxial 26 à travers la cellule d'adaptation 32.• To supply RF power to the antenna for the UHF channel, the signals of the high band are transmitted via the braid of the sheath of the coaxial cable 26 forming the coil 27b through the adaptation cell 31 and a stitching point or P. • The supply of the VHF channel is via the inside of the coil 27b, via the core 28 of the coaxial cable 26 through the adaptation cell 32.
Le bobinage 27b et le circuit d'alimentation sont mis à la masse aux points 35 et 36.The coil 27b and the supply circuit are grounded at points 35 and 36.
Le radôme 25 est, par exemple, réalisé en matériau diélectrique transparent aux ondes électromagnétiques. Il maintient les éléments rayonnants en position verticale et les rend solidaires du circuit d'alimentation. Il présente également une certaine flexibilité pour ne pas blesser l'utilisateur en configuration opérationnelle.The radome 25 is, for example, made of dielectric material transparent to electromagnetic waves. It keeps the radiating elements in a vertical position and makes them integral with the supply circuit. It also has some flexibility to not hurt the user in operational configuration.
Le circuit d'alimentation 23 est disposé dans un boîtier miniaturisé B rendant l'ensemble antennaire suffisamment compact pour être associé à un équipement radio portatif de type talkie-walkie.The power supply circuit 23 is arranged in a miniaturized housing B making the antenna assembly compact enough to be associated with portable radio equipment of the walkie-talkie type.
Différentes façons d'utilisation de l'antenne sont possibles. Ainsi les deux éléments antennaires peuvent fonctionner tous les deux en émission, simultanément. Il est aussi possible qu'un des deux éléments fonctionnent en émission, alors que l'autre fonctionne en réception. Les deux peuvent aussi fonctionner en réception.Different ways of using the antenna are possible. Thus the two antennal elements can operate both in transmission, simultaneously. It is also possible that one of the two elements operate in transmission, while the other operates in reception. Both can also work in reception.
La figure 3 représente une variante de réalisation de l'invention. Elle consiste à relier l'âme 28 au brin monofilaire 29 à travers une cellule d'adaptation large bande 37 dont les différentes structures possibles sont connues de l'homme de l'art et qui n'est pas détaillée ici. Cette cellule d'adaptation a notamment pour fonction d'améliorer le rendement de l'antenne. Une autre variante est de mettre à la masse le pied de l'antenne pour les signaux de la bande basse. Elle consiste à connecter au niveau de la fin du bobinage 27b, le point 39 de la tresse du câble coaxial 26 à la masse par l'intermédiaire d'un élément passe bas 38 non détaillé ici. Cette variante permet d'améliorer l'isolation entre les deux voies. Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention. It consists in connecting the core 28 to the monofilar strand 29 through a broadband adaptation cell 37 whose different possible structures are known to those skilled in the art and which is not detailed here. This adaptation cell has the particular function of improving the performance of the antenna. Another variant is to ground the foot of the antenna for the signals of the low band. It consists in connecting at the end of the winding 27b, the point 39 of the braid of the coaxial cable 26 to the ground via a low-pass element 38 not detailed here. This variant improves the insulation between the two channels.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Antenne bi-voie compacte fonctionnant au moins dans deux bandes de fréquence une bande haute [Fsupi , FSUp2] et une bande basse [FinM , Finf2] caractérisé en ce qu'elle comporte au moins les éléments suivants :1 - Compact dual-channel antenna operating at least in two frequency bands, a high band [F sup i, F SU p 2 ] and a low band [Fi n M, F in f 2 ], characterized in that it comprises at least less the following:
• un câble coaxial (26) mis à une masse (M) de référence comportant une âme (28) et une tresse (26a),A coaxial cable (26) set to a reference mass (M) comprising a core (28) and a braid (26a),
• un élément antennaire (21 ) adapté à fonctionner dans la bande haute de fréquence [Fsup1 , Fsup2], ayant une longueur Linf, • une contre-jupe (30) de longueur correspondant sensiblement à Linf et disposée autour dudit élément antennaire (21 ), ledit élément antennaire (21 ) ainsi entourée étant placé entre le plan de masse de référence (M) et un élément antennaire (29) adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse fréquence [Finf1 , Finf2], • l'ensemble (20) composé de l'élément antennaire (29) et de la contre- jupe (30), ayant une longueur Lsup ! est alimenté via l'âme (28) dudit coaxial (26), ledit ensemble (20) étant adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse fréquence [Finf1 , Finf2],An antenna element (21) adapted to operate in the high frequency band [F sup1 , F sup2 ], having a length L inf , • a counter-skirt (30) of length substantially corresponding to L inf and disposed around said element antenna (21), said antenna element (21) thus surrounded being placed between the reference ground plane (M) and an antenna element (29) adapted to operate in the low frequency band [F inf1 , F inf2 ], • l assembly (20) composed of the antenna element (29) and the counter-skirt (30), having a length L sup! is supplied via the web (28) of said coaxial cable (26), said assembly (20) being adapted to operate in the low frequency band [F inf1, F inf2]
• ledit élément antennaire (21 ) étant alimenté via l'extérieur ΘU de la tresse (26a) dudit coaxial (26), au niveau d'un point de piquage, P,Said antenna element (21) being fed via the outside of the braid (26a) of said coaxial (26), at a stitching point, P,
• deux cellules d'adaptation (31 , 32) large bande, et en ce queTwo adaptation cells (31, 32) broadband, and in that
• le câble coaxial (26) est enroulé autour d'un élément magnétique (27a) pour constituer un bobinage (27b), • les signaux de la bande haute UHF sont transmis via la tresse du coaxial (26) formant le bobinage (27b) à travers la cellule d'adaptation (31 ) et du point de piquage ou prise P,The coaxial cable (26) is wound around a magnetic element (27a) to constitute a coil (27b), the signals of the high UHF band are transmitted via the coaxial braid (26) forming the coil (27b) through the adaptation cell (31) and the stitching point or catch P,
• l'alimentation de la voie basse VHF se fait via l'intérieur du bobinage (27b) par l'intermédiaire de l'âme (28) du câble coaxial (26) à travers la cellule d'adaptation (32). 2 - Antenne selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la bande de fréquence dite haute fréquence est la bande UHF [225-520 MHz] et la bande dite basse fréquence est la bande VHF [30-88MHz].• The supply of the VHF low channel is via the inside of the coil (27b) via the core (28) of the coaxial cable (26) through the adaptation cell (32). 2 - Antenna according to claim 1 characterized in that the so-called high frequency frequency band is the UHF band [225-520 MHz] and the so-called low frequency band is the VHF band [30-88MHz].
3 - Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce que la longueur Linf est sensiblement égale au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence moyenne géométrique FMOY de la bande haute.3 - Antenna according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized in that the length L inf is substantially equal to one quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency F MOY of the high band.
4 - Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce que l'élément antennaire (20) adapté à fonctionner dans la bande basse est constitué d'un élément monofilaire (29) disposé dans le prolongement de l'âme (28) du coaxial (26) et de la contre-jupe (30).4 - Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that the antenna element (20) adapted to operate in the low band consists of a monofilar element (29) disposed in the extension of the soul (28). ) of the coaxial (26) and the counter-skirt (30).
5 - Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 4 caractérisé en ce que le câble coaxial (26) traverse le plan de masse de référence M et est prolongé au- dessus du plan de masse de référence M d'une hauteur LUHF égale au quart de la longueur d'onde de la fréquence moyenne géométrique FMOY de la bande haute [Fsupi, Fsup2].5 - Antenna according to claim 1 or 4 characterized in that the coaxial cable (26) passes through the reference ground plane M and is extended above the reference ground plane M by a height L UHF equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the geometric mean frequency F MOY of the high band [F sup i, F sup2 ].
6 - Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisée en que les éléments rayonnants constituant l'antenne sont des éléments de type monopôle.6 - Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the radiating elements constituting the antenna are monopole type elements.
7 - Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en plus un élément passe-bas (38) adapté à connecter le point (39) de la tresse du câble coaxial constituant la fin dudit bobinage (27b) à la masse M.7 - Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that it further comprises a low-pass element (38) adapted to connect the point (39) of the braid of the coaxial cable constituting the end of said winding (27b ) to the mass M.
8 - Antenne selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7 caractérisé en ce que l'âme (28) du câble coaxial (26) est reliée au brin monofilaire (29) à travers une cellule d'adaptation large bande (37). 8 - Antenna according to one of claims 4 to 7 characterized in that the core (28) of the coaxial cable (26) is connected to the monofilar strand (29) through a wide band adaptation cell (37).
EP20100705349 2009-03-13 2010-02-23 Wideband vhf and uhf antenna for two signals Active EP2406854B1 (en)

