EP2395243B1 - Method for controlling the operation of a compressor - Google Patents

Method for controlling the operation of a compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2395243B1
EP2395243B1 EP20100151519 EP10151519A EP2395243B1 EP 2395243 B1 EP2395243 B1 EP 2395243B1 EP 20100151519 EP20100151519 EP 20100151519 EP 10151519 A EP10151519 A EP 10151519A EP 2395243 B1 EP2395243 B1 EP 2395243B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
temperature
compressor power
control unit
request
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EP20100151519
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2395243A1 (en
Inventor
Marek Engelhardt
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Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
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Continental Teves AG and Co OHG
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Publication of EP2395243A1 publication Critical patent/EP2395243A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/10—Other safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
    • F04B2201/08—Cylinder or housing parameters
    • F04B2201/0801—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0205—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/11—Outlet temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 for controlling the operation of a compressor.
  • compressors are frequently used in which a gaseous or liquid medium can be brought to a pressure which is above the ambient pressure.
  • the gaseous or liquid medium is often used as a control pressure medium, for example actuators, in particular piston-cylinder arrangements, can be acted upon.
  • An application in motor vehicles results from the need to supply the air springs of a level control system with compressed air such that it brings the body of the vehicle in a driving situation equitable distance to the road surface. Since such a level control system does not constantly provide for a height adjustment of the body of the vehicle, an associated compressor is required only ever put into operation if the need exists.
  • the corresponding compressors are usually designed as electric motor driven piston compressors. In order to minimize the cost of the compressors used relatively small compressors are increasingly used, which are thermally significantly burdened in a possibly longer-lasting operation, so that components can heat unacceptably high. Excessive thermal stress is usually first the exhaust valve or the piston seal of a reciprocating compressor damaged, which can ultimately lead to failure of the compressor and thus the level control system.
  • a compressor can be operated variably in terms of its on and off times.
  • the current duty cycle should be adapted to the current operating conditions of the compressor.
  • the switch-on duration can be varied, for example as a function of the prevailing in the environment of the compressor air temperature and air flow rate such that the duty cycle is shortened becomes, as the ambient temperature increases, and is prolonged as it decreases.
  • the ambient temperature can be determined based on a model calculation from the current vehicle exterior air temperature and / or theharamotoransaug Kunststofftemperatur.
  • the disadvantage here is that the known method as all duty cycle methods is consistently inaccurate because it does not take into account the thermodynamic properties of the compressor itself.
  • the controller takes, for example, no influence on the temperature band in which the compressor is ultimately operated.
  • a method for temperature-controlled control of a compressor for air suspension of a motor vehicle is known, which is designed as an estimation method and manages without a separate temperature sensor on the compressor.
  • the compressor is switched off by a control unit when a temperature estimate calculated by the latter exceeds an upper threshold value, or is switched on or is allowed to be switched on if a lower threshold value is undershot.
  • the respective last temperature estimated value is increased by a certain temperature jump when the compressor is switched on, the extent of which depends on the height of the last estimated value.
  • the estimated value is increased during a compressor operation in a predetermined manner and lowered at standstill of the compressor in a predetermined manner.
  • the disadvantage here is that the underlying for the process linear relationships in practice usually not present, since at large temperature differences, the temperature changes are greater than at small temperature differences. The temperature jump also does not take place in reality immediately, so that in this area, the control technology availability of the compressor is disadvantageously reduced.
  • EP-A-0 416 831 discloses a method of controlling the operation of the compressor, in which the compressor is shut down by a thermal damage control controller when a maximum value of the compressor temperature is reached or exceeded, and in which at least two system components direct compressor power requests to the controller and the Controller allocates compressor power to system components based on compressor power requests.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 for controlling the operation of a compressor in which the flexibility of the control is increased.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the operation of the compressor can be made more flexible and adapted to the respective requirements when incoming compressor power requests of the system components are not necessarily processed in the order of their temporal input.
  • the invention is based on the idea to take into account in the allocation of compressor power according to the respective compressor power requests, to which increase the compressor temperature would cause the processing of the respective compressor power request. If the compressor has been switched off by the controller when a maximum value of the compressor temperature has been reached, incoming compressor power requests are initially not answered by the controller in order to allow the compressor to cool down so that thermal damage is avoided.
