EP2397619A1 - System aus selbsttragenden Mauerwerkswänden und Bauverfahren - Google Patents

System aus selbsttragenden Mauerwerkswänden und Bauverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2397619A1
EP2397619A1 EP11170144A EP11170144A EP2397619A1 EP 2397619 A1 EP2397619 A1 EP 2397619A1 EP 11170144 A EP11170144 A EP 11170144A EP 11170144 A EP11170144 A EP 11170144A EP 2397619 A1 EP2397619 A1 EP 2397619A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reinforcing bars
masonry
pieces
self
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11170144A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Luis Adell López
Manuel Serra Armangué
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEO-HIDROL, S.A.
Torho SA
Original Assignee
Geo-Hidrol SA
Torho SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geo-Hidrol SA, Torho SA filed Critical Geo-Hidrol SA
Publication of EP2397619A1 publication Critical patent/EP2397619A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/48—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0254—Tie rods

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a system for constructing masonry walls using prefabricated masonry pieces made from any material and other auxiliary elements, joined in a mechanical manner, having its main application in the construction of monolithic self-supporting walls, with strong structural features. It also refers to a construction procedure of said self-supporting masonry walls.
  • Spanish Patent 2061377 entitled “System of construction of enclosures and habitats", which refers to a system with walls supported on a foundation in which the foundation comprises an inferior granular base, a course of prefabricated solid blocks embedded in line, and an upper distribution plate; this upper distribution comprises a tied reinforcing rod inserted into the cited blocks, at least partially, and covered by a cap of cement or concrete running the length of the course of blocks, with a width equal to or slightly wider than the wall, and with the embedded reinforcing rods.
  • Walls made without interior reinforcing have some mechanical conditions that could be subpar for transmitting the actions that bear directly on the wall to the structure of the building, basically the lateral actions caused by wind or earthquakes.
  • the object of the instant invention is to provide a system of self-supporting masonry walls with high structural functions that do not require mortar or any other type of conglomerate to be built.
  • the invention teaches a system of self-supporting masonry walls, that comprises an assembly of interlocking masonry pieces with inward cuts, outward protuberances and grooves on the top edges and on the upper and lower faces, and reinforcing bars placed on the plane of the masonry pieces of some of the courses, in which:
  • the invention also teaches a procedure of constructing self-supporting masonry walls, that employs the above system and that comprises the following steps:
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the extraordinary ease of construction of the wall. This is because it is only necessary to set the first course; the rest of the wall is raised engaging pieces, and so the verticality and flatness of the element is guaranteed the whole time, without requiring the service of a person skilled in masonry.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show system 1 of self-supporting walls of the invention and the main constituting elements of the same, namely, masonry pieces 2, reinforcing rods 7 and the joining means (in the shape of joining staples 9 in Figure 3 ), the purpose of which is to obtain dry joint constructed masonry units with structure performances of solidity and monolithic character, so that that walls constructed in this way are self-supporting without the need of any auxiliary exterior support structure.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of several engaged masonry pieces 2.
  • This Figure and Figure 2 shows the interlocking masonry on the plan and on the top edge, as well as the grooves bored in said pieces 2 for lodging reinforcing bars 7.
  • System 1 enables a perfect engagement between masonry pieces 2, both if available in the classic pairing and if carried out with continuous joints, due to the specific geometry of the same, with grooves and protuberances in the plane and on the edges, that enable the coupling of pieces 2 by the interlocking procedure both horizontally and vertically.
  • System 1 likewise presents an efficient joining of pieces 2 and the metallic elements that constitute the interior reinforcing bars of the wall, by means of mechanical devices that act in the manner of staples 9 (one of which is represented in Figure 3 ), enabling the assembly to have the corresponding structural behavior of an monolithic element capable of resisting bending forces having a considerable value.
  • Masonry pieces 2 constituting elements of system 1 may be made of any of the materials customarily used. When speaking of masonry pieces reference is made to those units that can be a hydraulic based material (concrete blocks), ceramic materials (baked clay), artificial stone, etc.
  • the sizes of pieces 2 can vary, although they must meet two basic requirements. The first requirement is that they must have a weight that permits manual placement by a single worker. The second requirement is that they must have a width of no less than 110mm so that the resulting walls will have the possibility of being self-supporting, that is, that they can hold themselves up without the need of profile elements or auxiliary support substructures.
  • pieces 2 are specific so as to enable their assembly through interlocking, without the need of any type of mortar in the construction of the wall. For this end they have inward cuts 3 and outward protuberances 4, and grooves 5 in the joining faces. There is only one position in which pieces 2 interlock with the next, which ensures a perfect plumbing and leveling of the constructed wall.
  • pieces 2 have cavities that cross the wall horizontally, to make possible the drainage of runoff water that could penetrate from the exterior or porous humidity from condensation or construction that exists in the layers of the external walls.
  • Reinforcing bars 7 are prefabricated elements, in general metallic, with different geometric configurations, with an essential requirement that they cannot be deformable in their plane. They can be constituted by steel bars, in a lattice configuration, with two longitudinal cords 11, joined at their vertices by soldering with another diagonal cord in zigzag 12, forming a triangular shape (as shown in Figures 1 and 2 ). They can also be constituted by sheet metal with the corresponding tabs folded to enable the engagement in the grooves of pieces 2 (not shown in the figures).
