EP2403750B1 - Non-positive displacement engine with a housing having improved watertightness - Google Patents

Non-positive displacement engine with a housing having improved watertightness Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2403750B1
EP2403750B1 EP10706611.0A EP10706611A EP2403750B1 EP 2403750 B1 EP2403750 B1 EP 2403750B1 EP 10706611 A EP10706611 A EP 10706611A EP 2403750 B1 EP2403750 B1 EP 2403750B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
positive displacement
displacement engine
transmission
propeller
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP10706611.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2403750A2 (en
Inventor
Ernst-Christoph Krackhardt
Dierk SCHRÖDER
Jan Pellinghoff
Michael Wycisk
Robin De Ruiter
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP2403750A2 publication Critical patent/EP2403750A2/en
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Publication of EP2403750B1 publication Critical patent/EP2403750B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H2005/1254—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis
    • B63H2005/1258—Podded azimuthing thrusters, i.e. podded thruster units arranged inboard for rotation about vertical axis with electric power transmission to propellers, i.e. with integrated electric propeller motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/32—Other parts
    • B63H23/321—Bearings or seals specially adapted for propeller shafts
    • B63H2023/327—Sealings specially adapted for propeller shafts or stern tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of patent claim 1;
  • a turbomachine is for example by the EP 1 972 545 A1 known.
  • the EP 1 972 545 A1 is considered to be the closest prior art and discloses a turbomachine that serves as a pod drive for a ship.
  • the turbomachine includes an underwater housing disposed on the hull of the vessel, a propeller disposed outside the housing, and a propeller shaft on which the propeller is seated.
  • the propeller shaft is mounted in the housing.
  • the housing has a passage opening through which the propeller shaft is guided out of the housing.
  • a transmission in the form of a planetary gear is arranged, which is coupled to the propeller shaft and having a transmission housing.
  • a shaft seal seals the passage opening against entry of liquid into the housing.
  • the gear is spaced from the shaft seal.
  • the drive of the propeller shaft or of the propeller via the transmission is effected by a drive motor device, which contains, for example, an electric motor.
  • This electric motor can be arranged inside the housing or outside the housing in the hull.
  • the drive of the propeller shaft or the propeller via a vertical shaft which is guided by the hull into the housing, and arranged between the gear and the vertical shaft crown-bevel gear.
  • the transmission housing is at least partially filled with a transmission fluid and the shaft seal is applied to the transmission housing or is integrated into the transmission housing.
  • the resulting direct thermal contact between the seal and the transmission fluid makes it particularly easy to transfer heat from the seal to the transmission fluid.
  • the heat of the seal can thus be dissipated better than with the air inside the housing when the gear is spaced from the shaft seal. As a result, the thermal load of the seal can be improved and the risk of leaks can be reduced.
  • the transmission can be designed as a single or multi-stage transmission. Furthermore, the transmission can be designed as a mechanical transmission, in particular a planetary gear, wherein it may then be a lubricant in the transmission fluid.
  • the transmission can also be designed as a hydraulic transmission, in particular as a hydrodynamic transmission, whereby the transmission fluid can then be the operating fluid of the transmission.
  • the transmission may be connected to another machine, e.g. an electric machine or an internal combustion engine, be coupled.
  • another machine e.g. an electric machine or an internal combustion engine
  • the transmission is coupled to an electric machine, which is also disposed within the housing of the turbomachine.
  • a hydrodynamically particularly advantageous form of the housing is possible in that the transmission is designed such that during operation of the turbomachine, the rotational speed of the electric machine is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft (eg 4 to 5 times the propeller speed).
  • the transmission is designed such that during operation of the turbomachine, the rotational speed of the electric machine is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft (eg 4 to 5 times the propeller speed).
  • an electric machine can then be used a high-speed machine, which has smaller dimensions than a machine running at the speed of the propeller. This is especially true when using the turbomachine as a drive device for a floating or diving device.
  • the electric machine can be designed as an electric motor that drives the propeller.
  • electrical motors are a variety of electric motors such.
  • Asynchronous or synchronous motors are possible, which may be excited by permanent magnets or a winding system, which may also be implemented in HTS (high temperature superconductor) technology.
  • the electric machine can also be designed as a generator, which is driven by the propeller.
  • At least part of the transmission housing itself already forms part of the housing of the turbomachine. As a result, the weight and the size of the turbomachine can be reduced.
  • this preferably comprises a motor housing for its protection.
  • At least a part of the motor housing may form part of the housing of the turbomachine.
  • the motor housing rests against the gear housing, the motor can be particularly well protected against liquid entering the housing.
  • a turbomachine according to the invention may have on its side facing away from the propeller, a further above-described arrangement of a propeller, a propeller shaft, a shaft seal and a transmission, wherein the propeller shaft or the propeller may be coupled to the same electric machine or to a second electric machine ,
  • the two propellers can rotate in the same direction or even contrarotate, the rotational speeds may be the same or different.
  • two gearboxes and two propellers distribute the mechanical loads on two gearboxes with constant drive power, so that they can be designed smaller.
  • the turbomachine may advantageously be modularly constructed from at least one or two propeller modules, one or two transmission modules and one or two motor modules.
  • the modules can be provided by a modular system comprising gear modules, motor modules and propeller modules of different power classes and characteristics, reduction ratios, rotational speeds, directions of rotation, etc.
  • turbomachine lies in a drive device for a floating or submersing device, such. a ship or an offshore platform, wherein the turbomachine, preferably horizontally and / or vertically rotatable, is attached to a hull of the floating or diving device.
  • turbomachine can be advantageously used as a pump, a fan or a compressor.
  • turbomachine may be used as a turbine, particularly for power generation in a floating or submersible facility, in a fluid or tidal power plant, or in a wind turbine.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a simplified and schematic representation of a partial longitudinal section through a turbomachine 1, which serves as a drive means for a floating or diving equipment such as a ship or an offshore platform and this is rotatably mounted about an axis A on the hull 10 of the floating device.
  • a drive device is often referred to as a rudder propeller or pod drive and usually has a drive power of 0.5 - 10 MW.
  • the turbomachine 1 comprises a hydrodynamically optimized designed underwater housing 2, which is arranged on the hull 10 of the ship, a propeller 3, which is arranged outside of the housing 2, and a propeller shaft 4, on which the propeller 3 is seated.
  • the propeller shaft 4 is rotatably supported by bearings 12 within the housing 2 and led out of the housing 2 via a passage opening 5.
  • a planetary gear 6 is coupled to the propeller shaft 4 and includes a transmission housing 7 which is filled with a transmission fluid 8 in the form of oil or other lubricant.
  • the gear housing 7 forms with its peripheral surface a part of the peripheral surface of the housing 2 of the turbomachine. Both the passage opening 5 and the shaft seal 9 are thus an integral part of the transmission housing. 7
  • a shaft seal 9 seals the passage opening 5 against entry of liquid from outside the housing 2 into an interior of the housing 2.
  • an electric machine in the form of an electric motor 11 for driving the propeller 3, wherein the electric motor 6 is coupled by means of the gear 6 with the propeller shaft 4 and with the propeller 3.
  • the electric motor 11 includes a motor housing 13, wherein the peripheral surface of this housing 13 forms a part of the peripheral surface of the housing 2 of the turbomachine 1.
  • the gear housing 7 rests on the motor housing 13, so that the electric motor 11 is well protected against a through the passage opening 5 into the interior of the housing 2 entering liquid.
  • the electric motor 11 is designed as a high-speed machine, wherein the planetary gear 6 is designed so that during operation of the turbomachine 1, the rotational speed of the electric machine 11 is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft 4 (for example 4 to 5 times the propeller speed).
  • a cooling of the electric motor 11 takes place at least for the most part by a heat transfer through the housing 2 of the turbomachine 1 to the seawater outside the turbomachine 1.
  • the electric motor 11 and the gear 6 are encapsulated and thus particularly well protected against external influences.
  • FIG. 2 shows the turbomachine 1 of FIG. 1 but with no electric motor inside the housing 2.
  • the propeller shaft 3 is coupled via the gear 6 with a vertical shaft 21 (L-arrangement), which is coupled to an electric motor not shown in detail, which is arranged in the interior of the hull 10.
  • a crown-bevel gear 22 is arranged for transmitting power between the propeller shaft 4 and the vertical shaft 21 in the drive train between the planetary gear 6 and the vertical shaft 21.
  • FIG. 3 shows the turbomachine 1 of FIG. 1 with a built-in the housing 2 and applied to the transmission housing 7 shaft seal 9 instead of a built-in gear housing 7 shaft seal.
  • the gear housing 7 here preferably consists of a particularly thermally conductive material.
  • the turbomachines 1 of 1 - 3 can each have another above-described arrangement of a propeller, a propeller shaft, a shaft seal and a gear on its side facing away from the propeller 3, wherein the propeller shaft or the propeller can be coupled to the same electric machine 11 or to a second electric machine ,
  • the two propellers can rotate in the same direction or even contrarotate, the rotational speeds may be the same or different.
  • the turbomachines 1 of 1 - 3 are modularly constructed from a pressure propeller module 23, a transmission module 24, a motor module 25 and an end cap module 26.
  • the modules 23-26 are components of a modular system, includes gear modules, motor modules and propeller modules of different power classes and characteristics, reduction ratios, rotational speeds, directions of rotation, etc.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Strömungsmaschine gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1; eine derartige Strömungsmaschine ist beispielsweise durch die EP 1 972 545 A1 bekannt.The invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of patent claim 1; Such a turbomachine is for example by the EP 1 972 545 A1 known.