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FR0901187A FR2943183B1 (en) 2009-03-13 2009-03-13 BI-WAY VHF-UHF BROADBAND ANTENNA
PCT/EP2010/052302 WO2010102901A1 (en) 2009-03-13 2010-02-23 Vhf/uhf broadband dual channel antenna

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EP2883278B1 (en) * 2012-08-07 2017-11-15 Comrod As Three band whip antenna
US10038235B2 (en) * 2013-03-05 2018-07-31 Maxtena, Inc. Multi-mode, multi-band antenna
US9887462B2 (en) * 2013-10-31 2018-02-06 Motorola Solutions, Inc. Antenna with embedded wideband matching substrate
US9608336B1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2017-03-28 Edison Fong Radial-free collinear omni-directional triband half wavelength antenna with virtual ground, single coaxial cable feedpoint, and with minimal interaction of adjustment between bands
US11063345B2 (en) * 2018-07-17 2021-07-13 Mastodon Design Llc Systems and methods for providing a wearable antenna
US11757186B1 (en) * 2020-07-01 2023-09-12 Airgain, Inc. 5G ultra-wideband dipole antenna

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ES2464493T3 (en) 2014-06-03
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FR2943183B1 (en) 2012-04-20
IL215136A0 (en) 2011-12-29
FR2943183A1 (en) 2010-09-17
SG174388A1 (en) 2011-10-28
US9007270B2 (en) 2015-04-14
US20120119964A1 (en) 2012-05-17
PL2406854T3 (en) 2014-08-29
WO2010102901A1 (en) 2010-09-16

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