  • the control unit determines, based on an instantaneous compressor temperature calculated or measured as an estimated value, whether the temperature increase ⁇ T1 associated with the processing of the request becomes Reaching or exceeding the maximum compressor temperature would result. In this case the request will not be answered. However, if at the same time a further request or among several other requests before a query whose execution would lead to a lower temperature increase ⁇ T2, which does not lead to exceeding the maximum value of the compressor temperature from the current compressor temperature, so this request according to the invention in the execution be preferred.
  • the inventive method can also be carried out when there are a plurality of requests that can be stored according to their temporal input in the manner of a queue, but according to the invention are not necessarily processed according to the temporal order of their input. If there are several inquiries that would lead to different temperature increases of the compressor temperature, it is quite possible that these requests are processed in the inventive method according to the time sequence of their input, provided that this order of processing the criteria used in the invention, namely the current Compressor temperature and expected when processing the request increase the compressor temperature corresponds.
  • a request is selected by the control unit, the execution of which, starting from the instantaneous compressor temperature and the expected increase in the compressor temperature during execution, does not lead to an exceeding of the maximum value of the compressor temperature. In this way, thermal damage to the compressor are reliably avoided.
  • a development of the invention provides that the allocation of compressor power is performed independently of the time sequence of the input of the compressor power requests. In this way, a high degree of flexibility is achieved in the processing of inquiries. However, it is not excluded that the order of execution of the requests coincidentally corresponds to the chronological order of their receipt.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides, in the allocation of compressor power, a classification of the compressor power requests, for example, in terms of safety aspects, is taken into account. If, for example, a compressor power request for a particularly system-important function, for example in a motor vehicle for the vehicle safety or pedestrian protection relevant system function, so a request can be prioritized, so that this prioritization overrides the inventively used for the allocation of compressor power criteria.
  • Embodiment the cooling of the processor continues until the associated with the safety-related system function compressor performance request is processed.
  • the instantaneous compressor temperature can be measured or calculated as a temperature estimate by the control unit.
  • a calculation of the instantaneous compressor temperature as a temperature estimate has the advantage that sensors for sensing the compressor temperature are not required. In this way, a particularly simple and interference-insensitive construction.
  • Corresponding methods for calculating the compressor temperature are, for example, by DE 103 30 121 A1 and EP 1 644 640 B1 are known and are therefore not explained here.
  • a compressor for example in connection with a level control system of a motor vehicle, is controlled by a control unit.
  • the compressor is turned off by the thermal damage prevention control unit when a maximum value ⁇ Tmax of the compressor temperature is reached or exceeded.
  • the request S1 requires a compressor power P1 and leads to an increase in the compressor temperature by .DELTA.T1.
  • the request S2 needs a compressor power P2 and leads to an increase of the compressor temperature by ⁇ T2
  • the request S3 needs a compressor power P3 and leads to a temperature increase ⁇ T3.
  • ⁇ T1 ⁇ T2 ⁇ T3 be assumed.
  • the controller continuously calculates the current compressor temperature as a temperature estimate and determines whether the compressor has already cooled enough to be able to respond to compressor power requests.
  • the control unit determines that, based on the instantaneous compressor temperature, the temperature increase ⁇ T3 associated with the request S3 would result in exceeding the maximum value of the compressor temperature ⁇ Tmax, the lower temperature increase ⁇ T1 associated with the request S1 will not result in exceeding the maximum value ⁇ Tmax Compressor temperature leads, so the request S1 is first answered, so that the requesting system component, the required compressor power P1 is allocated, so that the associated system function is performed. After completing the appropriate system function, compressor cooling can continue. If the cooling has progressed so far that the temperature increase ⁇ T2 associated with the request S2 would not lead to the maximum value of the compressor temperature being exceeded, then this request can first be answered. Only then and after a further cooling of the process, the query S3 is answered.
  • the control unit would take the compressor back into operation only when it has cooled down so far that the temperature increase associated with the request S3 ⁇ T3 would not lead to exceeding the maximum compressor temperature. If the compressor is cooled down accordingly, the required compressor power P3 is allocated according to the request S3. Inquiries S1 and S2, which would lead to lower temperature increases of the compressor temperature, are therefore not preferred in the case of such a classification.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art zur Steuerung des Betriebs eines Kompressors.The invention relates to a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 for controlling the operation of a compressor.