Die EP 1 972 545 A1 wird als nächstliegender Stand der Technik angesehen und offenbart eine Strömungsmaschine, die als Pod-Antrieb für ein Schiff dient. Die Strömungsmaschine umfasst ein Unterwassergehäuse, das an dem Rumpf des Schiffes angeordnet ist, einen Propeller, der außerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet ist, und eine Propellerwelle, auf der der Propeller sitzt. Die Propellerwelle ist in dem Gehäuse gelagert. Das Gehäuse weist eine Durchtrittsöffnung auf, über die die Propellerwelle aus dem Gehäuse heraus geführt ist. Innerhalb des Gehäuses ist ein Getriebe in Form eines Planetengetriebes angeordnet, das mit der Propellerwelle gekoppelt ist und ein Getriebegehäuse aufweist. Eine Wellendichtung dichtet die Durchtrittsöffnung gegen einen Eintritt von Flüssigkeit in das Gehäuse ab. Das Getriebe ist dabei von der Wellendichtung beabstandet.The EP 1 972 545 A1 is considered to be the closest prior art and discloses a turbomachine that serves as a pod drive for a ship. The turbomachine includes an underwater housing disposed on the hull of the vessel, a propeller disposed outside the housing, and a propeller shaft on which the propeller is seated. The propeller shaft is mounted in the housing. The housing has a passage opening through which the propeller shaft is guided out of the housing. Within the housing, a transmission in the form of a planetary gear is arranged, which is coupled to the propeller shaft and having a transmission housing. A shaft seal seals the passage opening against entry of liquid into the housing. The gear is spaced from the shaft seal.