  • the sequence of the lattice steps (when reinforcing rods 7 are made of bars) or the sequence of the position of the engaging tabs (when reinforcing rods 7 are made of folded sheet metal) must have the same sequence as recesses 6 of pieces 2, so as to enable their correct lodging.
  • Reinforcing rods 7 are placed in the grooves bored in the plane of pieces 2, which must run horizontally along the entire length of the wall.
  • the length of reinforcing rods 7 is variable, according to manufacturing and transportation conditions, although in the calculations they must be considered continuous. Therefore, it is necessary to adequately resolve the overlaps with mechanical overlapping devices that enable the correct transmission of forces.
  • the exterior protection of the metallic material that constitutes reinforcing rods 7 must be adequate for resisting, without rusting, the possibility of humidity entering the interior of the wall.
  • Figure 2 shows a detailed perspective view of Figure 1 , in which can be seen reinforcing rods 7 consisting in steel rods of a triangular truss type and their lodging in masonry piece 2.
  • Figure 2 shows recesses 6 in the plane of pieces 2, conveniently spaced to leave the space necessary for soldered junctions 13 of reinforcing rods 7.
  • Longitudinal cords 11 of reinforcing rods 7 are left encased in the horizontal grooves that run continuously in the plane of pieces 2. With this the wall is endowed with a monolithic character to enable it to withstand lateral actions perpendicular to its plane.
  • reinforcing rods 7 For reinforcing rods 7 to be able to fulfill their purpose of withstanding lateral bending or vertical bending forces (as the case may be) that the wall must transmit, it is absolutely necessary that the horizontal movement of pieces 6 and reinforcing rods 7 be compatible. This requires an efficient connection between both elements so that the reinforced wall may be considered an assembly with monolithic behavior, and differential movements may be avoided in a longitudinal direction between reinforcing rods 7 and masonry pieces 2.
  • System 1 foresees the connection of reinforcing rods 7 and masonry pieces 2 by means of a connection like joining or immobilization staples 9 (see Figure 3 ), that function by pressure.
  • Staple 9 is placed in its corresponding location in recesses 6 of the plane of masonry piece 2 and when piece 2 is coupled staple 9 exerts the necessary pressure for the connection of reinforcing rod 7 with masonry piece 2.
  • the number of staples 9 or the sequence required for them must be determined by calculating.
  • reinforcing rods 7 Given that the length of reinforcing rods 7 is limited, generally it becomes necessary to use and couple several of them to construct walls that will overlap at a determined length according to the invention, so as to give continuity to reinforcing rods 7.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are perspective views of the schematics of system 1 with connecting rods 7 in the overlap points.
  • the length of the overlap must be sufficient so that at least one junction 13 of each reinforcing rod 7 is left connected with the same.
  • the rods overlap vertically, in such a way that reinforcing rod 7 are left superimposed on different planes.
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of system 1 constituting the invention, with reinforcing rods 7 in the overlap zone 10, in which the length of the overlap implies a junction 13 of each latticed reinforcing rod 7.
  • Figure 5 shows a perspective view of system 1 constituting the invention, with reinforcing rods 7 in overlap zone 10, in which the length of the overlap implies two junctions 13 of each latticed reinforcing rod 7.
  • FIG. 6 is a detailed perspective view of system 1 of the invention, in which two lengths of reinforcing rods 7 are represented with their overlap zone 10, and in which it can be seen that the length of the overlap implies two junctions 13 of latticed reinforcing rods 7.
  • mechanical overlap devices may be employed (not represented in Figures 4, 5 and 6 , but represented in Figure 7 ).
  • One example of the mechanical overlap device could be connecting staple 9 (see Figure 7 ), which, besides carrying out its function of connecting a section of reinforcing rods 7 to masonry piece 2, can also connect the two overlap zones 10 of two consecutive sections of reinforcing rods 7.
  • Said Figure 7 is a sectioned detail view, formed by cutting around overlap zone 10, of a wall with reinforcing rods incorporated and a mechanical overlap device in the form of connecting staple 9.
  • Figure 8 is a sectioned detail cut around the zone of the overlap, with reinforcing rod 7 incorporated.
  • the section of piece 2 is shown corresponding to a vertical half plane, as well as the lodging grooves of reinforcing rods 7.
  • the detail shows the placement of reinforcing rods overlapping vertically.
  • sectioned piece 2 In this detail the geometry of sectioned piece 2 is shown, in which can be seen inward cut 3 and outward protuberance 4 on the plane for the perfect engagement of the same.
  • System 1 of the invention can also comprise optionally other support elements capable of being incorporated into it, such as the connectors or anchoring devices (not shown). These elements have the function of keeping the wall from overturning and transmitting the reactions generated in the edges of the wall to the structure, stemming from its structural task. These devices are efficiently connected to reinforcing rods 7 with mechanical type processes, by means of pressure or engagement.
  • the position of the anchoring devices must be in the grooves that are provided for reinforcing rods 7, horizontally separated with the same sequence (or multiple thereof) that the 6 recesses located on the plane of pieces 2 have.
  • devices that administer a selective reaction against the building structure should be used, in such a way that they permit some determined movements (in particular, the contents in the plane of the wall) and prevent others, so as to avoid pathological processes provoked by local accumulations of tension.
  • auxiliary elements enable connecting the wall to the structure and to the rest of the construction elements of the buildings if the particular situation of the wall so requires.
  • the course interspersed with reinforcing bars 7 and connecting means like connecting staples 9 can be placed every 5 or 6 courses, for example.
  • system 1 is very broad, given that a wall constructed in this manner not only holds itself up, but also can have an important structural function in the transmission of forces determined by calculation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
EP11170144A 2010-06-16 2011-06-16 System aus selbsttragenden Mauerwerkswänden und Bauverfahren Withdrawn EP2397619A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201030933A ES2385010B1 (es) 2010-06-16 2010-06-16 Sistema de muros autoportantes de albañilería y procedimiento para su construcción.