In Kraftfahrzeugen werden häufig Kompressoren verwendet, in denen ein gasförmiges oder flüssiges Medium auf einen Druck bringbar ist, der über dem Umgebungsdruck liegt. Das gasförmige oder flüssige Medium wird häufig als Steuerdruckmedium genutzt, mit dem beispielsweise Aktuatoren, insbesondere Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnungen, beaufschlagbar sind.In motor vehicles, compressors are frequently used in which a gaseous or liquid medium can be brought to a pressure which is above the ambient pressure. The gaseous or liquid medium is often used as a control pressure medium, for example actuators, in particular piston-cylinder arrangements, can be acted upon.

Ein Anwendungsfall in Kraftfahrzeugen ergibt sich aus der Notwendigkeit, die Luftfedern einer Niveauregulierungsanlage derart mit Druckluft zu versorgen, dass diese die Karosserie des Fahrzeugs in einen fahrsituationsgerechten Abstand zur Fahrbahnoberfläche bringt. Da eine solche Niveauregulierungsanlage nicht ständig für eine Höhenverstellung der Karosserie des Fahrzeugs sorgt, wird ein zugehöriger Kompressor bedarfsgerecht immer nur dann in Betrieb genommen, wenn die Notwendigkeit dazu besteht. Die entsprechenden Kompressoren sind in der Regel als elektromotorisch betriebene Kolbenkompressoren ausgebildet. Zur Minimierung der Kosten für die verwendeten Kompressoren werden verstärkt relativ kleine Kompressoren eingesetzt, die bei einem ggf. länger dauernden Betrieb thermisch erheblich belastet werden, so dass sich Bauteile unzulässig hoch erwärmen können. Bei zu starker thermischer Beanspruchung wird in der Regel zuerst das Auslaßventil oder die Kolbendichtung eines Kolbenkompressors beschädigt, was letztlich zu einem Ausfall des Kompressors und damit der Niveauregulierungsanlage führen kann.An application in motor vehicles results from the need to supply the air springs of a level control system with compressed air such that it brings the body of the vehicle in a driving situation equitable distance to the road surface. Since such a level control system does not constantly provide for a height adjustment of the body of the vehicle, an associated compressor is required only ever put into operation if the need exists. The corresponding compressors are usually designed as electric motor driven piston compressors. In order to minimize the cost of the compressors used relatively small compressors are increasingly used, which are thermally significantly burdened in a possibly longer-lasting operation, so that components can heat unacceptably high. Excessive thermal stress is usually first the exhaust valve or the piston seal of a reciprocating compressor damaged, which can ultimately lead to failure of the compressor and thus the level control system.

Zur Vermeidung derartiger Schäden ist es beispielsweise durch DE 15 03 446 A1 , DE 19 43 936 A1 und EP 1 253 321 A2 bekannt, die Temperatur des Kompressors im Bereich der thermisch stark belasteten Bauteile direkt zu messen und bei einer thermischen Überlastung den Kompressor zur Abkühlung abzuschalten. Nachteilig hierbei ist, dass die notwendigen Temperatursensoren vergleichsweise teuer und bei kleinen Kompressoren aufgrund des beengten Bauraums im interessierenden Bereich nur schwer unterzubringen sind. Zwar deutet EP 1 253 321 A2 an, dass die Steuerung des Kompressorbetriebs auch ohne Temperatursensoren auf der Basis eines thermischen Modells erfolgen kann. Der Inhalt eines solchen Meß- bzw. Steuerungsverfahrens wird dabei jedoch nicht näher definiert.To avoid such damage, it is for example by DE 15 03 446 A1 . DE 19 43 936 A1 and EP 1 253 321 A2 It is known to directly measure the temperature of the compressor in the area of the components subjected to high thermal stress and, in the event of thermal overload, to switch off the compressor for cooling. The disadvantage here is that the necessary temperature sensors are relatively expensive and are difficult to accommodate for small compressors due to the limited space in the area of interest. Although indicates EP 1 253 321 A2 assume that the control of the compressor operation can also take place without temperature sensors on the basis of a thermal model. However, the content of such a measurement or control method is not defined in more detail.

Durch DE 39 19 407 A1 und DE 40 30 475 A1 ist es bekannt, die thermische Belastung eines Kompressors über die elektrische Leistungsaufnahme und/oder die Betriebsdauer des zu dem Kompressor gehörenden Elektromotors zu ermitteln. In eine ähnliche Richtung geht der aus DE 43 33 591 A1 bekannt gewordene Vorschlag, die Steuerung eines Kompressors durch Aufsummieren von dessen Einzeleinschaltzeiten und Einzelabschaltzeiten zu beeinflussen. Die Einzeleinschalt- und Abschaltzeiten stellen jeweils einen von mehreren Einflußfaktoren im Hinblick auf die thermische Belastung des Kompressors dar.By DE 39 19 407 A1 and DE 40 30 475 A1 It is known to determine the thermal load of a compressor on the electrical power consumption and / or the operating time of belonging to the compressor electric motor. In a similar direction goes out DE 43 33 591 A1 become known proposal to influence the control of a compressor by summing its individual Einschaltzeiten and Einzelabschaltzeiten. The individual switch-on and switch-off times each represent one of several influencing factors with regard to the thermal loading of the compressor.