Der Antrieb der Propellerwelle bzw. des Propellers über das Getriebe erfolgt durch eine Antriebsmotoreneinrichtung, die beispielsweise einen elektrischen Motor enthält. Dieser elektrische Motor kann im Inneren des Gehäuses oder außerhalb des Gehäuses im Schiffsrumpf angeordnet sein. Bei einer Anordnung im Schiffsrumpf erfolgt der Antrieb der Propellerwelle bzw. des Propellers über eine Vertikalwelle, die von dem Schiffsrumpf in das Gehäuse geführt ist, und einem zwischen dem Getriebe und der Vertikalwelle angeordneten Tellerrad-Kegelrad-Getriebe.The drive of the propeller shaft or of the propeller via the transmission is effected by a drive motor device, which contains, for example, an electric motor. This electric motor can be arranged inside the housing or outside the housing in the hull. In an arrangement in the hull, the drive of the propeller shaft or the propeller via a vertical shaft which is guided by the hull into the housing, and arranged between the gear and the vertical shaft crown-bevel gear.

Mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Lösung ist bereits ein hoher Grad an Dichtheit der Strömungsmaschine gegeben. Beim Betrieb der Strömungsmaschine liegt jedoch an der Wellendichtung eine relativ hohe Druckdifferenz zwischen der sich außerhalb der Strömungsmaschine befindlichen Flüssigkeit (z.B. Meerwasser) und dem üblicherweise mit Luft gefüllten Innenraum an. Außerdem erwärmt sich die Dichtung aufgrund von Reibung an der sich drehenden Welle. Dies führt zu hohen mechanischen und thermischen Belastungen der Wellendichtung, die im Extremfall zu einer Undichtigkeit der Dichtung und somit zu einem Eintritt von Flüssigkeit in das Gehäuse führen können.With the solution described above, a high degree of tightness of the turbomachine is already given. During operation of the turbomachine, however, there is a relatively high pressure difference between the outside of the shaft seal and the outside Turbine fluid located (eg seawater) and the usually filled with air inside space. In addition, the seal heats up due to friction on the rotating shaft. This leads to high mechanical and thermal loads on the shaft seal, which in extreme cases can lead to leaking of the seal and thus to the ingress of liquid into the housing.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, bei einer Strömungsmaschine gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 die Dichtheit noch weiter zu verbessern. Außerdem ist es Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, besonders vorteilhafte Verwendungen einer derartigen Strömungsmaschine anzugeben.It is therefore an object of the present invention, in a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1 to improve the tightness even further. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide particularly advantageous uses of such a turbomachine.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt durch eine Strömungsmaschine gemäß Patentanspruch 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche 2 bis 10. Besonders vorteilhafte Verwendungen der erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsmaschine sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 11 bis 13.The solution of this object is achieved by a turbomachine according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims 2 to 10. Particularly advantageous uses of the turbomachine according to the invention are the subject of claims 11 to 13.

Erfindungsgemäß ist das Getriebegehäuse zumindest teilweise mit einer Getriebeflüssigkeit gefüllt und die Wellendichtung liegt an dem Getriebegehäuse an oder ist in das Getriebegehäuse integriert. Über den hierdurch entstehenden direkten thermischen Kontakt zwischen der Dichtung und der Getriebeflüssigkeit kann besonders leicht Wärme von der Dichtung an die Getriebeflüssigkeit übertragen werden. Die Wärme der Dichtung kann somit besser abgeführt werden als mit der im Inneren des Gehäuses befindlichen Luft, wenn das Getriebe von der Wellendichtung beabstandet ist. Hierdurch kann die thermische Belastung der Dichtung verbessert und die Gefahr von Undichtigkeiten verringert werden.According to the transmission housing is at least partially filled with a transmission fluid and the shaft seal is applied to the transmission housing or is integrated into the transmission housing. The resulting direct thermal contact between the seal and the transmission fluid makes it particularly easy to transfer heat from the seal to the transmission fluid. The heat of the seal can thus be dissipated better than with the air inside the housing when the gear is spaced from the shaft seal. As a result, the thermal load of the seal can be improved and the risk of leaks can be reduced.

Zusätzlich wird die an der Wellendichtung anliegende Druckdifferenz und somit die mechanische Belastung der Dichtung reduziert, wodurch ebenfalls die Gefahr von Undichtigkeiten der Dichtung verringert wird.In addition, the pressure difference applied to the shaft seal and thus the mechanical stress on the seal are reduced, which also reduces the risk of leaks in the seal.

Bei einer Anordnung der elektrischen Maschine innerhalb des Gehäuses der Strömungsmaschine wird weiterhin sichergestellt, dass bei einer schadhaften Wellendichtung eine von außen in das Gehäuse eindringende Flüssigkeit, z.B. Meerwasser, nicht direkt auf die elektrische Maschine, sondern zuerst auf das Getriebe trifft. Hierdurch kann die elektrische Maschine besser gegen eine eindringende Flüssigkeit geschützt werden.In an arrangement of the electric machine within the housing of the turbomachine is further ensured that in a defective shaft seal from the outside into the housing penetrating liquid, e.g. Seawater, not directly on the electric machine, but first hits the gearbox. As a result, the electrical machine can be better protected against an ingress of liquid.