Related Parent Applications (1)

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ES201030933 Previously-Filed-Application 2010-06-16

Publications (1)

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EP2397619A1 true EP2397619A1 (de) 2011-12-21

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EP11170144A Withdrawn EP2397619A1 (de) 2010-06-16 2011-06-16 System aus selbsttragenden Mauerwerkswänden und Bauverfahren

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EP (1) EP2397619A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2385010B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022144772A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Associação Cecolab - Collaborative Laboratory Towards Circular Economy Masonry system
CN115784571A (zh) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-14 彩虹显示器件股份有限公司 一种基板玻璃通道升温段的支撑结构

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2106177A (en) * 1936-12-15 1938-01-25 Victor J Hultquist Building unit
US2929238A (en) * 1957-04-23 1960-03-22 Karl H Kaye Masonry joint mesh strip
EP0340840A1 (de) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Mauerwerk mit einer Bewehrungsvorrichtung
ES2061377A2 (es) 1992-11-13 1994-12-01 Juan Roces S A Sistema de construccion de recintos o habitaculos.
DE29606867U1 (de) * 1996-04-16 1996-07-25 Reusing, Dieter, 73560 Böbingen Wandsystem für Gebäudewände mit Schalungselementen, die variabel kombinierbar sind
US20070245660A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-25 Scott Robert E Wall construction system and method

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2684589A (en) * 1948-02-07 1954-07-27 Formbloc Inc Interlocking hollow building block
US3183628A (en) * 1962-10-12 1965-05-18 Lox All Sales Corp Masonry wall reinforcing means

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2106177A (en) * 1936-12-15 1938-01-25 Victor J Hultquist Building unit
US2929238A (en) * 1957-04-23 1960-03-22 Karl H Kaye Masonry joint mesh strip
EP0340840A1 (de) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Mauerwerk mit einer Bewehrungsvorrichtung
ES2061377A2 (es) 1992-11-13 1994-12-01 Juan Roces S A Sistema de construccion de recintos o habitaculos.
DE29606867U1 (de) * 1996-04-16 1996-07-25 Reusing, Dieter, 73560 Böbingen Wandsystem für Gebäudewände mit Schalungselementen, die variabel kombinierbar sind
US20070245660A1 (en) * 2006-03-29 2007-10-25 Scott Robert E Wall construction system and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022144772A1 (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-07-07 Associação Cecolab - Collaborative Laboratory Towards Circular Economy Masonry system
CN115784571A (zh) * 2022-12-09 2023-03-14 彩虹显示器件股份有限公司 一种基板玻璃通道升温段的支撑结构

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Publication number Publication date
ES2385010A1 (es) 2012-07-30
ES2385010B1 (es) 2013-06-12

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