Durch DE 198 12 234 C2 ist es bekannt, dass ein Kompressor hinsichtlich seiner Ein- und Ausschaltzeiten variabel betrieben werden kann. Dabei soll die jeweils aktuelle Einschaltdauer an die aktuellen Betriebsbedingungen des Kompressors angepaßt werden. Als Parameter, in dessen Abhängigkeit die Einschaltdauer des Kompressors variiert wird, dienen die Wärmeübertragungsbedingungen, die zwischen dem Kompressor und der diesen umgebenden Luft herrschen. Dabei kann die Einschaltdauer beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von der in der Umgebung des Kompressors herrschenden Lufttemperatur und Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit derart variiert werden, dass die Einschaltdauer verkürzt wird, wenn die Umgebungstemperatur zunimmt, und verlängert wird, wenn sie abnimmt. Die Umgebungstemperatur kann dabei anhand einer Modellrechnung aus der aktuellen Fahrzeugaußenlufttemperatur und/oder der Fahrzeugmotoransauglufttemperatur bestimmt werden. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass das bekannte Verfahren wie alle Einschaltdauermethoden durchweg ungenau ist, weil es die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften des Kompressors selbst nicht berücksichtigt. Die Steuerung nimmt dabei beispielsweise keinen Einfluß darauf, in welchem Temperaturband der Kompressor letztlich betrieben wird.By DE 198 12 234 C2 It is known that a compressor can be operated variably in terms of its on and off times. The current duty cycle should be adapted to the current operating conditions of the compressor. As a parameter, depending on the duty cycle of the compressor is varied, serve the heat transfer conditions that prevail between the compressor and the surrounding air. In this case, the switch-on duration can be varied, for example as a function of the prevailing in the environment of the compressor air temperature and air flow rate such that the duty cycle is shortened becomes, as the ambient temperature increases, and is prolonged as it decreases. The ambient temperature can be determined based on a model calculation from the current vehicle exterior air temperature and / or the Fahrzeugmotoransauglufttemperatur. The disadvantage here is that the known method as all duty cycle methods is consistently inaccurate because it does not take into account the thermodynamic properties of the compressor itself. The controller takes, for example, no influence on the temperature band in which the compressor is ultimately operated.

Durch DE 196 21 946 C2 ist ein Verfahren zur temperaturgestützten Steuerung eines Kompressors für eine Luftfederung eines Kraftfahrzeugs bekannt, das als Schätzverfahren ausgestaltet ist und ohne einen gesonderten Temperatursensor am Kompressor auskommt. Dazu ist vorgesehen, dass der Kompressor von einem Steuergerät abgeschaltet wird, wenn ein von diesem berechneter Temperatur-Schätzwert einen oberen Schwellenwert überschreitet, oder eingeschaltet wird bzw. ein Einschalten gestattet wird, wenn ein unterer Schwellenwert unterschritten wird. Dazu wird der jeweils letzte Temperatur-Schätzwert beim Einschalten des Kompressors um einen bestimmten Temperatursprung erhöht, dessen Maß von der Höhe des letzten Schätzwertes abhängig ist. Weiterhin wird der Schätzwert während eines Kompressorbetriebes in vorgegebener Weise erhöht und bei Stillstand des Kompressors in vorgegebener Weise abgesenkt. Nachteilig ist hierbei, da die für das Verfahren zugrundegelegten linearen Zusammenhänge in der Praxis in der Regel nicht vorliegen, da bei großen Temperaturdifferenzen die Temperaturänderungen größer sind als bei kleinen Temperaturdifferenzen. Der Temperatursprung findet außerdem in der Realität nicht augenblicklich statt, so dass in diesem Bereich auch die steuerungstechnische Verfügbarkeit des Kompressors nachteilig herabgesetzt ist.By DE 196 21 946 C2 a method for temperature-controlled control of a compressor for air suspension of a motor vehicle is known, which is designed as an estimation method and manages without a separate temperature sensor on the compressor. For this purpose it is provided that the compressor is switched off by a control unit when a temperature estimate calculated by the latter exceeds an upper threshold value, or is switched on or is allowed to be switched on if a lower threshold value is undershot. For this purpose, the respective last temperature estimated value is increased by a certain temperature jump when the compressor is switched on, the extent of which depends on the height of the last estimated value. Furthermore, the estimated value is increased during a compressor operation in a predetermined manner and lowered at standstill of the compressor in a predetermined manner. The disadvantage here is that the underlying for the process linear relationships in practice usually not present, since at large temperature differences, the temperature changes are greater than at small temperature differences. The temperature jump also does not take place in reality immediately, so that in this area, the control technology availability of the compressor is disadvantageously reduced.