Nicht zuletzt kann durch die Erfindung die Ausdehnung der Strömungsmaschine in Richtung der Propellerwelle verkleinert werden, was in einigen Anwendungsfällen zu einer hydrodynamisch besseren Form der Strömungsmaschine führen kann.Not least can be reduced by the invention, the expansion of the turbomachine in the direction of the propeller shaft, which may result in some applications to a hydrodynamically better shape of the turbomachine.

Das Getriebe kann als ein ein- oder mehrstufiges Getriebe ausgebildet sein. Weiterhin kann das Getriebe als ein mechanisches Getriebe, insbesondere ein Planetengetriebe ausgebildet sein, wobei es sich bei der Getriebeflüssigkeit dann um ein Schmiermittel handeln kann. Das Getriebe kann auch als ein hydraulisches Getriebe, insbesondere als ein hydrodynamisches Getriebe ausgebildet sein, wobei es sich bei der Getriebeflüssigkeit dann um die Betriebsflüssigkeit des Getriebes handeln kann.The transmission can be designed as a single or multi-stage transmission. Furthermore, the transmission can be designed as a mechanical transmission, in particular a planetary gear, wherein it may then be a lubricant in the transmission fluid. The transmission can also be designed as a hydraulic transmission, in particular as a hydrodynamic transmission, whereby the transmission fluid can then be the operating fluid of the transmission.

Das Getriebe kann mit einer weiteren Maschine, wie z.B. einer elektrischen Maschine oder einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, gekoppelt sein.The transmission may be connected to another machine, e.g. an electric machine or an internal combustion engine, be coupled.

Bevorzugt ist das Getriebe mit einer elektrischen Maschine gekoppelt, die ebenfalls innerhalb des Gehäuses der Strömungsmaschine angeordnet ist.Preferably, the transmission is coupled to an electric machine, which is also disposed within the housing of the turbomachine.

Bei Kopplung mit einer elektrischen Maschine ist eine hydrodynamisch besonders vorteilhafte Form des Gehäuses dadurch möglich, dass das Getriebe derart ausgebildet ist, dass beim Betrieb der Strömungsmaschine die Drehzahl der elektrischen Maschine größer ist als die Drehzahl der Propellerwelle (z.B. 4 bis 5faches der Propellerdrehzahl). Als elektrische Maschine kann dann eine schnell laufende Maschine eingesetzt werden, die kleinere Abmessungen als eine mit der Propellerdrehzahl laufende Maschine hat. Dies gilt insbesondere bei einer Verwendung der Strömungsmaschine als eine Antriebseinrichtung für eine schwimmende oder tauchende Einrichtung.When coupled with an electric machine, a hydrodynamically particularly advantageous form of the housing is possible in that the transmission is designed such that during operation of the turbomachine, the rotational speed of the electric machine is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft (eg 4 to 5 times the propeller speed). As an electric machine can then be used a high-speed machine, which has smaller dimensions than a machine running at the speed of the propeller. This is especially true when using the turbomachine as a drive device for a floating or diving device.

Die elektrische Maschine kann dabei als ein elektrischer Motor ausgebildet sein, der den Propeller antreibt. Als elektrische Motoren sind unterschiedlichste Elektromotoren wie z.B. Asynchron oder Synchronmotoren möglich, die durch Permanentmagnete oder ein Wicklungssystem erregt sein können, wobei diese auch in HTS (Hochtemperatur-Supraleiter)-Technik ausgeführt sein können.The electric machine can be designed as an electric motor that drives the propeller. As electrical motors are a variety of electric motors such. Asynchronous or synchronous motors are possible, which may be excited by permanent magnets or a winding system, which may also be implemented in HTS (high temperature superconductor) technology.

Die elektrische Maschine kann aber auch als ein Generator ausgebildet sein, der von dem Propeller angetrieben wird.The electric machine can also be designed as a generator, which is driven by the propeller.

In einer konstruktiv besonders einfachen Ausgestaltung bildet zumindest ein Teil des Getriebegehäuses selbst bereits einen Teil des Gehäuses der Strömungsmaschine. Hierdurch können das Gewicht und die Abmessung der Strömungsmaschine verringert werden.In a structurally particularly simple embodiment, at least part of the transmission housing itself already forms part of the housing of the turbomachine. As a result, the weight and the size of the turbomachine can be reduced.

Bei Verwendung eines im Inneren des Gehäuses angeordneten Elektromotors umfasst dieser zu seinem Schutz bevorzugt ein Motorgehäuse.When using an electric motor arranged in the interior of the housing, this preferably comprises a motor housing for its protection.

Zur weiteren Reduzierung des Gewichts und der Abmessungen der Strömungsmaschine kann zumindest ein Teil des Motorgehäuses einen Teil des Gehäuses der Strömungsmaschine bilden.To further reduce the weight and dimensions of the turbomachine, at least a part of the motor housing may form part of the housing of the turbomachine.

Wenn das Motorgehäuse an dem Getriebegehäuse anliegt, kann der Motor besonders gut gegen in das Gehäuse eindringende Flüssigkeit geschützt werden.If the motor housing rests against the gear housing, the motor can be particularly well protected against liquid entering the housing.