Durch EP 1 644 640 B1 , welches die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs von Anspruchs 1 offenbart, ist ein Verfahren zur Steuerung des Betriebs des Kompressors bekannt, bei dem der Kompressor von einem Steuergerät zur Vermeidung thermischer Schäden dann abgeschaltet wird, wenn ein Maximalwert der Kompressortemperatur erreicht oder überschritten wird, und bei dem wenigstens zwei Systemkomponenten Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen an das Steuergerät richten und das Steuergerät den Systemkomponenten in Abhängigkeit von den Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen Kompressorleistung zuteilt.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 genannten Art zur Steuerung des Betriebs eines Kompressors anzugeben, bei dem die Flexibilität der Steuerung erhöht ist.By EP 1 644 640 B1 EP-A-0 416 831 discloses a method of controlling the operation of the compressor, in which the compressor is shut down by a thermal damage control controller when a maximum value of the compressor temperature is reached or exceeded, and in which at least two system components direct compressor power requests to the controller and the Controller allocates compressor power to system components based on compressor power requests.
The invention has for its object to provide a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 for controlling the operation of a compressor in which the flexibility of the control is increased.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention defined in claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass sich der Betrieb des Kompressors flexibler und an die jeweiligen Anforderungen angepaßter gestalten läßt, wenn eingehende Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen der Systemkomponenten nicht zwangsläufig in der Reihenfolge ihres zeitlichen Einganges abgearbeitet werden. Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung der Gedanke zugrunde, bei der Zuteilung von Kompressorleistung entsprechend den jeweiligen Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen zu berücksichtigen, zu welcher Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur die Abarbeitung der jeweiligen Kompressorleistungs-Anfrage führen würde. Ist der Kompressor von dem Steuergerät beim Erreichen eines Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur abgeschaltet worden, so werden eingehende Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen von dem Steuergerät zunächst nicht beantwortet, um eine Abkühlung des Kompressors zu ermöglichen, so dass thermische Schäden vermieden sind. Geht beispielsweise während der Abkühlungsphase eine Anfrage ein, deren Abarbeitung zu einer Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur um einen Temperaturwert ΔT1 führen würde, so ermittelt das Steuergerät ausgehend von einer als Schätzwert berechneten oder gemessenen momentanen Kompressortemperatur, ob die mit der Abarbeitung der Anfrage verbundene Temperaturerhöhung ΔT1 zu einem Erreichen oder Überschreiten der maximalen Kompressortemperatur führen würde. In diesem Falle wird die Anfrage nicht beantwortet. Liegt jedoch gleichzeitig eine weitere Anfrage oder unter mehreren weiteren Anfragen eine Anfrage vor, deren Abarbeitung zu einer geringeren Temperaturerhöhung Δ T2 führen würde, die ausgehend von der momentanen Kompressortemperatur nicht zu einer Überschreitung des Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur führt, so kann diese Anfrage erfindungsgemäß in der Abarbeitung vorgezogen werden. Nach Abarbeitung der Anfrage und einer damit verbundenen Temperaturerhöhung des Kompressors um Δ T2 kühlt der Kompressor wieder ab. Ist eine Kompressortemperatur erreicht, die so gering ist, dass ausgehend von der momentanen Kompressortemperatur die zu erwartende Temperaturdifferenz ΔT1 nicht zu einer Überschreitung des Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur führt, so kann die zunächst nicht beantwortete Anfrage beantwortet werden.The invention is based on the finding that the operation of the compressor can be made more flexible and adapted to the respective requirements when incoming compressor power requests of the system components are not necessarily processed in the order of their temporal input. On this basis, the invention is based on the idea to take into account in the allocation of compressor power according to the respective compressor power requests, to which increase the compressor temperature would cause the processing of the respective compressor power request. If the compressor has been switched off by the controller when a maximum value of the compressor temperature has been reached, incoming compressor power requests are initially not answered by the controller in order to allow the compressor to cool down so that thermal damage is avoided. If, for example, during the cooling phase, a request arrives, the processing of which would lead to an increase in the compressor temperature by a temperature value ΔT1, then the control unit determines, based on an instantaneous compressor temperature calculated or measured as an estimated value, whether the temperature increase ΔT1 associated with the processing of the request becomes Reaching or exceeding the maximum compressor temperature would result. In this case the request will not be answered. However, if at the same time a further request or among several other requests before a query whose execution would lead to a lower temperature increase Δ T2, which does not lead to exceeding the maximum value of the compressor temperature from the current compressor temperature, so this request according to the invention in the execution be preferred. After processing the request and an associated increase in the temperature of the compressor by Δ T2 the compressor cools down again. If a compressor temperature is reached which is so low that, starting from the instantaneous compressor temperature, the expected temperature difference ΔT1 does not lead to an exceeding of the maximum value of the compressor temperature, then the initially unanswered request can be answered.

Entsprechend kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren auch dann durchgeführt werden, wenn eine Mehrzahl von Anfragen vorliegt, die entsprechend ihrem zeitlichen Eingang nach Art einer Warteschlange abgespeichert werden können, erfindungsgemäß jedoch nicht zwangsläufig entsprechend der zeitlichen Reihenfolge ihres Einganges bearbeitet werden. Liegen mehrere Anfragen vor, die zu unterschiedlichen Temperaturerhöhungen der Kompressortemperatur führen würden, so ist es jedoch durchaus möglich, dass diese Anfragen in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren entsprechend der zeitlichen Reihenfolge ihres Eingangs bearbeitet werden, sofern diese Reihenfolge der Abarbeitung den erfindungsgemäß herangezogenen Kriterien, nämlich der momentanen Kompressortemperatur und der bei Abarbeitung der Anfrage zu erwartenden Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur, entspricht.Accordingly, the inventive method can also be carried out when there are a plurality of requests that can be stored according to their temporal input in the manner of a queue, but according to the invention are not necessarily processed according to the temporal order of their input. If there are several inquiries that would lead to different temperature increases of the compressor temperature, it is quite possible that these requests are processed in the inventive method according to the time sequence of their input, provided that this order of processing the criteria used in the invention, namely the current Compressor temperature and expected when processing the request increase the compressor temperature corresponds.