Von besonderem Vorteil erfolgt eine Kühlung der elektrischen Maschine durch eine Wärmeübertragung durch das Gehäuse der Strömungsmaschine hindurch an eine Flüssigkeit außerhalb des Gehäuses.Of particular advantage is a cooling of the electric machine by a heat transfer through the housing of the turbomachine through to a liquid outside the housing.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Strömungsmaschine kann auf ihrer dem Propeller abgewandten Seite eine weitere vorstehend geschilderte erfindungsgemäße Anordnung eines Propellers, einer Propellerwelle, einer Wellendichtung und eines Getriebes aufweisen, wobei die Propellerwelle bzw. der Propeller mit der gleichen elektrischen Maschine oder mit einer zweiten elektrischen Maschine gekoppelt sein können. Die beiden Propeller können dabei in gleicher Richtung rotieren oder auch kontrarotieren, wobei die Drehgeschwindigkeiten gleich oder auch unterschiedlich sein können. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung mit zwei Getrieben und zwei Propellern verteilen sich bei gleichbleibender Antriebsleistung die mechanischen Belastungen auf zwei Getriebe, so dass diese kleiner ausgelegt werden können.A turbomachine according to the invention may have on its side facing away from the propeller, a further above-described arrangement of a propeller, a propeller shaft, a shaft seal and a transmission, wherein the propeller shaft or the propeller may be coupled to the same electric machine or to a second electric machine , The two propellers can rotate in the same direction or even contrarotate, the rotational speeds may be the same or different. In such an arrangement with two gearboxes and two propellers distribute the mechanical loads on two gearboxes with constant drive power, so that they can be designed smaller.

Wenn das Gehäuse der Strömungsmaschine zumindest zum Teil durch das Getriebegehäuse und das Motorgehäuse gebildet wird, kann die Strömungsmaschine vorteilhaft modular aus zumindest einem oder zwei Propellermodulen, einem oder zwei Getriebemodulen und einem oder zwei Motormodulen aufgebaut sein. Die Module können dabei durch ein modulares Baukastensystem bereitgestellt werden, das Getriebemodule, Motormodule und Propellermodule unterschiedlicher Leistungsklassen und - Charakteristiken, Untersetzungsverhältnissen, Drehgeschwindigkeiten, Drehrichtungen, etc. umfasst.If the housing of the turbomachine is at least partially formed by the transmission housing and the motor housing, the turbomachine may advantageously be modularly constructed from at least one or two propeller modules, one or two transmission modules and one or two motor modules. The modules can be provided by a modular system comprising gear modules, motor modules and propeller modules of different power classes and characteristics, reduction ratios, rotational speeds, directions of rotation, etc.

Eine Strömungsmaschine kann dann beispielsweise je nach Bedarf aus folgenden Modulen zusammengesetzt werden, die in der angegebenen Reihenfolge aneinander gereiht werden:

  • einem Motormodul, einem Getriebemodul und einem Zugpropellermodul,
  • einem Druckpropellermodul, einem Getriebemodul und einem Motormodul,
  • einem Druckpropellermodul, einem ersten Getriebemodul, einem Motormodul, einem zweiten Getriebemodul und einem Zugpropellermodul, wobei der Motor des Motormoduls beide Getriebe bzw. beide Propeller antreibt,
  • einem Druckpropellermodul, einem ersten Getriebemodul, einem ersten Motormodul, einem zweiten Motormodul, einem zweiten Getriebemodul und einem Zugpropellermodul, wobei der Motor des ersten Motormoduls das Getriebe des ersten Getriebemoduls bzw. den Druckpropeller und der Motor des zweiten Motormoduls das Getriebe des zweiten Getriebemoduls bzw. den Zugpropeller antreibt.
A turbomachine can then be assembled, for example, according to requirements from the following modules, which are lined up in the order given:
  • a motor module, a transmission module and a traction propeller module,
  • a pressure propeller module, a transmission module and a motor module,
  • a pressure propeller module, a first transmission module, an engine module, a second transmission module and a traction propeller module, wherein the motor of the engine module drives both gears or both propellers,
  • a pressure propeller module, a first transmission module, a first engine module, a second engine module, a second transmission module and a Zugpropellermodul, wherein the engine of the first engine module, the transmission of the first transmission module or the pressure propeller and the engine of the second engine module, the transmission of the second transmission module or drives the tractor propeller.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Strömungsmaschine liegt in einer Antriebseinrichtung für eine schwimmende oder tauchende Einrichtung, wie z.B. ein Schiff oder eine Offshore-Plattform, wobei die Strömungsmaschine, vorzugsweise horizontal und/oder vertikal drehbar, an einem Rumpf der schwimmenden oder tauchenden Einrichtung befestigt ist.A particularly advantageous use of the turbomachine according to the invention lies in a drive device for a floating or submersing device, such. a ship or an offshore platform, wherein the turbomachine, preferably horizontally and / or vertically rotatable, is attached to a hull of the floating or diving device.

Weiterhin kann die Strömungsmaschine vorteilhaft als eine Pumpe, ein Ventilator oder ein Verdichter verwendet werden.Furthermore, the turbomachine can be advantageously used as a pump, a fan or a compressor.

Außerdem kann die Strömungsmaschine.als eine Turbine verwendet werden, insbesondere zur Stromerzeugung bei einer schwimmenden oder tauchenden Einrichtung, in einem Strömungs- oder Gezeitenkraftwerk oder in einer Windkraftanlage.In addition, the turbomachine may be used as a turbine, particularly for power generation in a floating or submersible facility, in a fluid or tidal power plant, or in a wind turbine.

Die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gemäß Merkmalen der Unteransprüche werden im Folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in den Figuren näher erläutert; dabei zeigt:

FIG 1
eine Strömungsmaschine mit einer in ein Getriebegehäuse integrierten Wellendichtung
FIG 2
die Strömungsmaschine von FIG 1 mit einer Vertikalwelle (L-Ausführung),
FIG 3
die Strömungsmaschine von FIG 1 mit einer an ein Getriebegehäuse anliegenden Wellendichtung.
The invention and further advantageous embodiments of the invention according to features of the subclaims are explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments in the figures; showing:
FIG. 1
a turbomachine with a shaft seal integrated into a transmission housing
FIG. 2
the turbomachine of FIG. 1 with a vertical shaft (L-type),
FIG. 3
the turbomachine of FIG. 1 with a voltage applied to a transmission housing shaft seal.

FIG 1 zeigt in vereinfachter und schematischer Darstellung einen teilweisen Längsschnitt durch eine Strömungsmaschine 1, die als Antriebseinrichtung für eine schwimmende oder tauchende Einrichtung wie z.B. ein Schiff oder eine Offshore-Plattform dient und hierzu um eine Achse A drehbar am Rumpf 10 der schwimmenden Einrichtung befestigt ist. Eine derartige Antriebseinrichtung wird häufig auch als Ruderpropeller oder als Pod-Antrieb bezeichnet und hat üblicherweise eine Antriebsleistung von 0.5 - 10 MW. FIG. 1 shows in a simplified and schematic representation of a partial longitudinal section through a turbomachine 1, which serves as a drive means for a floating or diving equipment such as a ship or an offshore platform and this is rotatably mounted about an axis A on the hull 10 of the floating device. Such a drive device is often referred to as a rudder propeller or pod drive and usually has a drive power of 0.5 - 10 MW.

Die Strömungsmaschine 1 umfasst ein hydrodynamisch optimiert gestaltetes Unterwassergehäuse 2, das an dem Rumpf 10 des Schiffes angeordnet ist, einen Propeller 3, der außerhalb des Gehäuses 2 angeordnet ist, und eine Propellerwelle 4, auf der der Propeller 3 sitzt. Die Propellerwelle 4 ist dabei mittels Lager 12 innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 drehbar gelagert und über eine Durchtrittsöffnung 5 aus dem Gehäuse 2 herausgeführt.The turbomachine 1 comprises a hydrodynamically optimized designed underwater housing 2, which is arranged on the hull 10 of the ship, a propeller 3, which is arranged outside of the housing 2, and a propeller shaft 4, on which the propeller 3 is seated. The propeller shaft 4 is rotatably supported by bearings 12 within the housing 2 and led out of the housing 2 via a passage opening 5.

Ein Planetengetriebe 6 ist mit der Propellerwelle 4 gekoppelt und umfasst ein Getriebegehäuse 7, das mit einer Getriebeflüssigkeit 8 in Form von Öl oder einem anderen Schmiermittel gefüllt ist. Das Getriebegehäuse 7 bildet mit seiner Umfangsfläche einen Teil der Umfangsfläche des Gehäuses 2 der Strömungsmaschine. Sowohl die Durchtrittsöffnung 5 als auch die Wellendichtung 9 sind somit integraler Bestandteil des Getriebegehäuses 7.A planetary gear 6 is coupled to the propeller shaft 4 and includes a transmission housing 7 which is filled with a transmission fluid 8 in the form of oil or other lubricant. The gear housing 7 forms with its peripheral surface a part of the peripheral surface of the housing 2 of the turbomachine. Both the passage opening 5 and the shaft seal 9 are thus an integral part of the transmission housing. 7

An der Durchtrittsöffnung 5 für die sich drehende Propellerwelle 4 durch das Gehäuse 2 dichtet eine Wellendichtung 9 die Durchtrittsöffnung 5 gegenüber einem Eintritt von Flüssigkeit von außerhalb des Gehäuses 2 in einen Innenraum des Gehäuses 2 ab.At the passage opening 5 for the rotating propeller shaft 4 through the housing 2, a shaft seal 9 seals the passage opening 5 against entry of liquid from outside the housing 2 into an interior of the housing 2.

Durch den direkten thermischen Kontakt zwischen der Dichtung 9 und der Getriebeflüssigkeit 8 kann besonders leicht Wärme von der Dichtung 9 an die Getriebeflüssigkeit 8 übertragen werden, wodurch die thermische Belastung der Dichtung und somit die Gefahr von Beschädigungen verringert wird.Due to the direct thermal contact between the seal 9 and the transmission fluid 8 heat can be transferred from the seal 9 to the transmission fluid 8 particularly easily, whereby the thermal load on the seal and thus the risk of damage is reduced.

Zwischen dem Meerwasser, das das Gehäuse 2 der Strömungsmaschine 1 umströmt, und der Getriebeflüssigkeit 8 besteht nur eine geringe Druckdifferenz, wodurch die mechanische Belastung der Dichtung 9 und somit ebenfalls die Gefahr von Beschädigungen der Dichtung 9 verringert werden.Between the seawater, which flows around the housing 2 of the turbomachine 1, and the transmission fluid 8, there is only a small pressure difference, whereby the mechanical stress on the seal 9 and thus also the risk of damage to the seal 9 are reduced.

Innerhalb des Gehäuses 2 befindet sich eine elektrische Maschine in Form eines elektrischen Motors 11 zum Antrieb des Propellers 3, wobei der elektrische Motor 6 mittels des Getriebes 6 mit der Propellerwelle 4 bzw. mit dem Propeller 3 gekoppelt ist.Within the housing 2 is an electric machine in the form of an electric motor 11 for driving the propeller 3, wherein the electric motor 6 is coupled by means of the gear 6 with the propeller shaft 4 and with the propeller 3.

Der elektrische Motor 11 umfasst ein Motorgehäuse 13, wobei die Umfangsfläche dieses Gehäuses 13 einen Teil der Umfangsfläche das Gehäuse 2 der Strömungsmaschine 1 bildet.The electric motor 11 includes a motor housing 13, wherein the peripheral surface of this housing 13 forms a part of the peripheral surface of the housing 2 of the turbomachine 1.