Aus einer Mehrzahl von Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen wird von dem Steuergerät eine Anfrage ausgewählt, deren Abarbeitung ausgehend von der momentanen Kompressortemperatur und der bei der Abarbeitung zu erwartenden Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur nicht zu einem Überschreiten des Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur führt. Auf diese Weise sind thermische Schäden an dem Kompressor zuverlässig vermieden.From a plurality of compressor power requests, a request is selected by the control unit, the execution of which, starting from the instantaneous compressor temperature and the expected increase in the compressor temperature during execution, does not lead to an exceeding of the maximum value of the compressor temperature. In this way, thermal damage to the compressor are reliably avoided.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Zuteilung von Kompressorleistung unabhängig von der zeitlichen Reihenfolge des Einganges der Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen durchgeführt wird. Auf diese Weise ist bei der Abarbeitung der Anfragen eine hohe Flexibilität erzielt. Hierbei ist jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen, dass die Reihenfolge der Abarbeitung der Anfragen zufällig der zeitlichen Reihenfolge ihres Einganges entspricht.A development of the invention provides that the allocation of compressor power is performed independently of the time sequence of the input of the compressor power requests. In this way, a high degree of flexibility is achieved in the processing of inquiries. However, it is not excluded that the order of execution of the requests coincidentally corresponds to the chronological order of their receipt.

Eine andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, bei der Zuteilung von Kompressorleistung eine Klassifizierung der Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen, beispielsweise hinsichtlich Sicherheitsaspekten, berücksichtigt wird. Liegt beispielsweise eine Kompressorleistungs-Anfrage für eine besonders systemwichtige Funktion vor, beispielsweise bei einem Kraftfahrzeug eine für die Fahrzeugsicherheit oder einen Fußgängerschutz relevante Systemfunktion, so kann eine entsprechende Anfrage priorisiert werden, so dass diese Priorisierung die erfindungsgemäß zur Zuteilung von Kompressorleistung herangezogenen Kriterien übersteuert. Ist beispielsweise eine sicherheitsrelevante Systemfunktion auszuführen, für deren Ausführung die Abkühlung des Kompressors jedoch noch nicht weit genug fortgeschritten ist und liegt gleichzeitig eine Anfrage vor, die nicht sicherheitsrelevant ist, im Hinblick auf die erreichte Abkühlung des Kompressors jedoch ausgeführt werden könnte, so wird bei dieser Ausführungsform die Abkühlung des Prozessors fortgesetzt, bis die mit der sicherheitsrelevanten Systemfunktion verbundene Kompressorleistungs-Anfrage abgearbeitet wird.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides, in the allocation of compressor power, a classification of the compressor power requests, for example, in terms of safety aspects, is taken into account. If, for example, a compressor power request for a particularly system-important function, for example in a motor vehicle for the vehicle safety or pedestrian protection relevant system function, so a request can be prioritized, so that this prioritization overrides the inventively used for the allocation of compressor power criteria. If, for example, a safety-related system function is to be carried out, for the execution of which the cooling of the compressor has not yet progressed far enough and at the same time there is a request which is not relevant to safety, but could be carried out with regard to the achieved cooling of the compressor, then Embodiment, the cooling of the processor continues until the associated with the safety-related system function compressor performance request is processed.

Entsprechend den jeweiligen Anforderungen kann die momentane Kompressortemperatur gemessen oder als Temperatur-Schätzwert von dem Steuergerät berechnet werden. Eine Berechnung der momentanen Kompressortemperatur als Temperatur-Schätzwert hat den Vorteil, dass Sensoren zum Abfühlen der Kompressortemperatur nicht erforderlich sind. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich ein besonders einfacher und störungsunempfindlicher Aufbau. Entsprechende Verfahren zur Berechnung der Kompressortemperatur sind beispielsweise durch DE 103 30 121 A1 und EP 1 644 640 B1 bekannt und werden daher hier nicht näher erläutert.In accordance with the respective requirements, the instantaneous compressor temperature can be measured or calculated as a temperature estimate by the control unit. A calculation of the instantaneous compressor temperature as a temperature estimate has the advantage that sensors for sensing the compressor temperature are not required. In this way, a particularly simple and interference-insensitive construction. Corresponding methods for calculating the compressor temperature are, for example, by DE 103 30 121 A1 and EP 1 644 640 B1 are known and are therefore not explained here.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment.