Das Getriebegehäuse 7 liegt dabei an dem Motorgehäuse 13 an, so dass der elektrische Motor 11 gut gegen eine durch die Durchtrittsöffnung 5 in das innere des Gehäuses 2 eintretende Flüssigkeit geschützt ist.The gear housing 7 rests on the motor housing 13, so that the electric motor 11 is well protected against a through the passage opening 5 into the interior of the housing 2 entering liquid.

Der elektrische Motor 11 ist als eine schnell laufende Maschine ausgebildet, wobei das Planetengetriebe 6 derart ausgebildet ist, dass beim Betrieb der Strömungsmaschine 1 die Drehzahl der elektrischen Maschine 11 größer ist als die Drehzahl der Propellerwelle 4 (z.B. 4 bis 5faches der Propellerdrehzahl).The electric motor 11 is designed as a high-speed machine, wherein the planetary gear 6 is designed so that during operation of the turbomachine 1, the rotational speed of the electric machine 11 is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft 4 (for example 4 to 5 times the propeller speed).

Von besonderem Vorteil erfolgt eine Kühlung des elektrischen Motors 11 zumindest zum größten Teil durch eine Wärmeübertragung durch das Gehäuse 2 der Strömungsmaschine 1 hindurch an das Meerwasser außerhalb der Strömungsmaschine 1.Of particular advantage, a cooling of the electric motor 11 takes place at least for the most part by a heat transfer through the housing 2 of the turbomachine 1 to the seawater outside the turbomachine 1.

Bevorzugt sind der elektrische Motor 11 und das Getriebe 6 gekapselt und damit besonders gut gegen Einflüsse von außen geschützt.Preferably, the electric motor 11 and the gear 6 are encapsulated and thus particularly well protected against external influences.

FIG 2 zeigt die Strömungsmaschine 1 von FIG 1, wobei sich jedoch kein elektrischer Motor im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 befindet. Statt dessen ist die Propellerwelle 3 über das Getriebe 6 mit einer Vertikalwelle 21 (L-Anordnung) gekoppelt, die mit einem nicht näher gezeigten elektrischen Motor gekoppelt ist, der im Inneren des Schiffsrumpfes 10 angeordnet ist. Dabei ist zur Kraftübertragung zwischen der Propellerwelle 4 und der Vertikalwelle 21 in dem Antriebsstrang zwischen dem Planetengetriebe 6 und der Vertikalwelle 21 ein Tellerrad-Kegelrad-Getriebe 22 angeordnet. FIG. 2 shows the turbomachine 1 of FIG. 1 but with no electric motor inside the housing 2. Instead, the propeller shaft 3 is coupled via the gear 6 with a vertical shaft 21 (L-arrangement), which is coupled to an electric motor not shown in detail, which is arranged in the interior of the hull 10. In this case, a crown-bevel gear 22 is arranged for transmitting power between the propeller shaft 4 and the vertical shaft 21 in the drive train between the planetary gear 6 and the vertical shaft 21.

FIG 3 zeigt die Strömungsmaschine 1 von FIG 1 mit einer in das Gehäuse 2 integrierten und an dem Getriebegehäuse 7 anliegenden Wellendichtung 9 statt mit einer in das Getriebegehäuse 7 integrierten Wellendichtung. Auch bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung kann besonders leicht Wärme von der Dichtung 9 an die Getriebeflüssigkeit 8 übertragen sowie eine nur verhältnismäßig geringe Druckdifferenz an der Dichtung ermöglicht werden, wodurch die im Zusammenhang mit FIG 1 erläuterten Vorteile erzielt werden. Das Getriebegehäuse 7 besteht hierbei bevorzugt aus einem besonders wärmeleitfähigen Material. FIG. 3 shows the turbomachine 1 of FIG. 1 with a built-in the housing 2 and applied to the transmission housing 7 shaft seal 9 instead of a built-in gear housing 7 shaft seal. Even with such a configuration, heat from the seal 9 can be transmitted to the transmission fluid 8 particularly easily and a relatively small pressure difference at the seal can be made possible, whereby the associated with FIG. 1 explained advantages are achieved. The gear housing 7 here preferably consists of a particularly thermally conductive material.

Die Strömungsmaschinen 1 der FIG 1 - 3 können auf ihrer dem Propeller 3 abgewandten Seite jeweils eine weitere vorstehend geschilderte erfindungsgemäße Anordnung eines Propellers, einer Propellerwelle, einer Wellendichtung und eines Getriebes aufweisen, wobei die Propellerwelle bzw. der Propeller mit der gleichen elektrischen Maschine 11 oder mit einer zweiten elektrischen Maschine gekoppelt sein können. Die beiden Propeller können dabei in gleicher Richtung rotieren oder auch kontrarotieren, wobei die Drehgeschwindigkeiten gleich oder auch unterschiedlich sein können.The turbomachines 1 of 1 - 3 can each have another above-described arrangement of a propeller, a propeller shaft, a shaft seal and a gear on its side facing away from the propeller 3, wherein the propeller shaft or the propeller can be coupled to the same electric machine 11 or to a second electric machine , The two propellers can rotate in the same direction or even contrarotate, the rotational speeds may be the same or different.