Der Betrieb eines Kompressors, beispielsweise im Zusammenhang mit einer Niveauregulierungsanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges, wird von einem Steuergerät gesteuert. Bei dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel wird der Kompressor von dem Steuergerät zur Vermeidung thermischer Schäden dann abgeschaltet, wenn ein Maximalwert ΔTmax der Kompressortemperatur erreicht oder überschritten wird. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel richten drei Systemkomponenten Kompressorleistungsanfragen S1 bzw. S2 bzw. S3 an das Steuergerät, wobei die Anfrage S1 eine Kompressorleistung P1 benötigt und zu einer Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur um ΔT1 führt. Demgegenüber benötigt die Anfrage S2 eine Kompressorleistung P2 und führt zu einer Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur um ΔT2, und die Anfrage S3 benötigt eine Kompressorleistung P3 und führt zu einer Temperaturerhöhung ΔT3. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sei ΔT1< ΔT2 < ΔT3 angenommen.The operation of a compressor, for example in connection with a level control system of a motor vehicle, is controlled by a control unit. In the described embodiment, the compressor is turned off by the thermal damage prevention control unit when a maximum value ΔTmax of the compressor temperature is reached or exceeded. In the illustrated Embodiment set three system components compressor power requests S1 and S2 or S3 to the controller, the request S1 requires a compressor power P1 and leads to an increase in the compressor temperature by .DELTA.T1. In contrast, the request S2 needs a compressor power P2 and leads to an increase of the compressor temperature by ΔT2, and the request S3 needs a compressor power P3 and leads to a temperature increase ΔT3. In the illustrated embodiment, let ΔT1 <ΔT2 <ΔT3 be assumed.

Im folgenden sei angenommen, dass das Steuergerät den Kompressor abgeschaltet hat, nachdem ein Maximalwert der Kompressortemperatur erreicht oder überschritten worden ist. Um thermische Schäden an dem Kompressor zu vermeiden, kann der Kompressor erst dann wieder in Betrieb genommen werden und Kompressorleistung abgeben, wenn er sich in ausreichendem Maße abgekühlt hat. Es sei angenommen, dass während der Abkühlungsphase des Kompressors zeitlich aufeinanderfolgend zunächst eine Anfrage S3, danach eine Anfrage S1 und anschließend eine Anfrage S2 eingeht, wie in der nachfolgenden Tabelle dargestellt: Kompressorleistungs-Anfrage Benötigte Kompressorleistung Zu erwartende Erhöhung der Kompressortemperatur S3 P3 ΔT3 S1 P1 ΔT1 S2 P2 ΔT2 In the following it is assumed that the control unit has switched off the compressor after a maximum value of the compressor temperature has been reached or exceeded. In order to avoid thermal damage to the compressor, the compressor can not be put back into operation until it has sufficiently cooled down. Let it be assumed that, during the cooling phase of the compressor, a request S3, followed by a request S1 and then a request S2, occurs in chronological succession, as shown in the following table: Compressor power request Required compressor power Expected increase in compressor temperature S3 P3 .DELTA.T3 S1 P1 .DELTA.T1 S2 P2 .DELTA.T2

Während der Abkühlung des Prozessors berechnet das Steuergerät bei dieser Ausführungsform fortlaufend die momentane Kompressortemperatur als Temperatur-Schätzwert und stellt fest, ob der Kompressor bereits so weit abgekühlt ist, dass Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen beantwortet werden können.During the cooling of the processor, in this embodiment, the controller continuously calculates the current compressor temperature as a temperature estimate and determines whether the compressor has already cooled enough to be able to respond to compressor power requests.

Stellt das Steuergerät beispielsweise fest, dass ausgehend von der momentanen Kompressortemperatur die mit der Anfrage S3 verbundene Temperaturerhöhung ΔT3 zu einer Überschreitung des Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur ΔTmax führen würde, die mit der Anfrage S1 verbundene geringere Temperaturerhöhung ΔT1 jedoch nicht zu einer solchen Überschreitung des Maximalwertes ΔTmax der Kompressortemperatur führt, so wird zunächst die Anfrage S1 beantwortet, so dass der anfragenden Systemkomponente die benötigte Kompressorleistung P1 zugeteilt wird, so dass die zugehörige Systemfunktion ausgeführt wird. Nach Ausführung der entsprechenden Systemfunktion kann die Abkühlung des Kompressors fortgesetzt werden. Ist die Abkühlung soweit fortgeschritten, dass die mit der Anfrage S2 verbundene Temperaturerhöhung ΔT2 nicht zu einem Überschreiten des Maximalwertes der Kompressortemperatur führen würde, so kann zunächst diese Anfrage beantwortet werden. Erst daran anschließend und nach einer weiteren Abkühlung des Prozesses wird die Anfrage S3 beantwortet.If, for example, the control unit determines that, based on the instantaneous compressor temperature, the temperature increase ΔT3 associated with the request S3 would result in exceeding the maximum value of the compressor temperature ΔTmax, the lower temperature increase ΔT1 associated with the request S1 will not result in exceeding the maximum value ΔTmax Compressor temperature leads, so the request S1 is first answered, so that the requesting system component, the required compressor power P1 is allocated, so that the associated system function is performed. After completing the appropriate system function, compressor cooling can continue. If the cooling has progressed so far that the temperature increase ΔT2 associated with the request S2 would not lead to the maximum value of the compressor temperature being exceeded, then this request can first be answered. Only then and after a further cooling of the process, the query S3 is answered.

Erfindungsgemäß ist es möglich, bei der Zuteilung von Kompressorleistung eine Klassifizierung der Kompressorleistungs-Anfragen, beispielsweise hinsichtlich Sicherheitsaspekten, zu berücksichtigen. Handelt es sich bei der zu der Anfrage S3 zugehörigen Systemfunktion um eine sicherheitsrelevante Funktion, beispielsweise für die Fahrsicherheit oder den Fußgängerschutz im Zusammenhang mit einer Niveauregulierungsanlage eines Kraftfahrzeugs, so kann die Anfrage S3 bei der Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens stets entsprechend klassifiziert und damit hinsichtlich der Ausführung priorisiert sein. In diesem Falle würde das Steuergerät den Kompressor erst dann wieder in Betrieb nehmen, wenn dieser soweit abgekühlt ist, dass die mit der Anfrage S3 verbundene Temperaturerhöhung ΔT3 nicht zu einem Überschreiten der maximalen Kompressortemperatur führen würde. Ist der Kompressor entsprechend abgekühlt, so wird die benötigte Kompressorleistung P3 entprechend der Anfrage S3 zugeteilt. Die Anfragen S1 und S2, die zu geringeren Temperaturerhöhungen der Kompressortemperatur führen würden, werden im Falle einer solchen Klassifizierung also nicht vorgezogen.GesellschaftAccording to the invention, it is possible to take into account, when allocating compressor power, a classification of the compressor power requests, for example with regard to safety aspects. If the system function associated with the request S3 is a safety-relevant function, for example for driving safety or pedestrian protection in connection with a level control system of a motor vehicle, then the request S3 can always be correspondingly classified when carrying out the method according to the invention and thus with regard to execution be prioritized. In this case, the control unit would take the compressor back into operation only when it has cooled down so far that the temperature increase associated with the request S3 ΔT3 would not lead to exceeding the maximum compressor temperature. If the compressor is cooled down accordingly, the required compressor power P3 is allocated according to the request S3. Inquiries S1 and S2, which would lead to lower temperature increases of the compressor temperature, are therefore not preferred in the case of such a classification. Society

Claims (4)

  1. Method for controlling the operation of a compressor,
    in which the compressor is switched off by a control unit in order to avoid thermal damage when a maximum value of the compressor temperature is reached or exceeded and
    in which at least two system components direct compressor power requests to the control unit and the control unit assigns compressor power to the system components as a function of the compressor power requests,
    characterized
    in that the control unit assigns the requested compressor power to system components at least partially as a function of the instantaneous compressor temperature and an increase in the compressor temperature which is to be expected given assignment of the compressor power in accordance with the respective compressor power request, wherein a request in which, when assigning the requested compressor power, an increase occurs in the compressor temperature which, starting from the instantaneous compressor temperature, does not lead to the maximum value of the compressor temperature being exceeded, is selected from a multiplicity of compressor power requests by the control unit.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the assignment of compressor power is carried out independently of the chronological sequence of the inputting of the compressor power requests.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assignment of compressor power takes into account a classification of the compressor power requests, for example with respect to safety aspects.
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the respective instantaneous compressor temperature is measured or calculated as a temperature estimated value by the control unit.
EP20100151519 2009-04-06 2010-01-25 Method for controlling the operation of a compressor Active EP2395243B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910003745 DE102009003745A1 (en) 2009-04-06 2009-04-06 Compressor operation controlling method for motor vehicle, involves increasing compressor temperature, during feeding of compressor capacity corresponding to respective compressor capacity-requests

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EP2395243A1 EP2395243A1 (en) 2011-12-14
EP2395243B1 true EP2395243B1 (en) 2013-03-20

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Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3334808A (en) 1965-10-24 1967-08-08 Lennox Ind Inc Compressor lubrication arrangement
DE1943936A1 (en) 1969-08-29 1971-03-18 Danfoss As Protection arrangement for a compressor
DE3919407A1 (en) 1988-07-14 1990-01-18 Eco Air Drucklufttechnik Gmbh METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A COMPRESSOR AND CONTROL DEVICE
JPH03118719A (en) 1989-09-29 1991-05-21 Seikosha Co Ltd Motor control
DE4333591A1 (en) 1993-10-01 1995-04-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Controller for switching the electric drive motor, in particular of an air compressor, on and off to match the demand
DE19621946C2 (en) 1996-05-31 2002-05-29 Daimler Chrysler Ag air suspension
DE19810764B4 (en) * 1998-03-12 2005-05-25 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Demand-dependent on and off compressor and method for controlling or regulating such a compressor
DE19812234C2 (en) 1998-03-20 2002-07-18 Daimler Chrysler Ag Air suspension system for vehicles
DE10120206A1 (en) 2001-04-24 2002-10-31 Wabco Gmbh & Co Ohg Method for controlling a compressor
DE10330121A1 (en) 2003-07-04 2005-02-03 Continental Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling the operation of a compressor

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