Die Strömungsmaschinen 1 der FIG 1 - 3 sind modular aus einem Druckpropellermodul 23, einem Getriebemodul 24, einem Motormodul 25 und einem Endkappenmodul 26 aufgebaut. Die Module 23 - 26 sind dabei Bestandteile eines modularen Baukastensystems, das Getriebemodule, Motormodule und Propellermodule unterschiedlicher Leistungsklassen und -charakteristiken, Untersetzungsverhältnissen, Drehgeschwindigkeiten, Drehrichtungen, etc. umfasst.The turbomachines 1 of 1 - 3 are modularly constructed from a pressure propeller module 23, a transmission module 24, a motor module 25 and an end cap module 26. The modules 23-26 are components of a modular system, includes gear modules, motor modules and propeller modules of different power classes and characteristics, reduction ratios, rotational speeds, directions of rotation, etc.

Claims (13)

  1. Non-positive displacement engine (1) having
    - a housing (2),
    - at least one propeller (3) outside of the housing (2),
    - a propeller shaft (4), which is coupled to the propeller (3), wherein the propeller shaft (4) is supported within the housing (2) and is guided out of the housing (2) via an opening (5),
    - a transmission (6), which is coupled to the propeller shaft (4), wherein the transmission (6) is arranged within the housing (2) and includes a transmission housing (7),
    - a shaft seal (9), which seals the opening (5) against an ingress of fluid into the housing (2),
    characterised in that the transmission housing (7) is filled at least partly with a transmission fluid (8) and the shaft seal (9) rests against the transmission housing (7) or is integrated into the transmission housing (7).
  2. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the transmission (6) is embodied as a planetary gear set.
  3. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that the transmission (6) is coupled to an electric machine (11).
  4. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that the electric machine (11) is arranged within the housing (2).
  5. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the transmission (6) is embodied such that during operation of the non-positive displacement engine (1), the rotational speed of the electric machine (11) is greater than the rotational speed of the propeller shaft (4).
  6. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one part of the transmission housing (7) forms a part of the housing (2) of the non-positive displacement engine (1).
  7. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the electric machine (11) includes a machine housing (13), wherein at least one part of the machine housing (13) forms a part of the housing (2) of the non-positive displacement engine (1).
  8. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that the machine housing (13) rests against the transmission housing (7).
  9. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 3, characterised in that a cooling of the electric machine (11) takes place by transferring heat through the housing (2) of the non-positive displacement engine (1) to the environment outside of the non-positive displacement engine (1).
  10. Non-positive displacement engine (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterised by a modular design comprising at least one or two propeller modules (23), one or two transmission modules (24) and one or two motor modules (25).
  11. Use of the non-positive displacement engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10 as a drive facility for a floating or submersible facility, such as for instance a ship or an offshore platform, wherein the non-positive displacement engine is fastened to a hull (10) of the floating or submersible facility, preferably able to rotate horizontally and/or vertically.
  12. Use of the non-positive displacement engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10 as a pump, a ventilator or a compressor.
  13. Use of the non-positive displacement engine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10 as a turbine, in particular to generate current in a floating or submersible facility, in a marine current power station or tidal power station or in a wind power station.
EP10706611.0A 2009-03-02 2010-02-26 Non-positive displacement engine with a housing having improved watertightness Not-in-force EP2403750B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009011289A DE102009011289A1 (en) 2009-03-02 2009-03-02 Turbomachine with a housing with increased tightness
PCT/EP2010/052505 WO2010100094A2 (en) 2009-03-02 2010-02-26 Turbomachine having a housing having increased impermeability

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2403750A2 EP2403750A2 (en) 2012-01-11
EP2403750B1 true EP2403750B1 (en) 2014-04-02

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DE (1) DE102009011289A1 (en)
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NL2006678C2 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-10-30 Imc Corporate Licensing B V POD WITH REDUCTION DRIVE.
ITVE20120020A1 (en) * 2012-07-02 2014-01-03 Franco Moro ELECTRIC OUTBOARD MOTOR UNIT.
TWM481195U (en) * 2013-07-11 2014-07-01 Chien-Chung Kang Multiple waterproof chamber structure for rotating rod
CN109795658B (en) * 2017-11-17 2022-02-01 西门子能源国际公司 Supporting device of nacelle type propeller and nacelle type propeller
CN107804447A (en) * 2017-12-01 2018-03-16 广东杰鹏游艇产业发展有限公司 A kind of motor for applying to yacht promotes and control system
EP4116185A1 (en) * 2021-07-05 2023-01-11 ABB Oy A propulsion unit for a marine vessel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD15207A (en) *
US3799291A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-03-26 Schottel Werft Lubricating device for a z-drive for ships
DE2533306A1 (en) * 1975-07-25 1977-02-17 Hurth Masch Zahnrad Carl Bevel gear for high output propeller - has transversely divided take-off shaft with joint between bearings
DE19801448C2 (en) * 1998-01-16 2001-09-27 Siemens Ag Electric propulsion system for ships
DE29823993U1 (en) * 1998-11-11 2000-07-06 Siemens Ag Redundant device with counter-rotating propellers for propelling ships or other maritime objects
FI110254B (en) * 2000-09-25 2002-12-31 Abb Oy Arrangement of the installation of the ship's propulsion system and its associated method and equipment
DE60102064T2 (en) * 2000-12-08 2004-12-30 Kobelco Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Takasago Sealing for a housing propeller
KR100815831B1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2008-03-24 에이비비 오와이 A ship's propulsion arrangement and method
US20080233814A1 (en) 2007-03-23 2008-09-25 Reinhold Reuter Propulsion drive

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Publication number Publication date
ES2458546T3 (en) 2014-05-06
EP2403750A2 (en) 2012-01-11
WO2010100094A2 (en) 2010-09-10
WO2010100094A3 (en) 2011-05-12
DE102009011289A1 (en) 2010-09-09

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